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Volumn 19, Issue 18, 2009, Pages 5452-5457

Addressing the malaria drug resistance challenge using flow cytometry to discover new antimalarials

Author keywords

Cytometry; Drug discovery; Malarial

Indexed keywords

ANTIMALARIAL AGENT; ARTEMISININ; CHLOROQUINE; DNA; ETRAVIRINE; IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVE; MEFLOQUINE; N (3 CHLOROPHENYL) 3 [3,5 DIMETHYL 4 (4 METHYL 1 PIPERAZINYLCARBONYL) 1H PYRROL 2 YLMETHYLENE] 2,3 DIHYDRO N METHYL 2 OXO 1H INDOLE 5 SULFONAMIDE; RILPIVIRINE; RNA; SORAFENIB;

EID: 69049084901     PISSN: 0960894X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2009.07.095     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (24)

References (55)
  • 10
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    • note
    • 1H NMR (300 MHz) spectra of the compounds were obtained through the use of instrumentation in the department of chemistry at Case Western Reserve University.
  • 21
    • 69049092177 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wallace, E. M.; Lyssikatos, J. P.; Hurley, B. T.; Marlow, A. L. WO2003077914 (A1).
    • Wallace, E. M.; Lyssikatos, J. P.; Hurley, B. T.; Marlow, A. L. WO2003077914 (A1).
  • 23
    • 69049095220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • ®) was kindly provided by the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Currently the throughput of this assay is approximately 100 compounds per day. Recently we have added a High Throughput Sampler to our existing LSR2 from Becton-Dickinson allowing for 300-900 compounds (or drug dilutions) to be tested per day. The rate limiting step is dilution of samples to the appropriate concentration.
  • 24
    • 69049107743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 50 values using GraphPad Prism version 5.00 for Windows (San Diego,CA).In the future, collaborations with Verity Software House will allow the authors access to Gemstone automated FACS analysis software (Beta version) to deal with the vast amounts of data generated with our high content analysis. FACS plots can be found in Grimberg et al. (2008) (Ref. 7).We would like to emphasize to the malarial research community and to those not familiar with flow cytometry techniques that the essence of this Letter describes the first application of this new flow cytometry method to measure the stage in vitro drug susceptibility of the 3 known antimalarials and to discover new antimalarials. Additional details as to how the flow cytometry method enables these measurements and analysis and its preliminary validation and optimization in comparison to hypoxanthine uptake measurements can be found in Ref. 7.
  • 31
    • 69049114178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demattei, J.; Shaky, A. S.; Piscopio, A. D.; Hache, B. P.; Evans, M. C.; Ford, J. G.; Pointon, S. M.; Peeters, K.; Lilley, T. J.; Leonard, J. WO2007002157 (A2).
    • Demattei, J.; Shaky, A. S.; Piscopio, A. D.; Hache, B. P.; Evans, M. C.; Ford, J. G.; Pointon, S. M.; Peeters, K.; Lilley, T. J.; Leonard, J. WO2007002157 (A2).
  • 32
    • 69049110087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Andrews III, C. W.; Cheung, M.; Davis-Ward, R. G.; Drewry D. H.; Emmitte, K. A.; Hubbard, R. D.; Kuntz, K. W.; Linn, J. A.; Mook, R. A.; Smith, G. K.; Veal, J. M. WO2004014899 (A1).
    • Andrews III, C. W.; Cheung, M.; Davis-Ward, R. G.; Drewry D. H.; Emmitte, K. A.; Hubbard, R. D.; Kuntz, K. W.; Linn, J. A.; Mook, R. A.; Smith, G. K.; Veal, J. M. WO2004014899 (A1).
  • 33
    • 69049083701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The data generated for compound #13 demonstrate an order of magnitude less growth inhibition for the trophozoite stage when compared to the ring and schizont stages. This may suggest that this compound is preventing maturation of the trophozoite stage to the schizont stage. Presently, we do not have additional supporting data. However, it points to the fact that our methodology even with the use of asynchronous cultures enables the detection of compounds that have unique stage growth inhibition profiles.
  • 52
    • 69049083700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Cell size is indicated by the forward scatter (FSC) on a flow cytometer. This parameter is proportional to the amount of laser light passing unobstructed around a cell.
  • 53
    • 69049083698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Internal complexity is indicated by the side scatter (SSC) on a flow cytometer. This parameter is proportional to the amount of laser light which is reflected by cell membranes and organelles.
  • 54
    • 69049106708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • In addition to changes in cell shape, drug toxicity to cells can be detected as damage to the membrane and is indicated by the presence of propidium iodide stain within a cell.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.