Polyphenol, conditioning, and conservation effects on protein fractions and degradability in forage legumes

Crop Science

Volumn 49, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 1511-1522

  Grabber, J H ^a   Coblentz, W K ^b  

^a U S DAIRY FORAGE RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

^b AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BOVIDAE; LOTUS; LOTUS CORNICULATUS; MEDICAGO SATIVA; TRIFOLIUM; TRIFOLIUM PRATENSE;

EID: 67849124348     PISSN: 0011183X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2135/cropsci2008.05.0298     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Agbossamey, Y.R., P. Savoie, and J.R. Seoane. 1998. Eff ect of maceration on nitrogen fractions in hay and silage. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 78:399-405.
2. Brito, A.F., G.A. Broderick, J.J. Olmos Colmenero, and S.M. Reynal. 2007. Eff ects of feeding formate-treated alfalfa silage or red clover silage on omasal nutrient fl ow and microbial protein synthesis in lactating dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci. 90:1392-1404.
3. Broderick, G.A. 1987. Determination of protein degradation rates using a rumen in vitro system containing inhibitors of microbial nitrogen metabolism. Br. J. Nutr. 58:463-476.
4. Broderick, G.A., and K.A. Albrecht. 1997. Ruminal in vitro degradation of protein in tannin-free and tannin-containing legume species. Crop Sci. 37:1884-1891.
5. Broderick, G.A., K.A. Albrecht, V.N. Owens, and R.R. Smith. 2004. Genetic variation in red cover for rumen protein degradability. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 113:157-167.
6. Broderick, G.A., and J.H. Kang. 1980. Automated simultaneous determination of ammonia and total amino acids in ruminal fl uid and in vitro media. J. Dairy Sci. 63:64-75.
7. Broderick, G.A., R.P. Walgenbach, and S. Malgnan. 2001. Production of lactating dairy cows fed alfalfa or red clover at equal dry matter or crude protein contents in the diet. J. Dairy Sci. 84:1728-1737.
8. Cassida, K.A., T.S. Griffi n, J. Rodriguez, S.C. Patching, O.B. Hesterman, and S.R. Rust. 2000. Protein degradability and forage quality in maturing alfalfa, red clover, and birdsfoot trefoil. Crop Sci. 40:209-215.
9. Coblentz, W.K., I.E.O. Abdelgadir, R.C. Cochran, J.O. Fritz, W.H. Fick, K.C. Olson, and J.E. Turner. 1999. Degradability of forage proteins by in situ and in vitro enzymatic methods. J. Dairy Sci. 82:343-354.
10. Coblentz, W.K., J.O. Fritz, R.C. Cochran, W.L. Rooney, and K.K. Bolsen. 1997. Protein degradation responses to spontaneous heating in alfalfa hay by in situ and fi cin methods. J. Dairy Sci. 80:700-713.
11. Coblentz, W.K., J.O. Fritz, W.H. Fick, R.C. Cochran, and J.E. Shirley. 1998. In situ dry matter, nitrogen, and fi ber degradation of alfalfa, red clover, and eastern gamagrass at four maturities. J. Dairy Sci. 81:150-161.
12. Fox, D.G., T.P. Tylutki, L.O. Tedeschi, M.E. Van Amburgh, L.E. Chase, A.N. Pell, T.R. Overton, and J.B. Russell. 2003. The net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating herd nutrition and nutrient excretion. CNCPS version 5 ed. Dep. of Animal Science, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY.
13. Grabber, J.H. 2008. Mechanical maceration divergently shifts protein degradability in condensed-tannin vs. o-quinone containing conserved forages. Crop Sci. 48:804-813.
14. Griffi n, T.S., K.A. Cassida, O.B. Hesterman, and S.R. Rust. 1994. Alfalfa maturity and cultivar eff ects on chemical and in situ estimates of protein degradability. Crop Sci. 34:1654-1661.
15. Guo, X.S., W.R. Ding, J.G. Han, and H. Zhou. 2008. Characterization of protein fractions and amino acids in ensiled alfalfa treated with diff erent chemical additives. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 142:89-98.
16. Hedqvist, H., I. Mueller-Harvey, J.D. Reed, C.G. Krueger, and M. Murphy. 2000. Characterization of tannins and in vitro protein digestibility of several Lotus corniculatus varieties. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 87:41-56.
17. Hristov, A.N., and S.G. Sandev. 1998. Proteolysis and rumen degradability of protein in alfalfa preserved as silage, wilted silage, or hay. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 72:175-181.
18. Hymes-Fecht, U.C., G.A. Broderick, R.E. Muck, J.H. Grabber, and N.J. Ehlke. 2005. Replacing alfalfa silage with red clover silage or birdsfoot trefoil in the diets of lactating dairy cattle. p. 52-53. In Research summaries. U.S. Dairy Forage Res. Cent., Madison, WI.
19. Jones, B.A., R.D. Hatfi eld, and R.E. Muck. 1995. Screening legumes forages for soluble phenols, polyphenol oxidase and extract browning. J. Sci. Food Agric. 67:109-112.
20. Julier, B., F. Guines, J.C. Emile, and C. Huyghe. 2003. Variation in protein degradability in dried forage legumes. Anim. Res. 52:401-412.
21. Kingston-Smith, A.H., A.L. Bollard, I.P. Armstead, B.J. Thomas, and M.K. Theodorou. 2003. Proteolysis and cell death in clover leaves is induced by grazing. Protoplasma 220:119-129.
22. Kohn, R.A., and M.S. Allen. 1995. Eff ect of plant maturity and preservation method on in vitro protein degradation of forages. J. Dairy Sci. 78:1544-1551.
23. Kraus, T.J., R.G. Koegel, R.J. Straub, and K.J. Shinners. 1999. Leachate conductivity as an index for quantifying level of forage conditioning. Trans. ASAE 42:847-852.
24. Krueger, C.G., K.A. Albrecht, J.D. Reed, E.J. Bures, and V.N. Owens. 1999. Sodium sulphite eff ects on recovery and composition of detergent fi bre and lignin from forage legumes varying in levels of proanthocyanidins. J. Sci. Food Agric. 79:1351-1356.
25. Lee, M.R.F., A.L. Winters, N.D. Scollan, R.J. Dewhurst, M.K. Theodorou, and F.R. Minchin. 2004. Plant-mediated lipolysis and proteolysis in red clover with diff erent polyphenol oxidase activities. J. Sci. Food Agric. 84:1639-1645.
26. Licitra, G., T.M. Hernandez, and P.J. Van Soest. 1996. Standardization of procedures for nitrogen fractionation of ruminant feeds. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 57:347-358.
27. Makoni, N.F., J.A. Shelford, and L.J. Fisher. 1994. Initial rates of degradation of protein fractions from fresh, wilted, and ensiled alfalfa. J. Dairy Sci. 77:1598-1603.
28. Makoni, N.F., M.A.G. Von Keyserlingk, J.A. Shelford, L.J. Fisher, and R. Puchaa. 1993. Fractionation of fresh, wilted and ensiled alfalfa proteins. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 41:1-13.
29. Miller, P.R., and N.J. Ehlke. 1996. Condensed tannins in birdsfoot trefoil: Genetic relationships with forage yield and quality in NC-83 germplasm. Euphytica 92:383-391
30. Min, B.R., T.N. Barry, G.T. Attwood, and W.C. McNabb. 2003. The eff ect of condensed tannins on the nutrition and health of ruminants. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol. 106:3-19.
31. Min, B.R., T.N. Barry, W.C. McNabb, and P.D. Kemp. 1998. Eff ect of condensed tannins on the production of wool and its processing characteristics in sheep grazing Lotus corniculatus. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 49:597-605.
32. Misselbrook, T.H., J.M. Powell, G.A. Broderick, and J.H. Grabber. 2005. Dietary manipulation in dairy cattle: Laboratory experiments to assess the infl uence on ammonia emissions. J. Dairy Sci. 88:1765-1777.
33. National Research Council. 2001. Nutrient requirements of dairy cattle. 7th revised ed. Update. Natl. Acad. Press, Washington, DC.
34. Owens, V.N., K.A. Albrecht, R.E. Muck, and S.H. Duke. 1999. Protein degradation and fermentation characteristics of red clover and alfalfa silage harvested with varying levels of total nonstructural carbohydrates. Crop Sci. 39:1873-1880.
35. Peltekova, V.D., and G.A. Broderick. 1996. In vitro ruminal degradation and synthesis of protein on fractions extracted from alfalfa hay and silage. J. Dairy Sci. 79:612-619.
36. SAS Institute. 2003. SAS PC Windows. Version 9.1.3. SAS Inst., Cary, NC.
37. Sniff en, C.J., J.D. O'Connor, P.J. Van Soest, D.G. Fox, and J.B. Russell. 1992. A net carbohydrate and protein system for evaluating cattle diets. II. Carbohydrate and protein availability. J. Anim. Sci. 70:3562-3577.
38. Sullivan, M.L., and R.D. Hatfi eld. 2006. Polyphenol oxidase and o-diphenols inhibit postharvest proteolysis in red clover and alfalfa. Crop Sci. 46:662-670.
39. Terrill, T.H., W.R. Windham, J.J. Evans, and C.S. Hoveland. 1994. Eff ect of drying method and condensed tannin on detergent fi ber analysis of sericea lespedeza. J. Sci. Food Agric. 66:337-343.
40. Tremblay, G.F., G. Belanger, K.B. McRae, and R. Michaud. 2001. Proteolysis in alfalfa silages made from diff erent cultivars. Can. J. Plant Sci. 81:685-692.
41. Tremblay, G.F., R. Michaud, and G. Belanger. 2003. Protein fractions and ruminal undegradable proteins in alfalfa. Can. J. Plant Sci. 83:555-559.
42. Vagnoni, D.B., and G.A. Broderick. 1997. Eff ects of supplementation of energy or ruminally undegraded protein to lactating cows fed alfalfa hay or silage. J. Dairy Sci. 80:1703-1712.
43. Vanzant, E.S., R.C. Cochran, and E.C. Titgemeyer. 1998. Standardization of in situ techniques for ruminant feedstuff evaluation. J. Anim. Sci. 76:2717-2729.
44. Vanzant, E.S., R.C. Cochran, E.C. Titgemeyer, S.D. Staff ord, K.C. Olsen, D.E. Johnson, and J. St. Jean. 1996. In vivo and in situ measurements of forage protein degradation in cattle. J. Anim. Sci. 74:2773-2784.
45. Waghorn, G.C., I.D. Shelton, W.C. McNabb, and S.N. McCutcheon. 1994. Eff ects of condensed tannins in Lotus pedunculatus on its nutritive value for sheep. 2. Nitrogenous aspects. J. Agric Sci. 123:109-119.
46. Waghorn, G.C., M.J. Ulyatt, A. John, and L.J. Fisher. 1987. The eff ect of condensed tannins on the site of digestion of amino acids and other nutrients in sheep fed on Lotus corniculatus. Br. J. Nutr. 57:115-126.
47. Woodward, S.L., M.J. Auldist, P.J. Laboyrie, and E.B.L. Jansen. 1999. Eff ect of Lotus corniculatus and condensed tannins on milk yield and milk composition of dairy cows. Proc. N. Z. Soc. Anim. Prod. 59:152-155.
48. Xie, D.Y., S.B. Sharma, E. Wright, Z.Y. Wang, and R.A. Dixon. 2006. Metabolic engineering of proanthocyanidins through co-expression of anthocyanidin reductase and the PAP1 MYB transcription factor. Plant J. 45:895-907.
49. Yang, J.H., G.A. Broderick, and R.G. Koegel. 1993. Eff ect of heat treating alfalfa hay on chemical composition and ruminal in vitro protein degradation. J. Dairy Sci. 76:154-164.
50. Yu, P., D.H. Christensen, and J.J. McKinnon. 2003. Comparison of the National Research Council-2001 model with the Dutch System (DVE/OEB) in the prediction of nutrient supply to dairy cows from forages. J. Dairy Sci. 86:2178-2192.