Influence of ENSO on the West African monsoon: Temporal aspects and atmospheric processes

Journal of Climate

Volumn 22, Issue 12, 2009, Pages 3193-3210

  Joly, Mathieu ^a   Voldoire, Aurore ^a  

^a CENTRE NATIONAL DE RECHERCHES MÉTÉOROLOGIQUES   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC PROCESS; ATMOSPHERIC RESPONSE; COMPOSITE MAPS; COUPLED GLOBAL CLIMATE MODEL; COUPLED MODEL INTERCOMPARISON PROJECT; COUPLED MODELS; COUPLED SIMULATION; ENSO EVENTS; INFLUENCE OF ENSO; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; KELVIN WAVES; LONG LASTING; REANALYSIS; SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; TELECONNECTION; TEMPORAL ASPECTS; THIRD PHASE; TIME LAG; WALKER CIRCULATION; WEST AFRICAN MONSOON;

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; CLIMATE CHANGE; NICKEL COMPOUNDS; OCEANOGRAPHY; TIME MEASUREMENT; WIND STRESS;

SIMULATORS;

AIR-SEA INTERACTION; ANNUAL VARIATION; COMPUTER SIMULATION; EL NINO-SOUTHERN OSCILLATION; KELVIN WAVE; LA NINA; MONSOON; TELECONNECTION; TEMPORAL ANALYSIS; TROPOSPHERE; WALKER CIRCULATION; WIND STRESS;

PACIFIC OCEAN; PACIFIC OCEAN (TROPICAL);

EID: 67651211021     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/2008JCLI2450.1     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Achutarao, K., and K. R. Sperber, 2006: ENSO simulation in coupled ocean-atmosphere models: Are the current models better? Climate Dyn., 27, 1-15, doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0119-7.
2. Biasutti, M., and A. Giannini, 2006: Robust Sahel drying in response to late 20th century forcings. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L11706, doi:10.1029/2006GL026067.
3. Bracco, A., F. Kucharski, F. Molteni, W.Hazeleger, and C. Severijns, 2007: A recipe for simulating the interannual variability of the Asian summer monsoon and its relation with ENSO. Climate Dyn., 28, 441-460, doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0190-0.
4. Bretherton, C. S., C. Smith, and J. M. Wallace, 1992: An intercomparison of methods for finding coupled patterns in climate data. J. Climate, 5, 541-560.
5. Capotondi, A., A. Wittenberg, and S. Masina, 2006: Spatial and temporal structure of tropical Pacific interannual variability in 20th century coupled simulations. Ocean Modell., 15, 274-298.
6. Chang, C.-P., B. Wang, and N.-C. G. Lau, Eds., 2004: The global monsoon system: Research and forecast (IWM-III). World Meteorological Organization, WMO/TD No. 1266, TMRP Rep. 70.
7. Chen, T.-C., 1985: Global water vapor flux and maintenance during FGGE. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 1801-1819.
8. Chiang, J. C. H., Y. Kushnir, and A. Giannini, 2002: Deconstructing Atlantic intertropical convergence zone variability: Influence of the local cross-equatorial sea surface temperature gradient and remote forcing from the eastern equatorial Pacific. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 4004, doi:10.1029/2000JD000307.
9. Cook, K. H., and E. K. Vizy, 2006: Coupled model simulations of the West African monsoon system: Twentieth- and twenty-first-century simulations. J. Climate, 19, 3681-3703.
10. D'Abreton, P. C., and P. D. Tyson, 1995: Divergent and non-divergent water vapour transport over southern Africa during wet and dry conditions. Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 55, 47-59, doi:10.1007/ BF01029601.
11. dell'Aquila, A., V. Lucarini, P. M. Ruti, and S. Calmanti, 2005: Hayashi spectra of the northern hemisphere mid-latitude atmospheric variability in the NCEP/NCAR and ECMWF reanalyses. Climate Dyn., 25, 639-652, doi:10.1007/s00382-005-0048-x.
12. Douville, H., D. Salas-Mélia, and S. Tyteca, 2006: On the tropical origin of uncertainties in the global land precipitation response to global warming. Climate Dyn., 26, 367-385, doi:10.1007/ s00382-005-0088-2.
13. Fedorov, A. V., and S. G. Philander, 2001: A stability analysis of tropical ocean-atmosphere interactions: Bridging measurements and theory for El Niño. J. Climate, 14, 3086-3101.
14. Giannini, A., R. Saravanan, and P. Chang, 2005: Dynamics of the boreal summer African monsoon in the NSIPP1 atmospheric model. Climate Dyn., 25, 517-535, doi:10.1007/s00382-005-0056-x.
15. Giannini, A., A. W. Robertson, and J.-H. Qian, 2007: A role for tropical tropospheric temperature adjustment to El Niño-Southern Oscillation in the seasonality of monsoonal Indonesia precipitation predictability. J. Geophys. Res., 112, D16110, doi:10.1029/2007JD008519.
16. Gill, A. E., 1980: Some simple solutions for heat-induced tropical circulation. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 106, 447-462.
17. Guilyardi, E., 2006: El Niño-mean state-seasonal cycle interactions in a multi-model ensemble. Climate Dyn., 26, 329-348, doi:10.1007/s00382-005-0084-6.
18. Hannachi, A., I. T. Jolliffe, and D. B. Stephenson, 2007: Empirical orthogonal functions and related techniques in atmospheric science: Areview. Int. J. Climatol., 27, 1119-1152, doi:10.1002/ joc.1499.
19. Hoerling, M., J. Hurrell, J. Eischeid, and A. Phillips, 2006: Detection and attribution of twentieth-century northern and southern African rainfall change. J. Climate, 19, 3989-4008.
20. Huang, B., and J. Shukla, 2007: Mechanisms for the interannual variability in the tropical Indian Ocean. Part I: The role of remote forcing from the tropical Pacific. J. Climate, 20, 2917-2936.
21. Janicot, S., V. Moron, and B. Fontaine, 1996: Sahel droughts and ENSO dynamics. Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 515-518.
22. Janicot, S., S. Trzaska, and I. Poccard, 2001: Summer Sahel-ENSO teleconnection and decadal time scale SST variations. Climate Dyn., 18, 303-320.
23. Joly, M., A. Voldoire, H. Douville, P. Terray, and J.-F. Royer, 2007: African monsoon teleconnections with tropical SSTs: Validation and evolution in a set of IPCC4 simulations. Climate Dyn., 29, 1-20, doi:10.1007/s00382-006-0215-8.
24. Joseph, R., and S. Nigam, 2006: ENSO evolution and teleconnections in IPCC's twentieth-century climate simulations: Realistic representation? J. Climate, 19, 4360-4377.
25. Jury, M. R., D. B. Enfield, and J.-L. Mélice, 2002: Tropical monsoons around Africa: Stability of El Niño-Southern Oscillation associations and links with continental climate. J. Geophys. Res., 107, 3151, doi:10.1029/2000JC000507.
26. Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-Year Reanalysis Project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-471.
27. Krishna Kumar, K., M. Hoerling, and B. Rajagopalan, 2005: Advancing dynamical prediction of Indian monsoon rainfall. Geophys. Res. Lett., 32, L08704, doi:10.1029/2004GL021979.
28. Lau, K. M., S. S. P. Shen, K.-M. Kim, and H. Wang, 2006: A multimodel study of the twentieth-century simulations of Sahel drought from the 1970s to 1990s. J. Geophys. Res., 111, D07111, doi:10.1029/ 2005JD006281.
29. Leloup, J., M. Lengaigne, and J.-P. Boulanger, 2007: Twentieth century ENSO characteristics in the IPCC database. Climate Dyn., 30, 277-291, doi:10.1007/s00382-007-0284-3.
30. Lin, J.-L., 2007: The double-ITCZ problem in IPCC AR4 coupled GCMs: Ocean-atmosphere feedback analysis. J. Climate, 20, 4497-4525.
31. Lin, J.-L., and Coauthors, 2006: Tropical intraseasonal variability in 14 IPCC AR4 climate models. Part I: Convective signals. J. Climate, 19, 2665-2690.
32. Lyon, B., and S. J. Mason, 2007: The 1997-98 summer rainfall season in southern Africa. Part I: Observations. J. Climate, 20, 5134-5148.
33. Mitchell, T. D., and P. D. Jones, 2005: An improved method of constructing a database of monthly climate observations and associated high-resolution grids. Int. J. Climatol., 25, 693-712.
34. Neelin, J. D., C. Chou, and H. Su, 2003: Tropical drought regions in global warming and El Niño teleconnections. Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 2275, doi:10.1029/2003GL018625.
35. Nicholls, N., 2001: The insignificance of significance testing. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 82, 981-986.
36. Nicholson, S. E., and J. P. Grist, 2003: The seasonal evolution of the atmospheric circulation over West Africa and equatorial Africa. J. Climate, 16, 1013-1030.
37. Peña, M., M. Cai, and E. Kalnay, 2004: Life span of subseasonal coupled anomalies. J. Climate, 17, 1597-1604.
38. Poccard, I., S. Janicot, and P. Camberlin, 2000: Comparison of rainfall structures between NCEP/NCAR reanalyses and observed data over tropical Africa. Climate Dyn., 16, 897-915.
39. Press, W.H., S. A. Teukolsky, W. T. Vetterling, and B. P. Flannery, 1992: Numerical Recipes in FORTRAN: The Art of Scientific Computing. 2nd ed. Cambridge University Press, 963 pp.
40. Randall, D., and Coauthors, 2007: Climate models and their evaluation. Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis, S. Solomon et al., Eds., Cambridge University Press, 589-662.
41. Rayner, N. A., D. E. Parker, E. B. Horton, C. K. Folland, L. V. Alexander, D. P. Rowell, E. C. Kent, and A. Kaplan, 2003: Global analyses of sea surface temperature, sea ice, and night marine air temperature since the late nineteenth century. J. Geophys. Res., 108, 4407, doi:10.1029/2002JD002670.
42. Rowell, D. P., 2001: Teleconnections between the tropical Pacific and the Sahel. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 127, 1683-1706.
43. Rowell, D. P., C. K. Folland, K. Maskell, J. A. Owen, and M. N. Ward, 1992: Modelling the influence of global sea surface temperatures on the variability and predictability of seasonal Sahel rainfall. Geophys. Res. Lett., 19, 905-908.
44. Sardeshmukh, P. D., and B. J. Hoskins, 1985: Vorticity balances in the tropics during the 1982-83 El Niño-Southern Oscillation event. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 111, 261-278.
45. Semazzi, F. H. M., V. Mehta, and Y. C. Sud, 1988: An investigation of the relationship between sub-Saharan rainfall and global sea surface temperatures. Atmos.-Ocean, 26, 118-138.
46. Sturaro, G., 2003: A closer look at the climatological discontinuities present in the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis temperature due to the introduction of satellite data. Climate Dyn., 21, 309-316, doi:10.1007/ s00382-003-0334-4.
47. Su, H., J. D. Neelin, and J. E. Meyerson, 2003: Sensitivity of tropical tropospheric temperature to sea surface temperature forcing. J. Climate, 16, 1283-1301.
48. Tarbule, A., and P. J. Lamb, 2003: Climate research and seasonal forecasting for West Africans: Perceptions, dissemination, and use? Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 84, 1741-1759.
49. Terray, P., P. Delecluse, S. Labattu, and L. Terray, 2003: Sea surface temperature associations with the late Indian summer monsoon. Climate Dyn., 21, 593-618, doi:10.1007/s00382-003-0354-0.
50. Trenberth, K. E., 1997: The definition of El Niño. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 78, 2771-2777.
51. Uppala, S. M., and Coauthors, 2005: The ERA-40 Re-Analysis. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 131, 2961-3012.
52. van Oldenborgh, G. J., S. Y. Philip, and M. Collins, 2005: El Niño in a changing climate: A multi-model study. Ocean Sci., 1, 81-95.
53. Wang, B., 1995: Interdecadal changes in El Niño onset in the last four decades. J. Climate, 8, 267-285.
54. Wang, B., and S. I. An, 2002: A mechanism for decadal changes of ENSO behavior: Roles of background wind changes. Climate Dyn., 18, 475-486, doi:10.1007/s00382-001-0189-5.
55. Wilks, D. S., 1997: Resampling hypothesis tests for autocorrelated fields. J. Climate, 10, 65-82.
56. Wu, W., A. E. Dessler, and G. R. North, 2006: Analysis of the correlations between atmospheric boundary-layer and free-tropospheric temperatures in the tropics. Geophys. Res. Lett., 33, L20707, doi:10.1029/2006GL026708.