The "Obama Effect": How a salient role model reduces race-based performance differences

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

Volumn 45, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 953-956

  Marx, David M ^a   Ko, Sei Jin ^b   Friedman, Ray A ^c  

^a SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Performance; Role models; Stereotype threat; Stereotyped attitudes

Indexed keywords

EID: 67650762806     PISSN: 00221031     EISSN: 10960465     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2009.03.012     Document Type: Article

References (16)

1. Buunk A.P., Peiro J.M., and Griffioen C. A positive role model may stimulate career-oriented behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 37 (2007) 1489-1500
2. Gomstyn, A. (2008). ABC news online, Obama as a role model: Students, educators share excitement. November 5. .
3. Lockwood P. Someone like me can be successful: Do college students need same-gender role models?. Psychology of Women Quarterly 30 (2006) 36-46
4. Lockwood P., and Kunda Z. Superstars and me: Predicting the impact of role models on the self. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 73 (1997) 91-103
5. Marx, D. M. (2009). Superstars close to me: The effect of role model closeness on performance under threat. Unpublished manuscript, San Diego State University.
6. Marx D.M., and Goff P.A. Clearing the air: The effect of experimenter race on targets' test performance and subjective experience. British Journal of Social Psychology 44 (2005) 645-657
7. Marx D.M., and Roman J.S. Female role models: Protecting women's math test performance. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 28 (2002) 1183-1193
8. Marx D.M., Stapel D.A., and Muller D. We can do it: The interplay of a collective self-construal orientation and social comparisons under threat. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 88 (2005) 432-446
9. McIntyre R.B., Paulson R.M., and Lord C.G. Alleviating women's mathematics stereotype through salience of group achievement. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 39 (2003) 83-90
10. Miller, M. (2008). Obama's victory an inspiration to those hoping to heal America's racial divide, November 6. Lansing State Journal, .
11. Pitts, B. (2008). CBS News online, Obama Effect touching a new generation, August 26. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/08/26/eveningnews/main4386451.shtml.
12. Reyes R.P. Barack Obama: The new role model for Black Children (2008), The Student Operated Press. http://thesop.org/index.php?article=14029
13. Singh V., Vinnicombe S., and James K. Constructing a professional identity: How young female managers use role models. Women in Management Review 21 (2006) 67-81
14. Smith, J. (2009). The State News. Obama, role model for all, http://www.statenews.com/index.php/article/2008/06/obama__role_model_for_all_.
15. Steele C.M. A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance. American Psychologist 52 (1997) 613-629
16. Steele C.M., and Aronson J. Stereotype vulnerability and the intellectual test performance of African Americans. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69 (1995) 797-811