The Obama effect: Decreasing implicit prejudice and stereotyping

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

Volumn 45, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 961-964

  Plant, E Ashby ^a   Devine, Patricia G ^b   Cox, William T L ^b   Columb, Corey ^a   Miller, Saul L ^a   Goplen, Joanna ^a   Peruche, B Michelle ^a  

^a FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN MADISON   (United States)

Author keywords

Attitude change; Implicit prejudice; Implicit stereotyping; Prejudice reduction

Indexed keywords

EID: 67650716704     PISSN: 00221031     EISSN: 10960465     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2009.04.018     Document Type: Article

References (23)

1. Amodio D.M., and Devine P.G. Stereotyping and evaluation in implicit race bias: Evidence for independent constructs and unique effects on behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 91 4 (2006) 652-661
2. Banaji, M. R. (2005). Mind bugs: The psychology of ordinary prejudice. Paper presented at the Midwestern Psychological Association meeting, Chicago, May.
3. Blair I.V., Ma J.E., and Lenton A.P. Imagining stereotypes away: The moderations of implicit stereotypes through mental imagery. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81 5 (2001) 828-841
4. Brigham J.C. College students' racial attitudes. Journal of Applied and Social Psychology 23 (1993) 1933-1967
5. Conrey F.R., Sherman J.W., Gawronski B., Hugenberg K., and Groom C.J. Separating multiple processes in implicit social cognition: The quad model of implicit task performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 89 4 (2005) 469-487
6. Dasgupta N., and Asgari S. Seeing is believing: Exposure to counter stereotypic women leaders and its effect on the malleability of automatic gender stereotyping. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 40 5 (2004) 642-658
7. Dasgupta N., and Greenwald A.G. On the malleability of automatic attitudes: Combating automatic prejudice with images of admired and disliked individuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81 5 (2001) 800-814
8. Dasgupta N., and Rivera L.M. When social context matters: The influence of long-term contact and short-term exposure to admired outgroup members on implicit attitudes and behavioral intentions. Social Cognition 26 1 (2008) 112-123
9. Devine P.G. Stereotypes and prejudice: Their automatic and controlled components. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 56 1 (1989) 5-18
10. Devine P.G., and Elliot A.J. Are racial stereotypes really fading: The Princeton triology revisited. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 21 11 (1995) 1139-1150
11. Devine P.G., Plant E.A., Amodio D.M., Harmon-Jones E., and Vance S.L. The regulation of explicit and implicit race bias: The role of motivations to respond without prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 82 5 (2002) 835-848
12. Dovidio J.F., Evans N., and Tyler R.B. Racial stereotypes: The contents of their cognitive representations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 22 1 (1986) 22-37
13. Dovidio J.F., Kawakami K., and Gaertner S.L. Implicit and explicit prejudice and interracial interaction. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 82 1 (2002) 62-68
14. Fazio R.H., Jackson J., Dunton B., and Williams C. Variability in automatic activation as an unobtrusive measure of racial attitudes: A bona fide pipeline?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69 (1995) 1013-1027
15. Gawronski B., and Bodenhausen G.V. Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: An integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change. Psychological Bulletin 132 5 (2006) 692-731
16. Greenwald A.G., McGhee D.E., and Schwartz J.L.K. Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The implicit association test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74 6 (1998) 1464-1480
17. Greenwald A.G., Nosek B.A., and Banaji M.R. Understanding and using the implicit association test: I. An improved scoring algorithm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 85 2 (2003) 197-216
18. Inzlicht M., McKay L., and Aronson J. Stigma as ego depletion: How being the target of prejudice affects self-control. Psychological Science 17 3 (2006) 262-269
19. Lowery B.S., Hardin C.D., and Sinclair S. Social influence effects on automatic racial prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81 5 (2001) 842-855
20. McConnell A.R., and Leibold J.M. Relations among the implicit association test, discriminatory behavior, and explicit measures of racial attitudes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 37 (2001) 435-442
21. Richeson J.A., and Shelton J.N. When prejudice does not pay: Effects of interracial contact on executive function. Psychological Science 14 3 (2003) 287-290
22. Rothbart M., and John O.P. Social categorization and behavioral episodes: A cognitive analysis of the effects of intergroup contact. Journal of Social Issues 41 3 (1985) 81-104
23. Sinclair S., Lowery B.S., Hardin C.D., and Colangelo A. Social tuning of automatic racial attitudes: The role of affiliative motivation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 89 4 (2005) 583-592