Ixodes ovatus ehrlichia exhibits unique ultrastructural characteristics in mammalian endothelial and tick-derived cells

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

Volumn 1166, Issue , 2009, Pages 112-119

  Munderloh, Ulrike G ^a   Silverman, David J ^b   MacNamara, Katherine C ^c   Ahlstrand, Gilbert G ^a   Chatterjee, Madhumouli ^c   Winslow, Gary M ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

^c WADSWORTH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

Bacterial infection; Ehrlichia; Endothelial cell; Tick cell; Ultrastructure

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; BACTERIAL VIRULENCE; BACTERIUM COLONY; BACTERIUM CULTURE; CELL INCLUSION; CELL LINE; EHRLICHIA; EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS; EHRLICHIOSIS; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; ENDOTHELIUM CELL; HOST CELL; IXODES; IXODES OVATUS; MORPHOLOGY; MOUSE; NONHUMAN; SPLEEN CELL; STRUCTURE ANALYSIS; TICK; ZOONOSIS;

BACTERIA (MICROORGANISMS); EHRLICHIA; EHRLICHIA CHAFFEENSIS; IXODES OVATUS; IXODIDA; MAMMALIA; MUS;

EID: 67649861575     PISSN: 00778923     EISSN: 17496632     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04520.x     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Dumler, J.S. et al. 2001. Reorganization of genera in the families Rickettsiaceae and Anaplasmataceae in the order Rickettsiales: Unification of some species of Ehrlichia with Anaplasma, Cowdria with Ehrlichia and Ehrlichia with Neorickettsia, descriptions of six new species combinations and designation of Ehrlichia equi and 'HGE agent' as subjective synonyms of Ehrlichia phagocytophila. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 51: 2145-2165.
2. Goodman, J.L. et al. 1996. Direct cultivation of the causative agent of human granulocytic ehrlichiosis. N. Engl. J. Med. 334: 209-215.
3. Heimer, R., D. Tisdale & J.E. Dawson. 1998. A single tissue culture system for the propagation of the agents of the human ehrlichioses. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 58: 812-815.
4. Barnewall, R.E. & Y. Rikihisa. 1994. Abrogation of gamma interferon-induced inhibition of Ehrlichia chaffeensis infection in human monocytes with iron transferrin. Infect. Immun. 62: 4804-4810.
5. Kawahara, M. et al. 2004. Ultrastructure and phylogenetic analysis of 'Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis' in the family Anaplasmataceae, isolated from wild rats and found in Ixodes ovatus ticks. Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. 54: 1837-1843.
6. Shibata, S. et al. 2000. New Ehrlichia species closely related to Ehrlichia chaffeensis isolated from Ixodes ovatus ticks in Japan. J. Clin. Microbiol. 38: 1331-1338.
7. Okada, H. et al. 2003. Distribution of Ehrlichiae in tissues as determined by in-situ hybridization. J. Comp. Pathol. 128: 182-187.
8. Okada, H. et al. 2001. Ehrlichial proliferation and acute hepatocellular necrosis in immunocompetent mice experimentally infected with the HF strain of Ehrlichia, closely related to Ehrlichia chaffeensis. J. Comp. Pathol. 124: 165-171.
9. Ismail, N. et al. 2004. Overproduction of TNF-alpha by CD8+ type 1 cells and down-regulation of IFN-gamma production by CD4+ Th1 cells contribute to toxic shock-like syndrome in an animal model of fatal monocytotropic ehrlichiosis. J. Immunol. 172: 1786- 1800.
10. Ismail, N., H.L. Stevenson & D.H. Walker. 2006. Role of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-{alpha}) and interleukin-10 in the pathogenesis of severe murine monocytotropic ehrlichiosis: Increased resistance of TNF Receptor p55- and p75-deficient mice to fatal ehrlichial infection. Infect. Immun. 74: 1846- 1856.
11. Stevenson, H.L. et al. 2006. An intradermal environment promotes a protective type-1 response against lethal systemic monocytotropic ehrlichial infection. Infect. Immun. 74: 4856-4864.
12. Bitsaktsis, B., B. Nandi & G. Winslow. 2007. T Cell-independent humoral immunity is sufficient for protection against fatal intracellular ehrlichia infection. Infect. Immun. 75: 4933-4941.
13. Bitsaktsis, C. & G. Winslow. 2006. Fatal recall responses mediated by CD8 T cells during intracellular bacteria infection. J. Immunol. 177: 4644-4651.
14. Bitsaktsis, C., J. Huntington & G.M. Winslow. 2004. Production of Interferon-g by CD4 T cells is essential for resolving ehrlichia infection. J. Immunol. 172: 6894-6901.
15. Lou, D.A. & F.N. Hu. 1987. Specific antigen and or-ganelle expression of a long-term rhesus endothelial cell line. In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol. 23: 75-85.
16. Munderloh, U.G. et al. 1999. Invasion and intracel-lular development of the human granulocytic ehrlichiosis agent in tick cell culture. J. Clin. Microbiol. 37: 2518-2524.
17. Mix, D. & G.M. Winslow. 1996. Proteolytic processing activates a viral superantigen. J. Exp. Med. 184: 1549-1554.
18. Kurtti, T.J. et al. 1994. Ultrastructural analysis of the invasion of tick cells by Lyme disease spirochetes (Borrelia burgdorferi) in vitro. Can. J. Zool. 72: 977-994.
19. Li, J.S. et al. 2001. Outer membrane protein specific monoclonal antibodies protect SCID Mice from fatal infection by the obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen Ehrlichia chaffeensis. J. Immunol. 166: 1855-1862.
20. Mishell, R.I. & R.W. Dutton. 1967. Immunization of dissociated spleen cell cultures from normal mice. J. Exp. Med. 126: 423-442.
21. Nandi, B. et al. 2007. CD4 T cell epitopes associated with protective immunity induced following vaccination of mice with an ehrlichia variable outer membrane protein. Infect. Immun. 75: 5453-5459.
22. Sotomayor, E.A. et al. 2001. Animal model of fatal human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis. Am. J. Pathol. 158: 757-769.
23. Munderloh, U.G. et al. 2004. Infection of endothelial cells with Anaplasma marginale and A. phagocytophilum. Vet. Microbiol. 101: 53-64.
24. Vachiery, N. et al. 1998. Inhibition of MHC class I and class II cell surface expression on bovine endothe-lial cells upon infection with Cowdria ruminantium. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 61: 37-48.
25. Singu, V., H. Liu, C. Cheng & R. Ganta. 2005. Ehrlichia chaffeensis expressed macrophage- and tick cell-specific 28-kilodalton outer membrane proteins. Infect. Immun. 73: 79-87.
26. Lohr, C.V. et al. 2002. Expression of Anaplasma marginale Major Surface Protein 2 operon-associated proteins during mammalian and arthropod infection. Infect. Immun. 70: 6005-6012.
27. Popov, V.L. et al. 1995. Ultrastructural variation of cultured Ehrlichia chaffeensis. J. Med. Microbiol. 43: 411-421.
28. Popov, V.L. et al. 1998. Ultrastructural differentiation of the genogroups in the genus Ehrlichia. J. Med. Microbiol. 47: 235-251.
29. Zhang, J.Z. et al. 2007. The developmental cycle of Ehrlichia chaffeensis in vertebrate cells. Cell Microbiol. 9: 610-618.