The DRD4 exon 3 VNTR polymorphism and addiction-related phenotypes: A review

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior

Volumn 93, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 222-229

  McGeary, John ^a  

^a BROWN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

Addiction; Alcohol; Candidate gene; DRD4; Genetic association; Heroin; Intermediate phenotype; Methamphetamine; Smoking

Indexed keywords

DOPAMINE 4 RECEPTOR;

ADDICTION; ALCOHOLISM; CELL ASSAY; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; GENETIC POLYMORPHISM; GENETIC VARIABILITY; GENOTYPE; HEROIN DEPENDENCE; HETEROZYGOTE; HUMAN; NEUROIMAGING; OPIATE ADDICTION; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN LOCALIZATION; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR; SEX DIFFERENCE; TOBACCO DEPENDENCE;

BEHAVIOR; BEHAVIOR, ADDICTIVE; HUMANS; MINISATELLITE REPEATS; PERSONALITY; POLYMORPHISM, GENETIC; RECEPTORS, DOPAMINE D4;

EID: 67649425351     PISSN: 00913057     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2009.03.010     Document Type: Review

References (62)

1. Ballon N., Leroy S., Roy C., Bourdel M.C., Olie J.P., Charles-Nicolas A., et al. Polymorphisms TaqI A of the DRD2, BalI of the DRD3, exon III repeat of the DRD4, and 3′ UTR VNTR of the DAT: association with childhood ADHD in male African-Caribbean cocaine dependents?. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 144B 8 (2007) 1034-1041 [Dec 5]
2. Blokland G.A., McMahon K.L., Hoffman J., Zhu G., Meredith M., Martin N.G., et al. Quantifying the heritability of task-related brain activation and performance during the N-back working memory task: a twin fMRI study. Biol Psychol 79 1 (2008) 70-79 [Sep]
3. Braus D.F., Wrase J., Grüsser S., Hermann D., Ruf M., Flor H., et al. Alcohol-associated stimuli activate the ventral striatum in abstinent alcoholics. J Neural Transm 108 7 (2001) 887-894
4. Breiter H.C., Gollub R.L., Weisskoff R.M., Kennedy D.N., Makris N., Berke J.D., et al. Acute effects of cocaine on human brain activity and emotion. Neuron 19 3 (1997) 591-611 [Sep]
5. Cevoli S., Mochi M., Scapoli C., Marzocchi N., Pierangeli G., Pini L.A., et al. A genetic association study of dopamine metabolism-related genes and chronic headache with drug abuse. Eur J Neurol 13 9 (2006) 1009-1013 [Sep]
6. Chang F.M., Ko H.C., Lu R.B., Pakstis A.J., and Kidd K.K. The dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) is not associated with alcoholism in three Taiwanese populations: six polymorphisms tested separately and as haplotypes. Biol Psychiatry 41 4 (1997) 394-405 [Feb 15]
7. Chen C.K., Hu X., Lin S.K., Sham P.C., Loh el-W, Li T., et al. Association analysis of dopamine D2-like receptor genes and methamphetamine abuse. Psychiatr Genet 14 4 (2004) 223-226 [Dec]
8. Comings D.E., Gade-Andavolu R., Gonzalez N., Wu S., Muhleman D., Chen C., et al. The additive effect of neurotransmitter genes in pathological gambling. Clin Genet 60 2 (2001) 107-116 [Aug]
9. Comings D.E., Gonzalez N., Wu S., Gade R., Muhleman D., Saucier G., et al. Studies of the 48 bp repeat polymorphism of the DRD4 gene in impulsive, compulsive, addictive behaviors: Tourette syndrome, ADHD, pathological gambling, and substance abuse. Am J Med Genet 88 4 (1999) 358-368 [Aug 20]
10. David S.P., Munafò M.R., Murphy M.F., Proctor M., Walton R.T., and Johnstone E.C. Genetic variation in the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene and smoking cessation: follow-up of a randomised clinical trial of transdermal nicotine patch. Pharmacogenomics J 8 2 (2008) 122-128 [Apr]
11. Ding Y.C., Chi H.C., Grady D.L., Morishima A., Kidd J.R., Kidd K.K., et al. Evidence of positive selection acting at the human dopamine receptor D4 gene locus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99 1 (2002) 309-314 [Jan 8]
12. Filbey F.M., Ray L., Smolen A., Claus E.D., Audette A., and Hutchison K.E. Differential neural response to alcohol priming and alcohol taste cues is associated with DRD4 VNTR and OPRM1 genotypes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 32 7 (2008) 1113-1123 [Jul]
13. Franke P., Nöthen M.M., Wang T., Knapp M., Lichtermann D., Neidt H., et al. DRD4 exon III VNTR polymorphism-susceptibility factor for heroin dependence? Results of a case-control and a family-based association approach. Mol Psychiatry 5 1 (2000) 101-104 [Jan]
14. Franke P., Wang T., Nöthen M.M., Knapp M., Neith H., Lichtermann D., et al. DRD4 exon III VNTR polymorphism: a case-control and family-based association approach. Addiction Biology 5 1 (2000) 289-295 [Jan]
15. Garavan H., Pankiewicz J., Bloom A., Cho J.K., Sperry L., Ross T.J., et al. Cue-induced cocaine craving: neuroanatomical specificity for drug users and drug stimuli. Am J Psychiatry 157 11 (2000) 1789-1798 [Nov]
16. Geijer T., Jönsson E., Neiman J., Persson M.L., Brené S., Gyllander A., et al. Tyrosine hydroxylase and dopamine D4 receptor allelic distribution in Scandinavian chronic alcoholics. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 21 1 (1997) 35-39 [Feb]
17. George S.R., Cheng R., Nguyen T., Israel Y., and O'Dowd B.F. Polymorphisms of the D4 dopamine receptor alleles in chronic alcoholism. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 196 1 (1993) 107-114 [Oct 15]
18. Gottesman I.I., and Gould T.D. The endophenotype concept in psychiatry: etymology and strategic intentions. Am J Psychiatry 160 4 (2003) 636-645 [Apr]
19. Grady D.L., Chi H.C., Ding Y.C., Smith M., Wang E., Schuck S., et al. High prevalence of rare dopamine receptor D4 alleles in children diagnosed with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. Mol Psychiatry 8 5 (2003) 536-545 [May]
20. Green A.E., Munafò M.R., DeYoung C.G., Fossella J.A., Fan J., and Gray J.R. Using genetic data in cognitive neuroscience: from growing pains to genuine insights. Nat Rev Neurosci 9 9 (2008) 710-720 [Sep]
21. Hopfer C.J., Timberlake D., Haberstick B., Lessem J.M., Ehringer M.A., Smolen A., et al. Genetic influences on quantity of alcohol consumed by adolescents and young adults. Drug Alcohol Depend 78 2 (2005) 187-193 [May 9]
22. Hutchison K.E., LaChance H., Niaura R., Bryan A., and Smolen A. The DRD4 VNTR polymorphism influences reactivity to smoking cues. J Abnorm Psychol 111 1 (2002) 134-143 [Feb]
23. Hutchison K.E., McGeary J., Smolen A., Bryan A., and Swift R.M. The DRD4 VNTR polymorphism moderates craving after alcohol consumption. Health Psychol 21 2 (2002) 139-146 [Mar]
24. Hutchison K.E., Ray L., Sandman E., Rutter M.C., Peters A., Davidson D., et al. The effect of olanzapine on craving and alcohol consumption. Neuropsychopharmacology 31 6 (2006) 1310-1317 [Jun]
25. Hutchison K.E., Wooden A., Swift R.M., Smolen A., McGeary J., Adler L., et al. Olanzapine reduces craving for alcohol: a DRD4 VNTR polymorphism by pharmacotherapy interaction. Neuropsychopharmacology 28 10 (2003) 1882-1888 [Oct]
26. Ishiguro H., Saito T., Shibuya H., and Arinami T. Association study between genetic polymorphisms in the 14-3-3 eta chain and dopamine D4 receptor genes and alcoholism. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 24 3 (2000) 343-347 [Mar]
27. Kotler M., Cohen H., Segman R., Gritsenko I., Nemanov L., Lerer B., et al. Excess dopamine D4 receptor (D4DR) exon III seven repeat allele in opioid-dependent subjects. Mol Psychiatry 2 3 (1997) 251-254 [May]
28. Kuntsi J., McLoughlin G., and Asherson P. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Neuromolecular Med 8 4 (2006) 461-484
29. Lahti J., Räikkönen K., Ekelund J., Peltonen L., Raitakari O.T., and Keltikangas-Järvinen L. Novelty seeking: interaction between parental alcohol use and dopamine D4 receptor gene exon III polymorphism over 17 years. Psychiatr Genet 15 2 (2005) 133-139 [Jun]
30. Laucht M., Becker K., El-Faddagh M., Hohm E., and Schmidt M.H. Association of the DRD4 exon III polymorphism with smoking in fifteen-year-olds: a mediating role for novelty seeking?. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 44 5 (2005) 477-484 [May]
31. Laucht M., Becker K., Frank J., Schmidt M.H., Esser G., Treutlein J., et al. Genetic variation in dopamine pathways differentially associated with smoking progression in adolescence. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 47 6 (2008) 673-681 [Jun]
32. Li T., Chen C.K., Hu X., Ball D., Lin S.K., Chen W., et al. Association analysis of the DRD4 and COMT genes in methamphetamine abuse. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 129 B(1) (2004) 120-124 [Aug 15]
33. Li T., Xu K., Deng H., Cai G., Liu J., Liu X., et al. Association analysis of the dopamine D4 gene exon III VNTR and heroin abuse in Chinese subjects. Mol Psychiatry 2 5 (1997) 413-416 [Sep]
34. Li T., Zhu Z.H., Liu X., Hu X., Zhao J., Sham P.C., et al. Association analysis of polymorphisms in the DRD4 gene and heroin abuse in Chinese subjects. Am J Med Genet 96 5 (2000) 616-621 [Oct 9]
35. Mackillop J., Menges D.P., McGeary J.E., and Lisman S.A. Effects of craving and DRD4 VNTR genotype on the relative value of alcohol: an initial human laboratory study. Behav Brain Funct 3 (2007) 11 [Feb 19]
36. McClernon F.J., Hutchison K.E., Rose J.E., and Kozink R.V. DRD4 VNTR polymorphism is associated with transient fMRI-BOLD responses to smoking cues. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 194 4 (2007) 433-441 [Nov]
37. McGeary J.E., Monti P.M., Rohsenow D.J., Tidey J., Swift R., and Miranda Jr. R. Genetic moderators of naltrexone's effects on alcohol cue reactivity. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 30 8 (2006) 1288-1296 [Aug]
38. Mulcrone J., and Kerwin R.W. The regional pattern of D4 gene expression in human brain. Neurosci Lett 234 2-3 (1997) 147-150 [Oct 3]
39. Munafò M.R., and Johnstone E.C. Smoking status moderates the association of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene VNTR polymorphism with selective processing of smoking-related cues. Addict Biol (2008) [Mar 7]
40. Munafò M.R., Yalcin B., Willis-Owen S.A., and Flint J. Association of the dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene and approach-related personality traits: meta-analysis and new data. Biol Psychiatry 63 2 (2008) 197-206 [Jan 15]
41. Muramatsu T., Higuchi S., Murayama M., Matsushita S., and Hayashida M. Association between alcoholism and the dopamine D4 receptor gene. J Med Genet 33 2 (1996) 113-115 [Feb]
42. Myrick H., Anton R.F., Li X., Henderson S., Drobes D., Voronin K., et al. Differential brain activity in alcoholics and social drinkers to alcohol cues: relationship to craving. Neuropsychopharmacology 29 2 (2004) 393-402 [Feb]
43. Namkoong K., Cheon K.A., Kim J.W., Jun J.Y., and Lee J.Y. Association study of dopamine D2, D4 receptor gene, GABAA receptor beta subunit gene, serotonin transporter gene polymorphism with children of alcoholics in Korea: a preliminary study. Alcohol 42 2 (2008) 77-81 [Mar]
44. Oak J.N., Oldenhof J., and Van Tol H.H. The dopamine D(4) receptor: one decade of research. Eur J Pharmacol 405 1-3 (2000) 303-327 [Sep 29]
45. Parsian A., and Zhang Z.H. Human chromosomes 11p15 and 4p12 and alcohol dependence: possible association with the GABRB1 gene. Am J Med Genet 88 5 (1999) 533-538 [Oct 15]
46. Ray L., Bryan A., Mackillop J., McGeary J., Hesterberg K., and Hutchison K.E. The dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) gene exon III polymorphism, problematic alcohol use, and novelty seeking: direct and mediated genetic effects. Addict Biol (2008) [Aug 19., Electronic publication ahead of print]
47. Ray L, Miranda R, Tidey J, McGeary J, Mackillop J, Gwaltney C, et al. Polymorphisms of the μ-opioid receptor (OPRM1) and Dopamine D4 receptor (DRD4) genes and subjective responses to alcohol in the natural environment. J. Abnorm. Psychology in press.
48. Reist C., Ozdemir V., Wang E., Hashemzadeh M., Mee S., and Moyzis R. Novelty seeking and the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4) revisited in Asians: haplotype characterization and relevance of the 2-repeat allele. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 144 B(4) (2007) 453-457 [Jun 5]
49. Rodríguez S., Huang S., Chen X.H., Gaunt T.R., Syddall H.E., Gilg J.A., et al. A study of TH01 and IGF2-INS-TH haplotypes in relation to smoking initiation in three independent surveys. Pharmacogenet Genomics 16 1 (2006) 15-23 [Jan]
50. Roman T., Bau C.H.D., and Almeida S Hutz M.H. Lack of association of the dopamine D4 receptor gene polymorphism with alcoholism in a Brazilian population. Addiction Biology 4 (1999) 203-207
51. Shao C., Li Y., Jiang K., Zhang D., Xu Y., Lin L., et al. Dopamine D4 receptor polymorphism modulates cue-elicited heroin craving in Chinese. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 186 2 (2006) 185-190 [Jun]
52. Shields P.G., Lerman C., Audrain J., Bowman E.D., Main D., Boyd N.R., et al. Dopamine D4 receptors and the risk of cigarette smoking in African-Americans and Caucasians. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 7 6 (1998) 453-458 [Jun]
53. Skowronek M.H., Laucht M., Hohm E., Becker K., and Schmidt M.H. Interaction between the dopamine D4 receptor and the serotonin transporter promoter polymorphisms in alcohol and tobacco use among 15-year-olds. Neurogenetics 7 4 (2006) 239-246 [Nov]
54. Sobik L., Hutchison K., and Craighead L. Cue-elicited craving for food: a fresh approach to the study of binge eating. Appetite 44 3 (2005) 253-261 [Jun]
55. Szilagyi A., Boór K., Székely A., Gaszner P., Kalász H., Sasvári-Székely M., et al. Combined effect of promoter polymorphisms in the dopamine D4 receptor and the serotonin transporter genes in heroin dependence. Neuropsychopharmacol Hung 7 1 (2005) 28-33 [Mar]
56. Tidey J.W., Monti P.M., Rohsenow D.J., Gwaltney C.J., Miranda Jr. R., McGeary J.E., et al. Moderators of naltrexone's effects on drinking, urge, and alcohol effects in non-treatment-seeking heavy drinkers in the natural environment. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 32 1 (2008) 58-66 [Jan]
57. Tsai S.J., Cheng C.Y., Shu L.R., Yang C.Y., Pan C.W., Liou Y.J., et al. No association for D2 and D4 dopamine receptor polymorphisms and methamphetamine abuse in Chinese males. Psychiatr Genet 12 1 (2002) 29-33 [Mar]
58. van den Wildenberg E., Janssen R.G., Hutchison K.E., van Breukelen G.J., and Wiers R.W. Polymorphisms of the dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4 VNTR) and cannabinoid CB1 receptor gene (CNR1) are not strongly related to cue-reactivity after alcohol exposure. Addict Biol 12 2 (2007) 210-220 [Jun]
59. Van Tol H.H., Wu C.M., Guan H.C., Ohara K., Bunzow J.R., Civelli O., et al. Multiple dopamine D4 receptor variants in the human population. Nature 358 6382 (1992) 149-152 [Jul 9]
60. Vandenbergh D.J., O'Connor R.J., Grant M.D., Jefferson A.L., Vogler G.P., Strasser A.A., et al. Dopamine receptor genes (DRD2, DRD3 and DRD4) and gene-gene interactions associated with smoking-related behaviors. Addict Biol 12 1 (2007) 106-116 [Mar]
61. Vandenbergh D.J., Rodriguez L.A., Hivert E., Schiller J.H., Villareal G., Pugh E.W., et al. Long forms of the dopamine receptor (DRD4) gene VNTR are more prevalent in substance abusers: no interaction with functional alleles of the catechol-o-methyltransferase (COMT) gene. Am J Med Genet 96 5 (2000) 678-683 [Oct 9]
62. Wang E., Ding Y.C., Flodman P., Kidd J.R., Kidd K.K., Grady D.L., et al. The genetic architecture of selection at the human dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4) gene locus. Am J Hum Genet 74 5 (2004) 931-944 [May]