Synoptic scale wave breaking and its potential to drive NAO-like circulation dipoles: A simplified GCM approach

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Volumn 135, Issue 638, 2009, Pages 1-19

  Kunz, Torben ^a   Fraedrich, Klaus ^a   Lunkeit, Frank ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF HAMBURG   (Germany)

Author keywords

Eddy driven jet; North Atlantic Oscillation; Rossby wave breaking

Indexed keywords

BAROTROPIC; EDDY-DRIVEN JET; HORIZONTAL DEFORMATION; ISENTROPIC MAPS; MEAN LIFETIME; MERIDIONAL CIRCULATION; NEGATIVE PHASE; NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATIONS; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; ROSSBY WAVE BREAKING; STRATOSPHERIC POLAR VORTEX; SYNOPTIC EVOLUTION; WAVEBREAKING;

ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE; ELECTRIC CIRCUIT BREAKERS; JETS; OCEAN CURRENTS;

ARCTIC ENGINEERING;

ANTICYCLONE; ATMOSPHERIC CIRCULATION; ATMOSPHERIC GENERAL CIRCULATION MODEL; BAROTROPIC MOTION; EDDY; JET FLOW; MERIDIONAL CIRCULATION; NORTH ATLANTIC OSCILLATION; POLAR VORTEX; POTENTIAL VORTICITY; ROSSBY WAVE; SPATIAL VARIATION; STRATOSPHERE; SYNOPTIC METEOROLOGY; TEMPORAL VARIATION; TROPOSPHERE; WAVE BREAKING;

EID: 67649419180     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/qj.351     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Abatzoglou JT, Magnusdottir G. 2006. Opposing effects of reflective and nonreflective planetary wave breaking on the NAO. J. Atmos. Sci. 63: 3448-3457.
2. Ambaum MHP, Hoskins BJ, Stephenson DB. 2001. Arctic oscillation or North Atlantic oscillation. J. Climate 14: 3495-3507.
3. Appenzeller C, Davies HC. 1992. Structure of stratospheric intrusions into the troposphere. Nature 358: 570-572.
4. Baldwin MP. 2003. Comment on "Tropospheric response to stratospheric perturbations in a relatively simple general circulation model" by Lorenzo M. Polvani and Paul J. Kushner. Geophys. Res. Lett. 30: 1812, doi:10.1029/2003GL017793.
5. Baldwin MP, Cheng X, Dunkerton TJ. 1994. Observed correlations between winter-mean tropospheric and stratospheric circulation anomalies. Geophys. Res. Lett. 21: 1141-1144.
6. Baldwin MP, Dunkerton TJ. 1999. Propagation of the Arctic Oscillation from the stratosphere to the troposphere. J. Geophys. Res. 104: 30 937-30 946.
7. Benedict JJ, Lee S, Feldstein SB. 2004. Synoptic view of the North Atlantic oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci. 61: 121-144.
8. Blessing S, Fraedrich K, Junge M, Kunz T, Lunkeit F. 2005. Daily North-Atlantic oscillation (NAO) index: statistics and its stratospheric polar vortex dependence. Meteorol. Zeitschrift 14: 763-769.
9. Charlton AJ, O'Neill A, Lahoz WA, Massacand AC. 2004. Sensitivity of tropospheric forecasts to stratospheric initial conditions. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 130: 1771-1792.
10. Esler JG, Haynes PH. 1999. Baroclinic wave breaking and the internal variability of the tropospheric circulation. J. Atmos. Sci. 56: 4014-4031.
11. Feldstein SB. 2000. The timescale, power spectra, and climate noise properties of teleconnection patterns. J. Climate 13: 4430-4440.
12. Feldstein SB. 2003. The dynamics of NAO teleconnection pattern growth and decay. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 129: 901-924.
13. Feldstein SB, Franzke C. 2006. Are the North Atlantic oscillation and the northern annular mode distinguishable? J. Atmos. Sci. 63: 2915-2930.
14. Fraedrich K, Kirk E, Luksch U, Lunkeit F. 2005. The portable university model of the atmosphere (PUMA): Storm track dynamics and low-frequency variability. Meteorol. Zeitschrift 14: 735-745.
15. Fraedrich K, Kirk E, Lunkeit F. 1998. Portable University Model of the Atmosphere. Technical Report 16, DKRZ.
16. Franzke C, Lee S, Feldstein SB. 2004. Is the North Atlantic oscillation a breaking wave? J. Atmos. Sci. 61: 145-160.
17. Frisius T, Lunkeit F, Fraedrich K, James IA. 1998. Storm-track organization and variability in a simplified atmospheric global circulation model (SGCM). Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 124: 1019-1043.
18. Gerber EP, Voronin S, Polvani LM. 2008. Testing the annular mode autocorrelation timescale in simple atmospheric general circulation models. Mon. Weath. Rev. 136: 1523-1536.
19. Haines K, Marshall JC. 1987. Eddy-forced coherent structures as a prototype of atmospheric blocking. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 113: 681-704.
20. Hartmann DL, Lo F. 1998. Wave-driven zonal flow vacillation in the southern hemisphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 55: 1303-1315.
21. Hartmann DL, Zuercher P. 1998. Response of baroclinic life cycles to barotropic shear. J. Atmos. Sci. 55: 297-313.
22. Held IM, Suarez MJ. 1994. A proposal for the intercomparison of the dynamical cores of atmospheric general circulation models. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 75: 1825-1830.
23. Hurrell JW. 1995. Decadal trends in the North Atlantic oscillation: Regional temperatures and precipitation. Science 269: 676-679.
24. Hurrell JW, Kushnir Y, Ottersen G, Visbeck M (eds). 2003. The North Atlantic oscillation: Climate significance and environmental impact. Geophys. Monogr., vol. 134. Amer. Geophys. Union. 279pp.
25. Illary L. 1984. A diagnostic study of the potential vorticity in a warm blocking anticyclone. J. Atmos. Sci. 41: 3518-3526.
26. Kunz T, Fraedrich K, Lunkeit F. 2009. Response of baroclinic wave life cycles to stratospheric flow conditions. J. Atmos. Sci. In press.
27. Kushner PJ, Polvani LM. 2004. Stratosphere-troposphere coupling in a relatively simple AGCM: The role of eddies. J. Climate 17: 629-639.
28. Lorenz DJ, Hartmann DL. 2001. Eddy-zonal flow feedback in the southern hemisphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 58: 3312-3327.
29. Luo D. 2005. A barotropic envelope Rossby soliton model for blockeddy interaction. Part I: Effect of topography. J. Atmos. Sci. 62: 5-21.
30. Martius O, Schwierz C, Davies HC. 2007. Breaking waves at the tropopause in the wintertime northern hemisphere: Climatological analyses of the orientation and the theoretical LC1/2 classification. J. Atmos. Sci. 64: 2576-2592.
31. McIntyre ME, Palmer TN. 1983. Breaking planetary waves in the stratosphere. Nature 305: 593-600.
32. McIntyre ME, Palmer TN. 1985. A note on the general concept of wave breaking for Rossby and gravity waves. Pure Appl. Geophys. 123: 964-975.
33. Nakamura M, Plumb RA. 1994. The effects of flow asymmetry on the direction of Rossby wave breaking. J. Atmos. Sci. 51: 2031-2045.
34. Orlanski I. 2003. Bifurcation of eddy life cycles: Implications for storm track variability. J. Atmos. Sci. 60: 993-1023.
35. Pelly JL, Hoskins BJ. 2003. A new perspective on blocking. J. Atmos. Sci. 60: 743-755.
36. Peters D, Waugh DW. 1996. Influence of barotropic shear on the poleward advection of upper-tropospheric air. J. Atmos. Sci. 53: 3013-3031.
37. Polvani LM, Kushner PJ. 2002. Tropospheric response to stratospheric perturbations in a relatively simple general circulation model. Geophys. Res. Lett. 29: 1114, doi:10.1029/2001GL014 284.
38. Rivière G, Orlanski I. 2007. Characteristics of the Atlantic storm-track activity and its relation with the North Atlantic oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci. 64: 241-266.
39. Scinocca JF, Haynes PH. 1998. Dynamical forcing of stratospheric planetary waves by tropospheric baroclinic eddies. J. Atmos. Sci. 55: 2361-2392.
40. Shabbar A, Huang J, Higuchi K. 2001. The relation between the wintertime North Atlantic oscillation and blocking episodes in the North Atlantic. Int. J. Climatol. 21: 355-369.
41. Shutts GJ. 1983. The propagation of eddies in diffluent jetstreams: eddy vorticity forcing of 'blocking' flow fields. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 109: 737-761.
42. Thompson DWJ, Wallace JM. 1998. The Arctic Oscillation signature in the wintertime geopotential height and temperature fields. Geophys. Res. Lett. 25: 1297-1300.
43. Thorncroft CD, Hoskins BJ. 1990. Frontal cyclogenesis. J. Atmos. Sci. 47: 2317-2336.
44. Thorncroft CD, Hoskins BJ, McIntyre ME. 1993. Two paradigms of baroclinic-wave life-cycle behaviour. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 119: 17-55.
45. Vallis GK, Gerber EP, Kushner PJ, Cash BA. 2004. A mechanism and simple dynamical model of the North Atlantic oscillation and annular modes. J. Atmos. Sci. 61: 264-280.
46. Wallace JM. 2000. North Atlantic oscillation/annular mode: Two paradigms-one phenomenon. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. 126: 791-805.
47. Waugh DW, Plumb RA, Atkinson RJ, Schoeberl MR, Lait LR, Newman PA, Loewenstein M, Webster CR, May RD. 1994. Transport of material out of the stratospheric Arctic vortex through Rossby wave breaking. J. Geophys. Res. 99: 1071-1088.
48. Whitaker JS, Snyder C. 1993. The effects of spherical geometry on the evolution of baroclinic waves. J. Atmos. Sci. 50: 597-612.
49. Wittman MAH, Charlton AJ, Polvani LM. 2007. The effect of lower stratospheric shear on baroclinic instability. J. Atmos. Sci. 64: 479-496.
50. Wittman MAH, Polvani LM, Scott RK, Charlton AJ. 2004. Stratospheric influence on baroclinic lifecycles and its connection to the Arctic Oscillation. Geophys. Res. Lett. 31: L16 113, doi:10.1029/ 2004GL020 503.
51. Woollings T, Hoskins B, Blackburn M, Berrisford P. 2008. A new Rossby wavebreaking interpretation of the North Atlantic oscillation. J. Atmos. Sci. 65: 609-626.
52. Yu JY, Hartmann DL. 1993. Zonal flow vacillation and eddy forcing in a simple GCM of the atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci. 50: 3244-3259.