Wave-driven zonal flow vacillation in the Southern Hemisphere

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences

Volumn 55, Issue 8, 1998, Pages 1303-1315

  Hartmann, Dennis L ^a   Lo, Fiona ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CORRELATION METHODS; DRAG; JETS; METEOROLOGY;

BAROTROPIC VARIATIONS; GAUSSIAN RED NOISE; ZONAL MEAN FLOW;

WIND;

FLOW; WAVE PROPAGATION; WIND;

EDDIES; SOUTHERN HEMISPHERE; WAVE PROPAGATION; ZONAL FLOW; ZONAL WIND;

EID: 0032052424     PISSN: 00224928     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0469(1998)055<1303:WDZFVI>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Branstator, G., 1984: The relationship between zonal mean flow and quasi-stationary waves in the midtroposphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 2163-2178.
2. Davies, H. C., C. Schär, and H. Wernli, 1991: The palette of fronts and cyclones within a baroclinic wave development. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1666-1689.
3. Dong, B. W., and I. N. James, 1997a: The effect of barotropic shear on baroclinic instability. 1. Normal mode problem. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 25, 143-167.
4. _, and _, 1997b: The effect of barotropic shear on baroclinic instability. 2. The initial value problem. Dyn. Atmos. Oceans, 25, 169-190.
5. Edmon, H. J., Jr., B. J. Hoskins, and M. E. McIntyre, 1980: Eliassen-Palm cross sections for the troposphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 2600-2616; Corrigendum, 38, 1115.
6. Feldstein, S. B., and W. A. Robinson, 1994: Comments on "Spatial structure of ultra-low frequency variability of the flow in a simple atmospheric circulation model". Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 120, 739-745.
7. _, and S. Lee, 1996: Mechanisms of zonal index variability in an aquaplanet GCM. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3541-3555.
8. Gall, R. L., 1976: Structural change of growing baroclinic waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 374-390.
9. Hartmann, D.-L., 1995: A PV view of zonal flow vacillation. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 2561-2576.
10. _, and P. Zuercher, 1998: Response of baroclinic life cycles to barotropic shear. J. Atmos. Sci., 55, 297-313.
11. Held, I. M., 1975: Momentum transport by quasi-geostrophic eddies. J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1494-1497.
12. _, and D. G. Andrews, 1983: On the direction of the eddy momentum flux in baroclinic instability. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 2220-2231.
13. Hoskins, B. J., I. N. James, and G. H. White, 1983: The shape, propagation and mean-flow interaction of large-scale weather systems. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 1595-1612.
14. James, I. N., 1987: Suppression of baroclinic instability in horizontally sheared flows. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 3710-3720.
15. _, and P. M. James, 1992: Spatial structure of ultra-low-frequency variability of the flow in a simple atmospheric circulation model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 118, 1211-1233.
16. James, P. M., K. Fraedrich, and I. N. James, 1994: Wave-zonal flow interaction and ultra-low frequency variability of the flow in a simple atmospheric circulation model. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 120, 1045-1067.
17. Karoly, D. J., 1990: The role of transient eddies in low-frequency zonal variations in the Southern Hemisphere circulation. Tellus, 42A, 41-50.
18. Kidson, J. W., 1988: Indices of the Southern Hemisphere zonal wind. J. Climate, 1, 183-194.
19. Lee, S., and S. Feldstein, 1996: Two types of wave breaking in an aquaplanet GCM. J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 842-857.
20. Lo, F., 1996: Zonal flow vacillation: The interaction between eddies and the zonal mean flow. M.S. thesis, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Washington, 72 pp.
21. McIntyre, M. E., 1970: On the non-separable baroclinic parallel flow instability problem. J. Fluid Mech., 40, 273-306.
22. Nakamura, M., and R. A. Plumb, 1994: The effects of flow asymmetry on the direction of Rossby wave breaking. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2031-2045.
23. Nakamura, N., 1993: Momentum flux, flow symmetry, and the nonlinear barotropic governor. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 2159-2179.
24. Nigam, S., 1990: On the structure of variability of the observed tropospheric and stratospheric zonal-mean wind. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 1799-1813.
25. North, G., T. Bell, R. Cahalan, and F. Moeng, 1982: Sampling errors in the estimation of empirical orthogonal functions. Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 699-706.
26. Peixoto, J. P., and A. H. Oort, 1992: Physics of Climate. American Institute of Physics, 520 pp.
27. Pfeffer, R. L., 1987: Comparison of conventional and transformed Eulerian diagnostics in the troposphere. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 113, 237-254.
28. Randel, W. J., 1990: Coherent wave-zonal flow interactions in the troposphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 439-456.
29. Rhines, P. B., 1975: Waves and turbulence on a β-plane. J. Fluid Mech., 69, 417-443.
30. Robinson, W. A., 1991: The dynamics of the zonal index in a simple model of the atmosphere. Tellus, 43A, 295-305.
31. _, 1996: Does eddy feedback sustain variability in the zonal index? J. Atmos. Sci., 53, 3556-3569.
32. Rossby, C.-G., 1939: Relation between variations in the intensity of the zonal circulation of the atmosphere and the displacements of the semi-permanent centers of action. J. Mar. Res., 2, 38-55.
33. Shiotani, M., 1990: Low-frequency variations of the zonal mean state of the Southern Hemisphere troposphere. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 68, 461-470.
34. Simmons, A. J., and B. J. Hoskins, 1980: Barotropic influences on the growth and decay of nonlinear baroclinic waves. J. Atmos. Sci., 37, 1679-1684.
35. Thorncroft, C. D., B. J. Hoskins, and M. E. McIntyre, 1993: Two paradigms of baroclinic life-cycle behaviour. Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., 119, 17-55.
36. Trenberth, K. E., 1984: Interannual variability of the Southern Hemisphere circulation: Representativeness of the year of the Global Weather Experiment. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 108-125.
37. Wallace, J. M., and H.-H. Hsu, 1985: Another look at the index cycle. Tellus, 37A, 478-486.
38. Webster, P. J., and J. L. Keller, 1975: Atmospheric variations: Vacillations and index cycles. J. Atmos. Sci., 32, 1283-1300.
39. Yoden, S., M. Shiotani, and I. Hirota, 1987: Multiple planetary flow regimes in the Southern Hemisphere. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 65, 571-585.
40. Yu, J.-Y., and D. L. Hartmann, 1993: Zonal flow vacillation and eddy forcing in a simple GCM of the atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 50, 3244-3259.