VirB alleviates H-NS repression of the icsP promoter in Shigella flexneri from sites more than one kilobase upstream of the transcription start site

Journal of Bacteriology

Volumn 191, Issue 12, 2009, Pages 4047-4050

  Castellanos, Maria I ^a   Harrison, Dustin J ^a   Smith, Jennifer M ^a,b   Labahn, Stephanie K ^a   Levy, Karen M ^a   Wing, Helen J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA   (United States)

^b THOMAS JEFFERSON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BETA GALACTOSIDASE; HISTONE LIKE NUCLEOID STRUCTURING PROTEIN; VIRB PROTEIN; BACTERIAL PROTEIN; DNA BINDING PROTEIN; H NS PROTEIN, BACTERIA; H-NS PROTEIN, BACTERIA; SOPA PROTEIN, BACTERIA; VIRULENCE FACTOR;

ARTICLE; BINDING SITE; CONTROLLED STUDY; GENE; GENE REPRESSION; GENETIC TRANSCRIPTION; ICSP GENE; NONHUMAN; PLASMID; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROMOTER REGION; SHIGELLA FLEXNERI; SITE DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION SITE; DOWN REGULATION; ENZYMOLOGY; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; GENETICS; METABOLISM; MOLECULAR GENETICS; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE;

SHIGELLA; SHIGELLA FLEXNERI;

BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BASE SEQUENCE; DNA-BINDING PROTEINS; DOWN-REGULATION; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION, BACTERIAL; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; PROMOTER REGIONS, GENETIC; SHIGELLA FLEXNERI; TRANSCRIPTION INITIATION SITE; VIRULENCE FACTORS;

EID: 67549105464     PISSN: 00219193     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/JB.00313-09     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Adler, B., C. Sasakawa, T. Tobe, S. Makino, K. Komatsu, and M. Yoshikawa. 1989. A dual transcriptional activation system for the 230 kb plasmid genes coding for virulence-associated antigens of Shigella flexneri. Mol. Microbiol. 3:627-635. (Pubitemid 19211760)
2. Balleza, E., L. N. Lopez-Bojorquez, A. Martinez-Antonio, O. Resendis-Antonio, I. Lozada-Chavez, Y. I. Balderas-Martinez, S. Encarnacion, and J. Collado-Vides. 2009. Regulation by transcription factors in bacteria: beyond description. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 33:133-151.
3. Belitsky, B. R., and A. L. Sonenshein. 1999. An enhancer element located downstream of the major glutamate dehydrogenase gene of Bacillus subtilis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:10290-10295. (Pubitemid 29422551)
4. Beloin, C., and C. J. Dorman. 2003. An extended role for the nucleoid structuring protein H-NS in the virulence gene regulatory cascade of Shigella flexneri. Mol. Microbiol. 47:825-838. (Pubitemid 36114988)
5. Beloin, C., S. McKenna, and C. J. Dorman. 2002. Molecular dissection of VirB, a key regulator of the virulence cascade of Shigella flexneri. J. Biol. Chem. 277:15333-15344. (Pubitemid 34967795)
6. Berlutti, F., M. Casalino, C. Zagaglia, P. A. Fradiani, P. Visca, and M. Nicoletti. 1998. Expression of the virulence plasmid-carried apyrase gene (apy) of enteroinvasive Escherichia coli and Shigella flexneri is under the control of H-NS and the VirF and VirB regulatory cascade. Infect. Immun. 66:4957-4964.
7. Collado-Vides, J., B. Magasanik, and J. D. Gralla. 1991. Control site location and transcriptional regulation in Escherichia coli. Microbiol. Rev. 55: 371-394.
8. Egile, C., H. d'Hauteville, C. Parsot, and P. J. Sansonetti. 1997. SopA, the outer membrane protease responsible for polar localization of IcsA in Shigella flexneri. Mol. Microbiol. 23:1063-1073.
9. Falconi, M., B. Colonna, G. Prosseda, G. Micheli, and C. O. Gualerzi. 1998. Thermoregulation of Shigella and Escherichia coli EIEC pathogenicity. A temperature-dependent structural transition of DNA modulates accessibility of virF promoter to transcriptional repressor H-NS. EMBO J. 17:7033-7043.
10. Formal, S. B., G. J. Dammin, E. H. LaBrec, and H. Schneider. 1958. Experimental Shigella infections: characteristics of a fatal infection produced in guinea pigs. J. Bacteriol. 75:604-610.
11. Hritonenko, V., and C. Stathopoulos. 2007. Omptin proteins: an expanding family of outer membrane proteases in gram-negative Enterobacteriaceae. Mol. Membr. Biol. 24:395-406.
12. Hromockyj, A. E., S. C. Tucker, and A. T. Maurelli. 1992. Temperature regulation of Shigella virulence: identification of the repressor gene virR, an analogue of hns, and partial complementation by tyrosyl transfer RNA (tRNA1(Tyr)). Mol. Microbiol. 6:2113-2124.
13. Kim, S. K., and J. C. Wang. 1999. Gene silencing via protein-mediated subcellular localization of DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:8557-8561.
14. Kukkonen, M., and T. K. Korhonen. 2004. The omptin family of enterobacterial surface proteases/adhesins: from housekeeping in Escherichia coli to systemic spread of Yersinia pestis. Int. J. Med. Microbiol. 294:7-14. (Pubitemid 38915608)
15. Lie, T. J., and J. A. Leigh. 2007. Genetic screen for regulatory mutations in Methanococcus maripaludis and its use in identification of induction-deficient mutants of the euryarchaeal repressor NrpR. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:6595-6600.
16. Miller, J. 1972. Experiments in molecular genetics. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, Cold Spring Harbor, NY.
17. Porter, M. E., and C. J. Dorman. 1997. Differential regulation of the plasmid-encoded genes in the Shigella flexneri virulence regulon. Mol. Gen. Genet. 256:93-103.
18. Porter, M. E., and C. J. Dorman. 1994. A role for H-NS in the thermoosmotic regulation of virulence gene expression in Shigella flexneri. J. Bacteriol. 176:4187-4191. (Pubitemid 24191308)
19. Prosseda, G., P. A. Fradiani, M. Di Lorenzo, M. Falconi, G. Micheli, M. Casalino, M. Nicoletti, and B. Colonna. 1998. A role for H-NS in the regulation of the virF gene of Shigella and enteroinvasive Escherichia coli. Res. Microbiol. 149:15-25. (Pubitemid 28041272)
20. Reitzer, L. J., and B. Magasanik. 1986. Transcription of glnA in E. coli is stimulated by activator bound to sites far from the promoter. Cell 45:785-792.
21. Rine, J. 1999. On the mechanism of silencing in Escherichia coli. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96:8309-8311.
22. Rodionov, O., M. Lobocka, and M. Yarmolinsky. 1999. Silencing of genes flanking the P1 plasmid centromere. Science 283:546-549. (Pubitemid 129504623)
23. Rodionov, O., and M. Yarmolinsky. 2004. Plasmid partitioning and the spreading of P1 partition protein ParB. Mol. Microbiol. 52:1215-1223.
24. Rose, R. E. 1988. The nucleotide sequence of pACYC184. Nucleic Acid Res. 16:355.
25. Sakai, T., C. Sasakawa, and M. Yoshikawa. 1988. Expression of four virulence antigens of Shigella flexneri is positively regulated at the transcriptional level by the 30 kiloDalton virF protein. Mol. Microbiol. 2:589-597.
26. Santapaola, D., F. Del Chierico, A. Petrucca, S. Uzzau, M. Casalino, B. Colonna, R. Sessa, F. Berlutti, and M. Nicoletti. 2006. Apyrase, the product of the virulence plasmid-encoded phoN2 (apy) gene of Shigella flexneri, is necessary for proper unipolar IcsA localization and for efficient intercellular spread. J. Bacteriol. 188:1620-1627.
27. Shere, K. D., S. Sallustio, A. Manessis, T. G. D'Aversa, and M. B. Goldberg. 1997. Disruption of IcsP, the major Shigella protease that cleaves IcsA, accelerates actin-based motility. Mol. Microbiol. 25:451-462.
28. Steinhauer, J., R. Agha, T. Pham, A. W. Varga, and M. B. Goldberg. 1999. The unipolar Shigella surface protein IcsA is targeted directly to the bacterial old pole: IcsP cleavage of IcsA occurs over the entire bacterial surface. Mol. Microbiol. 32:367-377.
29. Stoebel, D. M., A. Free, and C. J. Dorman. 2008. Anti-silencing: overcoming H-NS-mediated repression of transcription in gram-negative enteric bacteria. Microbiology 154:2533-2545.
30. Taniya, T., J. Mitobe, S. Nakayama, Q. Mingshan, K. Okuda, and H. Watanabe. 2003. Determination of the InvE binding site required for expression of IpaB of the Shigella sonnei virulence plasmid: involvement of a ParB boxA-like sequence. J. Bacteriol. 185:5158-5165. (Pubitemid 37021977)
31. Tobe, T., S. Nagai, N. Okada, B. Adler, M. Yoshikawa, and C. Sasakawa. 1991. Temperature-regulated expression of invasion genes in Shigella flexneri is controlled through the transcriptional activation of the virB gene on the large plasmid. Mol. Microbiol. 5:887-893. (Pubitemid 21896112)
32. Turner, E. C., and C. J. Dorman. 2007. H-NS antagonism in Shigella flexneri by VirB, a virulence gene transcription regulator that is closely related to plasmid partition factors. J. Bacteriol. 189:3403-3413.
33. Uchiya, K., T. Tobe, K. Komatsu, T. Suzuki, M. Watarai, I. Fukuda, M. Yoshikawa, and C. Sasakawa. 1995. Identification of a novel virulence gene, virA, on the large plasmid of Shigella, involved in invasion and intercellular spreading. Mol. Microbiol. 17:241-250.
34. Wing, H. J., A. W. Yan, S. R. Goldman, and M. B. Goldberg. 2004. Regulation of IcsP, the outer membrane protease of the Shigella actin tail assembly protein IcsA, by virulence plasmid regulators VirF and VirB. J. Bacteriol. 186:699-705.
35. Yarmolinsky, M. 2000. Transcriptional silencing in bacteria. Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 3:138-143.