Mood and cortisol responses following tryptophan-rich hydrolyzed protein and acute stress in healthy subjects with high and low cognitive reactivity to depression

Clinical Nutrition

Volumn 28, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 266-271

  Firk, Christine ^a   Markus, C Rob ^a  

^a MAASTRICHT UNIVERSITY   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Cognitive reactivity; Depression; Serotonergic vulnerability; Serotonin; Stress; Tryptophan augmentation

Indexed keywords

CASEIN; HYDROCORTISONE; PLACEBO; TRYPTOPHAN;

ACUTE STRESS; ADULT; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; COGNITION; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; COPING BEHAVIOR; CROSSOVER PROCEDURE; DEPRESSION; DIET THERAPY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; FEMALE; HORMONE RESPONSE; HUMAN; MALE; MOOD; POPULATION EXPOSURE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PROTEIN DIET; PROTEIN INTAKE; VULNERABLE POPULATION;

AFFECT; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; COGNITION; CROSS-OVER STUDIES; DEPRESSION; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; FEMALE; HUMANS; HYDROCORTISONE; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PROTEIN HYDROLYSATES; SALIVA; SEROTONIN; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; TRYPTOPHAN; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 67349234449     PISSN: 02615614     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2009.03.002     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Maes M., and Meltzer H.Y. The serotonin hypothesis of major depression. In: Bloom F.E., and Kupfer D.J. (Eds). Psychopharmacology: the fourth generation of progress (1995), Raven Press, New York 933-944
2. Neumeister A., Young T., and Stastny J. Implications of genetic research on the role of the serotonin in depression: emphasis on the serotonin type 1A receptor and the serotonin transporter. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 174 4 (2004) 512-524
3. Brown G.W., Bifulco A., and Harris T.O. Life events, vulnerability and onset of depression: some refinements. Br J Psychiatry 150 (1987) 30-42
4. Heim C., and Nemeroff C.B. The role of childhood trauma in the neurobiology of mood and anxiety disorders: preclinical and clinical studies. Biol Psychiatry 49 12 (2001) 1023-1039
5. Van Praag H.M. Can stress cause depression?. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 28 5 (2004) 891-907
6. Caspi A., Sugden K., Moffitt T.E., Taylor A., Craig I.W., Harrington H., et al. Influence of life stress on depression: moderation by a polymorphism in the 5-HTT gene. Science 301 5631 (2003) 386-389
7. Arborelius L., Owens M.J., Plotsky P.M., and Nemeroff C.B. The role of corticotropin-releasing factor in depression and anxiety disorders. J Endocrinol 160 1 (1999) 1-12
8. Holsboer F. The corticosteroid receptor hypothesis of depression. Neuropsychopharmacology 23 5 (2000) 477-501
9. Firk C., and Markus C.R. Review: serotonin by stress interaction: a susceptibility factor for the development of depression?. J Psychopharmacol 21 5 (2007) 538-544
10. De Kloet E.R., Kovacs G.L., Szabo G., Telegdy G., Bohus B., and Versteeg D.H. Decreased serotonin turnover in the dorsal hippocampus of rat brain shortly after adrenalectomy: selective normalization after corticosterone substitution. Brain Res 239 2 (1982) 659-663
11. De Kloet E.R., Versteeg D.H., and Kovacs G.L. Aldosterone blocks the response to corticosterone in the raphe-hippocampal serotonin system. Brain Res 264 2 (1983) 323-327
12. Davis S., Heal D.J., and Stanford S.C. Long-lasting effects of an acute stress on the neurochemistry and function of 5-hydroxytryptaminergic neurones in the mouse brain. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 118 3 (1995) 267-272
13. Nuller J.L., and Ostroumova M.N. Resistance to inhibiting effect of dexamethasone in patients with endogenous depression. Acta Psychiatr Scand 61 2 (1980) 169-177
14. Van Praag H.M., de Kloet E.R., and Van Os J. Stress, the brain and depression (2004), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
15. Lopez J.F., Chalmers D.T., Little K.Y., and Watson S.J. A.E. Bennett Research Award. Regulation of serotonin1A, glucocorticoid, and mineralocorticoid receptor in rat and human hippocampus: implications for the neurobiology of depression. Biol Psychiatry 43 8 (1998) 547-573
16. Fuchs E., and Flugge G. Chronic social stress: effects on limbic brain structures. Physiol Behav 79 3 (2003) 417-427
17. Markus C.R. Food, stress and mood. In: Wadson D., and Dodds F. (Eds). Performance functional foods (2003), Woodhead Publishing Limited, Cambridge
18. Teasdale J.D. Cognitive vulnerability to persistent depression. Cognit Emotion 2 (1988) 247-274
19. Van der Does W. Cognitive reactivity to sad mood: structure and validity of a new measure. Behav Res Ther 40 1 (2002) 105-120
20. Lau M.A., Segal Z.V., and Williams J.M. Teasdale's differential activation hypothesis: implications for mechanisms of depressive relapse and suicidal behaviour. Behav Res Ther 42 9 (2004) 1001-1017
21. Segal Z.V., Gemar M., and Williams S. Differential cognitive response to a mood challenge following successful cognitive therapy or pharmacotherapy for unipolar depression. J Abnorm Psychol 108 1 (1999) 3-10
22. Segal Z.V., Kennedy S., Gemar M., Hood K., Pedersen R., and Buis T. Cognitive reactivity to sad mood provocation and the prediction of depressive relapse. Arch Gen Psychiatry 63 7 (2006) 749-755
23. Booij L., and Van der Does A.J. Cognitive and serotonergic vulnerability to depression: convergent findings. J Abnorm Psychol 116 1 (2007) 86-94
24. Young S.N., and Gauthier S. Effect of tryptophan administration on tryptophan, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid and indoleacetic acid in human lumbar and cisternal cerebrospinal fluid. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 44 4 (1981) 323-328
25. Curzon G. Effects of food intake on brain transmitter amine precursors and amine synthesis. In: Sandler M., and Silverstone T. (Eds). Psychopharmacology and food (1985), Oxford University Press, Oxford 59-70
26. Fernstrom J.D., and Wurtman R.J. Brain serotonin content: physiological dependence on plasma tryptophan levels. Science 173 992 (1971) 149-152
27. Fernstrom J.D., and Wurtman R.J. Brain serotonin content: physiological regulation by plasma neutral amino acids. Science 178 59 (1972) 414-416
28. Heine W., Radke M., Wutzke K.D., Peters E., and Kundt G. alpha-Lactalbumin-enriched low-protein infant formulas: a comparison to breast milk feeding. Acta Paediatr 85 9 (1996) 1024-1028
29. Markus C.R., Olivier B., and de Haan E.H. Whey protein rich in alpha-lactalbumin increases the ratio of plasma tryptophan to the sum of the other large neutral amino acids and improves cognitive performance in stress-vulnerable subjects. Am J Clin Nutr 75 6 (2002) 1051-1056
30. Markus C.R., Jonkman L.M., Lammers J.H., Deutz N.E., Messer M.H., and Rigtering N. Evening intake of alpha-lactalbumin increases plasma tryptophan availability and improves morning alertness and brain measures of attention. Am J Clin Nutr 81 5 (2005) 1026-1033
31. Merens W., Booij L., Markus R., Zitman F.G., Onkenhout W., and Van der Does A.J. The effects of a diet enriched with alpha-lactalbumin on mood and cortisol response in unmedicated recovered depressed subjects and controls. Br J Nutr 94 3 (2005) 415-422
32. Booij L., Merens W., Markus C.R., and Van der Does A.J. Diet rich in {alpha}-lactalbumin improves memory in unmedicated recovered depressed patients and matched controls. J Psychopharmacol 20 4 (2006) 526-535
33. Orosco M., Rouch C., Beslot F., Feurte S., Regnault A., and Dauge V. Alpha-lactalbumin-enriched diets enhance serotonin release and induce anxiolytic and rewarding effects in the rat. Behav Brain Res 148 1-2 (2004) 1-10
34. Markus C.R., Olivier B., Panhuysen G.E., Van Der Gugten J., Alles M.S., Tuiten A., et al. The bovine protein alpha-lactalbumin increases the plasma ratio of tryptophan to the other large neutral amino acids, and in vulnerable subjects raises brain serotonin activity, reduces cortisol concentration, and improves mood under stress. Am J Clin Nutr 71 6 (2000) 1536-1544
35. Markus C.R. Dietary amino acids and brain serotonin function; implications for stress-related affective changes. Neuromol Med 10 4 (2008) 247-258
36. Markus C.R., Firk C., Gerhardt C., Kloek J., and Smolders G.F. Effect of different tryptophan sources on amino acids availability to the brain and mood in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 201 1 (2008 Nov) 107-114
37. Wald F.D.M., and Mellenbergh G.J. De verkorte versie van de Nederlandse vertaling van de Profile of Mood States (POMS). Ned Tijdschr Psychol 45 (1990) 86-90
38. Watson D., Clark L.A., and Tellegen A. Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. J Personal Social Psychol 54 6 (1988) 1063-1070
39. Kirschbaum C., Pirke K.M., and Hellhammer D.H. The 'Trier Social Stress Test'-a tool for investigating psychobiological stress responses in a laboratory setting. Neuropsychobiology 28 1-2 (1993) 76-81
40. Kirschbaum C., Kudielka B.M., Gaab J., Schommer N.C., and Hellhammer D.H. Impact of gender, menstrual cycle phase, and oral contraceptives on the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. Psychosom Med 61 2 (1999) 154-162
41. Kudielka B.M., Schommer N.C., Hellhammer D.H., and Kirschbaum C. Acute HPA axis responses, heart rate, and mood changes to psychosocial stress (TSST) in humans at different times of day. Psychoneuroendocrinology 29 8 (2004) 983-992
42. Van Breukelen G.J., and Van Dijk K.R. Use of covariates in randomized controlled trials. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 13 5 (2007) 903-904
43. Perreau-Linck E., Beauregard M., Gravel P., Paquette V., Soucy J.P., Diksic M., et al. In vivo measurements of brain trapping of C-labelled alpha-methyl-l-tryptophan during acute changes in mood states. J Psychiatry Neurosci 32 6 (2007) 430-434
44. Williams E., Stewart-Knox B., Helander A., McConville C., Bradbury I., and Rowland I. Associations between whole-blood serotonin and subjective mood in healthy male volunteers. Biol Psychol 71 2 (2006) 171-174
45. Watson D., and Clark L.A. The PANAS-X. Manual for the positive affect negative affect schedule - expanded form (1994), The University of Iowa
46. Hamilton M. A rating scale for depression. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 23 (1960) 56-62
47. Neumeister A., Konstantinidis A., Stastny J., Schwarz M.J., Vitouch O., Willeit M., et al. Association between serotonin transporter gene promoter polymorphism (5HTTLPR) and behavioral responses to tryptophan depletion in healthy women with and without family history of depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 59 7 (2002) 613-620
48. Kirschbaum C., Wolf O.T., May M., Wippich W., and Hellhammer D.H. Stress- and treatment-induced elevations of cortisol levels associated with impaired declarative memory in healthy adults. Life Sci 58 17 (1996) 1475-1483
49. Smeets T., Jelicic M., and Merckelbach H. The effect of acute stress on memory depends on word valence. Int J Psychophysiol 62 1 (2006) 30-37
50. Porter R.J., Gallagher P., Watson S., and Young A.H. Corticosteroid-serotonin interactions in depression: a review of the human evidence. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 173 1-2 (2004) 1-17
51. Deakin J.F., and Graeff F.G. 5-HT and mechanisms of defence. J Psychopharmacol 5 (1991) 305-315
52. Richell R.A., Deakin J.F., and Anderson I.M. Effect of acute tryptophan depletion on the response to controllable and uncontrollable noise stress. Biol Psychiatry 57 3 (2005) 295-300
53. Young S.N., Smith S.E., Pihl R.O., and Ervin F.R. Tryptophan depletion causes a rapid lowering of mood in normal males. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 87 2 (1985) 173-177