메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 73, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 371-388

The role of biomacromolecular crowding, ionic strength, and physicochemical gradients in the complexities of life's emergence

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

RNA; RNA PRECURSOR;

EID: 66749128608     PISSN: 10922172     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/MMBR.00010-09     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (121)

References (138)
  • 1
    • 0032489015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The cell as a collection of protein machines: Preparing the next generation of molecular biologists
    • DOI 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)80922-8
    • Alberts, B. 1998. The cell as a collection of protein machines: preparing the next generation of molecular biologists. Cell 92:291-293. (Pubitemid 28093007)
    • (1998) Cell , vol.92 , Issue.3 , pp. 291-294
    • Alberts, B.1
  • 2
    • 66749130990 scopus 로고
    • Reduction of foaming in ammonia recovery system in a HCN manufacturing process
    • October. U.S. patent 3,914,386.
    • Anderson, T. J. October 1975. Reduction of foaming in ammonia recovery system in a HCN manufacturing process. U.S. patent 3,914,386.
    • (1975)
    • Anderson, T.J.1
  • 4
    • 4544340102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How life began on Earth: A status report
    • Bada, J. 2004. How life began on Earth: a status report. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 226:1-15.
    • (2004) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.226 , pp. 1-15
    • Bada, J.1
  • 5
    • 34249871616 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The hard cell: From proteomics to a whole cell model
    • DOI 10.1016/j.febslet.2007.05.062, PII S001457930700600X, Vienna Special Issue: Molecular Machines
    • Betts, M. J., and R. B. Russell. 2007. The hard cell: from proteomics to a whole cell model. FEBS Lett. 581:2870-2876. (Pubitemid 46874396)
    • (2007) FEBS Letters , vol.581 , Issue.15 , pp. 2870-2876
    • Betts, M.J.1    Russell, R.B.2
  • 6
    • 4344700715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Structural evolution of colloidal crystals with increasing ionic strength
    • Bevan, M. A., J. A. Lewis, P. V. Braun, and P. Wiltzius. 2004. Structural evolution of colloidal crystals with increasing ionic strength. Langmuir 20:7045-7053.
    • (2004) Langmuir , vol.20 , pp. 7045-7053
    • Bevan, M.A.1    Lewis, J.A.2    Braun, P.V.3    Wiltzius, P.4
  • 8
    • 0022349278 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of cytoplasmic pH in bacteria
    • Booth, I. R. 1985. Regulation of cytoplasmic pH in bacteria. Microbial. Rev. 49:359-378.
    • (1985) Microbial. Rev. , vol.49 , pp. 359-378
    • Booth, I.R.1
  • 10
    • 0034825790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Obcells as proto-organisms: Membrane heredity, lithophosphorylation and the origin of genetic code, the first cells, and photosynthesis
    • Cavalier-Smith, T. 2001. Obcells as proto-organisms: membrane heredity, lithophosphorylation and the origin of genetic code, the first cells, and photosynthesis. J. Mol. Evol. 53:555-595.
    • (2001) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.53 , pp. 555-595
    • Cavalier-Smith, T.1
  • 11
    • 4444281964 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emergence of competition between model protocells
    • DOI 10.1126/science.1100757
    • Chen, I. A., R. W. Roberts, and J. W. Szostak. 2004. The emergence of competition between model protocells. Science 305:1474-1476. (Pubitemid 39167669)
    • (2004) Science , vol.305 , Issue.5689 , pp. 1474-1476
    • Chen, I.A.1    Roberts, R.W.2    Szostak, J.W.3
  • 12
    • 0026513112 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous production, exogenous delivery and impact-shock synthesis of organic molecules: An inventory for the origin of life
    • Chyba, C. F., and C. Sagan. 1992. Endogenous production, exogenous delivery and impact-shock synthesis of organic molecules: an inventory for the origin of life. Nature 355:125-132.
    • (1992) Nature , vol.355 , pp. 125-132
    • Chyba, C.F.1    Sagan, C.2
  • 13
    • 0032560481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oceanic protection of prebiotic organic compounds from UV radiation
    • Cleaves, H. J., and S. L. Miller. 1998. Oceanic protection of prebiotic organic compounds from UV radiation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95:7260-7263.
    • (1998) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.95 , pp. 7260-7263
    • Cleaves, H.J.1    Miller, S.L.2
  • 15
    • 35448945605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin of RNA world: Co-evolution of genes and metabolism
    • Copley, S. D., E. Smith, and H. J. Morowitz. 2007. The origin of RNA world: co-evolution of genes and metabolism. Bioorg. Chem. 35:430-443.
    • (2007) Bioorg. Chem. , vol.35 , pp. 430-443
    • Copley, S.D.1    Smith, E.2    Morowitz, H.J.3
  • 16
    • 0004232949 scopus 로고
    • Simon & Schuster, New York, NY
    • Crick, F. 1981. Life itself. Simon & Schuster, New York, NY.
    • (1981) Life Itself
    • Crick, F.1
  • 17
    • 0001437696 scopus 로고
    • Directed panspermia
    • Crick, F., and L. E. Orgel. 1973. Directed panspermia. Icarus 19:314-346.
    • (1973) Icarus , vol.19 , pp. 314-346
    • Crick, F.1    Orgel, L.E.2
  • 18
    • 0030741176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The first living systems: A bioenergetic perspective
    • Deamer, D. W. 1997. The first living systems: a bioenergetic perspective. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 61:239-261.
    • (1997) Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. , vol.61 , pp. 239-261
    • Deamer, D.W.1
  • 19
    • 0001166734 scopus 로고
    • Zur Theorie der Elektrolyte
    • Debye, P., and E. Hückel. 1923. Zur Theorie der Elektrolyte. Phys. Z. 24:185-206.
    • (1923) Phys. Z. , vol.24 , pp. 185-206
    • Debye, P.1    Hückel, E.2
  • 22
    • 0017701075 scopus 로고
    • Nonspecific interaction of lac repressor with DNA: An association reaction driven by counterion release
    • deHaseth, P. L., T. M. Lohman, and M. T. Record, Jr. 1977. Nonspecific interaction of lac repressor with DNA: an association reaction driven by counterion release. Biochemistry 16:4783-4790.
    • (1977) Biochemistry , vol.16 , pp. 4783-4790
    • DeHaseth, P.L.1    Lohman, T.M.2    Record Jr., M.T.3
  • 23
    • 27844566174 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a comprehensive view of the bacterial cell wall
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tim.2005.10.001, PII S0966842X05002593
    • Dmitriev, B., F. Toukach, and S. Ehlers. 2005. Towards a comprehensive view of the bacterial cell-wall. Trends Microbiol. 13:569-574. (Pubitemid 41661337)
    • (2005) Trends in Microbiology , vol.13 , Issue.12 , pp. 569-574
    • Dmitriev, B.1    Toukach, F.2    Ehlers, S.3
  • 24
    • 0001639255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of model colloidal liquid crystals and the kinetics of isotropic-smectic transition
    • London
    • Dogic, Z., and S. Fraden. 2001. Development of model colloidal liquid crystals and the kinetics of isotropic-smectic transition. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A (London) 359:997-1015.
    • (2001) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A , vol.359 , pp. 997-1015
    • Dogic, Z.1    Fraden, S.2
  • 25
    • 33746518533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimentally tracing the key steps in the origin of life: The aromatic world
    • DOI 10.1089/ast.2006.6.490
    • Ehrenfreund, P., S. Rasmussen, J. Cleaves, and L. Chen. 2006. Experimentally tracing the key steps in the origin of life: the aromatic world. Astrobiology 6:490-520. (Pubitemid 44138345)
    • (2006) Astrobiology , vol.6 , Issue.3 , pp. 490-520
    • Ehrenfreund, P.1    Rasmussen, S.2    Cleaves, J.3    Chen, L.4
  • 26
    • 0015133749 scopus 로고
    • Self-organization of matter and the evolution of biological macromolecules
    • Eigen, M. 1971. Self-organization of matter and the evolution of biological macromolecules. Naturwissenschaften 58:465-523.
    • (1971) Naturwissenschaften , vol.58 , pp. 465-523
    • Eigen, M.1
  • 27
    • 0035478585 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macromolecular crowding - Obvious but underappreciated
    • Ellis, R. J. 2001. Macromolecular crowding - obvious but underappreciated. Trends Biochem. Sci. 26:597-604.
    • (2001) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.26 , pp. 597-604
    • Ellis, R.J.1
  • 29
    • 36248967733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The search for the chemistry of life's origin
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tet.2007.10.012, PII S0040402007017176
    • Eschenmoser, A. 2007. The search for the chemistry of life's origin. Tetrahedron 63:12821-12844. (Pubitemid 350119835)
    • (2007) Tetrahedron , vol.63 , Issue.52 , pp. 12821-12844
    • Eschenmoser, A.1
  • 30
    • 0018123703 scopus 로고
    • HCN: A plausible source of purines, pyrimidines and amino acids on the primitive Earth
    • Ferris, J. P., P. C. Joshi, E. H. Edelson, and J. G. Lawless. 1978. HCN: a plausible source of purines, pyrimidines and amino acids on the primitive Earth. J. Mol. Evol. 11:293-311.
    • (1978) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.11 , pp. 293-311
    • Ferris, J.P.1    Joshi, P.C.2    Edelson, E.H.3    Lawless, J.G.4
  • 31
    • 0017165381 scopus 로고
    • Synthetic organic microstructures and the origin of cellular life
    • Folsome, C. E. 1976. Synthetic organic microstructures and the origin of cellular life. Naturwissenschaften 63:303-306.
    • (1976) Naturwissenschaften , vol.63 , pp. 303-306
    • Folsome, C.E.1
  • 33
    • 0014057931 scopus 로고
    • Replication of bacteriophage ribonucleic acid: Some physical properties of single stranded, double stranded, and branched viral ribonucleic acid
    • Franklin, R. M. 1967. Replication of bacteriophage ribonucleic acid: some physical properties of single stranded, double stranded, and branched viral ribonucleic acid. J. Virol. 1:64-75.
    • (1967) J. Virol. , vol.1 , pp. 64-75
    • Franklin, R.M.1
  • 35
    • 0003401295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ
    • Fry, I. 2000. The emergence of life on earth. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, NJ.
    • (2000) The Emergence of Life on Earth
    • Fry, I.1
  • 36
    • 36849148382 scopus 로고
    • The RNA world
    • Gilbert, W. 1986. The RNA world. Nature 319:618-622.
    • (1986) Nature , vol.319 , pp. 618-622
    • Gilbert, W.1
  • 38
  • 40
    • 29144513708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecules into cells: Specifying spatial architecture
    • Harold, F. M. 2005. Molecules into cells: specifying spatial architecture. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 69:544-564.
    • (2005) Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. , vol.69 , pp. 544-564
    • Harold, F.M.1
  • 41
    • 34547812310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Joseph Henry Press, Washington, DC
    • Hazen, R. M. 2005. Genesis. Joseph Henry Press, Washington, DC.
    • (2005) Genesis
    • Hazen, R.M.1
  • 42
    • 33750047895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conditions for the emergence of life on the early Earth: Summary and reflections
    • London
    • Jortner, J. 2006. Conditions for the emergence of life on the early Earth: summary and reflections. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B (London) 361:1877-1891.
    • (2006) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.361 , pp. 1877-1891
    • Jortner, J.1
  • 43
    • 0037062978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The antiquity of RNA-based evolution
    • DOI 10.1038/418214a
    • Joyce, G. F. 2002. The antiquity of RNA-based evolution. Nature 418:214-221. (Pubitemid 34773780)
    • (2002) Nature , vol.418 , Issue.6894 , pp. 214-221
    • Joyce, G.F.1
  • 44
    • 0027341487 scopus 로고
    • Mantle redox evolution and the oxidation state of the Archean atmosphere
    • Kasting, J. F., D. H. Eggler, and S. P. Raeburn. 1993. Mantle redox evolution and the oxidation state of the Archean atmosphere. J. Geol. 101:245-257. (Pubitemid 23392025)
    • (1993) Journal of Geology , vol.101 , Issue.2 , pp. 245-257
    • Kasting, J.F.1    Eggler, D.H.2    Raeburn, S.P.3
  • 45
    • 0003737454 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom
    • Kauffman, S. A. 2000. Investigations. Oxford University Press, Oxford, United Kingdom.
    • (2000) Investigations
    • Kauffman, S.A.1
  • 47
    • 15744372311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Temperature and salinity history of the precambrian ocean: Implications for the course of microbial evolution
    • Knauth, L. P. 2005. Temperature and salinity history of the precambrian ocean: implications for the course of microbial evolution. Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. 219:53-69.
    • (2005) Paleogeogr. Paleoclimatol. Paleoecol. , vol.219 , pp. 53-69
    • Knauth, L.P.1
  • 48
    • 27744591844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the origin genes and cells within inorganic compartments
    • Koonin, E. V., and W. Martin. On the origin genes and cells within inorganic compartments. Trends Biochem. Sci. 21:647-654.
    • Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.21 , pp. 647-654
    • Koonin, E.V.1    Martin, W.2
  • 50
    • 0001792633 scopus 로고
    • Primordial oil slick
    • Lasaga, A. C., and M. J. Dwyer. 1971. Primordial oil slick. Science 174:53-55.
    • (1971) Science , vol.174 , pp. 53-55
    • Lasaga, A.C.1    Dwyer, M.J.2
  • 51
    • 28844493710 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early tides: Response to Varga et al
    • DOI 10.1016/j.icarus.2005.08.019, PII S0019103505003271
    • Lathe, R. 2006. Early tides: response to Varga et al. Icarus 180:277-280. (Pubitemid 41763526)
    • (2006) Icarus , vol.180 , Issue.1 , pp. 277-280
    • Lathe, R.1
  • 52
    • 39749097140 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The spontaneous development of biology from chemistry
    • Lauterbur, P. C. 2008. The spontaneous development of biology from chemistry. Astrobiology 8:3-8.
    • (2008) Astrobiology , vol.8 , pp. 3-8
    • Lauterbur, P.C.1
  • 53
    • 0029905462 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin and early evolution of life: Prebiotic chemistry, the pre-RNA world, and time
    • DOI 10.1016/S0092-8674(00)81263-5
    • Lazcano, A., and S. L. Miller. 1996. The origin and early evolution of life: prebiotic chemistry, the pre-RNA world, and time. Cell 85:793-798. (Pubitemid 26192133)
    • (1996) Cell , vol.85 , Issue.6 , pp. 793-798
    • Lazcano, A.1    Miller, S.L.2
  • 54
    • 0029078936 scopus 로고
    • In vitro assembly of infectious virions of double-stranded DNA phage φ29 from cloned gene products and synthetic nucleic acids
    • Lee, C.-S., and P. Guo. 1995. In vitro assembly of infectious virions of double-stranded DNA phage φ29 from cloned gene products and synthetic nucleic acids. J. Virol. 69:5018-5023.
    • (1995) J. Virol. , vol.69 , pp. 5018-5023
    • Lee, C.-S.1    Guo, P.2
  • 55
    • 0037192455 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward self-organization and complex matter
    • DOI 10.1126/science.1071063
    • Lehn, J.-M. 2002. Toward self-organization and complex matter. Science 295:2400-2403. (Pubitemid 34270244)
    • (2002) Science , vol.295 , Issue.5564 , pp. 2400-2403
    • Lehn, J.-M.1
  • 56
    • 0034202840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prebiotic synthesis of adenine and amino acids under Europe-like conditions
    • Levy, M., S. L. Miller, K. Brinton, and J. L. Bada. 2000. Prebiotic synthesis of adenine and amino acids under Europe-like conditions. Icarus 145:609-613.
    • (2000) Icarus , vol.145 , pp. 609-613
    • Levy, M.1    Miller, S.L.2    Brinton, K.3    Bada, J.L.4
  • 57
    • 0031015290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the crucial stages in the origin of animate matter
    • Lifson, S. 1997. On the crucial stages in the origin of animate matter. J. Mol. Evol. 44:1-8.
    • (1997) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.44 , pp. 1-8
    • Lifson, S.1
  • 58
    • 61349193830 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-sustained replication of an RNA enzyme
    • Lincoln, T. A., and G. F. Joyce. 2009. Self-sustained replication of an RNA enzyme. Science 323:1229-1232.
    • (2009) Science , vol.323 , pp. 1229-1232
    • Lincoln, T.A.1    Joyce, G.F.2
  • 60
    • 0032808632 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing views on the nature of the bacterial cell: From biochemistry to cytology
    • Losick, R., and L. Shapiro. 1999. Changing views on the nature of the bacterial cell: from biochemistry to cytology. J. Bacteriol. 181:4143-4145. (Pubitemid 29331368)
    • (1999) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.181 , Issue.14 , pp. 4143-4145
    • Losick, R.1    Shapiro, L.2
  • 62
    • 31344455122 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approaches to semi-synthetic minimal cells: A review
    • DOI 10.1007/s00114-005-0056-z
    • Luisi, P. L., F. Ferri, and P. Stano. 2006. Approaches to semi-synthetic minimal cells: a review. Naturwissenschaften 93:1-13. (Pubitemid 43144246)
    • (2006) Naturwissenschaften , vol.93 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-13
    • Luisi, P.L.1    Ferri, F.2    Stano, P.3
  • 63
    • 33748446085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Are prions related to the emergence of early life?
    • DOI 10.1016/j.mehy.2006.04.056, PII S0306987706003355
    • Lupi, O., P. Dadalti, E. Cruz, and P. R. Sanberg. 2006. Are prions related to the emergence of early life? Med. Hypotheses 67:1027-1033. (Pubitemid 44348799)
    • (2006) Medical Hypotheses , vol.67 , Issue.5 , pp. 1027-1033
    • Lupi, O.1    Dadalti, P.2    Cruz, E.3    Sanberg, P.R.4
  • 64
    • 0028184159 scopus 로고
    • Hydrothermal and oceanic pH conditions at 4 Gya relevant to the origin of life
    • MacLeod, G., C. Mckeown, A. J. Hall, and M. J. Russell. 1994. Hydrothermal and oceanic pH conditions at 4 Gya relevant to the origin of life. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 24:19-41.
    • (1994) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.24 , pp. 19-41
    • MacLeod, G.1    Mckeown, C.2    Hall, A.J.3    Russell, M.J.4
  • 67
    • 35148861695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the origin of biochemistry at an alkaline hydrothermal vent
    • London
    • Martin, W., and M. J. Russell. 2007. On the origin of biochemistry at an alkaline hydrothermal vent. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B (London) 362:1887-1925.
    • (2007) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.362 , pp. 1887-1925
    • Martin, W.1    Russell, M.J.2
  • 69
    • 33750575301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrogen cyanide polymers. Comets and the origin of life
    • Mathews, C. N., and R. D. Minard. 2006. Hydrogen cyanide polymers. Comets and the origin of life. Faraday Discuss. 133:393-401.
    • (2006) Faraday Discuss. , vol.133 , pp. 393-401
    • Mathews, C.N.1    Minard, R.D.2
  • 70
    • 71049150612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prebiotic chemistry on the primitive Earth
    • I. Ritgoutsos and G. Stephanopoulous (ed.), Oxford University Press, New York, NY
    • Miller, S. L., and H. J. Cleaves. 2006. Prebiotic chemistry on the primitive Earth, p. 3-56. In I. Ritgoutsos and G. Stephanopoulous (ed.), Systems biology. Oxford University Press, New York, NY.
    • (2006) Systems Biology , pp. 3-56
    • Miller, S.L.1    Cleaves, H.J.2
  • 71
    • 0018391707 scopus 로고
    • Compartmentation and communication in living systems. Ligand conduction: A general catalytic principle in chemical, osmotic, and chemiosmotic reaction systems
    • Mitchell, P. 1979. Compartmentation and communication in living systems. Ligand conduction: a general catalytic principle in chemical, osmotic, and chemiosmotic reaction systems. Eur. J. Biochem. 95:1-20.
    • (1979) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.95 , pp. 1-20
    • Mitchell, P.1
  • 72
    • 0036617018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of ionic inorganic solutes on self-assembly and polymerization processes related to early forms of life: Implications for a prebiotic aqueous medium
    • Monnard, P.-E., C. L. Apel, A. Kanavarioti, and D. W. Deamer. 2002. Influence of ionic inorganic solutes on self-assembly and polymerization processes related to early forms of life: implications for a prebiotic aqueous medium. Astrobiology 2:139-152.
    • (2002) Astrobiology , vol.2 , pp. 139-152
    • Monnard, P.-E.1    Apel, C.L.2    Kanavarioti, A.3    Deamer, D.W.4
  • 74
    • 36148939897 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy flow and the organization of life
    • DOI 10.1002/cplx.20191
    • Morowitz, H., and E. Smith. 2007. Energy flow and the organization of life. Complexity 13:51-59. (Pubitemid 350106929)
    • (2007) Complexity , vol.13 , Issue.1 , pp. 51-59
    • Morowitz, H.1    Smith, E.2
  • 76
    • 0032433363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hadean ocean carbonate geochemistry
    • Morse, J. W., and F. T. Mackenzie. 1998. Hadean ocean carbonate geochemistry. Aquat. Geochem. 4:310-319.
    • (1998) Aquat. Geochem. , vol.4 , pp. 310-319
    • Morse, J.W.1    Mackenzie, F.T.2
  • 77
    • 9744252066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • BIOS Scientific Publishers, London, United Kingdom
    • Munn, C. B. 2004. Marine microbiology. BIOS Scientific Publishers, London, United Kingdom.
    • (2004) Marine Microbiology
    • Munn, C.B.1
  • 79
    • 2242454877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible impact of a primordial oil slick on atmospheric and chemical evolution
    • Nilson, F. P. R. 2002. Possible impact of a primordial oil slick on atmospheric and chemical evolution. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 32:247-253.
    • (2002) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.32 , pp. 247-253
    • Nilson, F.P.R.1
  • 80
    • 11144220854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A vesicle bioreactor as a step toward an artifical cell assembly
    • Noireaux, V., and A. Libchaber. 2004. A vesicle bioreactor as a step toward an artifical cell assembly. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 101:17669-17674.
    • (2004) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.101 , pp. 17669-17674
    • Noireaux, V.1    Libchaber, A.2
  • 82
    • 0004270279 scopus 로고
    • Academic Press, New York, NY
    • Oparin, A. I. 1957. Origin of life. Academic Press, New York, NY.
    • (1957) Origin of Life
    • Oparin, A.I.1
  • 83
    • 0032422883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin of life - A review of facts and speculations
    • Orgel, L. E. 1998. The origin of life - a review of facts and speculations. Trends Biochem. Sci. 23:491-495.
    • (1998) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.23 , pp. 491-495
    • Orgel, L.E.1
  • 84
    • 3042709433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prebiotic chemistry and the origin of the RNA world
    • Orgel, L. E. 2004. Prebiotic chemistry and the origin of the RNA world. Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. 39:99-123.
    • (2004) Crit. Rev. Biochem. Mol. Biol. , vol.39 , pp. 99-123
    • Orgel, L.E.1
  • 86
    • 14744276349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stereoselective differentiation in the Salt-induced Peptide Formation reaction and its relevance for the origin of life
    • DOI 10.1016/j.peptides.2004.11.019
    • Plankensteiner, K., H. Reiner, and B. M. Rode. 2005. Stereoselective differentiantion in the salt-induced reaction and its relevance for the origin of life. Peptides 26:535-541. (Pubitemid 40326869)
    • (2005) Peptides , vol.26 , Issue.4 , pp. 535-541
    • Plankensteiner, K.1    Reiner, H.2    Rode, B.M.3
  • 87
    • 0036498949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Artificial cells: Prospects for biotechnology
    • DOI 10.1016/S0167-7799(02)01909-1, PII S0167779901019096
    • Pohorille, A., and D. Deamer. 2002. Artificial cells: prospects for biotechnology. Trends Biotechnol. 20:123-128. (Pubitemid 34158985)
    • (2002) Trends in Biotechnology , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 123-128
    • Pohorille, A.1    Deamer, D.2
  • 88
    • 7044274624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial osmosensing: Roles of membrane structure and electrostatics in lipid-protein and protein-protein interactions
    • Poolman, B., J. J. Spitzer, and J. M. Wood. 2004. Bacterial osmosensing: roles of membrane structure and electrostatics in lipid-protein and protein-protein interactions. Biophys. Biochim. Acta 1666:88-104.
    • (2004) Biophys. Biochim. Acta , vol.1666 , pp. 88-104
    • Poolman, B.1    Spitzer, J.J.2    Wood, J.M.3
  • 89
    • 1542475100 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Causation and the origin of life: Metabolism or replication first?
    • Pross, A. 2004. Causation and the origin of life: metabolism or replication first? Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 34:307-321.
    • (2004) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.34 , pp. 307-321
    • Pross, A.1
  • 90
    • 0014459141 scopus 로고
    • Nature of RNA synthesized at low and high ionic strength by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli
    • Qasba, P. K., and W. Zillig. 1969. Nature of RNA synthesized at low and high ionic strength by DNA-dependent RNA polymerase from Escherichia coli. Eur. J. Biochem. 7:315-317.
    • (1969) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.7 , pp. 315-317
    • Qasba, P.K.1    Zillig, W.2
  • 91
    • 0035912851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirements for osmosensing and osmotic activation of transporter ProP from Escherichia coli
    • Racher, K. I., D. E. Culham, and J. M. Wood. 2001. Requirements for osmosensing and osmotic activation of transporter ProP from Escherichia coli. Biochemistry 40:7324-7333. (Pubitemid 32554058)
    • (2001) Biochemistry , vol.40 , Issue.24 , pp. 7324-7333
    • Racher, K.I.1    Culham, D.E.2    Wood, J.M.3
  • 92
    • 0032079008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biophysical compensation mechanisms buffering Escherichia coli protein-nucleic acid interactions against changing environments
    • Record, M. T., Jr., E. S. Courteney, S. Cayley, and H. J. Guttman. 1998. Biophysical compensation mechanisms buffering Escherichia coli protein-nucleic acid interactions against changing environments. Trends Biochem. Sci. 23:190-194.
    • (1998) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.23 , pp. 190-194
    • Record Jr., M.T.1    Courteney, E.S.2    Cayley, S.3    Guttman, H.J.4
  • 94
    • 0032768196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peptides and the origin of life
    • DOI 10.1016/S0196-9781(99)00062-5, PII S0196978199000625
    • Rode, B. M. 1999. Peptides and the origin of life. Peptides 20:773-786. (Pubitemid 29378342)
    • (1999) Peptides , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 773-786
    • Rode, B.M.1
  • 96
    • 0033613862 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 13C-depleted carbon microparticles in > 3700-Ma sea-floor sedimentary rocks from West Greenland
    • Rosing, M. T. 1999. C-13-depleted carbon microparticles in ∼3700-Ma sea-floor sedimentary rocks from west Greenland. Science 283:674-676. (Pubitemid 129506233)
    • (1999) Science , vol.283 , Issue.5402 , pp. 674-676
    • Rosing, M.T.1
  • 97
    • 33645462033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of the glmS ribozyme suggests only structural roles for divalent metal ions
    • Roth, A., A. Nahvi, M. Lee, I. Jona, and R. R. Breaker. 2008. Characteristics of the glmS ribozyme suggests only structural roles for divalent metal ions. RNA J. 12:607-612.
    • (2008) RNA J. , vol.12 , pp. 607-612
    • Roth, A.1    Nahvi, A.2    Lee, M.3    Jona, I.4    Breaker, R.R.5
  • 99
    • 0028023065 scopus 로고
    • A hydrothermally precipitated catalytic iron sulphide membrane as a first step towards life
    • Russell, M. J., R. M. Daniel, A. J. Hall, and J. Sherringham. 1994. A hydrothermally precipitated catalytic iron sulphide membrane as a first step towards life. J. Mol. Evol. 39:231-243.
    • (1994) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.39 , pp. 231-243
    • Russell, M.J.1    Daniel, R.M.2    Hall, A.J.3    Sherringham, J.4
  • 100
    • 21844461069 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geodynamic and metabolic cycles in the Hadean
    • Russell, M. J., and N. T. Arndt. 2005. Geodynamic and metabolic cycles in the Hadean. Biogeosciences 2:97-111. (Pubitemid 40960820)
    • (2005) Biogeosciences , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 97-111
    • Russell, M.J.1    Arndt, N.T.2
  • 101
    • 0013822867 scopus 로고
    • Dependence of the melting temperature of DNA on salt concentration
    • Schildkraut, C., and S. Lifson. 1965. Dependence of the melting temperature of DNA on salt concentration. Biopolymers 3:195-208.
    • (1965) Biopolymers , vol.3 , pp. 195-208
    • Schildkraut, C.1    Lifson, S.2
  • 102
    • 11144237081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phase separation in macroion systems
    • S. K. Tripathy, J. Kumar, and H. S. Nalwa (ed.), American Scientific Publishers, Stevenson Ranch, CA
    • Schmitz, K. S. 2002. Phase separation in macroion systems, p. 195-269. In S. K. Tripathy, J. Kumar, and H. S. Nalwa (ed.), Handbook of polyelectrolytes and their applications. American Scientific Publishers, Stevenson Ranch, CA.
    • (2002) Handbook of Polyelectrolytes and Their Applications , pp. 195-269
    • Schmitz, K.S.1
  • 103
    • 34249792261 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • University of California Press, Berkeley
    • Schopf, J. W. 2002. Life's origin. University of California Press, Berkeley.
    • (2002) Life's Origin
    • Schopf, J.W.1
  • 104
    • 0034280783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Composing life
    • Segré, D., and D. Lancet. 2000. Composing life, EMBO Rep. 1:217-222.
    • (2000) EMBO Rep. , vol.1 , pp. 217-222
    • Segré, D.1    Lancet, D.2
  • 105
    • 0035984274 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organic compounds in carbonaceous meteorites
    • Sephton, M. A. 2002. Organic compounds in carbonaceous meteorites. Nat. Prod. Rep. 19:292-311.
    • (2002) Nat. Prod. Rep. , vol.19 , pp. 292-311
    • Sephton, M.A.1
  • 107
    • 0842345473 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospects of a computational origin of life endeavor
    • Shenhav, B., and D. Lancet. 2004. Prospects of a computational origin of life endeavor. Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. 34:181-194.
    • (2004) Orig. Life Evol. Biosph. , vol.34 , pp. 181-194
    • Shenhav, B.1    Lancet, D.2
  • 109
    • 0001261198 scopus 로고
    • A re-interpretation of hydration forces
    • Spitzer, J. J. 1984. A re-interpretation of hydration forces. Nature 310:396-397.
    • (1984) Nature , vol.310 , pp. 396-397
    • Spitzer, J.J.1
  • 110
    • 66749134859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reference deleted
    • Reference deleted.
  • 111
    • 0037109751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dissociation of colloidal spheres according to LMO law
    • DOI 10.1021/la025937n
    • Spitzer, J. J. 2002. Dissociation of colloidal spheres according to LMO law. Langmuir 18:7906-7915. (Pubitemid 35383088)
    • (2002) Langmuir , vol.18 , Issue.21 , pp. 7906-7915
    • Spitzer, J.J.1
  • 112
    • 0041386544 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maxwellian double layer forces: From infinity to contact
    • Spitzer, J. J. 2003. Maxwellian double layer forces: from infinity to contact. Langmuir 19:7099-7111.
    • (2003) Langmuir , vol.19 , pp. 7099-7111
    • Spitzer, J.J.1
  • 113
    • 25144451688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electrochemical structure of the crowded cytoplasm
    • Spitzer, J. J., and B. Poolman. 2005. Electrochemical structure of the crowded cytoplasm. Trends Biochem. Sci. 30:536-541.
    • (2005) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.30 , pp. 536-541
    • Spitzer, J.J.1    Poolman, B.2
  • 116
    • 36448996306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chemistry in prebiotic aerosols: A mechanism for the origin of life
    • J. Seckbach (ed.), Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands
    • Tervahatu, H., A. Tuck, and V. Vaida. 2005. Chemistry in prebiotic aerosols: a mechanism for the origin of life, p. 155-165. In J. Seckbach (ed.), Origins. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht, The Netherlands.
    • (2005) Origins , pp. 155-165
    • Tervahatu, H.1    Tuck, A.2    Vaida, V.3
  • 117
    • 37349036312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Getting organized - How bacterial cells move proteins and DNA
    • Thanbichler, M., and L. Shapiro. 2008. Getting organized - how bacterial cells move proteins and DNA. Nat. Rev. Microbiol. 6:28-40.
    • (2008) Nat. Rev. Microbiol. , vol.6 , pp. 28-40
    • Thanbichler, M.1    Shapiro, L.2
  • 118
    • 0037498334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Possible origin of a membrane in the subsurface of the Earth
    • Trevors, J. T. 2003. Possible origin of a membrane in the subsurface of the Earth. Cell Biol. Int. 27:451-457.
    • (2003) Cell Biol. Int. , vol.27 , pp. 451-457
    • Trevors, J.T.1
  • 119
    • 34247465560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein mobility and diffusive barriers in Escherichia coli: Consequences of osmotic stress
    • van den Bogaart, G., N. Heermans, V. Krasnikov, and B. Poolman. 2007. Protein mobility and diffusive barriers in Escherichia coli: consequences of osmotic stress. Mol. Microbiol. 64:858-871.
    • (2007) Mol. Microbiol. , vol.64 , pp. 858-871
    • Van Den Bogaart, G.1    Heermans, N.2    Krasnikov, V.3    Poolman, B.4
  • 120
    • 0037126588 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the osmotic signal and osmosensing mechanism of an ABC transport system for glycine betaine
    • DOI 10.1093/emboj/20.24.7022
    • van der Heide, T., M. C. A. Stuart, and B. Poolman. 2001. On the osmotic signal and osmosensing mechanism of an ABC transport system for glycine betaine. EMBO J. 20:7022-7032. (Pubitemid 34062294)
    • (2001) EMBO Journal , vol.20 , Issue.24 , pp. 7022-7032
    • Van Der Heide, T.1    Stuart, M.C.A.2    Poolman, B.3
  • 121
    • 0034762821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recent advances in the formation of the bacterial peptidoglycan monomer unit
    • van Heijenoort, J. 2001. Recent advances in the formation of the bacterial peptidoglycan monomer unit. Nat. Prod. Rep. 18:503-519.
    • (2001) Nat. Prod. Rep. , vol.18 , pp. 503-519
    • Van Heijenoort, J.1
  • 122
    • 0031810562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biology of moderately halophilic aerobic bacteria
    • Ventosa, A., J. J. Nieto, and A. Oren. 1998. Biology of moderately halophilic aerobic bacteria. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 62:504-544.
    • (1998) Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. , vol.62 , pp. 504-544
    • Ventosa, A.1    Nieto, J.J.2    Oren, A.3
  • 123
    • 0036164351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Solute and macromolecular diffusion in cellular aqueous compartments
    • Verkman, A. S. 2002. Solute and macromolecular diffusion in cellular aqueous compartments. Trends Biochem. Sci. 27:27-33.
    • (2002) Trends Biochem. Sci. , vol.27 , pp. 27-33
    • Verkman, A.S.1
  • 126
    • 33750074788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From volcanic origins of chemoautotrophic life to Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya
    • Wächterhäuser, G. 2006. From volcanic origins of chemoautotrophic life to Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya. Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B 361:1787-1808.
    • (2006) Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B , vol.361 , pp. 1787-1808
    • Wächterhäuser, G.1
  • 127
    • 77951003850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
    • Weinstein, L., and J. A. Adams. 2008. Guesstimation. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
    • (2008) Guesstimation
    • Weinstein, L.1    Adams, J.A.2
  • 128
    • 0023099216 scopus 로고
    • Why nature chose phosphates?
    • Westheimer, F. H. 1987. Why nature chose phosphates? Science 235:1173-1178.
    • (1987) Science , vol.235 , pp. 1173-1178
    • Westheimer, F.H.1
  • 129
    • 0035843153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence from detrital zircons for the existence of continental crust and oceans on the Earth 4.4 Gyr ago
    • DOI 10.1038/35051550
    • Wilde, S. A., J. W. Valley, W. H. Peck, and C. M. Graham. 2001. Evidence from detrital zircons for the existence of continental crust and oceans on the Earth 4.4 Gyr ago. Nature 409:175-178. (Pubitemid 32144279)
    • (2001) Nature , vol.409 , Issue.6817 , pp. 175-178
    • Wilde, S.A.1    Valley, J.W.2    Peck, W.H.3    Graham, C.M.4
  • 131
    • 0018567655 scopus 로고
    • A proposal concerning the origin of life on the planet Earth
    • Woese, C. R. 1979. A proposal concerning the origin of life on the planet Earth. J. Mol. Evol. 13:95-101.
    • (1979) J. Mol. Evol. , vol.13 , pp. 95-101
    • Woese, C.R.1
  • 132
    • 0037173066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the evolution of cells
    • Woese, C. R. 2002. On the evolution of cells. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 99:8742-8747.
    • (2002) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.99 , pp. 8742-8747
    • Woese, C.R.1
  • 133
    • 2942526841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new biology for a new century
    • Woese, C. R. 2004. A new biology for a new century. Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 68:173-186.
    • (2004) Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. , vol.68 , pp. 173-186
    • Woese, C.R.1
  • 134
    • 0033629330 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin of life on Earth and Shannon's theory of communication
    • Yockey, H. P. 2000. Origin of life on Earth and Shannon's theory of communication. Comput. Chem. 24:105-123.
    • (2000) Comput. Chem. , vol.24 , pp. 105-123
    • Yockey, H.P.1
  • 135
    • 0027318513 scopus 로고
    • Macromolecular crowding: Biochemical, biophysical, and physiological consequences
    • Zimmerman, S. B., and A. P. Minton. 1993. Macromolecular crowding: biochemical, biophysical, and physiological consequences. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 22:27-65.
    • (1993) Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. , vol.22 , pp. 27-65
    • Zimmerman, S.B.1    Minton, A.P.2
  • 136
    • 33747601731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The chemistry in circumstellar envelopes of evolved stars: Following the origin of the elements to the origin of life
    • Ziurys, L. M. 2006. The chemistry in circumstellar envelopes of evolved stars: following the origin of the elements to the origin of life. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 103:12274-12279.
    • (2006) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.103 , pp. 12274-12279
    • Ziurys, L.M.1
  • 137
    • 33847627920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Life under pressure: Hydrostatic pressure in cell growth and function
    • DOI 10.1016/j.tplants.2007.01.006, PII S1360138507000337
    • Zonia, L., and T. Munnik. 2007. Life under pressure: hydrostatic pressure in cell growth and function. Trends Plant Sci. 12:90-97. (Pubitemid 46366812)
    • (2007) Trends in Plant Science , vol.12 , Issue.3 , pp. 90-97
    • Zonia, L.1    Munnik, T.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.