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The Knoevenagel Reaction
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25444456943
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To differentiate the (Z/E)-isomers by X-ray crystallography, see:
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66349110143
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These conditions were also used with aldehyde 10e, but the yield was lower than the one obtained with the imine procedure
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These conditions were also used with aldehyde 10e, but the yield was lower than the one obtained with the imine procedure.
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31
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66349122116
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note
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4 to the reaction mixture solved the problem.
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32
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66349108890
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For examples of Krapcho reaction with α-nitro esters, see
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For examples of Krapcho reaction with α-nitro esters, see:
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35
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0003412412
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66349108608
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The reason for this activation is unclear
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The reason for this activation is unclear.
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38
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31544461809
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Yashin N.V., Averina E.B., Grishin Y.K., Kuznetsova T.S., and Zefirov N.S. Synthesis (2006) 279-284
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39
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33748986534
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For a reduction of this kind on an α-nitro ester, see:
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For a reduction of this kind on an α-nitro ester, see:. Krishnamoorthy P., Sivappa R., Du H.W., and Lovely C.J. Tetrahedron 62 (2006) 10555-10566
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40
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0033549545
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The reaction gave also traces of products from elimination of the nitro group {A figure is presented} 17a-e (<0.5%). Once the nickel enolate is formed (see reaction sequence below), it eliminates in a Saegusa-type reaction fashion. For a discussion on the mechanism of the Saegusa reaction, see In some cases, for Ar=3,5-dimethoxyphenyl and 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl, products from subsequent aromatization {A figure is presented} 18b-c (<0.5%) were also found
-
The reaction gave also traces of products from elimination of the nitro group {A figure is presented} 17a-e (<0.5%). Once the nickel enolate is formed (see reaction sequence below), it eliminates in a Saegusa-type reaction fashion. For a discussion on the mechanism of the Saegusa reaction, see. Porth S., Bats J.W., Trauner G.G., and Mulzer J. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 38 (1999) 2015-2016 In some cases, for Ar=3,5-dimethoxyphenyl and 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl, products from subsequent aromatization {A figure is presented} 18b-c (<0.5%) were also found
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Porth, S.1
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41
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0020766267
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For a radical reduction of α-nitro nitriles, α-nitro esters, and α-nitro ketones, see:
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For a radical reduction of α-nitro nitriles, α-nitro esters, and α-nitro ketones, see:. Ono N., Tamura R., and Kaji A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 105 (1983) 4017-4022
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42
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33947476818
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For a discussion on the radical reduction of thiols and sulfides with Raney nickel, see:
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For a discussion on the radical reduction of thiols and sulfides with Raney nickel, see:. Hauptmann H., and Walter W.F. Chem., Rev. 62 (1962) 347-404
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Hauptmann, H.1
Walter, W.F.2
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43
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27944467824
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For an example of nickel C/O-enolate equilibration, see:
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For an example of nickel C/O-enolate equilibration, see:. Cámpora J., Maya C.M., Palma P., Carmona E., Gutiérrez E., Ruiz C., Graiff C., and Tiripicchio A. Chem.-Eur. J. 11 (2005) 6889-6904
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Tiripicchio, A.8
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