VCSEL technology for medical diagnostics and therapeutics

Progress in Biomedical Optics and Imaging - Proceedings of SPIE

Volumn 7180, Issue , 2009, Pages

  Hibbs Brenner, M K ^a   Johnson, K L ^a   Bendett, M ^b  

^a Vixar   (United States)

^b Lockheed Martin Aculight   (United States)

Author keywords

Biomedical sensor; Near infra red; Neurostimulation; Red; VCSEL; Vertical cavity curface emitting laser

Indexed keywords

BIOMEDICAL SENSOR; NEAR INFRA-RED; NEUROSTIMULATION; RED; VCSEL; VERTICAL CAVITY CURFACE EMITTING LASER;

APPROXIMATION THEORY; BIOSENSORS; CHIP SCALE PACKAGES; LIGHT; NEURONS; PHOTONS; TWO DIMENSIONAL;

SURFACE EMITTING LASERS;

EID: 65949099709     PISSN: 16057422     EISSN: None     Source Type: Conference Proceeding    
DOI: 10.1117/12.815307     Document Type: Conference Paper

References (37)

1. Soda, H., Iga, K., Kitahar, C., and Suematsu, Y., "GaInAsP/InP Surface Emitting Injection Lasers," Japanese Journal of Applied Physics 18 (12), 2329-2330, (1979).
2. Koyama, F., Kinoshita, S., and Iga, K., "Room temperature continuous wave lasing characteristics of GaAs vertical cavity surface-emitting laser," Appl. Phys. Lett. 55(3), 221-222, (1989)
3. Jewell, J.L., McCall, S.L., Scherer, A., Houh, H.H., Whitaker, N.A., Gossard, A.C., and English, J.H., "Transverse modes, waveguide dispersion and 30-ps recovery in submicron GaAs/AlAs microresonators," Appl. Phys. Lett. 55, 22-24 (1989)
4. Geels, R., and Coldren, L.A., "Narrow-linewidth, low threshold vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers," in 12th IEEE Int Semiconductor Laser Conf. B-1, 16-17 (1990).
5. Wipiejewski, T., Panzlaf, K., Zeeb, E., Ebeling, K.J., "Submilliamp vertical cavity laser diode structure with 2.2nm continuous tuning," in 18th European Conf. Opt. Comm. '92, PDII-4 (1992)
6. Lee, Y.H., Tell, B., Brown-Goebeler, K.F., Leibenguth, R.E., and Mattera, V.D., "Deep-red continuous wave topsurface- emitting vertical-cavity AlGaAs superlattice lasers," IEEE Photon Technol Lett 3(2), 108-109 (1991)
7. J.K. Guenter, R.A. Hawthorne, D.N.Granville, M.K. Hibbs-Brenner, and R.A.Moregan, "Reliability of protonimplanted VCSELs for data communications," Proc. SPIE 2683, 1 (1996) .
8. "Chairman of Finisar ponders fiber's future," EE Times, ( 2006)
9. M.H. Crawford, K.D. Choquette, R.J. Hickman, and K.M. Geib, "Performance of selectively oxidized AlGaInP - based visible VCSELs," OSA Trends Optics Photon Series 15, 104-105 (1998)
10. K. Johnson and M. Hibbs-Brenner, "High output power 670nm VCSELs," Proc SPIE 6484, (2007)
11. H.-E. Shin, Y.-G. Ju, H.-H. Shin, J.-H. Ser, T. Kim, E.-K. Lee, I. Kim, and Y.-H. Lee, "780nm oxidized vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers with Al0.11Ga0.89As quantum wells," Electron Lett 32, 1287-1288 (1996) (Pubitemid 126511303)
12. M.C. Larson, M. Kondow, T. Kitatani, K. Nakahara, K. Tamura, H. Inoue and K. Uomi, "Room temperature pulsed operation of GaInNAs/GaAs long wavelength vertical cavity lasers," IEEE/LEOS '97, PD1.3 (1997)
13. K.D. Choquette, J.F. Klem, A.J. Fischer, O. Blum, A.A. Allerman, I.J. Fritz, S.R. Kurtz, W.G. Breiland, R. Sieg, K.M. Geib, J.W. Scott, and R.L. Naone, "Room temperature continuous wave InGaAsN quantum wellvertical-cavity lasers emitting at 1.3 μ m," Electron Lett 36, 1388-1390 (2000)
14. R. Shau, M. Ortsiefer, J. Rosskopf, G. Böhm, F. Köhler, and M.-C. Amann, "Vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser diodes at 1.55 μ m with large output power and high operation temperature," Electron. Lett. 37, 1295-1296 (2001)
15. J.E. Sinex, "Pulse oximetry principals and limitations," J Emerg Med 17, 59-67 (1999)
16. S.J. Barker and J.J. Badal, "The measurement of dyshemoglibins and total hemoglobin by pulse oximetry," Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 21, 805-810 (2008)
17. C. Albano, L. Comandante, S. Nolan, "Innovations in the management of cerebral injury," Crit Care Nursing Q 28, 135-149 (2005) (Pubitemid 40548305)
18. D.E. Myers, L.D. Anderson, R.P. Seifert, J.P. Ortner, C.E. Cooper, G.J. Beilman, J.D. Mowlem, "Noninvasive method for measuring local hemoglobin oxygen saturation in tissue using wide-gap second derivative near-infrared spectroscopy," J Biomed Opt 10, (2005)
19. X. Cheng, J.M. Mao, X. Xu, M. Elmandjra, R. Bush, L. Christenson, B. O'Keefe, J. Bry, "Post-occlusive reactive hyperemia in patients with peripheral vascular disease," Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 31, 11-21 (2004) (Pubitemid 39106826)
20. M.P. Hudson, R.H. Christenson, K. Newby, A.L. Kaplan, E.M. Ohman, "Cardiac markers: point of care testing," Clin Chim Acta 284, 223-237 (1999) (Pubitemid 29299405)
21. A.H. Wu, A. Smith, R.H. Christenson, M.M. Murakami, F.S. Apple, "Evaluation of a point-of-care assay for cardiac markers for patients suspected of acute myocardial infarction," Clin Chim Acta 346, 211-219 (2004) (Pubitemid 38901053)
22. B.W. Lee, M.R. Olin, G.L. Johnson, R.J. Griffin, "In vitro and in vivo apoptosis detection using membrane permeant fluorescent-labeled inhibitors of caspases," Methods Mol Biol 414, 109-135 (2008)
23. Galvani, L., "De viribus electricitatis in motu musculari commentarius," De Bononiensi Scientiarum et Artium Instituto atque Academia Commentarii 7, 363-418 (1791)
24. Fritsch, G. and Hitzig, E., "," Arch Anat Physiol Wiss Med 37, 300 (1870)
25. Geddes, L.A. and Bourland, J.D., "," Med Biol Eng Comput 23, 131 (1985)
26. Counter, S., "Electromagnetic stimulation of the auditory system: Effects and side-effects," Scand Audiol Supp 37, 1-32 (1993) (Pubitemid 23250331)
27. Brummer, S. Robblee, L., Hambrecht, F., "Criteria for selecting electrodes for electrical stimulation: Theoretical and practical considerations," Ann NY Acad Sci 405, 159-171 (1983)
28. Shannon, R.A., "A model of safe levels for electrical stimulation," IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 39, 424-426 (1992)
29. Matsushima, J., Miyoshi, S., Takeichi, N., Uemi, N., Sakajiri, M., Ifukube, T., "A method to reduce the current spread in cochlear implants," Adv Otorhinolaryngol 52, 106-109 (1997)
30. Vanpoucke, F., Zarowski, A., Casselman, J., Frijns, J., Peeters, S., "The facial nerve canal: An important cochlear conduction path revealed by Clarion electrical field imaging," Otol Neurotol 25, 282-289 (2004) (Pubitemid 39079809)
31. Norton, S.I., "," Biomed Eng Online 2, 6 (2003)
32. Wagner, T., Gangitano, M., Romero, R., Theoret, H., Kobayashi, M., Anschel, D., Ives, J., Cuffin, N., Schomer, D., and Pascual-Leone, A., "," Neurosci Lett 354, 91 (2004)
33. Wells, J., Kao, C., Mariappan, K., Albea, J., Jansen, E.D., Konrad, P., and Mahadevan-Jansen, A., "," Optics Lett 30, 504-506 (2005)
34. Izzo, A.D., Richter, C.-P., Jansen, E.D., Walsh, J.T., "Laser Stimulation of the Auditory Nerve," Lasers in Surgery and Medicine 38, 745-753 (2006) (Pubitemid 44522030)
35. Izzo, A., Jansen, E.D., Bendett, M., Webb, J., Ralph, H. And Richter, C.P., "Optical parameter variability in laser nerve stimulation: a study of pulse duration, repetition rate, and wavelength," IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 54, 1108-1114 (2007) (Pubitemid 46815115)
36. Izzo, A.D., Walsh, J.T., Jansen, E.D., Bendett, M., Webb, J., Ralph, H., Richter, C.-P., "Optical Parameter Variability in Laser Nerve Stimulation: A Study of Pulse Duration, Repitition Rate, and Wavelength," IEEE Trans on Biomed Eng 54, 1108-1114 (2007) (Pubitemid 46815115)
37. Johnson, K., Hibbs-Brenner, M., "High Output Power Red VCSELs," Proceedings of the SPIE: Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers XI 6484, (2007)