메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 138, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 187-200

Automatic Optimism: The Affective Basis of Judgments About the Likelihood of Future Events

Author keywords

affect heuristic; automatic optimism; desirability bias; risk judgments; unrealistic optimism

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AFFECT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; AWARENESS; COGNITION; CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY; DECISION MAKING; EGO; FEMALE; HUMAN; LEARNING; LIFE EVENT; MALE; MOTIVATION; PATTERN RECOGNITION; PERCEPTIVE THRESHOLD; RISK ASSESSMENT;

EID: 65749096693     PISSN: 00963445     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0015380     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (50)

References (51)
  • 2
    • 0031049598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deciding advantageously before knowing the advantageous strategy
    • Bechara A., Damasio H., Tranel D., and Damasio A.R. Deciding advantageously before knowing the advantageous strategy. Science 275 (1997, February 28) 1293-1294
    • (1997) Science , vol.275 , pp. 1293-1294
    • Bechara, A.1    Damasio, H.2    Tranel, D.3    Damasio, A.R.4
  • 4
    • 85046520713 scopus 로고
    • Rudimentary determinants of attitudes: II. Arm flexion and extension have differential effects on attitudes
    • Cacioppo J.T., Priester J.R., and Berntson G.G. Rudimentary determinants of attitudes: II. Arm flexion and extension have differential effects on attitudes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 65 (1993) 5-17
    • (1993) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.65 , pp. 5-17
    • Cacioppo, J.T.1    Priester, J.R.2    Berntson, G.G.3
  • 5
    • 33645073680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do approach-avoidance actions create attitudes?
    • Centerbar D.B., and Clore G.L. Do approach-avoidance actions create attitudes?. Psychological Science 17 (2006) 22-29
    • (2006) Psychological Science , vol.17 , pp. 22-29
    • Centerbar, D.B.1    Clore, G.L.2
  • 6
    • 0004311801 scopus 로고
    • Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention, University of Florida, Center for Research in Psychophysiology, Gainesville
    • Center for the Study of Emotion and Attention. The international affective picture system: Digitized photographs (1995), University of Florida, Center for Research in Psychophysiology, Gainesville
    • (1995) The international affective picture system: Digitized photographs
  • 7
    • 4544356980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Biases in social comparative judgments: The role of nonmotivated factors in above-average and comparative-optimism effects
    • Chambers J.R., and Windschitl P.D. Biases in social comparative judgments: The role of nonmotivated factors in above-average and comparative-optimism effects. Psychological Bulletin 130 (2004) 813-838
    • (2004) Psychological Bulletin , vol.130 , pp. 813-838
    • Chambers, J.R.1    Windschitl, P.D.2
  • 9
    • 58149206254 scopus 로고
    • Motivated skepticism: Use of differential decision criteria for preferred and nonpreferred conclusions
    • Ditto P.H., and Lopez D.F. Motivated skepticism: Use of differential decision criteria for preferred and nonpreferred conclusions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 63 (1992) 568-584
    • (1992) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.63 , pp. 568-584
    • Ditto, P.H.1    Lopez, D.F.2
  • 10
    • 44249107556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of unilateral motor behaviors on the judgment of valenced stimuli
    • Dru V., and Cretenet J. Influence of unilateral motor behaviors on the judgment of valenced stimuli. Cortex 44 (2008) 717-727
    • (2008) Cortex , vol.44 , pp. 717-727
    • Dru, V.1    Cretenet, J.2
  • 11
    • 0011557131 scopus 로고
    • On cognitive illusions and their implications
    • Arkes H.R., and Hammond K.R. (Eds), Cambridge University Press, New York
    • Edwards W., and von Winterfeldt D. On cognitive illusions and their implications. In: Arkes H.R., and Hammond K.R. (Eds). Judgment and decision making: An interdisciplinary reader (1986), Cambridge University Press, New York 642-679
    • (1986) Judgment and decision making: An interdisciplinary reader , pp. 642-679
    • Edwards, W.1    von Winterfeldt, D.2
  • 12
    • 0000826408 scopus 로고
    • Dissonance and self-perception: An integrative view of each theory's proper domain of application
    • Fazio R.H., Zanna M.P., and Cooper J. Dissonance and self-perception: An integrative view of each theory's proper domain of application. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 13 (1977) 464-479
    • (1977) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 464-479
    • Fazio, R.H.1    Zanna, M.P.2    Cooper, J.3
  • 14
    • 0030240207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of overt head movements on memory for valenced words: A case of conceptual-motor compatibility
    • Forster J., and Strack F. Influence of overt head movements on memory for valenced words: A case of conceptual-motor compatibility. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 71 (1996) 421-430
    • (1996) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.71 , pp. 421-430
    • Forster, J.1    Strack, F.2
  • 15
    • 0031304065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor actions in retrieval of valenced information: A motor congruence effect
    • Forster J., and Strack F. Motor actions in retrieval of valenced information: A motor congruence effect. Perceptual and Motor Skills 85 (1997) 1419-1427
    • (1997) Perceptual and Motor Skills , vol.85 , pp. 1419-1427
    • Forster, J.1    Strack, F.2
  • 16
    • 0032091868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motor actions in retrieval of valenced information: II. Boundary conditions for motor congruence effects
    • Forster J., and Strack F. Motor actions in retrieval of valenced information: II. Boundary conditions for motor congruence effects. Perceptual and Motor Skills 86 (1998) 1423-1426
    • (1998) Perceptual and Motor Skills , vol.86 , pp. 1423-1426
    • Forster, J.1    Strack, F.2
  • 17
    • 0001198783 scopus 로고
    • Emotion, cognitive structure, and action tendency
    • Frijda N.H. Emotion, cognitive structure, and action tendency. Cognition and Emotion 1 (1987) 115-143
    • (1987) Cognition and Emotion , vol.1 , pp. 115-143
    • Frijda, N.H.1
  • 19
    • 0001376349 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review
    • Gross J.J. The emerging field of emotion regulation: An integrative review. Review of General Psychology 2 (1998) 271-299
    • (1998) Review of General Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 271-299
    • Gross, J.J.1
  • 22
    • 0000125532 scopus 로고
    • Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk
    • Kahneman D., and Tversky A. Prospect theory: An analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica 47 (1979) 263-291
    • (1979) Econometrica , vol.47 , pp. 263-291
    • Kahneman, D.1    Tversky, A.2
  • 23
    • 0030210943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nonunique invulnerability: Singular versus distributional probabilities and unrealistic optimism in comparative risk judgments
    • Klar Y., Meding A., and Sarel D. Nonunique invulnerability: Singular versus distributional probabilities and unrealistic optimism in comparative risk judgments. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes 67 (1996) 228-245
    • (1996) Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , vol.67 , pp. 228-245
    • Klar, Y.1    Meding, A.2    Sarel, D.3
  • 24
    • 33846114810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of outcome desirability on optimism
    • Krizan Z., and Windschitl P.D. The influence of outcome desirability on optimism. Psychological Bulletin 133 (2007) 95-121
    • (2007) Psychological Bulletin , vol.133 , pp. 95-121
    • Krizan, Z.1    Windschitl, P.D.2
  • 25
    • 2342588196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Egocentrism and focalism in unrealistic optimism (and pessimism)
    • Kruger J., and Burrus J. Egocentrism and focalism in unrealistic optimism (and pessimism). Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 40 (2004) 332-340
    • (2004) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 332-340
    • Kruger, J.1    Burrus, J.2
  • 26
    • 0025520005 scopus 로고
    • The case for motivated reasoning
    • Kunda Z. The case for motivated reasoning. Psychological Bulletin 108 (1990) 480-498
    • (1990) Psychological Bulletin , vol.108 , pp. 480-498
    • Kunda, Z.1
  • 28
    • 0029304079 scopus 로고
    • The emotion probe: Studies of motivation and emotion
    • Lang P.J. The emotion probe: Studies of motivation and emotion. American Psychologist 50 (1995) 372-385
    • (1995) American Psychologist , vol.50 , pp. 372-385
    • Lang, P.J.1
  • 29
    • 65749095372 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affective reactions and judgments regarding a potential biohazard risk
    • Unpublished manuscript
    • Lench, H. C. (2008). Affective reactions and judgments regarding a potential biohazard risk. Unpublished manuscript.
    • (2008)
    • Lench, H.C.1
  • 30
    • 41549113732 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Automatic optimism: Biased use of base rate information for positive and negative events
    • Lench H.C., and Ditto P.H. Automatic optimism: Biased use of base rate information for positive and negative events. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 44 (2008) 631-639
    • (2008) Journal of Experimental Social Psychology , vol.44 , pp. 631-639
    • Lench, H.C.1    Ditto, P.H.2
  • 31
    • 84892027205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mastery of the passions: Reducing the desirability bias in judgments about the likelihood of future events
    • Manuscript submitted for publication
    • Lench, H. C., Herpin, R. E., & Sweeney, A. A. (2009). Mastery of the passions: Reducing the desirability bias in judgments about the likelihood of future events. Manuscript submitted for publication.
    • (2009)
    • Lench, H.C.1    Herpin, R.E.2    Sweeney, A.A.3
  • 32
    • 28244491982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of fear on risk and control judgments and memory: Implications for health promotion messages
    • Lench H.C., and Levine L.J. Effects of fear on risk and control judgments and memory: Implications for health promotion messages. Cognition and Emotion 19 (2005) 1049-1069
    • (2005) Cognition and Emotion , vol.19 , pp. 1049-1069
    • Lench, H.C.1    Levine, L.J.2
  • 33
    • 33750897387 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • My child is better than average: The extension and restriction of unrealistic optimism
    • Lench H.C., Quas J.A., and Edelstein R. My child is better than average: The extension and restriction of unrealistic optimism. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 36 (2006) 2963-2979
    • (2006) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 2963-2979
    • Lench, H.C.1    Quas, J.A.2    Edelstein, R.3
  • 37
    • 0001348166 scopus 로고
    • The effect of probability, desirability, and "privilege" on the stated expectations of children
    • Marks R.W. The effect of probability, desirability, and "privilege" on the stated expectations of children. Journal of Personality 19 (1951) 332-351
    • (1951) Journal of Personality , vol.19 , pp. 332-351
    • Marks, R.W.1
  • 38
    • 85004870430 scopus 로고
    • It won't happen to me: Unrealistic optimism or illusion of control?
    • McKenna F.P. It won't happen to me: Unrealistic optimism or illusion of control?. British Journal of Psychology 84 (1993) 39-50
    • (1993) British Journal of Psychology , vol.84 , pp. 39-50
    • McKenna, F.P.1
  • 39
    • 0034218956 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Approach and avoidance: The influence of proprioceptive and exteroceptive cues on encoding of affective information
    • Neumann R., and Strack F. Approach and avoidance: The influence of proprioceptive and exteroceptive cues on encoding of affective information. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79 (2000) 39-48
    • (2000) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.79 , pp. 39-48
    • Neumann, R.1    Strack, F.2
  • 40
    • 0035463005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implicit attitude formation through classical conditioning
    • Olson M.A., and Fazio R.H. Implicit attitude formation through classical conditioning. Psychological Science 12 (2001) 413-417
    • (2001) Psychological Science , vol.12 , pp. 413-417
    • Olson, M.A.1    Fazio, R.H.2
  • 41
    • 33746725965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reducing automatically activated racial prejudice through implicit evaluative conditioning
    • Olson M.A., and Fazio R.H. Reducing automatically activated racial prejudice through implicit evaluative conditioning. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 32 (2006) 421-433
    • (2006) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.32 , pp. 421-433
    • Olson, M.A.1    Fazio, R.H.2
  • 42
    • 0034346309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The springs of action: Affective and analytical information processing in choice
    • Peters E., and Slovic P. The springs of action: Affective and analytical information processing in choice. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 26 (2000) 1465-1475
    • (2000) Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , vol.26 , pp. 1465-1475
    • Peters, E.1    Slovic, P.2
  • 44
    • 0042897398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • On the sequential nature of appraisal processes: Indirect evidence from a recognition task
    • Scherer K.R. On the sequential nature of appraisal processes: Indirect evidence from a recognition task. Cognition and Emotion 13 (1999) 763-793
    • (1999) Cognition and Emotion , vol.13 , pp. 763-793
    • Scherer, K.R.1
  • 45
    • 85024495835 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In search of realistic optimism: Meaning, knowledge, and warm fuzziness
    • Schneider S.L. In search of realistic optimism: Meaning, knowledge, and warm fuzziness. American Psychologist 56 (2001) 250-263
    • (2001) American Psychologist , vol.56 , pp. 250-263
    • Schneider, S.L.1
  • 46
    • 58149372958 scopus 로고
    • Mood, misattribution, and judgments of well-being: Informative and directive functions of affective states
    • Schwarz N., and Clore G.L. Mood, misattribution, and judgments of well-being: Informative and directive functions of affective states. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 45 (1983) 513-523
    • (1983) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.45 , pp. 513-523
    • Schwarz, N.1    Clore, G.L.2
  • 49
    • 0023968228 scopus 로고
    • Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health
    • Taylor S.E., and Brown J.D. Illusion and well-being: A social psychological perspective on mental health. Psychological Bulletin 103 (1988) 193-210
    • (1988) Psychological Bulletin , vol.103 , pp. 193-210
    • Taylor, S.E.1    Brown, J.D.2
  • 51
    • 0029265005 scopus 로고
    • Resistance of personal risk perceptions to debiasing interventions
    • Weinstein N.D., and Klein W.M. Resistance of personal risk perceptions to debiasing interventions. Health Psychology 14 (1995) 132-140
    • (1995) Health Psychology , vol.14 , pp. 132-140
    • Weinstein, N.D.1    Klein, W.M.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.