Development of letter position processing: Effects of age and orthographic transparency

Journal of Research in Reading

Volumn 32, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 180-198

  Ktori, Maria ^a   Pitchford, Nicola J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF NOTTINGHAM   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 65649137698     PISSN: 01410423     EISSN: 14679817     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9817.2009.01394.x     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Bouma, H. (1970). Interaction effects in parafoveal letter recognition. Nature, 226, 177 178.
2. Castles, A. Nation, K. (2006). How does orthographic learning happen? In S. Andrews (Ed.), From inkmarks to ideas: Current issues in lexical processing pp. 151 179). Hove : Psychology Press.
3. Chitiri, H. Willows, D.M. (1994). Word recognition in two languages and orthographies: English and Greek. Memory and Cognition, 22, 313 325. (Pubitemid 24121981)
4. Cohen, J. (1992). A power primer. Psychological Bulletin, 112, 155 159.
5. Coltheart, M., Rastle, K., Perry, C., Langdon, R. Ziegler, J. (2001). DRC: A dual route cascaded model of visual word recognition and reading aloud. Psychological Review, 108, 204 256. (Pubitemid 33604132)
6. Davis, C.J. (1999). The self-organising lexical acquisition and recognition (SOLAR) model of visual word recognition PhD Thesis, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Dissertation Abstracts International, 62, 594 403.
7. Davis, C.J. Bowers, J.S. (2006). Contrasting five theories of letter position coding. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception & Performance, 32, 535 557.
8. Estebanez, S. Meara, P. (1990). Psycholinguistic relativity: Language-specific visual searching strategies for English and Spanish natives and bilinguals. Revista Espanola le linguistica aplicada, 6, 63 72.
9. Frankish, C. Barnes, L. (2008). Lexical and sublexical processes in the perception of transposed-letter anagrams. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 61, 381 391.
10. Frith, U., Wimmer, H. Landerl, K. (1998). Differences in phonological recoding in German- and English-speaking children. Scientific Studies of Reading, 2, 31 54.
11. Grainger, J. van Heuven, W. (2003). Modelling letter position encoding in printed word perception. In P. Bonin (Ed.), The mental lexicon pp. 1 24). New York : Nova Science Publishers.
12. Green, D.W., Hammond, E.J. Supramaniam, S. (1983). Letters and shapes: Developmental changes in search strategies. British Journal of Psychology, 74, 11 16.
13. Green, D.W., Liow, S.J.R., Tng, S.K. Zielinski, S. (1996). Are visual search procedures adapted to the nature of the script? British Journal of Psychology, 87, 311 326. (Pubitemid 126696660)
14. Green, D.W. Meara, P. (1987). The effects of script on visual search. Second Language Research, 3, 102 117.
15. Hammond, E.J. Green, D.W. (1982). Detecting targets in letter and non-letter arrays. Canadian Journal of Psychology, 36, 67 82.
16. Humphreys, G.W., Evett, L.J., Quinlan, P.T. Besner, D. (1987). Orthographic priming: Qualitative differences between priming from identified and unidentified primes. In M. Coltheart (Ed.), Attention and performance XII: The psychology of reading pp. 105 125). Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
17. Jordan, T., Thomas, S., Patching, G. Scott-Brown, K. (2003a). Assessing the importance of letter pairs in initial, exterior and interior positions in reading. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 29, 883 893. (Pubitemid 37268933)
18. Jordan, T., Thomas, S., Patching, G. Scott-Brown, K. (2003b). Assessing the importance of letter pairs in reading - parafoveal processing is not the only view: Reply to Inhoff, Radach, Eiter and Skelly (2003). Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 29, 900 903. (Pubitemid 37268935)
19. Katz, L. Frost, R. (1992). Reading in different orthographies: The orthographic depth hypothesis. In R. Frost L. Katz (Eds.), Orthography, phonology, morphology and meaning pp. 67 84). Amsterdam : North Holland.
20. Ktori, M. Pitchford, N.J. (2008). Effect of orthographic transparency on letter position encoding: A comparison of Greek and English monoscriptal and biscriptal readers. Language and Cognitive Processes, 23, 258 281.
21. Ktori, M., van Heuven, W.J.B. Pitchford, N.J. (2008). GreekLex: A lexical database of Modern Greek. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments and Computers, 40, 773 783.
22. Mason, M. (1982). Recognition time for letters and non-letters: Effects of serial position, array size and processing order. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 8, 724 738.
23. Patel, T.K., Snowling, M.J. de Jong, P.F. (2004). A cross-linguistic comparison of children learning to read in English and Dutch. Journal of Education of Psychology, 96, 785 797. (Pubitemid 39666178)
24. Paulesu, E., McCrory, E., Fazio, F., Menoncello, L., Brunswick, N., Cappa, S.F. et al 2000). A cultural effect on brain function. Nature Neuroscience, 3, 91 96. (Pubitemid 30126354)
25. Peressotti, F. Grainger, J. (1995). Letter-position coding in random consonant arrays. Perception and Psychophysics, 57, 875 890.
26. Pitchford, N.J., Ledgeway, T. Masterson, J. (2008). Effect of orthographic processes in letter position encoding. Journal of Research in Reading: Special Issue: Orthographic Processes in Reading, 31, 97 116.
27. Plaut, D.C., McClelland, J.L., Seidenberg, M.S. Patterson, K. (1996). Understanding normal and impaired word reading: Computational principles in quasi-regular domains. Psychological Review, 103, 56 115. (Pubitemid 126421422)
28. Schonell, F.G. Schonell, F.E. (1952). Diagnostic and attainment testing 2nd edn). Edinburgh : Oliver & Boyd.
29. Seymour, P.H.K., Aro, M. Erskine, J.M. (2003). Foundation literacy acquisition in European orthographies. British Journal of Psychology, 94, 143 174. (Pubitemid 37189312)
30. Share, D.L. (1999). Phonological recoding and orthographic learning: A direct test of the self-teaching hypothesis. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 72, 95 129.
31. Van der Heijden, A.H.C. (1992). Selective attention in vision. London : Routledge.
32. Wagstaffe, J.K. (2006). The encoding of letter position in orthographic processing. PhD Thesis, University of Nottingham.
33. Wagstaffe, J.K., Pitchford, N.J. Ledgeway, T. (2005). Does central fixation account for medial letter facilitation in visual search? Perception, 34 (Suppl.), 150.
34. White, S.J., Johnson, R.L., Liversedge, S.P. Rayner, K. (2008) Eye movements when reading transposed text: The importance of word-beginning letters. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 34, 1261 1276.
35. Whitney, C. (2001). How the brain encodes the order of letters in a printed word: The SERIOL model and selective literature review. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 8, 221 243. (Pubitemid 33604173)
36. Whitney, C. (2008) Supporting the serial in the SERIOL model. Language and Cognitive Processes, 23, 824 865.
37. Ziegler, J.C. Goswami, U.C. (2005). Reading acquisition, developmental dyslexia and skilled reading across languages: A psycholinguistic grain size theory. Psychological Bulletin, 131, 3 29. (Pubitemid 40130968)