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Volumn 11, Issue 9, 2009, Pages 1979-1982

Facile synthesis of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-carbolines by one-pot domino three-component indole formation and nucleophilic cyclization

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBOLINE DERIVATIVE; COPPER; INDOLE DERIVATIVE; TRYPTOLINE;

EID: 65549162701     PISSN: 15237060     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/ol900460m     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (58)

References (58)
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    • Malacria, M.1
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    • For recent reviews, see: a
    • For recent reviews, see: (a) Domling, A.; Ugi, I. Angew Chema Int. Ed. 2000, 39, 3168-3210.
    • (2000) Angew Chema Int. Ed , vol.39 , pp. 3168-3210
    • Domling, A.1    Ugi, I.2
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    • (b) Domling, A. Chem. Rev. 2006, 106, 17-89.
    • (2006) Chem. Rev , vol.106 , pp. 17-89
    • Domling, A.1
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    • For other representative synthetic routes, see: a
    • For other representative synthetic routes, see: (a) Abramovitch, R. A.; Shapiro, D. J. Chem. Soc. 1956, 4589-4592.
    • (1956) J. Chem. Soc , pp. 4589-4592
    • Abramovitch, R.A.1    Shapiro, D.2
  • 37
    • 0038045341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dantale, S. W.; Soderberg, B. C. G. Teedron 2003, 59, 5507-5514.
    • (f) Dantale, S. W.; Soderberg, B. C. G. Teedron 2003, 59, 5507-5514.
  • 41
    • 38849124974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • For related heterocycle syntheses, see: a
    • For related heterocycle syntheses, see: (a) Ohta, Y.; Oishi, S.; Fujii, .; Ohno, H. Chem. Commun. 2008, 835-837.
    • (2008) Chem. Commun , pp. 835-837
    • Ohta, Y.1    Oishi, S.2    Fujii3    Ohno, H.4
  • 52
    • 66149153356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recently, we reported a selective ALcyclization with an aryl bromide moiety; see ref 8b
    • Recently, we reported a selective ALcyclization with an aryl bromide moiety; see ref 8b.
  • 53
    • 66149094582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bosch proposed that the arylsulfonyl group on the indole nitrogen would be transferred to the primary hydroxy group by the action of in situ generated t-BuOTs, and nucleophilic attack of the C-3 position of the resulting NH-indole furnishes the corresponding cyclization product; see ef 9
    • Bosch proposed that the arylsulfonyl group on the indole nitrogen would be transferred to the primary hydroxy group by the action of in situ generated t-BuOTs, and nucleophilic attack of the C-3 position of the resulting NH-indole furnishes the corresponding cyclization product; see ef 9.
  • 54
    • 66149097324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When NaH was used instead of t-BuOK, the desired product 6a was not obtained. This suggests that the C-3 cyclization proceeds through rearrangement ofthe arylsulfonyl group from the nitrogen atom ofthe indole to the hydroxyl group, as proposed by Bosch et al.
    • When NaH was used instead of t-BuOK, the desired product 6a was not obtained. This suggests that the C-3 cyclization proceeds through rearrangement ofthe arylsulfonyl group from the nitrogen atom ofthe indole to the hydroxyl group, as proposed by Bosch et al.
  • 55
    • 66149126864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The high polarity of 6d considerably lowered the chemical yield during purification with column chromatography over silica gel. Use of alumina column partly improved the yield of 6d (45%).
    • The high polarity of 6d considerably lowered the chemical yield during purification with column chromatography over silica gel. Use of alumina column partly improved the yield of 6d (45%).
  • 56
    • 66149146178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Other acids were less effective. For example, after indole formation with 1g, 2d, and 3d was completed, the reaction mixture was treated with polyphosphoric acid (PPA) to give 7c in only 19% yield.
    • Other acids were less effective. For example, after indole formation with 1g, 2d, and 3d was completed, the reaction mixture was treated with polyphosphoric acid (PPA) to give 7c in only 19% yield.
  • 57
    • 66149113203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The product 7e was obtained in 95% ee [Chiralcel OD-H, with a linear gradient of i-PrOH (20-40% over 45 min) in hexane in the presence of 0.1% Et2NH]. HPLC charts (7e and an enantiomeric mixture 7e/ent-7e) were given in the Suppoting Information.
    • The product 7e was obtained in 95% ee [Chiralcel OD-H, with a linear gradient of i-PrOH (20-40% over 45 min) in hexane in the presence of 0.1% Et2NH]. HPLC charts (7e and an enantiomeric mixture 7e/ent-7e) were given in the Suppoting Information.
  • 58
    • 66149150101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • It should be noted that the indole formation of Mannich adducts derived from 1g did not proceed when using aldehydes other than paraformaldehyde and amino esters
    • It should be noted that the indole formation of Mannich adducts derived from 1g did not proceed when using aldehydes other than paraformaldehyde and amino esters.


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