Neuroscience, moral reasoning, and the law

Behavioral Sciences and the Law

Volumn 27, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 219-236

  Knabb, Joshua J ^a   Welsh, Robert K ^a   Ziebell, Joseph G ^a   Reimer, Kevin S ^a  

^a AZUSA PACIFIC UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANTISOCIAL BEHAVIOR; CRIMINAL BEHAVIOR; CRIMINAL LAW; DECISION MAKING; EMOTION; EMPATHY; FORENSIC PSYCHIATRY; HIGH RISK BEHAVIOR; HUMAN; LEGAL COMPETENCE; LEGAL LIABILITY; MORALITY; NEUROIMAGING; NEUROSCIENCE; PREFRONTAL CORTEX; REVIEW;

AFFECT; BRAIN; COGNITION DISORDERS; CRIME; DECISION MAKING; FORENSIC MEDICINE; GYRUS CINGULI; HUMANS; MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; MORALS; MOTIVATION; NEUROSCIENCES; PREFRONTAL CORTEX;

EID: 65549084778     PISSN: 07353936     EISSN: 10990798     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/bsl.854     Document Type: Review

References (81)

1. Anderson, S., Bechara, A., Damasio, H., Tranel, D., & Damasio, A. (1999). Impairment of social and moral behavior related to early damage in human prefrontal cortex. Nature Neuroscience, 2, 1032-1037.
2. Aronson, J. D. (2007). Brain imaging, culpability and the juvenile death penalty. Psychology, Public Policy, and Law, 13, 115-142.
3. Baird, A., & Fugelsang, J. (2004). The emergence of consequential throught: Evidence from neuroscience. In S. Zeki & O. Goodenough (Eds.), Law and the brain (pp. 245-258). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
4. Banich, M. (2004). Cognitive neuroscience and neuropsychology. Boston, MA: Houghton Mifflin.
5. Beijani, B. (2002). Aggressive behavior induced by intraoperative stimulation in the triangle of Sano. Neurology, 59, 1425-1427.
6. Blair, R., & Cipolotti, L. (2000). Impaired social response revearsal. A case of "acquired sociopathy". Brain, 123, 1122-1141.
7. Bloch, K., & Mcmunigal, K. (2005). Criminal law: A contemporary approach: Cases, statutes, and problems. New York: Aspen.
8. Brower, M., & Price, B. (2001). Neuropsychiatry of frontal lobe dysfunction in violent and criminal behavior: A critical review. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 71, 720-726.
9. Burns, K., & Bechara, A. (2007). Decision making and free will: A neuroscience perspective. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 25, 263-280.
10. Burns, J., & Swerdlow, R. (2003). Right orbitofrontal tumor with pedophilia symptom and constructional apraxia sign. Archives of Neurology, 60, 437 440.
11. Carlin, D. A. (2007). Gross morphology and architectonics. In B. L. Miller, & J. L. Cummings (Eds.), The human frontal lobes: Functions and disorders (pp. 9 2-106). New York: Guilford.
12. Carter, C. S., Braver, T. S., Batch, D. M., Botvinick, M. M., Noll, D., & Cohen, J. D. (1998). Anterior cingulated cortex, error detection, and the online monitoring of performance. Science, 280, 747-749.
13. Casebeer, W., & Churchland, P. (2003). The neural mechanisms of moral cognition: A multiple-aspect approach to moral reasoning and decision making. Biol. Philosophy, 18, 169-194.
14. Chorvat, T., & McCabe, K. (2004). The brain and the law. In S. Zeki, & O. Goodenough (Eds.), Law and the brain (pp. 113-131). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
15. Chow, T. W., & Cummings, J. L. (2007). Frontal-subcortical circuits In B. L. Miller, & J. L. Cummings (Eds.), The human frontal lobes: Functions and disorders. (pp. 25-43). New York: Guilford.
16. Coricelli, G., Critchley, H. D., Joffily, M., O'Doherty, J. P., Sirigu, A., & Dolan, R. J. (2005). Regret and its avoidance: A neuroimaging study of choice behavior. Nature Neuroscience, 8, 1255-1262.
17. Cummings, J., & Miller, B. (2007). Conceptual and clinical aspects of the frontal lobes. In B. L. Miller, & J. L. Cummings (Eds.), The human frontal lobes: Functions and disorders (pp. 12-21). New York: Guilford.
18. Cunningham, W., Nezlek, J., & Banaji, M. (2004). Implicit and explicit ethnocentrism: Revisiting the ideologies of prejudice. Perspectives on Social Psychology Bulletin, 30, 1332-1346.
19. Damasio, A. (2003). Looking for Spinoza: Joy, sorrow, and the feeling brain. Orlando, FL: Harcourt.
20. Dempster, F. (1992). The rise and fall of the inhibitory mechanism: Toward a unified theory of cognitive development and aging. Developmental Review, 12(1), 45-75.
21. Dolan, M., Deakin, W., Roberts, N., & Anderson, I. (2002). Serotonergic and cognitive impairment in impulsive aggressive personality disordered offenders: Are there implications for treatment? Psychological Medicine, 32, 105-117.
22. Eastman, N., & Campbell, C. (2006). Neuroscience and legal determination of criminal responsibility. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 7, 311-318.
23. Eslinger, P. J., Flaherty-Craig, C. V., & Benton, A. L. (2004). Developmental outcomes after early prefrontal cortex damage. Brain and Cognition, 55(1), 84-103.
24. Farrow, T. F., Zheng, Y., Wilkinson, I. D., Spence, S. A., Deakin, J. F., & Tarrier, N. (2001). Investigating the functional anatomy of empathy and forgiveness. Neuroreport, 12, 2433-2438.
25. Finkel, N., & Parrott, W. (2006). Emotions and culpability: How the law is at odds with psychology, jurors, and itself. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
26. Fugelsang, J. A., & Dunbar, K. N. (2004). A cognitive neuroscience framework for understanding causal reasoning and the law. In S. Zeki, & O. Goodenough (Eds.), Law and the brain (pp. 157-166). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
27. Gazzaley, A., & D'Esposito, M. (2007). Unifying prefrontal cortex function. In B. L. Miller, & J. L. Cummings (Eds.), The human frontal lobes: Functions and disorders (pp. 18 7-206). New York: Guilford.
28. Gehring, W. J., & Knight, R. T. (2000). Prefrontal-cingulate interactions in action monitoring. Nature Neuroscience, 3, 516-520.
29. Glannon, W. (2006). Neuroethics. Bioethics, 20, 37-52.
30. Goldman, D. (1996). The search for genetic alleles contributing to self-destructive and aggressive behaviors. In D. Stoff, & R. Cairns (Eds.), Aggression and violence: Genetic, neurobiological, and biosocial perspectives (pp. 23 40). Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Erlbaum.
31. Grafman, J. (1995). Similarities and distinctions among current models of prefrontal cortical functions. Annual NY Academy of Science, 769, 33 7-368.
32. Grafman, J., Schwab, K., Warden, D., Pridgen, A., Brown, H. R., & Salazar, A. M. (1996). Frontal lobe injuries, violence, and aggression: A report of the Vietnam head injury study. Neurology, 46(5), 1231-1238.
33. Greene, J., & Cohen, J. (2004). For the law, neuroscience changes nothing and everything. In S. Zeki, & O. Goodenough (Eds.), Law and the brain (pp. 207-226). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
34. Greene, J., Nystrom, L., Engell, A., Darley, J., & Cohen, J. (2004). The neural bases of cognitive conflict and control in moral judgment. Neuron, 44, 389-400.
35. Greene, J., Sommerville, R. B., Nystrom, L. E., Darley, J. M., & Cohen, J. (2001). An fMRI investigation of emotional engagement in moral judgment. Science, 293, 2105-2108.
36. Haidt, J. (2001). The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral reasoning. Psychological Review, 108, 814-834.
37. Haidt, J. (2003). The moral emotions. In R. Davidson, K. Scherer, & H. Goldsmith (Eds.), Handbook of affective sciences (pp. 852-870). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
38. Heekeren, H. R., Wartenburger, I., Schmidt, H., Schwintowski, H., & Villringer, A. (2003). An fMRI study of simple ethical decision making. NeuroReport, 14, 1215-1219.
39. Hoffman, M. B. (2004). The neurocconomic path of the law. In S. Zeki, & O. Goodenough (Eds.), Law and the brain (pp. 3-20). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
40. Kaufer, D. I. (2007). The dorsolateral and cingulated cortex. In B. L. Miller, & J. L. Cummings (Eds.), The human frontal lobes: Functions and disorders (pp. 44-5 8). New York: Guilford.
41. Kemmelincier, M. (2005). The effects of race and social dominance orientation in simulated juror decision making. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 35, 1030-1045.
42. Kiehl, K., Smith, A., Hare, R., Mendrek, A., Forster, B., & Brink, J., et al. (2001). Limbic abnormalities in affective processing by criminal psychopaths as revealed by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Biological Psychiatry, 50, 677-684.
43. Kimberg, D. Y., & Farah, M. J. (1993). A unified account ofcognitive impairments following frontal lobe damage: The role of working memory in complex, organized behavior. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 122, 411-428.
44. Knoch, D., Pascual-Leone, A., Meyer, K., Treyer, V., & Fehr, E. (2006). Diminishing reciprocal fairness disrupting the right prefrontal cortex. Science, 314, 829-832.
45. Levy, N. (2006). Cognitive scientific challenges to morality. Philosophical Psychology, 19, 567-587.
46. Lewis, M. (1998). Emotional competence and development. In D. Pushkar, W. Bukowski, A. Schwartzman, D. Stack, & D. White (Eds.), Improving competence across the lifespan (pp. 27 36). New York: Plenum.
47. Litvan, I., Paulsen, J. S., Mega, M. S., & Cummings, J. L. (1998). Neuropsychiatric assessment of patients with hyperkinetic and hypokinctic movement disorders. Archives of Neurology, 55, 1313-1319.
48. Louden, J., & Skeem, J. (2007). Constructing insanity: jurors' prototypes, attitudes, and legal decision making. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 25, 449-470.
49. Lu, L. (2002). Category-specific naming deficits for objects and actions: Semantic attribute and grammatical role hypotheses. Neuropsychologia, 40, 1608-1621.
50. Martell, D. (1992). Forensic neuropsychology and the criminal law. Law and Human Behavior, 16, 313-336.
51. McCabe, K., Houser, D., Ryan, L., Smith, V., & Trouard, T. (2001). A functional imaging study of cooperation in two-person reciprocal exchange. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 98, 11832-11835.
52. Miller, B. (2007). The human frontal lobes: An introduction. In B. L. Miller, & J. L. Cummings (Eds.), The human frontal lobes: Functions and disorders (pp. 3-11). New York: Guilford.
53. Moll, J., Oliviera-Souza, R., Eslinger, P. J., Bramati, I., Maurao-Miranda, J., & Angelo, P. et al. (2002). The neural correlates of moral sensitivity: A functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation of basic and moral emotions. Journal of Neuroscience, 22, 2730-2736.
54. Moll, J., Oliveira-Souza, R., & Eslinger, P. (2003). Morals and the human brain: A working model. Neuroreport, 14, 299-305.
55. Moll, J., Oliveira-Souza, R., Moll, F., Ignacio, F., Bramati, I., & Caparelli-Daquer, E., et al. (2005a). The moral affiliations of disgust: A functional MRI study. Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology, 18, 68-78.
56. Moll, J., Zahn, R., Oliveira-Souza, R., Krueger, F., & Grafman, J. (2005b). The neural basis of human moral cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 6, 799-809.
57. Moreno, J. D. (2003). Neuroethics: An agenda for neuroscience and society. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 4, 149-153.
58. Nakao, T., Takazawa, T., & Miyatani, M. (2006). Function of the medial prefrontal cortex: Benchmark hypothesis. Japanese Psychological Review, 49, 592-612.
59. O'Hara, E. (2004). How neuroscience might advance the law. In S. Zeki & O. Goodenough (Eds.), Law and the brain (pp. 21-33). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
60. Ogar, J., & Gorno-Tempini, M. (2007). The orbitofrontal cortex and the insula. In B. L. Miller, & J. L. Cummings (Eds.), The human frontal lobes: Functions and disorders (pp. 5 9-67). New York: Guilford.
61. Paus, T., Zijdenbos, A., Worsley, K., Collins, D., & Blumental, J., et al. (1999). Structural maturation of neural pathways in children and adolescents: In vivo study. Science, 283, 1908-1911.
62. Posner, M.I., & DiGirolamo, G. (1998). Executive attention: Conflict target detection and Cognitive control. In R. Parasuraman (Ed.), The attentive brain (pp. 401-423). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
63. Raine, A., & Yang, Y. (2006). Neural foundations to moral reasoning and antisocial behavior. Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 1 (3), 203-213.
64. Rankin, K. (2007). Social cognition in frontal injury. In B. L. Miller, & J. L. Cummings (Eds.), The human frontal lobes: Functions and disorders (pp. 12-21). New York: Guilford.
65. Roper v. Simmons. 543 U.S. 551 (2005).
66. Saint-Cyr, J. A., Bronstein, Y. L., & Cummings, J. L. (2002). Neurobehavioral consequences of neurosurgical treatments and focal lesions of frontal sub-cortical circuits. In D. T. Stuss, & R. T. Knight (Eds.), Principles of frontal lobe function (pp. 408-427). New York: Oxford University Press.
67. Samango-Sprouse, C. (2007). Frontal lobe development in childhood. In B. L. Miller, & J. L. Cummings (Eds.), The human frontal lobes: Functions and disorders (pp. 576-593). New York: Guilford.
68. Sanfey, A., Rilling, J., Aronson, J., Nystrom, L., & Cohen, J. (2003). The neural basis of economic decision making in the ultimatum game. Science, 300, 1755-1758.
69. Sapolsky, R. M. (2004). The frontal cortex and the criminal justice system. In S. Zeki, & O. Goodenough (Eds.), Law and the brain (pp. 227-243). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
70. Scheffers, M. K., Coles, M. G. H., Bernstein, P., Gehring, W. J., & Donchin, E. (1996). Event-related brain potentials and error-related processing: An analysis of incorrect responses to go and no-go stimuli. Psychophysiology, 33(1), 42-53.
71. Spence, S. A., Hunter, M. D., Farrow, T. F., Green, R. D., Leung, D. H., Hughes, C. J., & Ganesan, V. (2004). A cognitive neurobiological account of deception: Evidence from functional neuroimaging. In S. Zeki, & O. Goodenough (Eds.), Law and the brain (pp. 169-182). Oxford: Oxford University Press.
72. Stuss, D., & Knight, R. (2002). Principles of frontal lobe function. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
73. Tanaka, S. (2004). Prediction of immediate and future rewards differentially recruits cortico-basal ganglia loops. Nature Neuroscience, 7, 887-893.
74. Velez, A. E., & Ostrosky-Solis, F. (2006). From morality to moral emotions. International Journal of Psychology, 41, 348-354.
75. Viding, E., Blair, R., Moffitt, T., & Plomin, R. (2005). Evidence for substantial genetic risk for psychopathy in 7-year-olds. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 46, 592-597.
76. Weber, S., Habel, U., Amunts, K., & Schneider, F. (2008). Structural brain abnormalities in psychopaths-a review. Behavioral Sciences and the Law, 26, 7-28.
77. Weissenberger, A. (2001). Aggression and psychiatric comorbidity in children with hypothalamic harnartomas and other unaffected siblings. Journal of the Academy of Child Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 696-703.
78. Wood, J., Romero, S., Knutson, K., & Grafman, J. (2005). Representations of attitudinal knowledge: Role of prefrontal cortex, amygdala and parahippocampal gyrus. Neuropsychologia, 43, 249-259.
79. Wood, J., & Grafman, J. (2003). Human prefrontal cortex: Processing and representational perspectives. Nature Reviews Neurscience, 4, 139-147.
80. Yang, Y., Raine, A., Lencz, T., Bilule, S., LaCasse, L., & Colletti, P. (2005). Volume reduction in prefrontal gray matter in unsuccessful criminal psychopaths. Biological Psychiatry, 57, 1103-1108.
81. Zak, P. J. (2004). Neurocconomics. In S. Zeki, & O. Goodenough (Eds.), Law and the brain (pp. 133-153). Oxford: Oxford University Press.