The prevention of depression in children and adolescents: A review

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 54, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 212-221

  Gladstone, Tracy R G ^a,b,c   Beardslee, William R ^b,c  

^a WELLESLEY COLLEGE   (United States)

^b BOSTON CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (United States)

^c HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

Adolescents; Children; Cognitive behavioural; Depression; Interpersonal; Intervention; Prevention

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; BEHAVIOR THERAPY; CHILD; CHILD ABUSE; CLINICAL ASSESSMENT; CLINICAL FEATURE; CLINICAL PROTOCOL; COGNITIVE THERAPY; DEPRESSION; EVIDENCE BASED PRACTICE; FAMILY THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; MEDICAL EDUCATION; POVERTY; PSYCHOLOGIC ASSESSMENT; PSYCHOTHERAPY; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

EID: 65349157952     PISSN: 07067437     EISSN: 14970015     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/070674370905400402     Document Type: Review

References (75)

1. World Health Organization. The global burden of disease. Geneva (CE): WHO Press; 1996.
2. Greenberg PE, Kessler R, Birnbaum H. The economic burden of depression in the United States: how did it change between 1990 and 2000? J Clin Psychiatry. 2003;64:1465-1475.
3. Lynch F, Clarke G. Estimating the economic burden of depression in children and adolescents. Am J Prev Med. 2006;31:S143-S151.
4. Kovacs M. Next steps for research on child and adolescent depression prevention. Am J Prev Med. 2006;31:S184-S185.
5. Bardone AM, Moffitt T, Caspi A, et al. Adult mental health and social outcomes of adolescent girls with depression and conduct disorder. Dev Psychopathol. 1996;8:811-829.
6. Bardone AM, Moffitt T, Caspi A. Adult physical health outcomes ofadolescent girls with conduct disorder, depression and anxiety. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1998;37:594-601.
7. Lewinsohn PM, Pettit JW, Joiner TE, et al. The symptomatic expression of major depressive disorder in adolescents and young adults. J Abnorm Psychol. 2003;112:244-253.
8. Rao U, Ryan ND, Birmaher B, et al. Unipolar depression in adolescents: clinical outcome in adulthood. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34:566 -578.
9. Weissman MM, Wolk S, Goldstein RB, et al. Depressed adolescents grown up. JAMA. 1999;17:7-13.
10. Rubin KH, Both L, Zahn-Waxler C, et al. Dyadic play behaviors of children of well and depressed mothers. Dev Psychopathol. 1991;3:243-251.
11. Harnish JD, Dodge KA, Valente E. Mother-child interaction quality as a partial mediator of the roles of maternal depressive symptomatology and socioeconomic status in the development ofchild behavior problems. Child Dev. 1995;66:739-753.
12. Costello EJ, Pine DS, Hammen C, et al. Development and natural history of mood disorders. Biol Psychiatry. 2002;52:529-542
13. Kessler R, Walters EE. Epidemiology of DSM-III-R major depression and minor depression among adolescents and young adults in the National Comorbidity Survey. Depress Anxiety. 1998;7:3-15.
14. Birmaher B, Ryan ND, Brent D, et al. Child and adolescent depression: a review of the past ten years. Part I. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996;35:1427-1439.
15. Birmaher B, Ryan ND, Williamson DE, et al. Child and adolescent depression: a review of the past ten years. Part II. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996;35:1575-1583.
16. Kessler R, Wai CT, Demler O, et al. Prevalence, severity, and comorbidity of 12-month DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62:617-627.
17. March JS, Silva S, Petrycki S. Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study Team. Fluoxetine, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and their combination for adolescents with depression. JAMA. 2004;292:807-820.
18. National Research Council and Institute of Medicine. Prevention Committee. Preventing emotional and behavioral disorders among young people: progress and possibilities. [place unknown]: National Academies Press;2009.
19. Mrazek PJ, Haggerty RJ. Reducing risks for mental disorders: frontiers for preventive research. Washington (DC): National Academy Press; 1994.
20. Evans DL, Foa EB, Gur RE, et al. Treating and preventing adolescent mental health disorders: what we know and what we don't know. New York (NY): Oxford University Press; 2005.
21. The National Advisory Mental Health Council Workgroup on Child and Adolescent Mental Health Intervention Development and Deployment. Blueprint for change: research on child and adolescent mental health. Washington (DC): The National Institute ofMental Health, Office of Communications and Public Liaison; 2001.
22. Horowitz JL, Garber J. The prevention of depressive symptoms in children and adolescents: a meta-analytic review. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2006;74(3):401-415.
23. Merry SN, McDowell H, Hetrick S, et al. Psychological and/or educational interventions for the prevention of depression in children and adolescents. The Cochrane Database ofSystematic Reviews. 2006;3:1-107.
24. Angst J, Sellaro R, Merikangas KR. Depressive spectrum diagnoses. Compr Psychiatry. 2000;41:39-47.
25. Gillham JE, Shatte AJ, Freres DR. Preventing depression: a review of cognitive-behavioral and family interventions. App Prev Psychol. 2000;9(2):63-88.
26. Kaslow NJ, Thompson MP. Applying the criteria for empirically supported treatments to studies of psychosocial interventions for child and adolescent depression. J Clin Child Psychol. 1998;27:146-155.
27. Gillham J, Reivich K, Jaycox L, et al. The Penn Resiliency Program. Philadelphia (PA): University of Pennsylvania; 1990.
28. Gillham J, Brunwasser SM, Freres DR. Preventing depression in early adolescence. In: Abela JRZ, Hankin BL, editors. Handbook of depression in children and adolescents. New York (NY): Guilford Press; 2008. p 309-322.
29. Jaycox L, Reivich K, Gillham J, et al. Prevention of depressive symptoms in school children. Behav Res Ther. 1994;32:801-816.
30. Gillham JE, Hamilton J, Freres DR, et al. Preventing depression among early adolescents in the primary care setting: a randomized controlled study of the Penn Resiliency Program. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2006;34(2):203-219.
31. Lewinsohn PM, Roberts R, Seeley J, et al. Adolescent psychopathology: II. Psychosocial risk factors for depression. J Abnorm Psychol. 1994;103:302-315.
32. Clarke G, Hawkins W, Murphy M, et al. Targeted prevention of unipolar depressive disorder in an at-risk sample ofhigh school adolescents: a randomized trial of a group cognitive intervention. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1995;34:312-321.
33. Clarke G, Hornbrook M, Lynch F, et al. A randomized trial ofa group cognitive intervention for preventing depression in adolescent offspring ofdepressed parents. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2001;58:1127-1134.
34. Clarke G, Gladstone T, DeBar L, et al. Coping with stress course: prior effectiveness research, revision and improvements. Paper presented at the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; 2007; Boston (MA).
35. Garber J, Clarke G, Brent D, et al. Preventing depression in at-risk adolescents: design and sample characteristics. Paper presented at the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; 2007; Boston (MA).
36. Weersing R, Brent D, Garber J, et al. Prevention of depression in at-risk adolescents: outcome at 8 months. Paper presented at the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry; 2007; Boston (MA).
37. Mufson L, Dorta KP, Moreau D, et al. Interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed adolescents. 2nd ed. New York (NY): Guilford Press; 2004.
38. Mufson L, Dorta KP, Wickramaratne P, et al. A randomized effectiveness trial of interpersonal psychotherapy for depressed adolescents. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004;61:577-584.
39. Horowitz JL, Garber J, Ciesla JA, et al. Prevention of depressive symptoms in adolescents: a randomized trial of cognitive-behavioral and interpersonal prevention programs. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2007;75:693-706.
40. Young JF, Mufson L, Davies M. Efficacy of interpersonal psychotherapy-adolescent skills training: an indicated preventive intervention for depression. J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2006;47:1254-1262.
41. Young JF. Recent findings on interpersonal psychotherapy-adolescent skills training. Paper presented at the Society for Prevention Research; 2008; San Francisco (CA).
42. Spence SH, Sheffield JK, Donovan CL. Preventing adolescent depression: an evaluation of the problem solving for life program. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2003;71(1):3-13.
43. Spence SH, Sheffield JK, Donovan CL. Long-term outcome ofa school-based, universal approach to prevention of depression in adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2005;73(1):160-167.
44. Beardslee W, Keller MB, Seifer R, etal. Prediction of adolescent affective disorder: effects of prior parental affective disorders and child psychopathology. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1996;35:279-288.
45. Rutter M. Commentary: some focus and process considerations regarding effects ofparental depression on children. Dev Psychol. 1990;26:60-67.
46. Beardslee W, Salt P, Versage E, et al. Sustained change in parents receiving preventive interventions for families with depression. Am J Psychiatry. 1997;154(4):510-515.
47. Beardslee W, Versage E, Wright E, et al. Examination of preventive interventions for families with depression: evidence of change. Dev Psychopathol. 1997;9:109-130.
48. Beardslee WR, Wright EJ, Salt P, et al. Examination of children's responses to two preventive intervention strategies over time. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1997;36(2):196-204.
49. Beardslee WR, Gladstone TRG, Wright EJ, et al. A family-based approach to the prevention of depressive symptoms in children at risk: evidence of parental and child change. Pediatrics. 2003;112(2):E99-E111.
50. Beardslee W, Wright E, Gladstone T, et al. Long-term effects from a randomized trial of two public health preventive interventions for parental depression. J Fam Psychol. 2007;21:703-713.1
51. Podorefsky DL, McDonald-Dowdell M, Beardslee WR. Adaptation of preventive interventions for a low-income, culturally diverse community. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2001;40(8):879-886.
52. D'Angelo EJ, Llerena-Quinn R, Shapiro R, et al. Adaptation of the preventive intervention program for depression for use with Latino families. Fam Process. Forthcoming.
53. Solantaus T, Toikka T. The effective family programme: preventative services for the children of mentally ill parents in Finland. Int J Ment Health Promot. 2005;3:37-43.
54. Beardslee W, Hosman C, Solantaus T, et al. Children ofmentally ill parents: an opportunity for effective prevention all too often neglected. In: Hosman C, Jane-Llopis E, Saxena S, editors. Prevention ofmental disorders: effective interventions and policy options. Oxford (GB): Oxford University Press. Forthcoming.
55. Sandler IN, Wolchik SA, Davis CH, et al. Correlational and experimental study of resilience for children of divorce and parentally-bereaved children. In: Luthar SS, editor. Resilience and vulnerability: adaptation in the context of childhood adversities. New York (NY): Cambridge University Press; 2003. p 213-240.
56. Tein JY, Sandler IN, MacKinnon DP, et al. How did it work? Who did it work for? Mediation in the context of a moderated prevention effect for children of divorce. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2004;72:617-624.
57. Wolchik SA, West SG, Sandler IN, et al. An experimental evaluation of theory-based mother and mother-child programs for children of divorce. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2000;68:843-856.
58. Wolchik SA, Sandler IN, Millsap RE, et al. Six-year follow-up ofpreventive interventions for children of divorce: a randomized controled trial. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2002;288:1874-1881.
59. Sandler IN, Ayers TS, Wolchik SW, et al. Children suffering from family disruption: separation, divorce and bereavement. In: Hosman CMH, Jane-Llopis E, Saxena S, et al, editors. Prevention ofmental disorders: an overview on evidence-based strategies and programs. London (GB): World Health Organization. Forthcoming.
60. SandlerIN, Ayers TS, RomerAL. Fostering resilience in families in which a parent has died. J Palliat Med. 2002;5:945-956.
61. Sandler IN, Ayers TS, Wolchik SA, et al. The Family Bereavement Program: efficacy evaluation of a theory-based prevention program for parentally bereaved children and adolescents. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2003;71(3):587-600.
62. Sandler IN, Wolchik SA, Ayers TS. Resilience rather than recovery: a contextual framework on adaptation following bereavement. Death Stud. 2008;32:59-73.
63. Tein JY, Sandler IN, Ayers TS, et al. Mediation of the effects of the Family Bereavement Program on mental health problems of bereaved children and adolescents. Prev Sci. 2006;7:179-195.
64. Sandler IN, Wolchik SA, Ayers TS, et al. Linking theory and intervention to promote resilience ofchildren following parental bereavement. In: Stroebe M, Hansson M, Stroebe W, et al, editors. Handbookofbereavementresearch: consequence, coping and care. Washington (DC): American Psychological Association. Forthcoming.
65. Beardslee WR, Gladstone TRG. Prevention ofchildhood depression: recent findings andfuture prospects. Biol Psychiatry. 2001;49(12):1101-1110.
66. Rutter M, Quinton D. Psychiatric disorder: ecological factors and concepts of causation. In: McGurk H, editor. Ecological factors in human development. Amsterdam (NL); North-Holland Publishing Company; 1977. p. 173-187.
67. SameroffAJ, Bartko WT, BaldwinA, etal. Family and social influences onthe development of child competence. In: Lewis M, Feiring C, editors. Families, risk and competence. Mahwah (NJ): Erlbaum; 1998. p 161-185.
68. Gilman SE, Kawachi I, Fitzmaurice GM, et al. Socioeconomic status in childhood and the lifetime risk of major depression. Int J Epidemiol. 2002;31:359-367.
69. Widom CS, DuMont K, Czaja SJ. A prospective investigation ofmajor depressive disorder and comorbidity in abused and negected children grown up. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2007;64:49-56.
70. Molnar BE, Buka SL, Kessler RC. Child sexual abuse and subsequent psychopathology: results from the National Comorbidity Survey. Am J Public Health. 2001;91(5):753-760.
71. Sims B, Nottelmann E, Koretz DS, et al. Prevention of depression in children and adolescents. Am J Prev Med. 2007;32:451-455; erratum.
72. Avenevoli S, Merikangas KR. Implications of high-risk family studies for prevention of depression. Am J Prev Med. 2006;31:S126-S135.
73. Brent D, Holder D, Kolko D, et al. A clinical psychotherapy trial for adolescent depression comparing cognitive, family and supportive therapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1997;54:877-885.
74. Hammen C, Rudolph K, Weisz J, et al. The context ofdepression in clinic-referred youth: neglected areas in treatment. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999;38:64-71.
75. Barrera M. Directions for expanding the prevention of depression in children andadolescents. AmJ Prev Med. 2006;31:S182-S183.