Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in preschool children: An investigation of validation based on visual attention performance

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology

Volumn 19, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 137-146

  Tandon, Mini ^a   Si, Xuemei ^a   Belden, Andy ^a   Luby, Joan ^a  

^a WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTENTION; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER; CHILD; CONTROLLED STUDY; DEMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MENTAL TEST; PERFORMANCE; PRESCHOOL CHILD; SCORING SYSTEM;

AGE FACTORS; ATTENTION; ATTENTION DEFICIT DISORDER WITH HYPERACTIVITY; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DIAGNOSTIC AND STATISTICAL MANUAL OF MENTAL DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PREDICTIVE VALUE OF TESTS; PSYCHOMETRICS; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; SEX FACTORS; SOCIOECONOMIC FACTORS; TASK PERFORMANCE AND ANALYSIS; VALIDATION STUDIES AS TOPIC; VISUAL PERCEPTION;

EID: 65249102200     PISSN: 10445463     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/cap.2008.048     Document Type: Article

References (72)

1. Ablow JC, Measelle JR, Kraemer C, Harrington R, Luby J, Smi-der N, Dierker L, Clark V, Dubicka B, Heffelfinger A, Essex MJ, Kupfer DJ: The MacArthur three-city outcome study: Evaluating multi-informant measures of young children's symptomotology. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 38: 1580-1590, 1999.
2. American Psychiatric Association: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th ed. (DSM-IV). Washington (DC): American Psychiatric Association, 1994.
3. Armstrong JG, Goldstein LH, The MacArthur Working Group on Outcome Assessment: Manual for the MacArthur Health and Behavior Questionnaire (HBQ 1.0). MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Psychopathology and Development (David J. Kupfer, Chair), University of Pittsburgh, 2003.
4. Barkley RA: The ecological validity of laboratory and analogue assessment methods of ADHD symptoms. J Abnorm Child Psychol 19:149-178, 1991.
5. Barkley RA: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Handbook for Diagnosis and Treatment, 3rd edition. New York, Guilford Press, 2006, pp 219-247.
6. Barkley RA, DuPaul GJ, McMurray MB: A comprehensive evaluation of attention deficit disorder with and without hyperactivity. J Consult Clin Psychol 58:775-789, 1990.
7. Barkley RA, Fischer M, Smallish L, Fletcher K.: The persistence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder into young adulthood as a function of reporting source and definition of disorder. J Abnorm Psychol 111:279-289, 2002.
8. Biederman J, Faraone SV, Mick E, Spencer T, Wilens T, Kiely K et al: High risk for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder among children of parents with childhood onset of the disorder: A pilot study. Am J Psychiatry 152:431-435, 1995.
9. Biederman J, Wilens T, Mick E, Faraone S, Weber W, Curtis S, Thornell A, Pfister K, Garcia-Jetton J, Soriano J: Is ADHD a risk factor for psychoactive substance use disorders? Findings from a four-year prospective follow-up study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 36:21-29, 1997.
10. Bjorklund, D: Children's Thinking - Developmental Function and Individual Differences, 3rd ed. Belmont (California): Wadsworth, 2000.
11. Campbell SB: Behavioral Problems in Preschool Children. New York: Guilford Press, 1990.
12. Campbell SB, Breaux AM, Ewing LJ, Szumowski EK: Correlates and predictors of hyperactivity and aggression: A longitudinal study of parent-referred problem preschoolers. J Abnorm-Child Psychol 14:217-234, 1986.
13. Carter AS, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Davis NO: Assessment of young children's social-emotional development and psychopatholo-gy: Recent advances and recommendations for practice. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 45:109-134, 2004.
14. Chhabildas N, Pennington BF, Willcutt EG: A comparison of the neuropsychological profiles of the DSM-IV subtypes of ADHD. J Abnorm Child Psychol 29:529-540, 2001.
15. Claycomb CD, Ryan JJ, Miller LJ, Schnakenberg-Ott SD: Relationships among attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, induced labor and selected physiological and demographic variables. J Clin Psychol 60:689-693, 2004.
16. Connor DF: Preschool attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A review of prevalence, diagnosis, neurobiology, and stimulant treatment. J Dev Behav Pediatr 23:S1-S9, 2002.
17. Conners CK, Sitarenios G, Parker JDA, Epstein JN: The revised Conners' Parent Rating Scale (CPRS-R): Factor structure, reliability, and criterion validity. J Abnorm Child Psychol 26:257-268, 1998
18. Corkum PV, Siegel LS: Is the continuous performance task a valuable research tool for use with children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder? J Child Psychol Psychiatry 34:1217-1239, 1993.
19. DuPaul G: Parent and teacher ratings of ADHD symptoms: Psychometric properties in a community-based sample. J Clin Child Psychol 20:245-253, 1991.
20. DuPaul G, McGoey K, Eckert T, VanBrakle J: Preschool children with ADHD: Impairments in behavioral, social, and school functioning. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 40:508-515, 2001.
21. Earls F, Jung KG: Temperament and home environment characteristics as causal factors in the early development of childhood psychopathology. J Am Acad Child AdolescPsy-chiatry 26:491-498, 1987.
22. Egger HL, Ascher BH, Angold A: Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA). Durham (North Carolina): Duke University Medical Center, 1999.
23. Egger HL, Erkanli A, Keeler GM, Potts E, Walter BK, Angold A: Test-retest reliability of the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (PAPA). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 45: 538-549, 2006a.
24. Egger HL, Kondo D, Angold A: The epidemiology and diagnostic issues in preschool attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A review. Infants & Young Children 19:109-122, 2006b.
25. Epstein JN, Erkanli A, Conners CK, Klaric J, Costello JE, Angold A: Relations between continuous performance test performance measures and ADHD behaviors. J Abnorm Child Psychol 31:543-554, 2003.
26. Eyberg SM, Boggs SR, Algina J: Parent-child interaction therapy: A psychosocial model for the treatment of young children with conduct problem behavior and their families. Psycho-pharmacol Bull 31:83-91, 1995.
27. Fenske EC, Zalenski S, Krantz PJ, McClanahan LE: Age at intervention and treatment outcome for autistic children in a comprehensive intervention program. Anal Intervent Dev Disabil 5:49-58, 1985.
28. Gardner F: Methodological issues in direct observation of parent-child interaction: Do observational findings reflect thenatural behavior of participants? Clin Child Family Psychol Rev 3:185-198, 2000.
29. Gleason MM, Egger HL, Emslie GJ, Greenhill LL, Kowatch RA, Lieberman AF, Luby JL, Owens J, Scahill LD, Scheeringa MS, Stafford B, Wise B, Zeanah CH: Psychopharmacological treatment for very young children: Contexts and guidelines. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 46:1532-1572, 2007.
30. Goldman LS, Genel M, Bezman RJ, Slanetz PJ: Diagnosis and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. JAMA 279:1100-1107, 1998.
31. Goyette CH, Conners CK, Ulrich RF: Normative data on Revised Conners' Parent and Teacher Rating Scales. J Abnorm Child Psychol 6:221-236, 1978.
32. Halperin JM: The clinical assessment of attention. Int J Neurosci 58:171-182, 1991.
33. Heffelfinger AK, Koop JI: A description of preschool neuropsychological assessment in the P.I.N.T. Clinic after the first 5 years. Clin Neuropsychologist 23:51-76, 2008.
34. Harper GW, Ottinger DR: The performance of hyperactive and control preschoolers on a new computerized measure of visual vigilance: The preschool vigilance test. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 33:1365-1372, 1992.
35. Herman CS, Kirchner GL, Streissguth AP, Little RE: Vigilance paradigm for preschool children used to relate vigilance behavior to IQ and prenatal exposure to alcohol. Percept Motor Skills 50:863-867, 1980.
36. Inoue K, Nadaoka T, Oiji A, Morioka Y, Totsuka S, Kanbayashi Y, Hukui T: Clinical evaluation of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder by objective quantitative measures. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 28:179-188, 1998.
37. Kadesjo C, Kadesjo B, Hagglof B, Gillberg C: ADHD in Swedish 3- to 7-year-old children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 40:1021-1028, 2001.
38. Kagan J: Biology and the child. In: Handbook of Child Psychology: Social, Emotional and Personality Development. Edited by Damon W, Eisenberg N. New York: Wiley, 1998, pp 177-236.
39. Kerns KA, Rondeau LA: Development of a continuous performance test for preschool children. J Attent Disord 2:229-238, 1998.
40. Kollins S, Greenhill L, Swanson J, Wigal S, Abikoff H, McCracken J, Riddle M, McGough J, Vitiello B, Wigal T, Skrobala A, Posner K, Ghuman J, Davies M, Cunningham C, Bauzo A: Rationale, design, and methods of the Preschool ADHD Treatment Study (PATS). J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 45:1275-1283, 2006.
41. Korkman M, Kirk U, Kemp S: Manual for the NEPSY: A developmental neuropsychological assessment. The Psychological Corporation, Harcourt Assessment Company, San Antonio, Texas, 1998.
42. Lahey BB, Pelham WE, Loney J, Kipp H, Ehrhardt A, Lee SS, Willcutt EG, Hartung CM, Chronis A, Massetti G: 3 year predictive validity of DSM-IV ADHD in children diagnosed at 4 to 6 years of age. Am Journal Psych 161:2014-2020, 2004.
43. Lahey BB, Pelham WE, Loney J, Lee SS, Willcutt E: Instability of the DSM-IV subtypes of ADHD from preschool through elementary school. Arch Gen Psychiatry 62:896-902, 2005.
44. Lam LT: Attention deficit disorder and hospitalization due to injury among older adolescents in New South Wales, Australia. J Attent Disord 6:77-82, 2002.
45. Lavigne JV, Arend R, Rosenbaum D, Binns H, Chrisoffel KK: Psychiatric diagnoses with onset in the preschool years: Stability of diagnoses. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 37:1246-1254, 1998.
46. Luby, JL (ed): Handbook of Preschool Mental Health: Development, Disorders, and Treatment. New York: Guilford Press, 2006.
47. Luby JL, Belden AC, Pautsch J, Si X, Spitznagel E: The clinical significance of preschool depression: impairment in functioning and clinical markers of the disorder. J Affect Dis 112:111-119, 2009.
48. Luby J, Heffelfinger A, Mrakotsky C, Hildebrand T: Preschool Feelings Checklist. St. Louis (Missouri): Washington University, 1999.
49. Luby J, Heffelfinger A, Koenig-McNaught A, Brown K, Spitznagel E: The preschool feelings checklist: A brief and sensitive screening measure for depression in young children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 43:708-717, 2004.
50. Luby JL, Belden A, Sullivan J, Spitznagel E: Preschoolers' contribution to their diagnosis of depression and anxiety: Uses and limitations of young child self-report of symptoms. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 38:321-338, 2007.
51. Maniadaki K, Sonuga-Barke E, Kakouros E, Karaba R: ADHD symptoms and conduct problems: Similarities and differences in maternal perceptions. J Child Family Studies 15:463-477, 2006.
52. Mick E, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Sayer J, Kleinman S: Case control study of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and maternal smoking, alcohol use, and drug use during pregnancy. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 41:378-385, 2002.
53. Milberger S, Biederman J, Faraone SV, Murphy J, Tsuang MT: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and comorbid disorder: Issues of overlapping symptoms. Am J Psychiatry 152: 1793-1799, 1995.
54. MTA Cooperative Group: National Institute of Mental Health Multimodal Treatment Study of ADHD follow-up: 24-month outcomes of treatment strategies for ADHD. Pediatrics 113: 754-761, 2004
55. Nichols PL, Chen TC: Minimal brain dysfunction: A prospective study. Hillsdale (New Jersey): Erlbaum, 1981. Nolan E, Gadow KD, Sprafkin J: Teacher reports of DSM-IV ADHD, ODD, and CD symptoms in schoolchildren. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 40:241-249, 2001.
56. Palfrey JS, Levine MD, Walker DK, Sullivan M: The emergence of attention deficits in early childhood: A prospective study. J Dev Behav Pediatr 6:339-348, 1985.
57. Phillips PL, Greenson JN, Collett BR, Gimpel GA: Assessing ADHD symptoms in preschool children: Use of the ADHD symptoms rating scale. Early Educ Dev 13:283-300, 2002.
58. Posner K, Melvin GA, Murray DW, Gugga SS, Fisher P, Skrobala A, Cunningham C, Vitiello B, Abikoff HB, Ghuman JK, Kollins S, Wigal SB, Wigal T, McCracken JT, McGough JJ, Kastelic E, Boorady R, Davies M, Chuang SZ, Swanson JM, Riddle MA, Greenhill LL: Clinical presentation of attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder in preschool children: The preschoolers with attention-deficit/hyperactivity treatment study (PATS). J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 17:547-562, 2007.
59. Rappley MD: Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder. NEJM 352:165-173, 2005.
60. Rosvold HE, Mirsky AF, Sarason I, Bransome ED, Beck LH: A continuous performance test of brain damage. J Consult Psy-chol 20:343-350, 1956.
61. Ruff HA, Capozzoli M: Development of attention and distractibility in the first 4 years of life. Dev Psychol 39:877-890, 2003.
62. Ruff HA, Lawson KR: Long term stability of individual differences in sustained attention in the early years. Child Dev 61:60-75, 1990.
63. Shaffer D, Gould MS, Brasic P, Ambrosini P, Fisher P, Bird H, Aluwahlia S: A children's global assessment scale (CAS). Arch Gen Pschiatry 40:1228-1231, 1983.
64. Shaffer DR, Fisher P, Lucas C, Dulcan M & Schwab-Stone M: NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children version IV (NIMH-DISC-IV): Description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Pyschiatry 39:28-38, 2000.
65. Shaw P, Eckstrand K, Sharp W, Blumenthal J, Lerch JP, Greenstein D, Clasen L, Evans A, Giedd J, Rapoport JL: Attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder is characterized by a delay in cortical maturation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 104:19649-19654, 2007.
66. Sonuga-Barke EJS, Daley D, Thompson M, Swanson J: Preschool ADHD: Exploring uncertainties in diagnostic validity and utility, and treatment efficacy and safety. Expert Rev Neurotherapeut 3:465-476, 2003.
67. Steinhoff KW, Lerner M, Kapilinsky A, Kotkin R, Wigal S, Steinberg-Epstein R,Wigal T, Swanson JM: Attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder. In: Handbook of Preschool Mental Health: Development, Disorders, and Treatment. Edited by Luby JL. New York: Guilford Press, 2006, pp 63-79.
68. Smidts D, Oosterlaan J: How common are symptoms of ADHD in typically developing preschoolers? A study on prevalence rates and prenatal/demographic risk factors. Cortex 43:710-717, 2007.
69. Todd RD, Huang H, Todorov AA, Neuman RJ, Reiersen AM, Henderson CA, Reich WC: Predictors of stability of attentiondeficit/hyperactivity disorder subtypes from childhood to young adulthood. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 47:76-85, 2008.
70. Wakschlag LS, Leventhal BL, Briggs-Gowan MJ, Danis B, Keenan K, Hill C, Egger HL, Cicchetti D, Carter AS: Defining the "disruptive" in preschool behavior: What diagnostic observation can teach us. Clin Child Family Psychol Rev 3:183-201, 2005.
71. Wilens T, Biederman J, Brown S, Tanguay S, Monuteaux MC, Blake C, Spencer TJ: Psychiatric comorbidity and functioning in clinically referred preschool children and school-age youths with ADHD. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 41:262-268, 2002.
72. Zeanah CH Jr. (ed): Handbook of Infant Mental Health, 2nd ed. New York: Guilford Press, 2000.