메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 24, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 274-286

Corporate venture capital and the balance of risks and rewards for portfolio companies

Author keywords

Complementarities; Corporate venture capital; Relationship learning benefits; Relationship risks; Technology based new firms

Indexed keywords


EID: 64649092263     PISSN: 08839026     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2008.10.012     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (63)

References (70)
  • 1
    • 0000355662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value creation in e-business
    • Amit R., and Zott C. Value creation in e-business. Strategic Management Journal 22 6-7 (2001) 493-520
    • (2001) Strategic Management Journal , vol.22 , Issue.6-7 , pp. 493-520
    • Amit, R.1    Zott, C.2
  • 4
    • 0142231049 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Organizational dispute resolution systems: a complementarities model
    • Bendersky C. Organizational dispute resolution systems: a complementarities model. Academy of Management Review 28 4 (2003) 643-656
    • (2003) Academy of Management Review , vol.28 , Issue.4 , pp. 643-656
    • Bendersky, C.1
  • 8
    • 0001233581 scopus 로고
    • Alternative ways of assessing model fit
    • Bollen K.A., and Long J.S. (Eds), Sage, Newbury Park, CA
    • Browne M.W., and Cudeck R. Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: Bollen K.A., and Long J.S. (Eds). Testing Structural Equation Models (1993), Sage, Newbury Park, CA
    • (1993) Testing Structural Equation Models
    • Browne, M.W.1    Cudeck, R.2
  • 10
    • 0002133102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complementarity, status similarity and social capital as drivers of alliance formation
    • Chung S., Singh H., and Lee K. Complementarity, status similarity and social capital as drivers of alliance formation. Strategic Management Journal 21 1 (2000) 1-22
    • (2000) Strategic Management Journal , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-22
    • Chung, S.1    Singh, H.2    Lee, K.3
  • 11
    • 84936166194 scopus 로고
    • Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning and innovation
    • Cohen W.M., and Levinthal D.A. Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning and innovation. Administrative Science Quarterly 35 1 (1990) 128-152
    • (1990) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.35 , Issue.1 , pp. 128-152
    • Cohen, W.M.1    Levinthal, D.A.2
  • 12
    • 0001365095 scopus 로고
    • Obtaining strategic advantage from being imitated: when can encouraging clones pay
    • Conner K.R. Obtaining strategic advantage from being imitated: when can encouraging clones pay. Management Science 41 2 (1995) 209-225
    • (1995) Management Science , vol.41 , Issue.2 , pp. 209-225
    • Conner, K.R.1
  • 13
    • 0032365776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Between trust and control: developing confidence in partner cooperation in alliances
    • Das T.K., and Teng B.-S. Between trust and control: developing confidence in partner cooperation in alliances. Academy of Management Review 23 (1998) 491-512
    • (1998) Academy of Management Review , vol.23 , pp. 491-512
    • Das, T.K.1    Teng, B.-S.2
  • 14
    • 0002103691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A resource-based theory of strategic alliances
    • Das T.K., and Teng B.S. A resource-based theory of strategic alliances. Journal of Management 26 1 (2000) 31-61
    • (2000) Journal of Management , vol.26 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-61
    • Das, T.K.1    Teng, B.S.2
  • 15
    • 33845439549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formative versus reflective indicators in organizational measure development: a comparison and empirical illustration
    • Diamantopoulos A., and Siguaw J.A. Formative versus reflective indicators in organizational measure development: a comparison and empirical illustration. British Journal of Management 17 4 (2006) 263-282
    • (2006) British Journal of Management , vol.17 , Issue.4 , pp. 263-282
    • Diamantopoulos, A.1    Siguaw, J.A.2
  • 17
    • 56349147774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corporate venture capital: past evidence and future directions
    • Casson M., Yeung B., Basu A., and Wadeson N. (Eds), Oxford University Press, London, UK
    • Dushnitsky G. Corporate venture capital: past evidence and future directions. In: Casson M., Yeung B., Basu A., and Wadeson N. (Eds). The Oxford Handbook of Entrepreneurship (2006), Oxford University Press, London, UK
    • (2006) The Oxford Handbook of Entrepreneurship
    • Dushnitsky, G.1
  • 18
    • 0032348699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relational view: cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage
    • Dyer J.H., and Singh H. The relational view: cooperative strategy and sources of interorganizational competitive advantage. Academy of Management Review 23 4 (1998) 660-679
    • (1998) Academy of Management Review , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 660-679
    • Dyer, J.H.1    Singh, H.2
  • 19
    • 0001336426 scopus 로고
    • Agency theory-an assessment and review
    • Eisenhardt K.M. Agency theory-an assessment and review. Academy of Management Review 14 1 (1989) 57-74
    • (1989) Academy of Management Review , vol.14 , Issue.1 , pp. 57-74
    • Eisenhardt, K.M.1
  • 20
    • 0000009769 scopus 로고
    • Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error
    • Fornell C., and Larcker D.F. Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research 18 1 (1981) 39-50
    • (1981) Journal of Marketing Research , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-50
    • Fornell, C.1    Larcker, D.F.2
  • 22
    • 0030526890 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bad for practice: a critique of the transaction cost theory
    • Ghoshal S., and Moran P. Bad for practice: a critique of the transaction cost theory. Academy of Management Review 21 1 (1996) 13-47
    • (1996) Academy of Management Review , vol.21 , Issue.1 , pp. 13-47
    • Ghoshal, S.1    Moran, P.2
  • 24
    • 1042263965 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A knowledge accessing theory of strategic alliances
    • Grant R.M., and Baden-Fuller C. A knowledge accessing theory of strategic alliances. Journal of Management Studies 41 1 (2004) 61-84
    • (2004) Journal of Management Studies , vol.41 , Issue.1 , pp. 61-84
    • Grant, R.M.1    Baden-Fuller, C.2
  • 25
    • 21344443040 scopus 로고
    • Social structure and alliance formation patterns: a longitudinal analysis
    • Gulati R. Social structure and alliance formation patterns: a longitudinal analysis. Administrative Science Quarterly 40 4 (1995) 619-652
    • (1995) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.40 , Issue.4 , pp. 619-652
    • Gulati, R.1
  • 27
    • 0036098360 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A theory of strategic venture investing
    • Hellmann T. A theory of strategic venture investing. Journal of Financial Economics 64 2 (2002) 285-314
    • (2002) Journal of Financial Economics , vol.64 , Issue.2 , pp. 285-314
    • Hellmann, T.1
  • 28
    • 0013118760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Venture capital and the professionalization of start-up firms: empirical evidence
    • Hellmann T., and Puri M. Venture capital and the professionalization of start-up firms: empirical evidence. Journal of Finance 57 1 (2002) 169-197
    • (2002) Journal of Finance , vol.57 , Issue.1 , pp. 169-197
    • Hellmann, T.1    Puri, M.2
  • 29
    • 42049087669 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Strategy-organization configurations in corporate venture units: impact on performance and survival
    • Hill S.A., and Birkinshaw J. Strategy-organization configurations in corporate venture units: impact on performance and survival. Journal of Business Venturing 23 4 (2008) 423-444
    • (2008) Journal of Business Venturing , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 423-444
    • Hill, S.A.1    Birkinshaw, J.2
  • 30
    • 0034195752 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Partner selection in emerging and developed market contexts: resource-based and organizational learning perspectives
    • Hitt M.A., Dacin M.T., Levitas E., Arregle J.L., and Borza A. Partner selection in emerging and developed market contexts: resource-based and organizational learning perspectives. Academy Of Management Journal 43 3 (2000) 449-467
    • (2000) Academy Of Management Journal , vol.43 , Issue.3 , pp. 449-467
    • Hitt, M.A.1    Dacin, M.T.2    Levitas, E.3    Arregle, J.L.4    Borza, A.5
  • 31
    • 84936824011 scopus 로고
    • Organizational learning: the contributing processes and the literatures
    • Huber G.P. Organizational learning: the contributing processes and the literatures. Organization Science 2 1 (1991) 88-115
    • (1991) Organization Science , vol.2 , Issue.1 , pp. 88-115
    • Huber, G.P.1
  • 32
    • 0031286655 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An emerging theory of structure and outcomes in small-firm strategic manufacturing networks
    • Human S.E., and Provan K.G. An emerging theory of structure and outcomes in small-firm strategic manufacturing networks. Academy of Management Journal 40 2 (1997) 368-403
    • (1997) Academy of Management Journal , vol.40 , Issue.2 , pp. 368-403
    • Human, S.E.1    Provan, K.G.2
  • 33
    • 11344265322 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capital, networks, and knowledge transfer
    • Inkpen A.C., and Tsang E.W.K. Social capital, networks, and knowledge transfer. Academy of Management Review 30 1 (2004) 146-165
    • (2004) Academy of Management Review , vol.30 , Issue.1 , pp. 146-165
    • Inkpen, A.C.1    Tsang, E.W.K.2
  • 34
    • 38249026448 scopus 로고
    • Entrepreneurship and growth: the strategic use of external resources
    • Jarillo J.C. Entrepreneurship and growth: the strategic use of external resources. Journal of Business Venturing 4 2 (1989) 133-147
    • (1989) Journal of Business Venturing , vol.4 , Issue.2 , pp. 133-147
    • Jarillo, J.C.1
  • 35
    • 44649197264 scopus 로고
    • Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs, and capital structure
    • Jensen M.C., and Meckling W. Theory of the firm: managerial behavior, agency costs, and capital structure. Journal of Financial Economics 3 4 (1976) 305-360
    • (1976) Journal of Financial Economics , vol.3 , Issue.4 , pp. 305-360
    • Jensen, M.C.1    Meckling, W.2
  • 36
    • 34548435984 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Building firm capabilities through learning: the role of the alliance learning process in alliance capability and firm-level alliance success
    • Kale P., and Singh H. Building firm capabilities through learning: the role of the alliance learning process in alliance capability and firm-level alliance success. Strategic Management Journal 28 10 (2007) 981-1000
    • (2007) Strategic Management Journal , vol.28 , Issue.10 , pp. 981-1000
    • Kale, P.1    Singh, H.2
  • 37
    • 0000449836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Learning and protection of proprietary assets in strategic alliances: building relational capital
    • Kale P., Singh H., and Perlmutter H. Learning and protection of proprietary assets in strategic alliances: building relational capital. Strategic Management Journal 21 3 (2000) 217-237
    • (2000) Strategic Management Journal , vol.21 , Issue.3 , pp. 217-237
    • Kale, P.1    Singh, H.2    Perlmutter, H.3
  • 40
    • 84936407456 scopus 로고
    • Technology adoption in the presence of network externalities
    • Katz M., and Shapiro C. Technology adoption in the presence of network externalities. Journal of Political Economy 94 (1986) 822-841
    • (1986) Journal of Political Economy , vol.94 , pp. 822-841
    • Katz, M.1    Shapiro, C.2
  • 41
    • 56349143855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corporate Venture Capital, Disembodied Experimentation, and Capability Development
    • Keil T., Autio E., and George G. Corporate Venture Capital, Disembodied Experimentation, and Capability Development. Journal of Management Studies 45 8 (2008) 1475-1505
    • (2008) Journal of Management Studies , vol.45 , Issue.8 , pp. 1475-1505
    • Keil, T.1    Autio, E.2    George, G.3
  • 42
    • 0000884659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of learning alliances: competition, cooperation, and relative scope
    • Khanna T., Gulati R., and Nohria N. The dynamics of learning alliances: competition, cooperation, and relative scope. Strategic Management Journal 19 3 (1998) 193-210
    • (1998) Strategic Management Journal , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 193-210
    • Khanna, T.1    Gulati, R.2    Nohria, N.3
  • 43
    • 0742329095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complementary resources and the exploitation of technological innovations
    • King D.R., Covin J.G., and Hegarty W.H. Complementary resources and the exploitation of technological innovations. Journal of Management 29 4 (2003) 589-606
    • (2003) Journal of Management , vol.29 , Issue.4 , pp. 589-606
    • King, D.R.1    Covin, J.G.2    Hegarty, W.H.3
  • 44
    • 0000994704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative absorptive capacity and interorganizational learning
    • Lane P.J., and Lubatkin M. Relative absorptive capacity and interorganizational learning. Strategic Management Journal 19 5 (1998) 461-477
    • (1998) Strategic Management Journal , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 461-477
    • Lane, P.J.1    Lubatkin, M.2
  • 45
    • 84936824616 scopus 로고
    • Network dyads in entrepreneurial settings: a study of the governance of exchange relationships
    • Larson A. Network dyads in entrepreneurial settings: a study of the governance of exchange relationships. Administrative Science Quarterly 37 1 (1992) 76-104
    • (1992) Administrative Science Quarterly , vol.37 , Issue.1 , pp. 76-104
    • Larson, A.1
  • 46
    • 0032372839 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The interorganizational learning dilemma: collective knowledge development in strategic alliances
    • Larsson R., Bengtsson L., Henriksson K., and Sparks J. The interorganizational learning dilemma: collective knowledge development in strategic alliances. Organization Science 9 3 (1998) 285-305
    • (1998) Organization Science , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 285-305
    • Larsson, R.1    Bengtsson, L.2    Henriksson, K.3    Sparks, J.4
  • 47
    • 2342664637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of trust and contractual safeguards on cooperation in non-equity alliances
    • Lui S.S., and Ngo H. The role of trust and contractual safeguards on cooperation in non-equity alliances. Journal of Management 30 (2004) 471-485
    • (2004) Journal of Management , vol.30 , pp. 471-485
    • Lui, S.S.1    Ngo, H.2
  • 48
    • 0027689277 scopus 로고
    • The use of causal indicators in covariance structure models: some practical issues
    • MacCallum R.C., and Browne M.W. The use of causal indicators in covariance structure models: some practical issues. Psychological Bulletin 114 3 (1993) 533-541
    • (1993) Psychological Bulletin , vol.114 , Issue.3 , pp. 533-541
    • MacCallum, R.C.1    Browne, M.W.2
  • 49
    • 64649095008 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corporate Venture Capital as a Strategic Tool for Corporations
    • Landström H. (Ed), Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., Cheltenham, UK
    • Maula M.V.J. Corporate Venture Capital as a Strategic Tool for Corporations. In: Landström H. (Ed). Handbook of Research on Venture Capital (2007), Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., Cheltenham, UK
    • (2007) Handbook of Research on Venture Capital
    • Maula, M.V.J.1
  • 50
    • 0344454823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corporate venture capital and the creation of U.S. public companies: the impact of sources of venture capital on the performance of portfolio companies
    • Hitt M.A., Amit R., Lucier C., and Nixon R.D. (Eds), Blackwell Publishers, Oxford, UK
    • Maula M.V.J., and Murray G.C. Corporate venture capital and the creation of U.S. public companies: the impact of sources of venture capital on the performance of portfolio companies. In: Hitt M.A., Amit R., Lucier C., and Nixon R.D. (Eds). Creating Value: Winners in the New Business Environment (2002), Blackwell Publishers, Oxford, UK
    • (2002) Creating Value: Winners in the New Business Environment
    • Maula, M.V.J.1    Murray, G.C.2
  • 51
    • 0345491589 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prerequisites for the creation of social capital and subsequent knowledge acquisition in corporate venture capital
    • Maula M.V.J., Autio E., and Murray G.C. Prerequisites for the creation of social capital and subsequent knowledge acquisition in corporate venture capital. Venture Capital: An International Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance 5 2 (2003) 117-134
    • (2003) Venture Capital: An International Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance , vol.5 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-134
    • Maula, M.V.J.1    Autio, E.2    Murray, G.C.3
  • 52
    • 14544298300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Corporate venture capitalists and independent venture capitalists: what do they know, who do they know, and should entrepreneurs care?
    • Maula M.V.J., Autio E., and Murray G.C. Corporate venture capitalists and independent venture capitalists: what do they know, who do they know, and should entrepreneurs care?. Venture Capital: An International Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance 7 1 (2005) 3-19
    • (2005) Venture Capital: An International Journal of Entrepreneurial Finance , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 3-19
    • Maula, M.V.J.1    Autio, E.2    Murray, G.C.3
  • 53
    • 84989078680 scopus 로고
    • The effects of industry growth and strategic breadth on new venture performance and strategy content
    • McDougall P.P., Covin J.G., Robinson Jr. R.B., and Herron L. The effects of industry growth and strategic breadth on new venture performance and strategy content. Strategic Management Journal 15 7 (1994) 537-554
    • (1994) Strategic Management Journal , vol.15 , Issue.7 , pp. 537-554
    • McDougall, P.P.1    Covin, J.G.2    Robinson Jr., R.B.3    Herron, L.4
  • 55
    • 84989085629 scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of partnership success-partnership attributes, communication behavior, and conflict-resolution techniques
    • Mohr J., and Spekman R. Characteristics of partnership success-partnership attributes, communication behavior, and conflict-resolution techniques. Strategic Management Journal 15 2 (1994) 135-152
    • (1994) Strategic Management Journal , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 135-152
    • Mohr, J.1    Spekman, R.2
  • 56
    • 0032375624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage
    • Nahapiet J., and Ghoshal S. Social capital, intellectual capital, and the organizational advantage. Academy of Management Review 23 2 (1998) 242-266
    • (1998) Academy of Management Review , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 242-266
    • Nahapiet, J.1    Ghoshal, S.2
  • 57
    • 0141907688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies
    • Podsakoff P.M., MacKenzie S.B., Lee J.Y., and Podsakoff N.P. Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology 88 5 (2003) 879-903
    • (2003) Journal of Applied Psychology , vol.88 , Issue.5 , pp. 879-903
    • Podsakoff, P.M.1    MacKenzie, S.B.2    Lee, J.Y.3    Podsakoff, N.P.4
  • 58
    • 1542362278 scopus 로고
    • Developmental processes of cooperative interorganizational relationships
    • Ring P.S., and Vandeven A.H. Developmental processes of cooperative interorganizational relationships. Academy of Management Review 19 1 (1994) 90-118
    • (1994) Academy of Management Review , vol.19 , Issue.1 , pp. 90-118
    • Ring, P.S.1    Vandeven, A.H.2
  • 59
    • 37749018499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Old technology meets new technology: complementarities, similarities, and alliance formation
    • Rothaermel F.T., and Boeker W. Old technology meets new technology: complementarities, similarities, and alliance formation. Strategic Management Journal 29 (2008) 47-77
    • (2008) Strategic Management Journal , vol.29 , pp. 47-77
    • Rothaermel, F.T.1    Boeker, W.2
  • 60
    • 0000454147 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heterogeneity of firm capabilities and cooperative research and development: an empirical examination of motives
    • (Summer)
    • Sakakibara M. Heterogeneity of firm capabilities and cooperative research and development: an empirical examination of motives. Strategic Management Journal 18 (1997) 143-164 (Summer)
    • (1997) Strategic Management Journal , vol.18 , pp. 143-164
    • Sakakibara, M.1
  • 61
    • 0041792382 scopus 로고
    • When do venture capitalists add value
    • Sapienza H.J. When do venture capitalists add value. Journal of Business Venturing 7 1 (1992) 9-27
    • (1992) Journal of Business Venturing , vol.7 , Issue.1 , pp. 9-27
    • Sapienza, H.J.1
  • 62
    • 21844490470 scopus 로고
    • Impact of agency risks and task uncertainty on venture capitalist-CEO interaction
    • Sapienza H.J., and Gupta A.K. Impact of agency risks and task uncertainty on venture capitalist-CEO interaction. Academy of Management Journal 37 6 (1994) 1618-1632
    • (1994) Academy of Management Journal , vol.37 , Issue.6 , pp. 1618-1632
    • Sapienza, H.J.1    Gupta, A.K.2
  • 65
    • 0001915770 scopus 로고
    • Social structure and organizations
    • March J.G. (Ed), Rand McNally, Chicago, IL
    • Stinchcombe A.L. Social structure and organizations. In: March J.G. (Ed). Handbook of Organizations (1965), Rand McNally, Chicago, IL
    • (1965) Handbook of Organizations
    • Stinchcombe, A.L.1
  • 66
    • 0000837320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interorganizational alliances and the performance of firms: a study of growth and innovation rates in a high-technology industry
    • Stuart T.E. Interorganizational alliances and the performance of firms: a study of growth and innovation rates in a high-technology industry. Strategic Management Journal 21 8 (2000) 791-811
    • (2000) Strategic Management Journal , vol.21 , Issue.8 , pp. 791-811
    • Stuart, T.E.1
  • 67
    • 0032220427 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capital and value creation: the role of intrafirm networks
    • Tsai W.P., and Ghoshal S. Social capital and value creation: the role of intrafirm networks. Academy of Management Journal 41 4 (1998) 464-476
    • (1998) Academy of Management Journal , vol.41 , Issue.4 , pp. 464-476
    • Tsai, W.P.1    Ghoshal, S.2
  • 68
    • 25144452065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cooperation costs, governance choice and alliance evolution
    • White S. Cooperation costs, governance choice and alliance evolution. Journal of Management Studies 42 7 (2005) 1383-1412
    • (2005) Journal of Management Studies , vol.42 , Issue.7 , pp. 1383-1412
    • White, S.1
  • 69
    • 0013218808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social capital, knowledge acquisition, and knowledge exploitation in young technology-based firms
    • Yli-Renko H., Autio E., and Sapienza H.J. Social capital, knowledge acquisition, and knowledge exploitation in young technology-based firms. Strategic Management Journal 22 6-7 (2001) 587-613
    • (2001) Strategic Management Journal , vol.22 , Issue.6-7 , pp. 587-613
    • Yli-Renko, H.1    Autio, E.2    Sapienza, H.J.3
  • 70
    • 0034340997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • International expansion by new venture firms: international diversity, mode of market entry, technological learning, and performance
    • Zahra S.A., Ireland R.D., and Hitt M.A. International expansion by new venture firms: international diversity, mode of market entry, technological learning, and performance. Academy of Management Journal 43 5 (2000) 925-950
    • (2000) Academy of Management Journal , vol.43 , Issue.5 , pp. 925-950
    • Zahra, S.A.1    Ireland, R.D.2    Hitt, M.A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.