HIV-1 can persist in aged memory CD4 + T lymphocytes with minimal signs of evolution after 8.3 years of effective highly active antiretroviral therapy

Journal of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndromes

Volumn 50, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 345-353

  Nottet, Hans S L M ^a   Van Dijk, Sabine J ^a   Fanoy, Ewout B ^a   Goedegebuure, Irma W ^a   De Jong, Dorien ^a   Vrisekoop, Nienke ^a   Van Baarle, Debbie ^a   Boltz, Valerie ^b   Palmer, Sarah ^b   Borleffs, Jan C C ^a   Boucher, Charles A B ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

^b NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Antiretroviral drug resistance; Cellular reservoir; HIV 1 persistence; Long term HAART; Memory T cells; Viral evolution

Indexed keywords

ABACAVIR; ANTIRETROVIRUS AGENT; CD27 ANTIGEN; CD45RO ANTIGEN; CD57 ANTIGEN; EFAVIRENZ; INDINAVIR; LAMIVUDINE; LOPINAVIR; NELFINAVIR; NEVIRAPINE; RITONAVIR; SAQUINAVIR; STAVUDINE; TENOFOVIR; VIRUS DNA; ZIDOVUDINE; P16 PROTEASE, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; PROTEINASE; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; RNA DIRECTED DNA POLYMERASE;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ARTICLE; CD4+ T LYMPHOCYTE; CELL AGING; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG SENSITIVITY; HIGHLY ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS INFECTION; LONG TERM CARE; MEMORY T LYMPHOCYTE; MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; NONHUMAN; PERIPHERAL BLOOD MONONUCLEAR CELL; PERSISTENT VIRUS INFECTION; PHYLOGENY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TREATMENT DURATION; VIREMIA; VIRUS LOAD; VIRUS MUTATION; ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; BLOOD; CLASSIFICATION; DRUG EFFECT; GENETICS; IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY; MUTATION; PHYSIOLOGY; TIME; VIROLOGY;

ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, HIGHLY ACTIVE; CD4-POSITIVE T-LYMPHOCYTES; CELL AGING; DNA, VIRAL; HIV PROTEASE; HIV REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE; HIV-1; HUMANS; IMMUNOLOGIC MEMORY; MUTATION; PHYLOGENY; TIME FACTORS;

EID: 64249123639     PISSN: 15254135     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318197eb04     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. Egger M, Hirschel B, Francioli P, et al. Impact of new antiretroviral combination therapies in HIV infected patients in Switzerland: prospective multicentre study. Swiss HIV Cohort Study. BMJ. 1997;315: 1194-1199.
2. Palella FJ Jr, Delaney KM, Moorman AC, et al. Declining morbidity and mortality among patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection. HIV Outpatient Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1998;338: 853-860.
3. Hammer SM, Squires KE, Hughes MD, et al. A controlled trial of two nucleoside analogues plus indinavir in persons with human immunodeficiency virus infection and CD4 cell counts of 200 per cubic millimeter or less. AIDS Clinical Trials Group 320 Study Team. N Engl J Med. 1997; 337:725-733.
4. Gulick RM, Mellors JW, Havlir D, et al. Treatment with indinavir, zidovudine, and lamivudine in adults with human immunodeficiency virus infection and prior antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med. 1997;337: 734-739.
5. Viard JP, Burgard M, Hubert JB, et al. Impact of 5 years of maximally successful highly active antiretroviral therapy on CD4 cell count and HIV-I DNA level. AIDS. 2004;18:45-49.
6. Finzi D, Hermankova M, Pierson T, et al. Identification of a reservoir for HIV-I in patients on highly active antiretroviral therapy. Science. 1997; 278:1295-1300.
7. Chun TW, Stuyver L, Mizeli SB, et al. Presence of an inducible HIV-I latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sei USA. 1997;94:13193-13197
8. Wong JK, Hezareh M, Günthard HF, et al. Recovery of replicationcompetent HIV despite prolonged suppression of plasma viremia. Science. 1997;278:1291-1295.
9. Brenchley JM, Hill BJ, Ambrozak DR, et al. T-cell subsets that harbor human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in vivo: implications for HIV pathogenesis. J Virol. 2004;78:1160-1168.
10. Delobel P, Sandres-Saune K, Cazabat M, et al. Persistence of distinct HIV-I populations in blood monocytes and naive and memory CD4 T cells during prolonged suppressive HAART. AIDS. 2005;19:1739-1750.
11. Finzi D, Blankson J, Siliciano JD, et al. Latent infection of CD4+ T cells provides a mechanism for lifelong persistence of HIV-I, even in patients on effective combination therapy. Nat Med. 1999;5:512-517.
12. Lambotte O, Demoustier A, de Goer MG, et al. Persistence of replicationcompetent HIV in both memory and naive CD4 T cell subsets in patients on prolonged and effective HAART. AIDS. 2002;16:2151-2157.
13. Chun TW, Nickle DC, Justement JS, et al. HIV-infected individuals receiving effective antiviral therapy for extended periods of time continually replenish their viral reservoir. J Clin Invest. 2005; 115:3250-3255.
14. Pomerantz RJ. Reservoirs, sanctuaries, and residual disease: the hiding spots of HIV-I. HIV Clin Trials. 2003;4:137-143.
15. Noe A, Plum J, Verhofstede C. The latent HIV-I reservoir in patients undergoing HAART: an archive of pre-HAART drug resistance. J Anti microb Chemother. 2005;55:410-412.
16. Schrager LK, D'Souza MP. Cellular and anatomical reservoirs of HIV-I in patients receiving potent antiretroviral combination therapy. JAMA. 1998; 280:67-71.
17. Persaud D, Zhou Y, Siliciano JM, et al. Latency in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection: no easy answers. J Virol. 2003;77:16591665.
18. Siliciano JD, Kajdas J, Finzi D, et al. Long-term follow-up studies confirm the stability of the latent reservoir for HIV-I in resting CD4- T cells. Nat Med. 2003;9:727-728.
19. Zhang L, Ramratnam B, Tenner-Racz K, et al. Quantifying residual HIV-1 replication in patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:1605-1613.
20. Günthard HF, Wong JK, Ignacio CC, et al. Human immunodeficiency virus replication and genotypic resistance in blood and lymph nodes after a year of potent antiretroviral therapy. J Virol. 1998;72:2422-2428.
21. Persaud D, Pierson T, Ruff C, et al. A stable latent reservoir for HIV-I in resting CD4+ T lymphocytes in infected children. J Clin Invest. 2000;105: 995-1003.
22. Riva E, Pistello M, Narciso P, et al. Decay of HIV type 1 DNA and development of drug-resistant mutants in patients with primary HIV type 1 infection receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2001;17:1599-1604.
23. Martinez-Picado J, DePasquale MP, Kartsonis N, et al. Antiretroviral resistance during successful therapy of HIV type 1 infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 2000;97:10948-10953.
24. Persaud D, Siberry GK, Ahonkhai A, et al. Continued production of drugsensitive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in children on combination antiretroviral therapy who have undetectable viral loads. J Virol. 2004;78:968-979.
25. Kieffer TL, Finucane MM, Nettles RE, et al. Genotypic analysis of HIV-1 drug resistance at the limit of detection: virus production without evolution in treated adults with undetectable HIV loads. J Infect Dis. 2004;189:1452-1465.
26. Hermankova M, Ray SC, Ruff C, et al. HIV-1 drug resistance profiles in children and adults with viral load of <50 copies/ml receiving combination therapy. JAMA. 2001;286:196-207.
27. Persaud, D, Ray SC, Kajdas J, et al. Slow human immunodeficiency virus type 1 evolution in viral reservoirs in infants treated with effective antiretroviral therapy. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2007;23:381-390.
28. Parera M, Ibanez A, Clotet B, et al. Lack of evidence for protease evolution in HIV-1-infected patients after 2 years of successful highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Infect Dis. 2004;189:1444-1451.
29. Cohen Stuart JW, Schuurman R, Burger DM, et al. Randomized trial comparing saquinavir soft gelatin capsules versus indinavir as part of triple therapy (CHEESE study). AIDS. 1999;13:F53-F58.
30. Boom R, Sol CJ, Salimans MM, et al. Rapid and simple method for purification of nucleic acids. J Clin Microbiol. 1990;28:495-503.
31. Nijhuis M, Boucher CA, Schuurman R. Sensitive procedure for the amplification of HIV-1 RNA using a combined reverse-transcription and amplification reaction. Biotechniques. 1995;19:178-180.
32. Johnson VA, Brun-Vezinet F, Clotet B, et al. Update of the drug resistance mutations in HIV-I: Fall 2006. Top HIV Med. 2006;14:125-130.
33. Palmer S, Boltz V, Maldarelli F, et al. Selection and persistence of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant HIV-1 in patients starting and stopping non-nucleoside therapy. AIDS. 2006;20:701-710.
34. - precursors by differentiation occurring in late immune responses. Eur J Immunol. 1994;24:1503-1511.
35. + T cells. Blood. 2003;101:2711-2720.
36. Menendez-Arias L, Domingo E. Amino acid substitutions associated with resistance to HIV-1 reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors, and other antiretroviral drugs. In: Clotet B, Menéndez-Arias L, Schapiro J, et al, eds. Guide to Management to HIV Drug Resistance, Antiretroviral Pharmacokinetics and Viral Hepatitis in HIV Infected Subjects. 5th ed. Barcelona, Spain: Ediciones Gráficas; 2005:39-136.
37. Schuurman R, Nijhuis M, van Leeuwen R, et al. Rapid changes in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA load and appearance of drugresistant virus populations in persons treated with lamivudine (3TC). J Infect Dis. 1995;171:1411-1419.
38. Chun TW, Stuyver L, Mizell SB, et al. Presence of an inducible HIV-1 latent reservoir during highly active antiretroviral therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1997;94:13193-13197.
39. Zaunders JJ, Cunningham PH, Kelleher AD, et al. Potent antiretroviral therapy of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection: partial normalization of T lymphocyte subsets and limited reduction of HIV-I DNA despite clearance of plasma viremia. J Infect Dis. 1999; 180:320-329.
40. Ibanez A, Puig T, Elias J, et al. Quantification of integrated and total HIV1 DNA after long-term highly active antiretroviral therapy in HIV-Iinfected patients. AIDS. 1999;3:1045-1049.
41. Siliciano JD, Siliciano RF. A long-term latent reservoir for HIV-I: discovery and clinical implications. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2004;54: 6-9.
42. Garrigue I, Pellegrin I, Hoen B, et al. Cell-associated HIV-1-DNA quantitation after highly active antiretroviral therapy-treated primary infection in patients with persistently undetectable plasma HIV-1 RNA. AIDS. 2000;14:2851-2855.
43. Zanchetta M, Walker S, Burighel N, et al. Long-term decay of the HIV-1 reservoir in HIV-I-infected children treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy. JInfectDis. 2006;193:1718-1727.
44. Strain MC, Little SJ, Daar ES, et al. Effect of treatment, during primary infection, on establishment and clearance of cellular reservoirs of HIV-1. J Infect Dis. 2005;191:1410-1418.
45. + T cells: anew T-lymphocyte subset expanded during human immunodeficiency virus infection. Blood. 1992;79:1746-1753.
46. + T-cell function with antiretroviral therapies. AIDS. 2001;15:S11-S15.
47. - T lymphocytes in HIV-infected individuals following antiretroviral therapy. Curr Opin Immunol. 2001;13:483-488.
48. Natarajan y Bosche M, Metcalf JA, et al. HIV-1 replication in patients with undetectable plasma virus receiving HAART. Highly active antiretroviral therapy. Lancet. 1999;353:119-120.
49. Larder BA, Kemp SD. Multiple mutations in HIV-1 reverse transcriptase confer high-level resistance to zidovudine (AZT). Science. 1989;246: 1155-1158.
50. Kellam P, Boucher CAB, Larder BA. Fifth mutation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase contributes to the development of high-level resistance to zidovudine. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 1992;89:1934-1938.
51. Ruff CT, Ray SC, Kwon P, et al. Persistence of wild-type virus and lack of temporal structure in the latent reservoir for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in pediatric patients with extensive antiretroviral exposure. J Virol. 2002;76:9481-9492.
52. Persaud D, Palumbo P, Ziemniak C, et al. Early archiving and predominance of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-resistant HIV-I among recently infected infants bom in the United States. J Infect Dis. 2007;195:1402-1410.
53. Delobel P, Sandres-Sauné K, Cazabat M, et al. R5 to X4 switch of the predominant HIV-I population in cellular reservoirs during effective highly active antiretroviral therapy. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2005;38:382-392.