Continuous exposure to 900 MHz GSM-modulated EMF alters morphological maturation of neural cells

Neuroscience Letters

Volumn 455, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 173-177

  Del Vecchio, Giovanna ^a   Giuliani, Alessandro ^a   Fernandez, Mercedes ^a   Mesirca, Pietro ^a   Bersani, Ferdinando ^a   Pinto, Rosanna ^b   Ardoino, Lucia ^b   Lovisolo, Giorgio A ^b   Giardino, Luciana ^a   Calzà, Laura ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BOLOGNA   (Italy)

^b ENEA C R CASACCIA   (Italy)

Author keywords

Beta thymosin; Early genes; GSM radiofrequency electromagnetic fields; Neurite growth

Indexed keywords

GLYCERALDEHYDE 3 PHOSPHATE DEHYDROGENASE; PROTEIN C FOS; PROTEIN C JUN; THYMOSIN; THYMOSIN BETA; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; UVOMORULIN; DRUG DERIVATIVE; MESSENGER RNA; THYMOSIN BETA(1); UBIQUITIN;

ANIMAL CELL; ARTICLE; BRAIN CELL; CELL ADHESION; CELL STRUCTURE; CHOLINERGIC NERVE CELL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CYTOSKELETON; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD; GENE EXPRESSION; IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; LONG TERM EXPOSURE; MOBILE PHONE; NERVE CELL DIFFERENTIATION; NERVE FIBER GROWTH; NONHUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIOFREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD; RADIOFREQUENCY RADIATION; RAT; REAL TIME POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; ANIMAL; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL LINE; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; GENETICS; GROWTH, DEVELOPMENT AND AGING; METABOLISM; MOUSE; NERVE CELL; NERVOUS SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT; NEURITE; PATHOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGY; RADIATION EXPOSURE; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; STEM CELL;

ANIMALS; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CELL LINE; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS; MICE; NEURITES; NEUROGENESIS; NEURONS; PROTO-ONCOGENE PROTEINS C-FOS; RATS; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA, MESSENGER; STEM CELLS; THYMOSIN; UBIQUITINS;

EID: 64049118493     PISSN: 03043940     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2009.03.061     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Blackman C.F. Can EMF exposure during development leave an imprint later in life?. Electromagn. Biol. Med. 25 (2006) 217-225
2. Blumenthal N.C., Ricci J., Breger L., Zychlinsky A., Solomon H., Chen G.G., Kuznetsov D., and Dorfman R. Effects of low-intensity AC and/or DC electromagnetic fields on cell attachment and induction of apoptosis. Bioelectromagnetics 18 (1997) 264-272
3. Bonhoeffer T., and Yuste R. Spine motility: phenomenology, mechanisms, and function. Neuron 35 (2002) 1019-1027
4. Buttiglione M., Roca L., Montemurno E., Vitiello F., Capozzi V., and Cibelli G. Radiofrequency radiation (900 MHz) induces Egr-1 gene expression and affects cell-cycle control in human neuroblastoma cells. J. Cell. Physiol. 213 (2007) 759-767
5. Choe J., Sun W., Yoon S.Y., Rhyu I.J., Kim E.H., and Kim H. Effect of thymosin beta15 on the branching of developing neurons. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 331 (2005) 43-49
6. Delle Monache S., Alessandro R., Iorio R., Gualtieri G., and Colonna R. Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) induce in vitro angiogenesis process in human endothelial cells. Bioelectromagnetics 29 (2008) 640-648
7. Dent E.W., and Gertler F.B. Cytoskeletal dynamics and transport in growth cone motility and axon guidance. Neuron 40 (2003) 209-227
8. Fernandez M., Pirondi S., Antonelli T., Ferraro L., Giardino L., and Calzà L. Role of c-Fos protein on glutamate toxicity in primary neural hippocampal cells. J. Neurosci. Res. 82 (2005) 115-125
9. Feychting M. Health effects of static magnetic fields-a review of the epidemiological evidence. Prog. Biophys. Mol. Biol. 87 (2005) 241-246
10. Gerrow K., and El-Husseini A. Cell adhesion molecules at the synapse. Front. Biosci. 11 (2006) 2400-2419
11. Hinsby A.M., Berezin V., and Bock E. Molecular mechanisms of NCAM function. Front. Biosci. 9 (2004) 2227-2244
12. Hong F.T. Magnetic field effects on biomolecules, cells, and living organisms. Biosystems 36 (1995) 187-229
13. In: Jacobson M. (Ed). Developmental Neurobiology. 2 ed. (1978), Plenum, New York 157-166
14. Kuriyama K., and Okhuma S. Cell culture. In: Conn P.M. (Ed). Methods in Neuroscience vol. 2 (1990), Academic Press, San Diego 103-116
15. Lee H.J., Hammond D.N., Large T.H., and Wainer B.H. Immortalized young adult neurons from the septal region: generation and characterization. Dev. Brain Res. 52 (1990) 219-228
16. Macias M.Y., Battocletti J.H., Sutton C.H., Pintar F.A., and Maiman D.J. Directed and enhanced neurite growth with pulsed magnetic field stimulation. Bioelectromagnetics 21 (2000) 272-286
17. Malik M.A., Greenwood C.E., Blusztajn J.K., and Berse B. Cholinergic differentiation triggered by blocking cell proliferation and treatment with all-trans-retinoic acid. Brain Res. 874 (2000) 178-185
18. McCaig C.D., and Rajnicek A.M. Electrical fields, nerve growth and nerve regeneration. Exp. Physiol. 76 (1991) 473-494
19. McFarlane E.H., Dawe G.S., Marks M., and Campbell I.C. Changes in neurite outgrowth but not in cell division induced by low EMF exposure: influence of field strength and culture conditions on responses in rat PC12 pheochromocytoma cells. Bioelectrochemistry 52 (2000) 23-28
20. Patel N.B., and Poo M.M. Orientation of neurite growth by extracellular electric fields. J. Neurosci. 2 (1982) 483-496
21. Personett D., Fass U., Panickar K., and McKinney M. Retinoic acid-mediated enhancement of the cholinergic/neuronal nitric oxide synthase phenotype of the medial septal SN56 clone: establishment of a nitric oxide-sensitive proapoptotic state. J. Neurochem. 74 (2000) 2412-2424
22. Pirondi S., Fernandez M., Schmidt R., Hokfelt T., Giardino L., and Calzà L. The galanin-R2 agonist AR-M1896 reduces glutamate toxicity in primary neural hippocampal cells. J. Neurochem. 95 (2005) 821-833
23. Pollard T.D., Blanchoin L., and Mullins R.D. Molecular mechanisms controlling actin filament dynamics in nonmuscle cells. Annu. Rev. Biophys. Biomol. Struct. 29 (2000) 545-576
24. Raivich G., and Behrens A. Role of the AP-1 transcription factor c-Jun in developing, adult and injured brain. Prog. Neurobiol. 78 (2006) 347-363
25. Rajnicek A.M., Robinson K.R., and McCaig C.D. The direction of neurite growth in a weak DC electric field depends on the substratum: contributions of adhesivity and net surface charge. Dev. Biol. 203 (1998) 412-423
26. Remondini D., Nylund R., Reivinen J., Poulletier de Gannes F., Veyret B., Lagroye I., Haro E., Trillo M.A., Capri M., Franceschi C., Schlatterer K., Gminski R., Fitzner R., Tauber R., Schuderer J., Kuster N., Leszczynski D., Bersani F., and Maercker C. Gene expression changes in human cells after exposure to mobile phone microwaves. Proteomics 6 (2006) 4745-4754
27. Roth L.W., Bormann P., Bonnet A., and Reinhard E. Beta-thymosin is required for axonal tract formation in developing zebrafish brain. Development 126 (1999) 1365-1374
28. Shah J.P., Midkiff P., Brandt P.C., and Sisken B.F. Growth and differentiation of PC6 cells: the effects of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF). Bioelectromagnetics 22 (2001) 267-271
29. Tuncel H., Shimamoto F., Cagatay P., and Kalkan M.T. Variable E-cadherin expression in a MNU-induced colon tumor model in rats which exposed with 50 Hz frequency sinusoidal magnetic field. Tohoku J. Exp. Med. 198 (2002) 245-249
30. van Kesteren R.E., Carter C., Dissel H.M., van Minnen J., Gouwenberg Y., Syed N.I., Spencer G.E., and Smit A.B. Local synthesis of actin-binding protein beta-thymosin regulates neurite outgrowth. J. Neurosci. 26 (2006) 152-157
31. Xu S., Ning W., Xu Z., Zhou S., Chiang H., and Luo J. Chronic exposure to GSM 1800-MHz microwaves reduces excitatory synaptic activity in cultured hippocampal neurons. Neurosci. Lett. 398 (2006) 253-257
32. Zhang Y., Ding J., Duan W., and Fan W. Influence of pulsed electromagnetic field with different pulse duty cycles on neurite outgrowth in PC12 rat pheochromocytoma cells. Bioelectromagnetics 26 (2005) 406-411
33. Zhao T., Zou S., and Knapp P.E. Exposure to cell phone radiation up-regulated apoptosis genes in primary cultures of neurons and astrocytes. Neurosci. Lett. 412 (2007) 34-38