The Effects of Autonomy-Supportive Coaching, Need Satisfaction, and Self-Perceptions on Initiative and Identity in Youth Swimmers

Developmental Psychology

Volumn 45, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 320-328

  Coatsworth, J Douglas ^a   Conroy, David E ^a  

^a PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

coaching climate; self determination theory; self perceptions; youth development; youth sport

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE; CHARACTER; CHILD; COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; MOTIVATION; PERSONAL AUTONOMY; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; SATISFACTION; SELF CONCEPT; SOCIAL BEHAVIOR; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SOCIAL SUPPORT; SWIMMING; TEACHING;

ADOLESCENT; ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE; CHARACTER; CHILD; COMPETITIVE BEHAVIOR; FEMALE; GOALS; HUMANS; MALE; MOTIVATION; PERSONAL AUTONOMY; PERSONAL SATISFACTION; SELF CONCEPT; SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT; SOCIAL IDENTIFICATION; SOCIAL SUPPORT; SWIMMING; TEACHING;

EID: 63149181052     PISSN: 00121649     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0014027     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Allen J.B., and Howe B.L. Player ability, coach feedback, and female adolescent athletes' perceived competence and satisfaction. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 20 (1998) 280-299
2. Amorose A.J., and Anderson-Butcher D. Autonomy-supportive coaching and self-determined motivation in high school and college athletes: A test of self-determination theory. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 8 (2007) 654-670
3. Baker J., Yardley J., and Côté J. Coach behaviors and athlete satisfaction in team and individual sports. International Journal of Sport Psychology 34 (2003) 226-239
4. Barber B.L., Eccles J.S., and Stone M.R. Whatever happened to the Jock, the Brain, and the Princes? Young adult pathways linked to adolescent activity involvement and social identity. Journal of Adolescent Research 16 (2001) 429-455
5. Bentler P.M., and Bonett D.G. Significance tests and goodness of fit in the analysis of covariance structures. Psychological Bulletin 88 (1980) 588-606
6. Bowker A. The relationship between sports participation and self-esteem during early adolescence. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science 38 (2006) 214-229
7. Bowker A., Gadbois S., and Cornock B. Sports participation and self-esteem: Variations as a function of gender and gender orientation. Sex Roles 49 (2003) 47-58
8. Browne M.W., and Cudeck R. Alternative ways of assessing model fit. In: Bollen K.A., and Long J.S. (Eds). Testing structural equation models (1993), Sage, Newbury Park, CA 136-162
9. Brunelle J., Danish S.J., and Forneris T. The impact of a sport-based life skill program on adolescent prosocial values. Applied Developmental Science 11 (2007) 43-55
10. Cimpian A., Arce H.-M.C., Markman E.M., and Dweck C.S. Subtle linguistic cues affect children's motivation. Psychological Science 18 (2007) 314-316
11. Coatsworth J.D., and Conroy D.E. Enhancing the self-esteem of youth swimmers through coach training: Gender and age effects. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 7 (2006) 173-192
12. Coatsworth J.D., Palen L.A., Sharp E.H., and Ferrer-Wreder L. Self-defining activities, expressive identity, and adolescent wellness. Applied Developmental Science 10 (2006) 157-170
13. Conroy D.E., and Coatsworth J.D. Coach training as a strategy for promoting youth social development. The Sport Psychologist 20 (2006) 128-144
14. Conroy D.E., and Coatsworth J.D. Assessing autonomy-supportive coaching strategies in youth sport. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 8 (2007) 671-684
15. Conroy D.E., and Coatsworth J.D. Coaching behaviors associated with changes in fear of failure: Changes in self-talk and need satisfaction as potential mechanisms. Journal of Personality 75 (2007) 383-419
16. Conroy D.E., Coatsworth J.D., and Fifer A.M. Testing dynamic relations between perceived competence and fear of failure in young athletes. European Review of Applied Psychology 26 (2005) 99-110
17. Conroy D.E., Kaye M.P., and Coatsworth J.D. Coaching climates and the destructive effects of mastery-avoidance achievement goals on situational motivation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 28 (2006) 69-92
18. Cooley C.H. Human nature and social order (1902), Charles Scribner & Sons, New York
19. Coopersmith S. The antecedents of self-esteem (1967), Freeman, San Francisco
20. Danish S.J., and Gullotta T.P. Developing competent youth and strong communities through after-school programming (2000), Child Welfare League of America Press, Washington, DC
21. Danish S.J., Taylor T., and Fazio R. Enhancing adolescent development through sport and leisure. In: Adams G.R., and Berzonsky M. (Eds). Blackwell handbook on adolescence (2003), Blackwell, Malden, MA 92-108
22. Deci E.L., and Ryan R.M. Human autonomy: The basis for true self-esteem. In: Kernis M. (Ed). Efficacy, agency, and self-esteem (1995), Plenum, New York 1-49
23. Deci E.L., and Ryan R.M. The "what" and "why" of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self-determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry 11 (2000) 227-268
24. Eccles J.S., and Barber B.L. Student council, volunteering, basketball, or marching band: What kind of extracurricular involvement matters?. Journal of Adolescent Research 14 (1999) 10-43
25. Elliot A.J., and Conroy D.E. Beyond the dichotomous model of achievement goals in sport and exercise psychology. Sport & Exercise Psychology Review 1 (2005) 17-25
26. Erikson E.H. Identity: Youth and crisis (1968), Norton, New York
27. Fox K.R., and Corbin C.B. The Physical Self-Perception Profile: Development and preliminary validation. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 11 (1989) 408-430
28. Fredricks J.A., and Eccles J.S. Children's competence and value beliefs from childhood through adolescence: Growth trajectories in two male-sex-typed domains. Developmental Psychology 38 (2002) 519-533
29. Fredricks J.A., and Eccles J.S. Is extracurricular participation associated with beneficial outcomes? Concurrent and longitudinal relations. Developmental Psychology 42 (2006) 698-713
30. Gagné M., Ryan R.M., and Bargmann K. Autonomy support and need satisfaction in the motivation and well-being of gymnasts. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology 15 (2003) 372-390
31. Hagger M.S., and Chatzisarantis N.L.D. Intrinsic motivation and self-determination in exercise and sport (2007), Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL
32. Hagger M.S., Chatzisarantis N.L.D., Culverhouse T., and Biddle S.J.H. The processes by which perceived autonomy support in physical education promotes leisure-time physical activity intentions and behavior: A transcontextual model. Journal of Educational Psychology 95 (2003) 784-795
33. Hansen, D. M., & Larson, R. (2005). The Youth Experience Survey. Unpublished manuscript, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Retrieved March 28, 2007, from http://web.aces.uiuc.edu/youthdev/yesinstrument.htm
34. Harter, S. (1998). The development of self-representations. In W. Damon (Series Ed.) & N. Eisenberg (Vol. Ed.), Handbook of child psychology: Vol. 3. Social, emotional, and personality development (5th ed., pp. 553-617). New York: Wiley.
35. Harter S. The construction of the self: A developmental perspective (1999), Guilford Press, New York
36. Henderlong J., and Lepper M.R. The effects of praise on children's intrinsic motivation: A review and synthesis. Psychological Bulletin 128 (2002) 774-795
37. Horn T.S., and Harris A. Perceived competence in young athletes: Research findings and recommendations for coaches and parents. In: Smoll F.L., and Smith R.E. (Eds). Children and youth in sport: A biopsychosocial perspective. 2nd ed. (2002), Kendall/Hunt, Dubuque, IA 435-464
38. Kamins M.L., and Dweck C.S. Person versus process praise and criticism: Implications for contingent self-worth and coping. Developmental Psychology 35 (1999) 835-847
39. Kleiber D.A., and Kirshnit C.E. Sport involvement and identity formation. In: Diamant L. (Ed). Mind-body maturity: Psychological approaches to sports, exercise, and fitness (1991), Hemisphere Publishing, Washington, DC 193-211
40. La Guardia J.G., Ryan R.M., Couchman C.E., and Deci E.L. Within-person variation in security of attachment: A self-determination theory perspective on attachment, need fulfillment, and well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79 (2000) 367-384
41. Larson R. Toward a psychology of positive youth development. American Psychologist 55 (2000) 170-183
42. Larson R.W., Hansen D.M., and Moneta G. Differing profiles of developmental experience across types of organized youth activities. Developmental Psychology 42 (2006) 849-863
43. Larson R., Hansen D., and Walker K. Everybody's gotta give: Development of initiative and teamwork within a youth program. In: Mahoney J.L., Larson R.W., and Eccles J.S. (Eds). Organized activities as contexts of development: Extracurricular activities, after-school and community programs (2005), Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ 159-183
44. Luyckx K., Goossens L., Soenens B., and Beyers W. Unpacking commitment and exploration: Preliminary validation of an integrative model of late adolescent identity formation. Journal of Adolescence 29 (2006) 361-378
45. Mageau G.A., and Vallerand R.J. The coach-athlete relationship: A motivational model. Journal of Sport Sciences 21 (2003) 883-904
46. Mahoney J.L., and Cairns R.B. Do extracurricular activities protect against early school dropout?. Developmental Psychology 33 (1997) 241-253
47. Marsh H.W. Academic self-concept: Theory, measurement, and research. In: Suls J. (Ed). Psychological perspectives on the self 4 (1993), Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ 59-98
48. Marsh H.W., and Kleitman S. School athletic participation: Mostly gain with little pain. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology 25 (2003) 205-228
49. Mead G.H. Mind, self, and society (1934), University of Chicago Press, Chicago
50. Palen L.A., and Coatsworth J.D. Activity-based identity experiences and their relations to problem behavior and psychological well-being in adolescence. Journal of Adolescence 30 (2007) 721-737
51. Pederson S., and Seidman E. Team sport achievement and self-esteem development among urban adolescent girls. Psychology of Women's Quarterly 28 (2004) 412-422
52. Piers E. Manual for the Piers-Harris Children's Self-Concept Scale (1969), Counselor Recordings and Tests, Nashville, TN
53. Reinboth M., Duda J.L., and Ntoumanis N. Dimensions of coaching behavior, need satisfaction, and the psychological and physical welfare of young athletes. Motivation and Emotion 28 (2004) 297-313
54. Richman E.L., and Shaffer D.R. If you let me play sports: How might sport participation influence the self-esteem of adolescent females?. Psychology of Women Quarterly 24 (2000) 189-199
55. Rosenberg M. Society and the adolescent self-image (1965), Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ
56. Ryan R.M. Agency and organization: Intrinsic motivation, autonomy and the self in psychological development. In: Jacobs J. (Ed). Nebraska symposium on motivation: Developmental perspectives on motivation 40 (1993), University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln 1-56
57. Ryan R.M., and Deci E.L. Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist 55 (2000) 68-78
58. Scanlan T.K., Babkes M.L., and Scanlan L.A. Participation in sport: A developmental glimpse at emotion. In: Mahoney J., Larson R., and Eccles J. (Eds). Organized activities as contexts of development: Extracurricular activities, after-school and community programs (2005), Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ 437-456
59. Smith R.E., Smoll F.L., and Hunt E. A system for the behavioral assessment of athletic coaches. Research Quarterly 48 (1977) 401-407
60. Smoll F.L., and Smith R.E. Coaching behavior research and intervention in youth sports. In: Smoll F.L., and Smith R.E. (Eds). Children and youth in sport: A biopsychosocial perspective (2002), Kendall-Hunt, Dubuque, IA 211-233
61. Smoll F.L., Smith R.E., Barnett N.P., and Everett J.J. Enhancement of children's self-esteem through social support training for youth sport coaches. Journal of Applied Psychology 78 (1993) 602-610
62. Tracy A.J., and Erkut S. Gender and race patterns in the pathways from sports participation to self. Sociological Perspectives 45 (2002) 445-466
63. Treasure D.C., and Roberts G.C. Students' perceptions of the motivational climate, achievement beliefs, and satisfaction in physical education. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport 72 (2001) 165-175
64. Weiss M.R., and Ferrer Caja E. Motivational orientations and sport behavior. In: Horn T.S. (Ed). Advances in sport psychology. 2nd ed. (2002), Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL 101-183
65. Williams G.C., and Deci E.L. Internalization of biopsychosocial values by medical students: A test of self-determination theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 70 (1996) 767-779