Financial Remuneration for Clinical and Behavioral Research Participation: Ethical and Practical Considerations

Annals of Epidemiology

Volumn 19, Issue 4, 2009, Pages 280-285

  Permuth Wey, Jennifer ^a   Borenstein, Amy R ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH FLORIDA   (United States)

Author keywords

Ethics; Incentives; Motivations; Participation; Payment; Recruitment

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT; HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION; MEDICAL ETHICS; MEDICAL PRACTICE; MEDICAL RESEARCH; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH; CLINICAL TRIALS AS TOPIC; COST CONTROL; DECISION MAKING; FEMALE; GOVERNMENT REGULATION; HUMANS; MALE; ORGANIZATIONAL POLICY; PATIENT SELECTION; REIMBURSEMENT, INCENTIVE; UNITED STATES;

EID: 63149128571     PISSN: 10472797     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2009.01.004     Document Type: Article

References (48)

1. Hartge P. Raising response rates: getting to yes. Epidemiology 10 (1999) 105-107
2. Hartge P. Participation in population studies. Epidemiology 17 (2006) 252-254
3. Morton L.M., Cahill J., and Hartge P. Reporting participation in epidemiologic studies: a survey of practice. Am J Epidemiol 163 (2006) 197-203
4. Galea S., and Tracy M. Participation rates in epidemiologic studies. Ann Epidemiol 17 (2007) 643-653
5. Williams B., Irvine L., McGinnis A.R., McMurdo M.E., and Crombie I.K. When "no" might not quite mean "no"; the importance of informed and meaningful non-consent: results from a survey of individuals refusing participation in a health-related research project. BMC Health Serv Res 7 (2007) 59
6. Dickert N., Emanuel E., and Grady C. Paying research subjects: an analysis of current policies. Ann Intern Med 136 (2002) 368-373
7. Tishler C.L., and Bartholomae S. The recruitment of normal healthy volunteers: a review of the literature on the use of financial incentives. J Clin Pharmacol 42 (2002) 365-375
8. Dunn L.B., and Gordon N.E. Improving informed consent and enhancing recruitment for research by understanding economic behavior. JAMA 293 (2005) 609-612
9. Palmer WE. Monetary inducement to research participation. Pharos Alpha Omega Alpha Honor Med Soc 48 (1985) 26-30
10. Dickert N., and Grady C. What's the price of a research subject? Approaches to payment for research participation. N Engl J Med 341 (1999) 198-203
11. Emanuel E.J. Ending concerns about undue inducement. J Law Med Ethics 32 (2004) 100-105
12. Grady C. Payment of clinical research subjects. J Clin Invest 115 (2005) 1681-1687
13. Grady C., Dickert N., Jawetz T., Gensler G., and Emanuel E. An analysis of U.S. practices of paying research participants. Contemp Clin Trials 26 (2005) 365-375
14. Macklin R. On paying money to research subjects: 'due' and 'undue' inducements. IRB 3 (1981) 1-6
15. McGee G. A piece of my mind. Subject to payment?. JAMA 278 (1997) 199-200
16. McNeill P. Paying people to participate in research: why not? A response to Wilkinson and Moore. Bioethics 11 (1997) 390-396
17. Grady C. Money for research participation: does it jeopardize informed consent?. Am J Bioeth 1 2 (2001) 40-44
18. Sears J.M. The payment of research subjects: ethical concerns. Oncol Nurs Forum 28 (2001) 657-663
19. Brody B.A., McCullough L.B., and Sharp R.R. Consensus and controversy in clinical research ethics. JAMA 294 (2005) 1411-1414
20. Wilkinson M., and Moore A. Inducements revisited. Bioethics 13 (1999) 114-130
21. Faden R.R.B.T., Beauchamp T.L., and King N.M.P. A history and theory of informed consent (1986), Oxford University Press, Oxford p. 338-339
22. Bentley J.P., and Thacker P.G. The influence of risk and monetary payment on the research participation decision making process. J Med Ethics 30 (2004) 293-298
23. Murthy V.H., Krumholz H.M., and Gross C.P. Participation in cancer clinical trials: race-, sex-, and age-based disparities. JAMA 291 (2004) 2720-2726
24. Resnik D.B. Research participation and financial inducements. Am J Bioeth 1 (2001) 54-56
25. Bigorra J., and Banos J.E. Weight of financial reward in the decision by medical students and experienced healthy volunteers to participate in clinical trials. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 38 (1990) 443-446
26. Lemmens T., and Elliott C. Justice for the professional guinea pig. Am J Bioeth 1 (2001) 51-53
27. Bryant C.A., Brown K.R., McDermott R.J., Forthofer M.S., Bumpus E.C., Calkins S.A., and Zupata L.B. Community-based prevention marketing: organizing a community for health behavior intervention. Health Promot Pract 8 (2007) 154-163
28. Grier S., and Bryant C.A. Social marketing in public health. Annu Rev Public Health 26 (2005) 319-339
29. Hewison J., and Haines A. Overcoming barriers to recruitment in health research. BMJ 333 (2006) 300-302
30. Smith Y.R., Johnson A.M., Newman L.A., Greene A., Johnson T.R., and Rogers J.L. Perceptions of clinical research participation among African American women. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 16 (2007) 423-428
31. Russell M.L., Moralejo D.G., and Burgess E.D. Paying research subjects: participants' perspectives. J Med Ethics 26 (2000) 126-130
32. Anderson J.A., and Weijer C. The research subject as wage earner. Theor Med Bioeth 23 (2002) 359-376
33. Pentz R.D. Spreading it around: money for researcher and research participants. Mt Sinai J Med 71 (2004) 266-270
34. Halpern S.D., Karlawish J.H., Casarett D., Berlin J.A., and Asch D.A. Empirical assessment of whether moderate payments are undue or unjust inducements for participation in clinical trials. Arch Intern Med 164 (2004) 801-803
35. Verheggen F.W., Nieman F., and Jonkers R. Determinants of patient participation in clinical studies requiring informed consent: why patients enter a clinical trial. Patient Educ Couns 35 (1998) 111-125
36. Cunny K.A., and Miller H.W. Participation in clinical drug studies: motivations and barriers. Clin Ther 16 (1994) 273-282 discussion 1-2
37. Edwards P., Roberts I., Clarke M., DiGuiseppi C., Pratap S., Wentz R., and Kwan I. Increasing response rates to postal questionnaires: systematic review. BMJ 324 (2002) 1183
38. Hassar M., Pocelinko R., Weintraub M., Nelson D., Thomas G., and Lasagna L. Free-living volunteer's motivations and attitudes toward pharmacologic studies in man. Clin Pharmacol Ther 21 (1977) 515-519
39. Hermann R., Heger-Mahn D., Mahler M., Seibert-Grafe M., Kipping C., Breithaupt-Grogler K., and deMay C. Adverse events and discomfort in studies on healthy subjects: the volunteer's perspective. A survey conducted by the German Association for Applied Human Pharmacology. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 53 (1997) 207-214
40. van Gelderen C.E., Savelkoul T.J., van Dokkum W., and Meulenbelt J. Motives and perception of healthy volunteers who participate in experiments. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 45 (1993) 15-21
41. Aby J.S., Pheley A.M., and Steinberg P. Motivation for participation in clinical trials of drugs for the treatment of asthma, seasonal allergic rhinitis, and perennial nonallergic rhinitis. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 76 (1996) 348-354
42. Fry C., and Dwyer R. For love or money? An exploratory study of why injecting drug users participate in research. Addiction 96 (2001) 1319-1325
43. NIH policy and guidelines on the inclusion of children as participants in research involving human subjects. NIH Guide Grants Contracts. 1998
44. UyBico S.J., Pavel S., and Gross C.P. Recruiting vulnerable populations into research: a systematic review of recruitment interventions. J Gen Intern Med 22 (2007) 852-863
45. Corbie-Smith G., Ammerman A.S., Katz M.L., St. George D.M., Blumenthal C., Weathers B., Keyserling T.C., and Switzer B. Trust, benefit, satisfaction, and burden: a randomized controlled trial to reduce cancer risk through African-American churches. J Gen Intern Med 18 (2003) 531-541
46. Weise K., Smith M., Maschke K., and Copeland H. National practices regarding payment to research subjects for participating in pediatric research. Pediatrics 110 (2002) 577-582
47. Committee on Human Research University of California, San Francisco. 2000. Guidelines for payment of research subjects. Available at: http://www.research.ucsf.edu/CHR/Guide/chrPayment.asp. Accessed November 5, 2007.
48. Israel B.A., Schulz A.J., Parker E.A., and Becker A.B. Review of community-based research: assessing partnership approaches to improve public health. Annu Rev Public Health 19 (1998) 173-202