First continuous temperature measurements within polar mesosphere summer echoes

Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics

Volumn 71, Issue 3-4, 2009, Pages 453-463

  Lubken F J ^a   Lautenbach, J ^a   Hoffner J ^a   Rapp, M ^a   Zecha, M ^a  

^a LEIBNIZ INSTITUTE OF ATMOSPHERIC PHYSICS   (Germany)

Author keywords

Ice layers; Polar summer mesosphere; Turbulence

Indexed keywords

CLOUDS; ICE; NUCLEATION; OPTICAL RADAR; POTASSIUM; TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT; TURBULENCE; WATER VAPOR;

ALTITUDE RANGES; CONTINUOUS TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENTS; DATA COVERAGES; DRYING EFFECTS; FROST POINTS; HOMOGENEOUS NUCLEATIONS; ICE LAYERS; ICE PARTICLES; INCREASING VISCOSITIES; LOW TEMPERATURES; MESOPAUSE REGIONS; NOCTILUCENT CLOUDS; NON EXISTENCES; POLAR MESOSPHERE SUMMER ECHOES; POLAR SUMMER MESOSPHERE; SIMULTANEOUS MEASUREMENTS; SIMULTANEOUS OBSERVATIONS; SMALL SCALE; SPITSBERGEN; STRONG TURBULENCES; VERY LOW TEMPERATURES; VHF RADARS;

RADAR MEASUREMENT;

EID: 62149110427     PISSN: 13646826     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jastp.2008.06.001     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Balsley B.B., Woodman R.F., Sarango M., Urbina J., Rodriguez R., Ragaini E., and Carey J. Southern-hemisphere PMSE: where are they?. Geophysical Research Letters 20 (1993) 1983-1985
2. Becker, E., 2004. Direct heating rates associated with gravity wave saturation. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 66. doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2004.01.019.
3. Becker E., and Fritts D.C. Enhanced gravity-wave activity and interhemispheric coupling during the MACWAVE/MIDAS northern summer program 2002. Annales Geophysicae 24 (2006) 1175-1188
4. Berger, E., Lübken, F.-J., 2006. Weather in mesospheric ice layers. Geophysical Research Letters 33. doi:10.1029/2005GL024841.
5. Blix, T., Rapp, M., Lübken, F.-J., 2003. Relations between small scale electron number density fluctuations, radar backscatter, and charged aerosol particles. Journal of Geophysical Research 108, 8450. doi:10.1029/2002JD002430.
6. Bremer J., Hoffmann P., Höffner J., Latteck R., Singer W., Zecha M., and Zeller O. Long-term changes of mesospheric summer echoes at polar and middle latitudes. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 68 (2006) 1940-1951
7. Czechowsky P., Klostermeyer J., Röttger J., Rüster R., and Schmidt G. The SOUSY-Svalbard-Radar for middle and lower atmosphere research in the polar region. In: Edwards B. (Ed). Proceedings of the Eighth Workshop on Tech., Sci. Aspects of MST Radar (1998), SCOSTEP, Boulder, CO 318-321
8. DeLand M., Shettle E.P., Thomas G.E., and Olivero J.J. A quarter-century of satellite polar mesospheric cloud observations. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 68 (2006) 9-29
9. Driscoll R.J., and Kennedy L.A. A model for the spectrum of passive scalars in an isotropic turbulence field. Physics of Fluids 28 (1985) 72-80
10. Ecklund W., and Balsley B. Long-term observations of the Arctic mesosphere with the MST radar at Poker Flat, Alaska. Journal of Geophysical Research 86 (1981) 7775-7780
11. Fiedler, J., Baumgarten, G., von Cossart, G., 2003. Noctilucent clouds above ALOMAR between 1997 and 2001: occurrence and properties. Journal of Geophysical Research 108. doi:10.1029/2002JD002419.
12. Fricke-Begemann C., Alpers M., and Höffner J. Daylight rejection with a new receiver for potassium resonance temperature lidars. Optics Letters 27 21 (2002) 1932-1934
13. Hill R.J. Nonneutral and quasi-neutral diffusion of weakly ionized multiconstituent plasma. Journal of Geophysical Research 83 (1978) 989-998
14. Höffner J., and Fricke-Begemann C. Accurate lidar temperatures with narrowband filters. Optics Letters 30 8 (2005) 890-892
15. {ring operator} N. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 3 (2003) 1101-1111
16. {ring operator} N). Journal of Geophysical Research 112. doi:10.1029/2007JD008612.
17. {ring operator} N) in the Northern and Southern hemispheres. Geophysical Research Letters 34. doi:10.1029/2007GL030032.
18. {ring operator} N. Annales Geophysicae 26 (2008) 1083-1088
19. Lübken F.-J. Seasonal variation of turbulent energy dissipation rates at high latitudes as determined by in situ measurements of neutral density fluctuations. Journal of Geophysical Research 102 (1997) 13441-13456
20. Lübken, F.-J., Berger, U., 2007. Interhemispheric comparison of mesospheric ice layers from the LIMA model. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 69/17-18 2292-2308. doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2007.07.006.
21. Lübken, F.-J., Höffner, J., 2004. Experimental evidence for ice particle interaction with metal atoms at the high latitude summer mesopause region. Geophysical Research Letters 31 (8) doi:10.1029/2004GL019586.
22. {ring operator} N). Journal of Geophysical Research 108. doi:10.1029/2002JD002414.
23. Lübken F.-J., Rapp M., Blix T., and Thrane E. Microphysical and turbulent measurements of the Schmidt number in the vicinity of polar mesosphere summer echoes. Geophysical Research Letters 25 (1998) 893-896
24. Lübken, F.-J., Rapp, M., Hoffmann, P., 2002. Neutral air turbulence and temperatures in the vicinity of polar mesosphere summer echoes. Journal of Geophysical Research 107 (D15). doi:10.1029/2001JD000915.
25. {ring operator} N). Journal of Geophysical Research 109. doi:10.1029/2003JD004247.
26. Lübken F.-J., Strelnikov B., Rapp M., Singer W., Latteck R., Brattli A., Hoppe U.-P., and Friedrich M. The thermal and dynamical state of the atmosphere during polar mesosphere winter echoes. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6 (2006) 13-24
27. Lübken, F.-J., Baumgarten, G., Fiedler, J., Gerding, M., Höffner, J., Berger, U., 2008. Seasonal and latitudinal variation of noctilucent cloud altitudes. Geophysical Research Letters 35. doi:10.1029/2007GL032281.
28. Marti J., and Mauersberger K. A survey and new measurements of ice vapor pressure at temperatures between 170 and 250 K. Geophysical Research Letters 20 (1993) 363-366
29. McKinnell, L.-A., Friedrich, M., 2007. A neural network-based ionospheric model for the auroral zone. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 69, 1459-1470. doi:10.1016/j.jastp.2007.05.003.
30. Morris R.J., Murphy D.J., Klekociuk A.R., and Holdsworth D.A. First complete season of PMSE observations above Davis, Antarctica, and their relation to winds and temperatures. Geophysical Research Letters 34 5 (2007)
31. Plane, J.M.C., Murray, B.J., Chu, X., Gardner, C.S., 2004. Removal of meteoric iron on polar mesospheric clouds. Science 304 (5669) 426-428. doi:10.1126/science.1093236.
32. {ring operator} N. Journal of Geophysical Research 112. doi:10.1029/2005JD006938.
33. Rapp, M., Lübken, F.-J., 2003. On the nature of PMSE: electron diffusion in the vicinity of charged particles revisited. Journal of Geophysical Research 108. doi:10.1029/2002JD002857.
34. Rapp M., and Lübken F.-J. Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE): review of observations and current understanding. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 4 (2004) 2601-2633
35. Rapp M., and Thomas G.E. Modeling the microphysics of mesospheric ice particles: assessment of current capabilities and basic sensitivities. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics 68 (2006) 715-744
36. Rapp, M., Lübken, F.-J., Hoffmann, P., Latteck, R., Baumgarten, G., Blix, T., 2003. PMSE dependence on aerosol charge number density and aerosol size. Journal of Geophysical Research 108. doi:10.1029/2002JD002650.
37. Rapp M., Strelnikova I., Latteck R., Hoffmann P., Hoppe U.-P., Häggström I., and Rietveld M. Polar mesosphere summer echoes (PMSE) studied at Bragg wavelengths of 2.8 m, 67 cm, and 16 cm. Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics (2008) in press
38. Rüster R., Röttger J., Schmidt G., Czechowsky P., and Klostermeyer J. Observations of mesospheric summer echoes at VHF in the polar cap region. Geophysical Research Letters 28 (2001) 1471-1474
39. {ring operator} N. Advances in Space Research 38 (2006) 2388-2393
40. Toon O.B., Turco R.P., Hamill P., Kiang C.S., and Whitten R.C. A one dimensional model describing aerosol formation and evolution in the stratosphere, II. Sensitivity studies and comparison with observations. Journal of Atmospheric Science 36 (1979) 718-736
41. Turco R.P., Hamill P., Toon O.B., Whitten R.C., and Kiang C.S. A one dimensional model describing aerosol formation and evolution in the stratosphere, I. Physical processes and mathematical analogs. Journal of Atmospheric Science 36 (1979) 699-717
42. Ulwick J.C., Baker K.D., Kelley M.C., Balsley B.B., and Ecklund W.L. Comparison of simultaneous MST radar and electron density probe measurements during state. Journal of Geophysical Research 93 (1988) 6989-7000
43. VanZandt T.E., and Fritts D.C. A theory of enhanced saturation of the gravity wave spectrum due to increases in atmospheric stability. Pure and Applied Geophysics 130 (1989) 399-420
44. von Zahn, U., Berger, U., 2003. Persistent ice cloud in the midsummer upper mesosphere at high latitudes: three-dimensional modeling and cloud interactions with ambient water vapor. Journal of Geophysical Research 108. doi:10.1029/2002JD002409.
45. von Zahn U., and Höffner J. Mesopause temperature profiling by potassium lidar. Geophysical Research Letters 23 (1996) 141-144
46. Zecha, M., 2007. Occurrence of polar mesosphere summer echoes at very high latitudes. Annales Geophysicae, submitted for publication.