Noctilucent clouds above ALOMAR between 1997 and 2001: Occurrence and properties

Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

Volumn 108, Issue 8, 2003, Pages

  Fiedler, J ^a   Baumgarten, G ^a   von Cossart, G ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ROSTOCK   (Germany)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANNUAL VARIATION; GROUND-BASED MEASUREMENT; NOCTILUCENT CLOUD; REMOTE SENSING;

EURASIA; EUROPE; NORTHERN EUROPE; NORWAY; SCANDINAVIA;

EID: 1642578969     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002419     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. Alpers, M., M. Gerding, J. Höffner, and J. Schneider, Multiwavelength lidar observation of a strange noctilucent cloud at Kühlungsborn, Germany (54°N), J. Geophys. Res., 106, 7945-7953, 2001.
2. Baumgarten, G., K. H. Fricke, and G. von Cossart, Investigation of the shape of noctilucent cloud particles by polarization lidar technique, Geophys. Res. Lett., 29(13), 1630, doi:10.1029/2001GL013877, 2002a.
3. Baumgarten, G., F.-J. Lübken, and K. H. Fricke, First observation of one noctilucent cloud by a lidar in two different directions, Ann. Geophys., 20, 1863-1868, 2002b.
4. Bremer, J., P. Hoffmann, R. Latteck, and W. Singer, Seasonal and long-term variations of PMSE from VHF radar observations at Andenes, Norway, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D8), doi:10.1029/2002JD002369, in press, 2003.
5. Carbary, J., D. Morrison, and G. Romick, Hemispheric comparison of PMC altitudes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 725-728, 2001.
6. Chu, X., C. S. Gardner, and G. Papen, Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds at South Pole: Seasonal variations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1203-1206, 2001a.
7. Chu, X., C. S. Gardner, and G. Papen, Lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds at South Pole: Diurnal variations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1937-1940, 2001b.
8. Chu, X., C. S. Gardner, and R. G. Roble, Lidar studies of interannual, seasonal and diurnal variations of polar mesospheric clouds at the South Pole, J. Geophys. Res., 108, doi: 10.1029/2002JD2524, in press, 2003.
9. Collins, R. L., M. C. Kelley, M. Nicolls, C. Ramos, T. Hou, T. Stern, K. Mizutani, and T. Itabe, Simultaneous lidar observations of a noctilucent cloud and an internal wave in the polar mesosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D8), doi:10.1029/2002JD002427, in press, 2003.
10. Donahue, T. M., B. Guenther, and J. E. Blamont, Noctilucent clouds in daytime: Circumpolar particulate layers new the summer mesopause, J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 1205-1209, 1972.
11. Fiedler, J., and G. von Cossart, Automated lidar transmitter for multiparameter investigations within the Arctic atmosphere, IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 37, 748-755, 1999.
12. Fiocco, G., and G. Grams, Optical radar observation of mesospheric aerosols in Norway during summer 1966, J. Geophys. Res., 74, 2453-2458, 1969.
13. Fogle, B., and B. Haurwitz, Noctilucent clouds, Space Sci. Rev., 6, 278-339, 1966.
14. Gadsden, M., The north-west Europe data on noctilucent clouds: A survey, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 60, 1163-1174, 1998.
15. Gadsden, M., Polar mesospheric clouds seen from geostationary orbit, J. Atmos. Sol. Terr. Phys., 62, 31-36, 2000.
16. Gardner, C. S., G. C. Papen, X. Chu, and W. Pan, First lidar observations of middle atmosphere temperatures, Fe densities, and polar mesospheric clouds over the North and South Poles, Geophys. Res. Lett., 28, 1199-1202, 2001.
17. Hansen, G., M. Serwazi, and U. von Zahn, First detection of a noctilucent cloud by lidar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 16, 1445-1448, 1989.
18. Hemenway, C. L., R. K. Soberman, and G. Witt, Sampling of noctilucent cloud particles, Tellus, 16, 84-88, 1964.
19. Jesse, O., Die Beobachtung der leuchtenden Wolken, Meteorol. Z., 22, 179-180, 1887.
20. Jesse, O., Die Höhe der leuchtenden Nachtwolken, Astron. Nachr., 140, 161-168, 1896.
21. Langer, M., K. P. Müller, and K. H. Fricke, Rayleigh lidar detection of aerosol echoes from noctilucent cloud altitudes at the Arctic circle, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 381-384, 1995.
22. Lübken, F.-J., Thermal structure of the Arctic summer mesosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 9135-9149, 1999.
23. Lübken, F.-J., M. J. Jarvis, and G. O. L. Jones, First in situ measurements at the Antarctic summer mesopause, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 3581-3584, 1999.
24. Romejko, V., P. A. Dalin, and N. N. Pertsev, Forty years of noctilucent clouds observations near Moscow: Database and simple statistics, J. Geophys. Res., 108(D8), doi:10.1029/2002JD002364, in press, 2003.
25. Schroeder, W., Were noctilucent clouds caused by the Krakatoa eruption? A case study of the research problems before 1885, Bull. Am. Meteorol. Soc., 80, 2081-2085, 1999.
26. Seele, C., and P. Hartogh, Water vapour of the Polar middle atmosphere: Annual variation and summer mesosphere conditions as observed by ground-based microwave spectroscopy, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1517-1520, 1999.
27. Stebel, K., V. Barabash, S. Kirkwood, J. Siebert, and K. H. Fricke, Polar mesosphere summer echoes and noctilucent clouds: Simultaneous and common-volume observations by radar, lidar and CCD camera, Geophys. Res. Lett., 27, 661-664, 2000.
28. Thayer, J., M. Rapp, A. Gerrard, T. Kane, and E. Gudmundsson, Gravity-wave influences on Arctic mesospheric clouds as determined by the Sondrestrom, Greenland, Rayleigh lidar, J. Geophys. Res., 108, doi:10.1029/2002JD2363, in press, 2003.
29. Thayer, J. P., N. Nielsen, and J. Jacobsen, Noctilucent cloud observations over Greenland by a Rayleigh lidar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 2961-2964, 1995.
30. Thomas, G. E., and J. J. Olivero, Climatology of polar mesospheric clouds, 2, Further analysis of solar mesosphere explorer data, J Geophys. Res., 94, 14,673-14,681, 1989.
31. Thomas, L., A. K. P. Marsh, D. P. Wareing, and M. A. Hassan, Lidar observations of ice crystals associated with noctilucent clouds at middle latitudes, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 385-388, 1994.
32. von Cossart, G., J. Fiedler, and U. von Zahn, Size distributions of NLC particles as determined from 3-color observations of NLC by groundbased lidar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 26, 1513-1516, 1999.
33. von Zahn, U., G. von Cossart, and J. Fiedler, Tidal variations of noctilucent clouds measured at 69°N latitude by groundbased lidar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 1289-1292, 1998.
34. von Zahn, U., G. von Cossart, J. Fiedler, K. H. Fricke, G. Nelke, G. Baumgarten, D. Rees, A. Hauchecorne, and K. Adolfsen, The ALOMAR Rayleigh/Mie/Raman lidar: Objectives, configuration, and performance, Ann. Geophys., 18, 815-833, 2000.