메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 257, Issue 8, 2009, Pages 1829-1838

Lodgepole pine growth as a function of competition and canopy light environment within aspen dominated mixedwoods of central interior British Columbia

Author keywords

Competition indices; Light; Lodgepole pine; Sub boreal mixedwoods; Trembling aspen

Indexed keywords

COMPETITION; HERBICIDES; LIGHT MEASUREMENT; PLANTS (BOTANY);

EID: 62049084408     PISSN: 03781127     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.foreco.2009.02.005     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (7)

References (67)
  • 1
    • 0000872305 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of competition indices in individual tree growth models
    • Biging G.S., and Dobbertin M. Evaluation of competition indices in individual tree growth models. For. Sci. 41 (1995) 360-377
    • (1995) For. Sci. , vol.41 , pp. 360-377
    • Biging, G.S.1    Dobbertin, M.2
  • 2
    • 62049085358 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • British Columbia Ministry of Forests and Range, Victoria, BC. URL
    • British Columbia Ministry of Forests and Range, 2008. Forest planning and practices regulation. Forest and Range Practices Act. Victoria, BC. URL: http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/tasb/legsregs/frpa/frparegs/forplanprac/fppr.htm#section16.
    • (2008) Forest and Range Practices Act, Forest planning and practices regulation
  • 3
    • 0032541374 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A light model for spatially explicit forest stand models
    • Brunner A. A light model for spatially explicit forest stand models. For. Ecol. Manage. 107 (1998) 19-46
    • (1998) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.107 , pp. 19-46
    • Brunner, A.1
  • 4
    • 0036094354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of clearcut edges on trees in the sub-boreal spruce zone of northwest-central British Columbia
    • Burton P.J. Effects of clearcut edges on trees in the sub-boreal spruce zone of northwest-central British Columbia. Silva Fennica 36 (2002) 329-352
    • (2002) Silva Fennica , vol.36 , pp. 329-352
    • Burton, P.J.1
  • 5
    • 0033491980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement and modeling of spatially explicit variation in light transmission through interior cedar-hemlock forests of British Columbia
    • Canham C.D., Coates K.D., Bartemucci P., and Quaglia S. Measurement and modeling of spatially explicit variation in light transmission through interior cedar-hemlock forests of British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 29 (1999) 1775-1783
    • (1999) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.29 , pp. 1775-1783
    • Canham, C.D.1    Coates, K.D.2    Bartemucci, P.3    Quaglia, S.4
  • 6
    • 3042602359 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A neighbourhood analysis of canopy tree competition: effects of shading versus crowding
    • Canham C.D., LePage P.T., and Coates K.D. A neighbourhood analysis of canopy tree competition: effects of shading versus crowding. Can. J. For. Res. 34 (2004) 778-787
    • (2004) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.34 , pp. 778-787
    • Canham, C.D.1    LePage, P.T.2    Coates, K.D.3
  • 7
    • 0029661306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of light on growth, crown architecture, and specific leaf area for naturally established Pinus contorta var. latifolia and Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca saplings
    • Chen H.Y.H., Klinka K., and Kayahara G.J. Effects of light on growth, crown architecture, and specific leaf area for naturally established Pinus contorta var. latifolia and Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca saplings. Can. J. For. Res. 26 (1996) 1149-1157
    • (1996) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.26 , pp. 1149-1157
    • Chen, H.Y.H.1    Klinka, K.2    Kayahara, G.J.3
  • 8
    • 0036215870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and crown morphological responses of boreal conifer seedlings and saplings with contrasting shade tolerance to a gradient of light and height
    • Claveau Y., Comeau P.G., Messier C., and Coates K.D. Growth and crown morphological responses of boreal conifer seedlings and saplings with contrasting shade tolerance to a gradient of light and height. Can. J. For. Res. 32 (2002) 458-468
    • (2002) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.32 , pp. 458-468
    • Claveau, Y.1    Comeau, P.G.2    Messier, C.3    Coates, K.D.4
  • 9
    • 16244370426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interacting influence of light and size on above ground biomass distribution in sub-boreal conifer saplings with contrasting shade tolerance
    • Claveau Y., Messier C., and Comeau P.G. Interacting influence of light and size on above ground biomass distribution in sub-boreal conifer saplings with contrasting shade tolerance. Tree Physiol. 25 (2005) 373-384
    • (2005) Tree Physiol. , vol.25 , pp. 373-384
    • Claveau, Y.1    Messier, C.2    Comeau, P.G.3
  • 10
    • 0034159881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conifer seedling response to northern temperate forest gaps
    • Coates K.D. Conifer seedling response to northern temperate forest gaps. For. Ecol. Manage. 127 (2000) 249-269
    • (2000) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.127 , pp. 249-269
    • Coates, K.D.1
  • 11
    • 0033305913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth of planted tree seedlings in response to ambient light levels in northwestern interior cedar-hemlock forests of British Columbia
    • Coates K.D., and Burton P.J. Growth of planted tree seedlings in response to ambient light levels in northwestern interior cedar-hemlock forests of British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 29 (1999) 1374-1382
    • (1999) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.29 , pp. 1374-1382
    • Coates, K.D.1    Burton, P.J.2
  • 12
    • 1242276694 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between stand parameters and understorey light in boreal aspen stands. B.C.
    • Comeau P.G. Relationships between stand parameters and understorey light in boreal aspen stands. B.C. J. Ecosyst. Manage. 1 2 (2001)
    • (2001) J. Ecosyst. Manage. , vol.1 , Issue.2
    • Comeau, P.G.1
  • 13
    • 0032462578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of several methods for estimating light under a paper birch mixedwood stand
    • Comeau P.G., Gendron F., and Letchford T. A comparison of several methods for estimating light under a paper birch mixedwood stand. Can. J. For. Res. 28 (1998) 1843-1850
    • (1998) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.28 , pp. 1843-1850
    • Comeau, P.G.1    Gendron, F.2    Letchford, T.3
  • 14
    • 33646480035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of relationships between understorey light and aspen basal area in the British Columbia central interior
    • Comeau P.G., Heineman J.L., and Newsome T. Evaluation of relationships between understorey light and aspen basal area in the British Columbia central interior. For. Ecol. Manage. 226 (2006) 80-87
    • (2006) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.226 , pp. 80-87
    • Comeau, P.G.1    Heineman, J.L.2    Newsome, T.3
  • 15
    • 0002026141 scopus 로고
    • Factors that influence the value of the coefficient of determination in simple linear and nonlinear regression models
    • Cornell J.A., and Berger R.D. Factors that influence the value of the coefficient of determination in simple linear and nonlinear regression models. Phytopathology 77 (1987) 63-70
    • (1987) Phytopathology , vol.77 , pp. 63-70
    • Cornell, J.A.1    Berger, R.D.2
  • 16
    • 0001011622 scopus 로고
    • Simple competition indices and their correlation with annual loblolly pine tree growth
    • Daniels R. Simple competition indices and their correlation with annual loblolly pine tree growth. For. Sci. 22 (1976) 454-457
    • (1976) For. Sci. , vol.22 , pp. 454-457
    • Daniels, R.1
  • 17
    • 11444255162 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of seedbed, light environment, and elevated night temperature on growth and carbon allocation in pitch pine Pinus rigida and jack pine Pinus banksiana seedlings
    • Day M.E., Schedlbauer J.L., Livingston W.H., Greenwood M.S., White A.S., and Brissette J.C. Influence of seedbed, light environment, and elevated night temperature on growth and carbon allocation in pitch pine Pinus rigida and jack pine Pinus banksiana seedlings. For. Ecol. Manage. 205 (2005) 59-71
    • (2005) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.205 , pp. 59-71
    • Day, M.E.1    Schedlbauer, J.L.2    Livingston, W.H.3    Greenwood, M.S.4    White, A.S.5    Brissette, J.C.6
  • 18
    • 62049086095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • DeLong, C.S., 2007. Relative impact of aspen competition and soil factors on the performance of lodgepole pine and hybrid white spruce in north-central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For. Range, Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 039.
    • DeLong, C.S., 2007. Relative impact of aspen competition and soil factors on the performance of lodgepole pine and hybrid white spruce in north-central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For. Range, Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 039.
  • 19
    • 0013570548 scopus 로고
    • Suggestions and criteria for more effective regression sampling
    • Demaerschalk J.P., and Kozak A. Suggestions and criteria for more effective regression sampling. Can. J. For. Res. 4 (1974) 341-348
    • (1974) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.4 , pp. 341-348
    • Demaerschalk, J.P.1    Kozak, A.2
  • 21
    • 0020409258 scopus 로고
    • Growth of lodgepole pine and white spruce in the central interior of British Columbia
    • Eis S., Craigdallie D., and Simmons C. Growth of lodgepole pine and white spruce in the central interior of British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 12 (1982) 567-575
    • (1982) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.12 , pp. 567-575
    • Eis, S.1    Craigdallie, D.2    Simmons, C.3
  • 22
    • 36549019947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspen competition affects light and white spruce growth across several boreal sites in western Canada
    • Filipescu C.N., and Comeau P.G. Aspen competition affects light and white spruce growth across several boreal sites in western Canada. Can. J. For. Res. 37 (2007) 1701-1713
    • (2007) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.37 , pp. 1701-1713
    • Filipescu, C.N.1    Comeau, P.G.2
  • 23
    • 0000436321 scopus 로고
    • Rapid estimation of leaf area index in conifer and broad-leaf plantations
    • Gower S.T., and Norman J.M. Rapid estimation of leaf area index in conifer and broad-leaf plantations. Ecology 72 5 (1991) 1896-1900
    • (1991) Ecology , vol.72 , Issue.5 , pp. 1896-1900
    • Gower, S.T.1    Norman, J.M.2
  • 25
    • 3042595759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A model to estimate light interception by tree crowns, applied to black spruce
    • Groot A. A model to estimate light interception by tree crowns, applied to black spruce. Can. J. For. Res. 34 (2004) 788-799
    • (2004) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.34 , pp. 788-799
    • Groot, A.1
  • 26
    • 62049083686 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hegyi, F., 1974. A simulation model for managing jack-pine stands. In: Fries, J. (Ed.), Growth Models for Tree and Stand Simulation. Royal College of Forestry, Stockholm, Sweden. Res. Note 30, pp. 74-90.
    • Hegyi, F., 1974. A simulation model for managing jack-pine stands. In: Fries, J. (Ed.), Growth Models for Tree and Stand Simulation. Royal College of Forestry, Stockholm, Sweden. Res. Note 30, pp. 74-90.
  • 27
    • 0029668105 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of light quality and carbon dioxide enrichment on the growth and physiology of seedlings of three conifer species. I. Growth responses
    • Hoddinott J., and Scott R. The influence of light quality and carbon dioxide enrichment on the growth and physiology of seedlings of three conifer species. I. Growth responses. Can. J. Bot. 74 (1996) 383-390
    • (1996) Can. J. Bot. , vol.74 , pp. 383-390
    • Hoddinott, J.1    Scott, R.2
  • 28
    • 20044389101 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of aspen (Populus tremuloides) sucker removal on postfire conifer regeneration in central Alaska
    • Johnstone J.F. Effects of aspen (Populus tremuloides) sucker removal on postfire conifer regeneration in central Alaska. Can J. For. Res. 35 (2005) 483-486
    • (2005) Can J. For. Res. , vol.35 , pp. 483-486
    • Johnstone, J.F.1
  • 29
    • 0003184479 scopus 로고
    • Physiographic, stand, and environmental effects on individual tree growth and growth efficiency in subalpine forests
    • Kaufmann M.R., and Ryan M.G. Physiographic, stand, and environmental effects on individual tree growth and growth efficiency in subalpine forests. Tree Physiol. 2 (1986) 47-59
    • (1986) Tree Physiol. , vol.2 , pp. 47-59
    • Kaufmann, M.R.1    Ryan, M.G.2
  • 30
    • 62049083318 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kayahara, G.J., Chen, H.Y.H., Klinka, K., Coates, K.D., 1996. Relations of terminal growth and specific leaf area to available light in naturally regenerated seedlings of logdepole pine and interior spruce in central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For. Research Report 09, 32 pp.
    • Kayahara, G.J., Chen, H.Y.H., Klinka, K., Coates, K.D., 1996. Relations of terminal growth and specific leaf area to available light in naturally regenerated seedlings of logdepole pine and interior spruce in central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For. Research Report 09, 32 pp.
  • 31
    • 30544448857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sapling growth as a function of light and landscape-level variation in soil water and foliar nitrogen in northern Michigan
    • Kobe R.K. Sapling growth as a function of light and landscape-level variation in soil water and foliar nitrogen in northern Michigan. Oecologia 147 (2006) 119-133
    • (2006) Oecologia , vol.147 , pp. 119-133
    • Kobe, R.K.1
  • 32
    • 0030618287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Models of sapling mortality as a function of growth to characterize interspecific variation in shade tolerance of eight tree species of northwestern British Columbia
    • Kobe R.K., and Coates K.D. Models of sapling mortality as a function of growth to characterize interspecific variation in shade tolerance of eight tree species of northwestern British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 27 (1997) 227-236
    • (1997) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.27 , pp. 227-236
    • Kobe, R.K.1    Coates, K.D.2
  • 33
    • 0035087313 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Photosynthesis and carbon allocation of six boreal tree species grown in understory and open conditions
    • Landhausser S.M., and Lieffers V.J. Photosynthesis and carbon allocation of six boreal tree species grown in understory and open conditions. Tree Physiol. 21 (2001) 243-250
    • (2001) Tree Physiol. , vol.21 , pp. 243-250
    • Landhausser, S.M.1    Lieffers, V.J.2
  • 34
    • 0036253013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Light dynamics and free-to-grow standards in aspen-dominated mixedwood forests
    • Lieffers V.J., Pinno B.D., and Stadt K.J. Light dynamics and free-to-grow standards in aspen-dominated mixedwood forests. For. Chron. 78 1 (2002) 137-145
    • (2002) For. Chron. , vol.78 , Issue.1 , pp. 137-145
    • Lieffers, V.J.1    Pinno, B.D.2    Stadt, K.J.3
  • 36
    • 62049086013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Logan, K.T., 1966. Growth of tree seedlings as affected by light intensity. II. Red Pine, White Pine, Jack Pine, and Eastern Larch. Department of Forestry Publication No. 1160, 19 pp.
    • Logan, K.T., 1966. Growth of tree seedlings as affected by light intensity. II. Red Pine, White Pine, Jack Pine, and Eastern Larch. Department of Forestry Publication No. 1160, 19 pp.
  • 37
    • 0020926902 scopus 로고
    • Tests of age-dependent competition indices for individual trees in natural hardwood stands
    • Lorimer C.G. Tests of age-dependent competition indices for individual trees in natural hardwood stands. For. Ecol. Manage. 6 (1983) 343-360
    • (1983) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.6 , pp. 343-360
    • Lorimer, C.G.1
  • 38
    • 62049083825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MacIsaac, D.A., Navratril, S., 1996. Competition dynamics in juvenile boreal hardwood-conifer mixtures. In: Comeau, P.G., Thomas, K.D. (Eds.), Silviculture of Temperate and Boreal Broadleaf-Conifer Mixtures, 1996. Land Management Handbook 36. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C.
    • MacIsaac, D.A., Navratril, S., 1996. Competition dynamics in juvenile boreal hardwood-conifer mixtures. In: Comeau, P.G., Thomas, K.D. (Eds.), Silviculture of Temperate and Boreal Broadleaf-Conifer Mixtures, 1996. Land Management Handbook 36. B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C.
  • 39
    • 62049083178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • McKinnon, L.M., Kayahara, G.J., 2003. Ecology and management of microclimate in boreal mixedwoods. Northeast Science and Information, Ont. Min. Natural Resour., South Porcupine, Ont. Boreal Mixedwood Notes 28, 13 pp.
    • McKinnon, L.M., Kayahara, G.J., 2003. Ecology and management of microclimate in boreal mixedwoods. Northeast Science and Information, Ont. Min. Natural Resour., South Porcupine, Ont. Boreal Mixedwood Notes 28, 13 pp.
  • 40
    • 62049085160 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meidinger, D., Pojar, J., 1991. Ecosystems of British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Spec. Rep. Ser. 6.
    • Meidinger, D., Pojar, J., 1991. Ecosystems of British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Spec. Rep. Ser. 6.
  • 42
    • 62049083234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Navratril, S., MacIsaac, D.A., 1993. Competition index for juvenile mixed stands of lodgepole pine and aspen in west-central Alberta. For. Can. North. For. Cent. Edmonton, Alta. For. Manage. Note 57.
    • Navratril, S., MacIsaac, D.A., 1993. Competition index for juvenile mixed stands of lodgepole pine and aspen in west-central Alberta. For. Can. North. For. Cent. Edmonton, Alta. For. Manage. Note 57.
  • 43
    • 62049084641 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newsome, T.A., Heineman, J.L., Nemec, A.F.L., 2003. Competitive effects of trembling aspen on lodgepole pine performance in the SBS and IDF zones of the Cariboo-Chilcotin region of south-central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 005.
    • Newsome, T.A., Heineman, J.L., Nemec, A.F.L., 2003. Competitive effects of trembling aspen on lodgepole pine performance in the SBS and IDF zones of the Cariboo-Chilcotin region of south-central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 005.
  • 44
    • 62049084401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newsome, T.A., Heineman, J.L., Nemec, A.F.L., 2004. Lodgepole pine response to aspen removal in variable radii in the SBSdw2 variant near Williams Lake, B.C. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 014.
    • Newsome, T.A., Heineman, J.L., Nemec, A.F.L., 2004. Lodgepole pine response to aspen removal in variable radii in the SBSdw2 variant near Williams Lake, B.C. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 014.
  • 45
    • 62049083121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newsome, T.A., Heineman, J.L., Nemec, A.F.L., 2006a. Effects of variable aspen retention on stand development, aspen sucker production, and growth of lodgepole pine in the SBSdw1 variant of south-central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For. Range, Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 032.
    • Newsome, T.A., Heineman, J.L., Nemec, A.F.L., 2006a. Effects of variable aspen retention on stand development, aspen sucker production, and growth of lodgepole pine in the SBSdw1 variant of south-central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For. Range, Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 032.
  • 46
    • 62049083803 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Newsome, T.A., Heineman, J.L., Nemec, A.F.L., 2006b. Early effects of manipulating aspen density and spatial arrangement on lodgepole pine performance, aspen sucker production, and stand development in an 11-year-old stand in the SBPSxc subzone of south-central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 029.
    • Newsome, T.A., Heineman, J.L., Nemec, A.F.L., 2006b. Early effects of manipulating aspen density and spatial arrangement on lodgepole pine performance, aspen sucker production, and stand development in an 11-year-old stand in the SBPSxc subzone of south-central British Columbia. B.C. Min. For., Res. Br., Victoria, B.C. Tech. Rep. 029.
  • 47
    • 42149109013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competitive interactions between juvenile trembling aspen and lodgepole pine: a comparison of two interior British Columbia ecosystems
    • Newsome T.A., Heineman J.L., and Nemec A.F.L. Competitive interactions between juvenile trembling aspen and lodgepole pine: a comparison of two interior British Columbia ecosystems. For. Ecol. Manage. 255 (2008) 2950-2962
    • (2008) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.255 , pp. 2950-2962
    • Newsome, T.A.1    Heineman, J.L.2    Nemec, A.F.L.3
  • 49
    • 0035653478 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring and modelling the crown and light transmission characteristics of juvenile aspen
    • Pinno B.D., Lieffers V.J., and Stadt K.J. Measuring and modelling the crown and light transmission characteristics of juvenile aspen. Can. J. For. Res. 31 (2001) 1930-1939
    • (2001) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.31 , pp. 1930-1939
    • Pinno, B.D.1    Lieffers, V.J.2    Stadt, K.J.3
  • 50
    • 0031822188 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Close association of RGR, leaf and root morphology, seed mass and shade tolerance in seedlings of nine boreal tree species grown in high and low light
    • Reich P.B., Tjoelker M.G., Walters M.B., Vanderklein D.W., and Buschena C. Close association of RGR, leaf and root morphology, seed mass and shade tolerance in seedlings of nine boreal tree species grown in high and low light. Funct. Ecol. 12 (1998) 327-338
    • (1998) Funct. Ecol. , vol.12 , pp. 327-338
    • Reich, P.B.1    Tjoelker, M.G.2    Walters, M.B.3    Vanderklein, D.W.4    Buschena, C.5
  • 51
    • 33846241554 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ® 9.1.3. SAS Institute Inc, Cary, NC
    • ® 9.1.3. SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC.
    • (2004) SAS OnlineDoc
  • 52
    • 0000021292 scopus 로고
    • Reproduction of upland conifers in the lake states as affected by root competition and light
    • Shirley H.L. Reproduction of upland conifers in the lake states as affected by root competition and light. Am. Midland Nat. 33 (1945) 537-612
    • (1945) Am. Midland Nat. , vol.33 , pp. 537-612
    • Shirley, H.L.1
  • 53
    • 22744452958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conifer growth, Armillaria ostoyae root disease, and plant diversity responses to broadleaf competition reduction in mixed forests of southern interior British Columbia
    • Simard S.W., Hagerman S.M., Sachs D.L., Heineman J.L., and Mather W.J. Conifer growth, Armillaria ostoyae root disease, and plant diversity responses to broadleaf competition reduction in mixed forests of southern interior British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 35 (2005) 843-859
    • (2005) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.35 , pp. 843-859
    • Simard, S.W.1    Hagerman, S.M.2    Sachs, D.L.3    Heineman, J.L.4    Mather, W.J.5
  • 54
    • 62049083253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sit, V., Poulin-Costello, M., 1994. Catalog of curves for curve fitting. Biometrics information handbook series. Handbook No. 4. March 1994. Res. Br., B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C. URL: http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Bio/Bio04.htm.
    • Sit, V., Poulin-Costello, M., 1994. Catalog of curves for curve fitting. Biometrics information handbook series. Handbook No. 4. March 1994. Res. Br., B.C. Min. For., Victoria, B.C. URL: http://www.for.gov.bc.ca/hfd/pubs/Docs/Bio/Bio04.htm.
  • 55
    • 0034709375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • MIXLIGHT: a flexible light transmission model for mixed-species forest stands
    • Stadt K.J., and Lieffers V.J. MIXLIGHT: a flexible light transmission model for mixed-species forest stands. Agric. For. Meteorol. 102 (2000) 235-252
    • (2000) Agric. For. Meteorol. , vol.102 , pp. 235-252
    • Stadt, K.J.1    Lieffers, V.J.2
  • 56
    • 33644907458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Height growth of planted conifer seedlings in relation to solar radiation and position in Scots pine shelterwood
    • Strand M., Lofvenius M.O., Bergsten U., Lundmark T., and Rosvall O. Height growth of planted conifer seedlings in relation to solar radiation and position in Scots pine shelterwood. For. Ecol. Manage. 224 (2006) 258-265
    • (2006) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.224 , pp. 258-265
    • Strand, M.1    Lofvenius, M.O.2    Bergsten, U.3    Lundmark, T.4    Rosvall, O.5
  • 57
    • 27944496542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prolonged herbicide-induced vegetation changes in a regenerating boreal aspen clearcut
    • Strong W.L., and Sidhu S.S. Prolonged herbicide-induced vegetation changes in a regenerating boreal aspen clearcut. J. Environ. Manage. 77 (2005) 194-204
    • (2005) J. Environ. Manage. , vol.77 , pp. 194-204
    • Strong, W.L.1    Sidhu, S.S.2
  • 58
    • 3242754285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalized height-diameter models-an application for major tree species in complex stands of interior British Columbia
    • Temesgen H., and Gadow K.v. Generalized height-diameter models-an application for major tree species in complex stands of interior British Columbia. Eur. J. For. Res. 123 (2004) 45-51
    • (2004) Eur. J. For. Res. , vol.123 , pp. 45-51
    • Temesgen, H.1    Gadow, K.v.2
  • 59
    • 0024944440 scopus 로고
    • Distance-dependent competition measures for predicting growth of individual trees
    • Tome M., and Burkhart H.E. Distance-dependent competition measures for predicting growth of individual trees. For. Sci. 35 (1989) 816-831
    • (1989) For. Sci. , vol.35 , pp. 816-831
    • Tome, M.1    Burkhart, H.E.2
  • 60
    • 29744460695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microclimate and spruce growth gradients adjacent to young aspen stands
    • Voicu M.F., and Comeau P.G. Microclimate and spruce growth gradients adjacent to young aspen stands. For. Ecol. Manage. 221 (2006) 13-26
    • (2006) For. Ecol. Manage. , vol.221 , pp. 13-26
    • Voicu, M.F.1    Comeau, P.G.2
  • 61
    • 33750089290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth of Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine, and ponderosa pine seedlings under-planted in a partially-cut, dry Douglas-fir stand in south-central British Columbia
    • Vyse A., Ferguson C., Simard S.W., Kano T., and Puttonen P. Growth of Douglas-fir, lodgepole pine, and ponderosa pine seedlings under-planted in a partially-cut, dry Douglas-fir stand in south-central British Columbia. For. Chron. 82 5 (2006) 723-732
    • (2006) For. Chron. , vol.82 , Issue.5 , pp. 723-732
    • Vyse, A.1    Ferguson, C.2    Simard, S.W.3    Kano, T.4    Puttonen, P.5
  • 62
    • 0034466084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Competition and critical-period thresholds for vegetation management decisions in young conifer stands
    • Wagner R.G. Competition and critical-period thresholds for vegetation management decisions in young conifer stands. For. Chron. 76 (2000) 961-968
    • (2000) For. Chron. , vol.76 , pp. 961-968
    • Wagner, R.G.1
  • 63
    • 0000398642 scopus 로고
    • Competition thresholds for the survival and growth of ponderosa pine seedlings associated with woody and herbaceous vegetation
    • Wagner R.G., Petersen T.D., Ross D.W., and Radosevich S.R. Competition thresholds for the survival and growth of ponderosa pine seedlings associated with woody and herbaceous vegetation. New Forests 3 (1989) 151-170
    • (1989) New Forests , vol.3 , pp. 151-170
    • Wagner, R.G.1    Petersen, T.D.2    Ross, D.W.3    Radosevich, S.R.4
  • 64
    • 0004292271 scopus 로고
    • Describing ecosystems in the field. RAB technical
    • No. 7. Province of BC, Victoria, BC
    • Walmsley, M., Utzig, G., Vold, T., Moon, D., van Barneveld, J., 1980. Describing ecosystems in the field. RAB technical paper 2. Land Management Report No. 7. Province of BC, Victoria, BC. http://www.llbc.leg.bc.ca/public/PubDocs/bcdocs/264741/Lmr007.pdf.
    • (1980) Land Management Report
    • Walmsley, M.1    Utzig, G.2    Vold, T.3    Moon, D.4    van Barneveld, J.5
  • 65
    • 0032963042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of light availability and sapling size on the growth and crown morphology of understory Douglas-fir and lodgepole pine
    • Williams H., Messier C., and Kneeshaw D.D. Effects of light availability and sapling size on the growth and crown morphology of understory Douglas-fir and lodgepole pine. Can. J. For. Res. 29 (1999) 222-231
    • (1999) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.29 , pp. 222-231
    • Williams, H.1    Messier, C.2    Kneeshaw, D.D.3
  • 66
    • 0033693165 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of suppression and release on sapling growth for 11 tree species of northern, interior British Columbia
    • Wright E.F., Canham C.D., and Coates K.D. Effects of suppression and release on sapling growth for 11 tree species of northern, interior British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 30 (2000) 1571-1580
    • (2000) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.30 , pp. 1571-1580
    • Wright, E.F.1    Canham, C.D.2    Coates, K.D.3
  • 67
    • 0031741303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species variability in growth response to light across climatic regions in northwestern British Columbia
    • Wright E.F., Coates K.D., Canham C.D., and Bartemucci P. Species variability in growth response to light across climatic regions in northwestern British Columbia. Can. J. For. Res. 28 (1998) 871-886
    • (1998) Can. J. For. Res. , vol.28 , pp. 871-886
    • Wright, E.F.1    Coates, K.D.2    Canham, C.D.3    Bartemucci, P.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.