Molecular characterization of SAT-2 foot-and-mouth disease virus isolates obtained from cattle during a four-month period in 2001 in Limpopo Province, South Africa

Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research

Volumn 75, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 267-277

  Phologane, B S ^a,b   Dwarka, R M ^a   Haydon, D T ^c   Gerber, L J ^b   Vosloo, W ^a,d  

^a ONDERSTEPOORT VETERINARY INSTITUTE   (South Africa)

^b TSHWANE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (South Africa)

^c UNIVERSITY OF GLASGOW   (United Kingdom)

^d UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

Author keywords

1D (VP1) gene; Cattle; Foot and mouth disease; Mutation rate; SAT 2

Indexed keywords

ANIMALIA; BOS; FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS; RNA VIRUSES; SYNCERUS CAFFER;

EID: 61549134724     PISSN: 00302465     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.4102/ojvr.v75i4.103     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. BASTOS, A.D.S. 1998. Detection and characterisation of footand-mouth disease virus in sub-Saharan Africa. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 65:37-47.
2. BASTOS, A.D., ANDERSON, E.C., BENGIS, R.G., KEET, D.F., WINTERBACH, H.K. & THOMSON, G.R. 2003a. Molecular epidemiology of SAT3-type foot-and-mouth disease. Virus Genes, 27:283-90.
3. BASTOS, A.D., HAYDON, D.T., FORSBERG, R., KNOWLES, N.J., ANDERSON, E.C., BENGIS, R.G., NEL, L.H. & THOM- SON, G.R. 2001. Genetic heterogeneity of SAT-1 type footand-mouth disease viruses in southern Africa. Archives of Virology, 146:1537-51.
4. BASTOS, A.D., HAYDON, D.T., SANGARE, O., BOSHOFF, C.I., EDRICH, J.L. & THOMSON, G.R. 2003b. The implications of virus diversity within the SAT 2 serotype for control of footand-mouth disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of General Virology, 84:1595-606.
5. BECK, E. & STROHMAIER, K. 1987. Subtyping of European foot-and-mouth disease virus strains by nucleotide sequence determination. Journal of Virology, 61:1621-1629.
6. BOOM, R., SOL, C.J., SALIMANS, M.M.M., JANSEN, C.L., WERTHEIM-VAN DILLEN, P.M.E. & VAN DER NOORDAA, J. 1990. Rapid and simple method for purification of nucleic acids. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 28:495-503.
7. BROOKSBY, J.B. 1982. Portraits of viruses: foot-and-mouth disease virus. Intervirology, 18:1-23.
8. BRÜCKNER, G.K., VOSLOO, W., DU PLESSIS, B.J.A., KLOECK, P.E.L.G., CONNOWAY, L, EKRON, M.D., WEAVER, D.B., DICKASON, C.J., SCHREUDER, F.J., MARAIS, T. & MO- GAJANE, M.E. 2002. Foot and mouth disease: the experience in South Africa. Revue Scientifique et Technique de I'OIE, 21:751-764.
9. CALLENS, M. & DE CLERCQ, K. 1997. Differentiation of the seven serotypes of foot-and-mouth disease virus by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Journal of Virological Methods, 67:35-44.
10. CLEMENT, M., POSADA, D. & CRANDELL, K.A. 2000. TCS: a computer program to estimate gene genealogies. Molecular Ecology, 9:1657-1659.
11. CLOETE, M., DUNGU, B., VAN STADEN, L.I., ISMAIL-CASSIM, N. & VOSLOO, W. 2008. Evaluation of different adjuvants for foot-and-mouth disease vaccine containing all the SAT serotypes. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 75:17-31.
12. CONDY, J.B., HEDGER, R.S., HAMBLIN, C. & BARNETT, I.T.R. 1985. The duration of the foot-and-mouth disease carrier state in African buffalo (i) in the individual animal and (ii) in a free-living herd. Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, 8:259-265.
13. DIEZ, J., MATEU, M.G. & DOMINGO, E. 1989. Selection of antigenic variants of foot-and-mouth disease virus in the absence of antibodies, as revealed by an in situ assay. General Virology, 70:3281-9.
14. DOMINGO, E., DÁVILA, M. & ORTÍN, J. 1980. Nucleotide sequence heterogeneity of the RNA from a natural population of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Gene, 11:333-46.
15. DRAKE, J.W. 1993. Rates of spontaneous mutations among RNA viruses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA, 90:4171-75.
16. DRAKE, J.W. & HOLLAND, J.J. 1999. Mutation rates among RNA viruses. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA, 96:13910-13913.
17. FARES, M.A., MOYA, A., ESCARMIS, C., BARANOWSKI, E., DOMINGO, E. & BARRIO, E. 2001. Evidence for positive selection in the capsid protein-coding region of the foot-andmouth disease virus (FMDV) subjected to experimental passage regimens. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 18:10-21.
18. GEBAUER, F., DE LA TORRE, J.C., GOMES, I., MATEN, M.G., BARAHONA, H., TIRABOSHI, B., BERGMAN, I., DE MELLO, P.A. & DOMINGO, E. 1988. Rapid selection of genetic and antigenic variants of foot-and-mouth disease during persistence in cattle. Virology, 62:2041-2049.
19. GONZALEZ, M.J., SAIZ, J.C., LAOR, O. & MOORE, D.M. 1991. Antigenic stability of foot-and-mouth disease virus variants on serial passage in cell culture. Journal of Virology, 65: 3949-3953.
20. HARLEY, E.H. 2001. DAPSA. DNA and protein sequence analysis, version 4.91. Department of Chemical Pathology, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
21. HASEGAWA, M., KISHINO, H. & YANO, T. 1985. Dating of the human-ape splitting by a molecular clock of mitochondrial DNA. Journal of Molecular Evolution, 22:160-174.
22. HAYDON, D.T., BASTOS, A., SAMUEL, A. & KNOWLES, N. 2001a. Evidence for positive selection in foot-and-mouthdisease-virus capsid genes from field isolates. Genetics, 157: 7-15.
23. HAYDON, D.T., SAMUEL, A.R. & KNOWLES, N.J. 2001b. The generation and persistence of genetic variation in foot-andmouth disease virus. Preventative Veterinary Medicine, 51: 111-124.
24. HOLLAND, J.J., SPINDLER, K., HORODYSKI, F., GRABEU, E., NICHOL, S. & VANDE POL, S. 1982. Rapid evolution of RNA genomes. Science, 215:1577-1585.
25. HUNTER, P. 1998. Vaccination as a means of control of foot-andmouth disease in sub-saharan Africa. Vaccine, 16:261-264.
26. KITSON, J.D., MCCAHON, D. & BELSHAM, G.J. 1990. Sequence analysis of monoclonal antibody resistant mutants of type O foot and mouth disease virus: evidence for the involvement of the three surface exposed capsid proteins in four antigenic sites. Virology, 179:26-34.
27. MARTIN, M.J., NUNEZ, J.I., SOBRINO, F. & DOPAZO, J. 1998. A procedure for detecting selection in highly variable viral genomes: evidence of positive selection in antigenic regions of capsid protein VP1 of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Journal of Virological Methods, 74:215-21.
28. MASON, P.W., GRUBMAN, M.J. & BAXT, B. 2003. Molecular basis of pathogenesis of FMDV. Virus Research, 91:9-32.
29. MATEU, M.G., CAMARERO, J.A., GIRALT, E., ANDREU, D. & DOMINGO, E. 1995. Direct evaluation of the immunodominance of a major antigenic site of foot-and-mouth disease virus in a natural host. Virology, 206:298-306.
30. MATEU, M.G., MARTINEZ, M.A., ROCHA, E., ANDREU, D., PA- REJO, J., GIRALT, E., SOBRINO, F. & DOMINGO, E. 1989. Implications of a quasispecies genome structure: effect of frequent, naturally occurring amino acid substitutions on the antigenicity of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science, USA, 86:5883-5887.
31. MEYER, R.F., PACCIARINI, M., HILYARD, E.J., FERRARI, S., VAKHARIA, V.N., DONINI, G., BROCCHI, E. & MOLITOR, T.W. 1994. Genetic variation of foot-and-mouth disease virus from field outbreaks to laboratory isolation. Virus Research, 32:299-312.
32. SAHLE, M., DWARKA, R.M., VENTER, E.H & VOSLOO, W. 2007a. Comparison of SAT-1 foot-and-mouth disease virus isolates obtained from East Africa between 1971 and 2000 with viruses from the rest of sub-Saharan Africa. Archives of Virology, 152:797-804.
33. SAHLE, M., DWARKA, R.M., VENTER, E.H. & VOSLOO, W. 2007b. Study of the genetic heterogeneity of SAT-2 foot-andmouth disease virus in sub-Saharan Africa with specific focus on East Africa. Onderstepoort Journal of Veterinary Research, 74:289-299.
34. SALT, J.S., SAMUEL, A.R. & KITCHING, R.P. 1996. Antigenic analysis of type O foot-and-mouth disease virus in the persistently infected bovine. Archives of Virology, 141:1407-1421.
35. SANGARE, O., BASTOS, A.D.S., MARQUARDT, O., VENTER, E.H., VOSLOO, W. & THOMSON, G.R. 2001. Molecular epidemiology of serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus with emphasis on West and South Africa. Virus Genes, 22:343-349.
36. STAVE, J.W., CARD, J.L., MORGAN, D.O. & VAKHARIA, V.N. 1988. Neutralization sites of type O1 foot-and-mouth disease virus defined by monoclonal antibodies and neutralizationescape virus variants. Virology, 162:21-29.
37. z.ast; and other methods). Version 4.0b8. Sunderland, Massachusetts: Sinauer Associates.
38. TEMPLETON, A.R., CRANDALL, K.A. & SING, C.F. 1992. A cladistic analysis of phenotypic associations with haplotypes inferred from restriction endonuclease mapping and DNA sequence data. III. Cladogram estimation. Genetics, 132:619-633.
39. nd ed., edited by J.A.W. Coetzer & R.C. Tustin. Cape Town: Oxford University Press Southern Africa.
40. VOSLOO, W., DE KLERK, L.M., BOSHOFF, C.I., BOTHA, B., DWARKA, R.M., KEET, D. & HAYDON, D.T. 2007. Characterisation of a SAT-1 outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease in captive African buffalo (Syncerus caffer): clinical symptoms, genetic characterisation and phylogenetic comparison of outbreak isolates. Veterinary Microbiology, 120:226-240.
41. VOSLOO, W. & THOMSON, G.R. 2004. Natural habitats in which foot-and-mouth disease viruses are maintained, in Foot-andmouth disease: current perspectives, edited by E. Domingo & F. Sobrino, Great Britain: Horizon Bioscience.
42. VOSLOO, W., BASTOS, A.D.S., MICHEL, A. & THOMSON, G.R. 2001. Tracing movement of African buffalo in southern Africa. OIE Scientific and Technical Review, 20:630-639.
43. VOSLOO, W., BASTOS, A.D., KIRKBRIDE, E., ESTERHUYSEN, J.J., JANSE VAN RENSBURG, D., BENGIS, R.G., KEET,
44. D.F. & THOMSON, G.R. 1996. Persistent infection of African buffalo (Syncerus caffer) with SAT-type foot-and-mouth disease viruses: rate of fixation of mutations, antigenic change and interspecies transmission. Journal of General Virology, 77:1457-1467.
45. VOSLOO, W., BASTOS, A.D.S. & BOSHOFF, K. 2006. Retrospective genetic analysis of SAT-1 type foot-and-mouth disease outbreaks in southern Africa. Archives of Virology, 151: 285-298.
46. YANG, Z. 1997. PAML: a program for package for phylogenetic analysis by maximum likelihood. CABIOS, 15:555-556.