Chapter 3 Ultraviolet-Visible-Near Infrared Spectroscopy in Catalysis. Theory, Experiment, Analysis, and Application Under Reaction Conditions

Advances in Catalysis

Volumn 52, Issue C, 2009, Pages 129-211

  Jentoft, Friederike C ^a,b  

^a FRITZ HABER INSTITUT DER MAX PLANCK GESELLSCHAFT   (Germany)

^b University of Oklahoma   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 60449105725     PISSN: 03600564     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book Series    
DOI: 10.1016/S0360-0564(08)00003-5     Document Type: Review

References (213)

1. Ahmad R., Melsheimer J., Jentoft F.C., and Schlögl R. J. Catal. 218 (2003) 365
2. Argyle M.D., Chen K., Bell A.T., and Iglesia E. J. Catal. 208 (2002) 139
3. Argyle M.D., Chen K., Iglesia E., and Bell A.T. J. Phys. Chem. B 109 (2005) 2414
4. Argyle M.D., Chen K., Resini C., Krebs C., Bell A.T., and Iglesia E. Chem. Commun. (2003) 2082
5. Argyle M.D., Chen K., Resini C., Krebs C., Bell A.T., and Iglesia E. J. Phys. Chem. B 108 (2004) 2345
6. Avantes (Sept. 29, 2006). www.avantes.com accessed
7. Baertsch C.D., Komola K.T., Chua Y.-H., and Iglesia E. J. Catal. 205 (2002) 44
8. Bailes M., Bordiga S., Stone F.S., and Zecchina A. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 92 (1996) 4675
9. Barton D.G., Shtein M., Wilson R.D., Soled S.L., and Iglesia E. J. Phys. Chem. B. 103 (1999) 630
10. Beale A.M., van der Eerden A.M.J., Kervinen K., Newton M.A., and Weckhuysen B.M. Chem. Commun. (2005) 3015
11. Bensalem A., Weckhuysen B.M., and Schoonheydt R.A. J. Phys. Chem. B 101 (1997) 2824
12. Bentrup U., Brückner A., Rüdinger C., and Eberle H.-J. Appl. Catal. A Gen. 269 (2004) 237
13. Brik Y., Kacimi M., Bozon-Verduraz F., and Ziyad M. Microp. Mesop. Mater. 43 (2001) 103
14. Brik Y., Kacimi M., Ziyad M., and Bozon-Verduraz F. J. Catal. 202 (2001) 118
15. Brosius R., Arve K., Groothaert M.H., and Martens J.H. J. Catal. 231 (2005) 344
16. Brückner A. Appl. Catal. A: Gen. 200 (2000) 287
17. Brückner A. Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng. 45 (2003) 97
18. Brückner A. Chem. Commun. (2005) 1761
19. Brückner A. Chem. Commun. (2001) 2122
20. Brückner A., and Kondratenko E. Catal. Today 113 (2006) 16
21. Brückner A., Kubias B., and Lücke B. Catal. Today 32 (1996) 215
22. Burcham L.J., Deo G., Gao X., and Wachs I.E. Top. Catal. 11/12 (2000) 85
23. Bürgi T. J. Catal. 229 (2005) 55
24. Busca G., Martra G., and Zecchina A. Catal. Today 56 (2000) 361
25. Buyevskaya O.V., and Baerns M. Catal. Today 42 (1998) 315
26. Catana G., Rao R.R., Weckhuysen B.M., Van Der Voort P., Vansant E., and Schoonheydt R.A. J. Phys. Chem. B 102 (1998) 8005
27. Chandrashekhar S. Radiative Transfer (1960), Dover, New York 9
28. Chan S., and Bell A.T. J. Catal. 89 (1984) 433
29. Che M., and Bozon-Verduraz F. In: Ertl G., Knözinger H., and Weitkamp J. (Eds). Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis Vol. 2 (1997), Verlag Chemie, Weinheim 641
30. Cherian M., Rao M.S., Hirt A.M., Wachs I.E., and Deo G. J. Catal. 211 (2002) 482
31. Cox S.D., and Stucky G.D. J. Phys. Chem. 95 (1991) 710
32. Custers J.F.H., and de Boer J.H. Physica (The Hague) 1 (1934) 265
33. Custers J.F.H., and de Boer J.H. Physica (The Hague) 3 (1936) 407
34. de Boer J.H. Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Natuurkunde 4 (1938) 276
35. de Boer J.H. Z. physikal. Chem. B16 (1932) 397
36. de Boer J.H. Z. physikal. Chem. B18 (1932) 49
37. de Boer J.H., and Broos J. Z. physikal. Chem. B15 (1932) 281
38. de Boer J.H., and Custers J.F.H. Z. physikal. Chem. B21 (1933) 208
39. de Boer J.H., and Custers J.F.H. Z. physikal. Chem. B25 (1934) 238
40. de Boer J.H., Custers J.F.H., and Dippel C.J. Physica (The Hague) 1 (1934) 935
41. de Boer J.H., and Dippel C.J. Naturwissenschaften 21 (1933) 204
42. de Boer J.H., and Teves M.C. Zeitschr. f. Phys. 65 (1930) 489
43. de Boer J.H., and Teves M.C. Zeitschr. f. Phys. 73 (1931) 192
44. Doskocil E.J., Bordawekar S.V., Kaye B.G., and Davis R.J. J. Phys. Chem. B. 103 (1999) 6277
45. El Mouahid O., Rakotondrainibe A., Crouigneau P., Léger J.M., and Lamy C. J. Electroanal. Chem. 455 (1998) 209
46. Fiberguide (Sept. 29, 2006). www.fiberguide.com accessed
47. Finocchio E., Montanari T., Resini C., and Busca G. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 204-205 (2003) 535
48. Förster H., Franke S., and Seebode J. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I 79 (1983) 373
49. Förster H., and Kiricsi I. Catal. Today 3 (1988) 65
50. Förster H., and Kiricsi I. Zeolites 7 (1987) 508
51. Förster H., Seebode J., Fejes P., and Kiricsi I. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I 83 (1986) 1109
52. Gao X., Bare S.R., Weckhuysen B.M., and Wachs I.E. J. Phys. Chem. B 102 (1998) 10842
53. Gao X., Bañares M.A., and Wachs I.E. J. Catal. 188 (1999) 325
54. Gao X., Bare S.R., Fierro J.L.G., and Wachs I.E. J. Phys. Chem. B 103 (1999) 618
55. Gao X., Fierro J.L.G., and Wachs I.E. Langmuir 15 (1999) 3169
56. Gao X., Jehng J.-M., and Wachs I.E. J. Catal. 209 (2002) 43
57. Gao X., and Wachs I.E. J. Phys. Chem. 104 (2000) 1261
58. Gao X., Wachs I.E., Wong M.S., and Ying J.Y. J. Catal. 203 (2001) 18
59. Garbowski E.D., and Praliaud H. J. Chim. Phys. 76 (1979) 687
60. Garbowski E., Kodratoff Y., Mathieu M.V., and Imelik B. J. Phys. Chim. 69 (1972) 1386
61. Garbowski E., and Praliaud H. In: Imelik B., and Védrine J.C. (Eds). Catalyst Characterization-Physical Techniques for Solid Materials (1994), Plenum Press, New York and London 61
62. Garrone E., and Stone F.S. In: Che M., and Bond G.C. (Eds). Adsorption and Catalysis on Oxide Surfaces (1985), Elsevier, Amsterdam 97
63. Garrone E., and Stone F.S. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. I 83 (1987) 1237
64. Garrone E., Zecchina A., and Stone F.S. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. I 84 (1988) 2843
65. Geobaldo F., Spoto G., Bordiga S., Lamberti C., and Zecchina A. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 93 (1997) 1243
66. Groen J.C., Brückner A., Berrier E., Maldonado L., Moulijn J.A., and Pérez-Ramírez P. J. Catal. 243 (2006) 212
67. Groothaert M.H., Lievens K., Leeman H., Weckhuysen B.M., and Schoonheydt R.A. J. Catal. 220 (2003) 500
68. Groothaert M.H., van Bokhoven J.A., Battiston A.A., Weckhuysen B.M., and Schoonheydt R.A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 125 (2003) 7629
69. Grubert G., Rathouský J., Schulz-Ekloff G., Wark M., and Zukal A. Microp. Mesop. Mat. 22 (1998) 225
70. Harrick. product description, from. The Praying Mantis (Sept. 29 2006). www.harricksci.com accessed
71. Hartmann M., Bischof C., Lan Z., and Kevan L. Microp. Mesop. Mater. 44-45 (2001) 385
72. Hellma product information, Datenblatt 131/06-D-1, retrieved from (July 7, 2006). www.hellma-worldwide.com on
73. Henderson B., and Imbusch G.F. In: Fröhlich H., Heeger A.J., Hirsch P.B., Mott N.F., and Brook R. (Eds). Optical Spectroscopy of Inorganic Solids Monographs in Physics and Chemistry of Materials Vol. 44 (1989), Clarendon Press, Oxford
74. Hess C., Hoefelmeyer J.D., and Tilley T.D. J. Phys. Chem. B 108 (2004) 9703
75. In: Homann K.-H. (Ed). International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)-Größen, Einheiten und Symbole in der Physikalischen Chemie (1996), VCh Weinheim
76. Hu C., Tang Y., Yu J.C., and Wong P.K. Appl. Catal. B: Environ. 40 (2003) 131
77. Hunger M. Prog. Nucl. Magn. Res.Spectrosc. 53 (2008) 105
78. Hunger M., and Horvath T. J. Chem. Soc. Chem. Commun. (1995) 1423
79. Hunger M., and Wang W. Adv. Catal. 50 (2006) 150
80. Hunger M., and Wang W. Chem. Commun. (2004) 584
81. Hwang J.S., Kim D.S., Lee C.W., and Park S.E. Korean J. Chem. Eng. 18 (2001) 919
82. Jentoft F.C., Klokishner S., Kröhnert J., Melsheimer J., Ressler T., Timpe O., Wienold J., and Schlögl R. Appl. Catal. A: Gen. 256 (2003) 291
83. Jentoft R.E., Kniep B.-L., Swoboda M., and Ressler T. In: Gürtler P., Schneider J.R., and Welter E. (Eds). Hasylab Annual Report 2004 (2004), Hamburger Synchrotronstrahlungslabor HASYLAB at Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, a member of the Helmholtz Association 875. http://www-hasylab.desy.de/science/annual_reports/2004_report/main.htm
84. Jiang Y., Huang J., Marthala V.R.R., Ooi Y.S., Weitkamp J., and Hunger M. Microp. Mesop. Mater. 105 (2007) 132
85. Jitianu A., Altindag Y., Zaharescu M., and Wark M. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 26 (2003) 483
86. Juanto S., Lezna R.O., and Arvia A.J. Electrochim. Acta 39 (1994) 81
87. Kaucky D., Dedecek J.I., and Wichterlova B. Microp. Mesop. Mater. 31 (1999) 75-87
88. Kazansky V.B., Borovkov V.Yu., and Karge H.G. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 93 (1997) 1843
89. Kellermann R. In: Delgass W.N., Haller G.L., Kellermann R., and Lunsford J.H. (Eds). Spectroscopy in Heterogeneous Catalysis (1979), Academic Press, New York 86
90. Kervinen K., Korpi H., Mesu J.G., Soulimani F., Repo T., Rieger B., Leskelä M., and Weckhuysen B.M. Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. (2005) 2591
91. Kikutani Y. J. Molec. Catal. A 142 (1999) 247
92. Kikutani Y. J. Molec. Catal. A 142 (1999) 265
93. Kim H., Youn M.H., Jung J.C., and Song I.K. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 252 (2006) 252
94. Kim T., Burrows A., Kiely C.J., and Wachs I.E. J. Catal. 246 (2007) 370
95. Kiricsi I., and Förster H. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I 84 (1988) 491
96. Kiricsi I., Förster H., and Tasi G. Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal. 46 (1989) 355
97. Kiricsi I., Förster H., Tasi G., and Nagy J.B. Chem. Rev. 99 (1999) 2085
98. Additions and Corrections in Chem. Rev. 99 (1999) 3367
99. Kiricsi I., Förster H., Tasi Gy., and Fejes P. J. Catal. 115 (1989) 597
100. Kiricsi I., Tasi Gy., Molnar A., and Förster H. J. Mol. Struct. 239 (1990) 185
101. Klier K. Catal. Rev.-Sci. Eng. 1 (1968) 207
102. Klier K. J. Optic. Soc. Am. 62 (1972) 882
103. Klier K., and Rálek M. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 29 (1968) 951
104. Klokishner S., Melsheimer J., Ahmad R., Jentoft F.C., Mestl G., and Schlögl R. Spectrochimica Acta Part A 58 (2002) 1
105. Klose B.S., Jentoft F.C., Joshi P., Trunschke A., Schlögl R., Subbotina I.R., and Kazansky V.B. Catal. Today 116 (2006) 121
106. Klose B.S., Jentoft R.E., Hahn A., Ressler T., Kröhnert J., Wrabetz S., Yang X., and Jentoft F.C. J. Catal. 217 (2003) 487
107. Kondratenko E.V., and Baerns M. Appl. Catal. A: Gen. 222 (2001) 133
108. Kondratenko E.V., Cherian M., Baerns M., Su D., Schlögl R., Wang X., and Wachs I.E. J. Catal. 234 (2005) 131
109. Kortüm G. Reflectance Spectroscopy (1969), Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York
110. Kortüm G., Braun W., and Herzog G. Angew. Chem. 75 (1963) 653
111. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2 (1963) 233
112. Kortüm G., and Schreyer G. Angew. Chem. 67 (1955) 694
113. Kortüm G., and Schreyer G. Z. Naturforschg. 11a (1956) 1018
114. Krishna R.M., Prakash A.M., and Kevan L. J. Phys. Chem. B 104 (2000) 1796
115. Kuba S., Che M., Grasselli R.K., and Knözinger H. J. Phys. Chem. B. 107 (2003) 3459
116. Kuba S., Lukinskas P., Ahmad R., Jentoft F.C., Grasselli R.K., Gates B.C., and Knözinger H. J. Catal. 219 (2003) 376
117. Kubelka P., and Munk F. Z. Tech. Physik 12 (1931) 593
118. Kumar M.S., Schwidder M., Grünert W., and Brückner A. J. Catal. 227 (2004) 384
119. Lee E.L., and Wachs I.E. J. Phys. Chem. C. 111 (2007) 14410
120. Lee J.K., Melsheimer J., Berndt S., Mestl G., Schlögl R., and Köhler K. Appl. Catal. A: Gen. 214 (2001) 125
121. Lezna R.O., Romagnoli R., de Tacconi N.R., and Rajeshwar K. J. Electroanal. Chem. 544 (2003) 101
122. Liu Y.-M., Cao Y., Yi N., Feng W.-L., Dai W.-L., Yan S.-R., He H.-Y., and Fan K.-N. J. Catal. 224 (2004) 417
123. Lu J., Bravo-Suárez J.J., Takahashi A., Haruta M., and Oyama S.T. J. Catal. 323 (2005) 85
124. Macht J., Baertsch C.D., May-Lozano M., Soled S.L., Wang Y., and Iglesia E. J. Catal. 227 (2004) 479
125. Medin A.S., Borovkov V.Yu., and Kazanskii V.B. Kinet. Catal. 30 (1989) 152
126. Melamed N.T. J. Appl. Phys. 34 (1963) 560
127. Melsheimer J., Böhm M.C., Lee J.K., and Schlögl R. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 101 (1997) 726
128. Melsheimer J., Guo W., Ziegler D., Wesemann M., and Schlögl R. Catal. Lett. 11 (1991) 157
129. Melsheimer J., Kröhnert J., Ahmad R., Klokishner S., Jentoft F.C., Mestl G., and Schlögl R. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 4 (2002) 2398
130. Melsheimer J., Mahmoud S.S., Mestl G., and Schlögl R. Catal. Lett. 60 (1999) 103
131. Melsheimer J., and Schlögl R. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 101 (1997) 733
132. Melsheimer J., and Schlögl R. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 357 (1997) 397
133. Melsheimer J., Thiede M., Ahmad R., Tzolova-Müller G., and Jentoft F.C. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5 (2003) 4366
134. Melsheimer J., and Ziegler D. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday 88 (1992) 2101
135. Mesu J.G., Beale A.M., de Groot F.M.F., and Weckhuysen B.M. J. Phys. Chem. B 110 (2006) 17671
136. Mesu J.G., van der Eerden A.M.J., de Groot F.M.F., and Weckhuysen B.M. J. Phys. Chem. B 109 (2005) 4042
137. Montanari T., Bevilacqua M., Resini C., and Busca G. J. Phys. Chem. B 108 (2004) 2120
138. Moradi K., Depecker C., Barbillat J., and Corset J. Spectrochim. Acta Part A 55 (1999) 43
139. Négrier F., Marceau E., Che M., Giraudon J.-M., Gegembre L., and Löfberg A. J. Phys. Chem. B 109 (2005) 2836
140. Nelson R.L., Hale J.W., and Harmsworth B.J. Trans. Faraday Soc. 67 (1971) 1164
141. Nijhuis T.A., Tinnemans S.J., Visser T., and Weckhuysen B.M. Chem. Eng. Sci. 59 (2004) 5487
142. Nijhuis T.A., Tinnemans S.J., Visser T., and Weckhuysen B.M. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5 (2003) 4361
143. Oceanoptics. accessed Sept. 29, 2006. www.oceanoptics.com
144. Park S.K., Kurshev V., Lee C.W., and Kevan L. Appl. Magn. Res. 19 (2000) 21
145. Pazé C., Sazak B., Zecchina A., and Dwyer J. J. Phys. Chem. B 103 (1999) 9978
146. Pereira C., Kokotailo G.T., and Gorte R.J. J. Phys. Chem. 95 (1991) 705
147. Pérez-Ramírez J., Kumar M.S., and Brückner A. J. Catal. 223 (2004) 13
148. Perkampus H.-H. UV-vis Spektroskopie und ihre Anwendungen. (1986), Springer Verlag, Berlin
149. Popescu D.A., Herrmann J.M., Ensuque A., and Bozon-Verduraz F. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 3 (2001) 2522
150. Puurunen R.L., Beheydt B.G., and Weckhuysen B.M. J. Catal. 204 (2001) 253
151. Rao T.V.M., Deo G., Jehng J.-M., and Wachs I.E. Langmuir 20 (2004) 7159
152. Resini C., Montanari T., Busca G., Jehng J.M., and Wachs I.E. Catal. Today 99 (2005) 105
153. Resini C., Montanari T., Nappi L., Bagnasco G., Turco M., Busca G., Bregani F., Notaro M., and Rocchini G. J. Catal. 214 (2003) 179
154. Richter M., Abramova A., Bentrup U., and Fricke R. J. Appl. Spectrosc. 71 (2004) 400
155. Rybarczyk P., Berndt H., Radnik J., Pohl M.-M., Buyevskaya O., Baerns M., and Brückner A. J. Catal. 202 (2001) 45
156. Santhosh Kumar M., Schwidder M., Grünert W., Bentrup U., and Brückner A. J. Catal. 239 (2006) 173
157. Sazama P., Čapek L., Drobná H., Sobalík Z., Dědeček J., Arve K., and Wichterlová B. J. Catal. 232 (2005) 302
158. Schoonheydt R.A. In: Delannay F. (Ed). Characterization of Heterogeneous Catalysts (1984), Marcel Dekker, New York and Basel 125
159. Schulz-Ekloff G., Lipski R.J., Jaeger N.I., Hülstede P., and Kubelkova L. Catal. Lett. 30 (1995) 65
160. Schuster A. Astrophys. J. 21 (1905) 1
161. Sels B., De Vos D.E., Grobet P.J., and Jacobs P.A. Chem. Eur. J. 7 (2001) 2547
162. Sendoda Y., Ono Y., and Keii T. J. Catal. 39 (1975) 357
163. Shibata J., Shimizu K.-i., Takada Y., Shichi A., Yoshida H., Satokawa S., Satsuma A., and Hattori T. J. Catal. 227 (2004) 367
164. Shibata J., Takada Y., Shichi A., Satokawa S., Satsuma A., and Hattori T. J. Catal. 222 (2004) 368
165. Shimizu K.-i., Okada F., Nakamura Y., Satsuma A., and Hattori T. J. Catal. 195 (2000) 151
166. Shimizu K.-i., Tsuzuki M., Kato K., Yokota S., Okumura K., and Satsuma A. J. Phys. Chem. C 111 (2007) 950
167. Simmons E.L. Appl. Optics 14 6 (1975) 1380
168. Sojka Z., Bozon-Verduraz M., and Che. In: Ertl G., Knözinger H., Schüth F., and Weitkamp J. (Eds). Handbook of Heterogeneous Catalysis Vol. 2 (2008), WILEY-VCH, Weinheim 1039
169. Sphereoptics. Integrating Sphere Design and Applications-Technical Information (2004)
170. Spielbauer D., Mekhemer G.A.H., Bosch E., and Knözinger H. Catal. Lett. 36 (1996) 59
171. Springsteen A. Anal. Chim. Act. 380 (1999) 379
172. Springsteen A. Spectroscopy 15 5 (2000) 20
173. Springsteen A. Spectroscopy 15 6 (2000) 22
174. Steinfeldt N., Müller D., and Baerns M. Appl. Catal. A: Gen. 272 (2004) 201
175. Stellarnet (Oct. 06, 2006). www.stellarnet-inc.com accessed
176. Stone F.S. In: Bonnelle J.P., Delmon B., and Derouane E.G. (Eds). Surface Properties and Catalysis by Non-Metals (1983), D. Reidel Publishing Company, Boston 237
177. Sung-Suh H.M., Kim D.S., Lee C.W., and Park S.E. Appl. Organomet. Chem. 14 (2000) 826
178. Terenin A. Adv. Catal. 15 (1964) 227
179. Theocharous E. Appl. Optics 45 (2006) 2381
180. Thiede M., and Melsheimer J. Rev. Sci. Inst. 73 (2002) 394
181. Tinnemans S.J., Kox M.F.H., Nijhuis T.A., Visser T., and Weckhuysen B.M. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 7 (2005) 211
182. Tinnemans S.J., Kox M.H.F., Sletering M.W., Nijhuis T.A., Visser T., and Weckhuysen B.M. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 8 (2006) 2413
183. Tinnemans S.T., Mesu J.G., Kervinen K., Visser T., Nijhuis T.A., Beale A.M., Keller D.E., van der Eerden A.M.J., and Weckhuysen B.M. Catal. Today 113 (2006) 3
184. Tromp M., Sietsma J.R.A., van Bokhoven J.A., van Strijdonck G.P.F., van Haaren R.J., van der Eerden A.M.J., van Leeuwen P.W.N.M., and Koningsberger D.C. Chem. Commun. (2003) 128
185. Tzolova-Müller, G., Jentoft, F.C., Villegas, J.I., and Murzin, D.Yu., unpublished results.
186. Valentine A.M., Stahl S.S., and Lippard S.J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 212 (1999) 3876
187. van den Broek A.C.M., van Grondelle J., and van Santen R.A. J. Catal. 167 (1997) 417
188. Van Der Voort P., White M.G., Mitchell M.B., Verbeckmoes A.A., and Vansant E.F. Spectrochim. Acta Part A 53 (1997) 2181
189. van de Water L.G.A., Bergwerff J.A., Leliveld R.G., Weckhuysen B.M., and de Jong K.P. J. Phys. Chem. B 109 (2005) 14513
190. van de Water L.G.A., Bergwerff J.A., Nijhuis T.A., de Jong K.P., and Weckhuysen B.M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 127 (2005) 5024
191. Venter J.J., and Vannice M.A. Appl. Spectrosc. 42 (1988) 1096
192. Verdonck J.J., Schoonheydt R.A., and Jacobs P.A. J. Phys. Chem. 85 (1981) 2393
193. Wark M., Rohlfing Y., Altindag Y., and Wellmann H. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5 (2003) 5188
194. Warnken M., Lazar K., and Wark M. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 3 (2001) 1870
195. Weckhuysen B.M. Chem. Commun. (2002) 97
196. Weckhuysen B.M. In: Weckhuysen B.M. (Ed). In Situ Spectroscopy of Catalysts (2004), American Scientific Publishers, Stevenson Ranch, CA 260
197. Weckhuysen B.M. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 5 (2003) 4351
198. Weckhuysen B.M., Baetens D., and Schoonheydt R.A. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 39 (2000) 3419
199. Weckhuysen B.M., Bensalem A., and Schoonheydt R.A. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. 94 (1998) 2011
200. Weckhuysen B.M., Rao R.R., Pelgrims J., Schoonheydt R.A., Bodart P., Debras G., Collart O., Van Der Voort P., and Vansant E.F. Chem. Eur. J. 6 (2000) 2960
201. Weckhuysen B.M., and Schoonheydt R.A. Catal. Today 49 (1999) 441
202. Weckhuysen B.M., and Schoonheydt R.A. In: Weckhuysen B.M., Van Der Voort P., and Cantana G. (Eds). Spectroscopy of Transition Metal Ions on Surfaces (2000), Leuven University Press, Leuven, Belgium 228
203. Weckhuysen B.M., Verberckmoes A.A., Debaere J., Ooms K., Langhans I., and Schoonheydt R.A. J. Mol. Catal. A: Chem. 151 (2000) 115
204. Wendlandt W.W., and Hecht H.G. Reflectance Spectroscopy (1966), Interscience Publishers (a division of John Wiley & Sons), New York 19
205. Wichterlová B., Sazama P., Breen J.P., Burch R., Hill C.J., Čapek L., and Sobalík Z. J. Catal. 235 (2005) 195
206. Wovchko E.A., Yates Jr. J.T., Scheithauer M., and Knözinger H. Langmuir 14 (1998) 552
207. Wu Z.L., Kim H.S., Stair P.C., Rugmini S., and Jackson S.D. J. Phys. Chem. B 109 (2005) 2793
208. Xie S., Iglesia E., and Bell A.T. J. Phys. Chem. B 105 (2001) 5144
209. Yang S., Iglesia E., and Bell A.T. J. Phys. Chem. B 109 (2005) 8987
210. Zecchina A., Lofthouse M.G., and Stone F.S. J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. I 71 (1975) 1476
211. Zhu Z.D., Chang Z.X., and Kevan L. J. Phys. Chem. B 103 (1999) 2680
212. Zimmermann Y., and Spange S. J. Phys. Chem. B 106 (2002) 12524
213. Zou W., and Gonzalez R.D. J. Catal. 133 (1992) 202