메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn , Issue , 2006, Pages 1-20

β-Haemolytic Streptococci

Author keywords

haemolytic streptococcal infection epidemiology; haemolytic streptococci; Antimicrobial resistance; Invasive haemolytic disease; Pathogenesis and virulence factors

Indexed keywords


EID: 60249100839     PISSN: None     EISSN: None     Source Type: Book    
DOI: 10.1002/9780470017968.ch1     Document Type: Chapter
Times cited : (3)

References (184)
  • 1
    • 0026658519 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the diagnosis of rheumatic feve. Jones Criteria, 1992 update. Special Writing Group of the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young of the American Heart Association
    • American Heart Association
    • American Heart Association (1992) Guidelines for the diagnosis of rheumatic feve. Jones Criteria, 1992 update. Special Writing Group of the Committee on Rheumatic Fever, Endocarditis, and Kawasaki Disease of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young of the American Heart Association. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 268, 2069-2073.
    • (1992) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.268 , pp. 2069-2073
  • 2
    • 0002575373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rheumatic fever pathogenesis. In Streptococcal Infections: Clinical Aspects, Microbiology and Molecular Pathogenesis
    • Stevens DL, Kaplan EL (eds), Oxford University Press
    • Ayoub EM, Kotb M, Cunningham MW (2000) Rheumatic fever pathogenesis. In Streptococcal Infections: Clinical Aspects, Microbiology and Molecular Pathogenesis. Stevens DL, Kaplan EL (eds). Oxford University Press, pp. 102-132.
    • (2000) , pp. 102-132
    • Ayoub, E.M.1    Kotb, M.2    Cunningham, M.W.3
  • 4
    • 0031924674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opsonic antibodies to the surface M protein of group A streptococci in pooled normal immunoglobulins (IVIG): potential impact on the clinical efficacy of IVIG therapy for severe invasive group A streptococcal infections
    • Basma H, Norrby-Teglund A, McGeer A et al. (1998) Opsonic antibodies to the surface M protein of group A streptococci in pooled normal immunoglobulins (IVIG): potential impact on the clinical efficacy of IVIG therapy for severe invasive group A streptococcal infections. Infection and Immunity, 66, 2279-2283.
    • (1998) Infection and Immunity , vol.66 , pp. 2279-2283
    • Basma, H.1    Norrby-Teglund, A.2    McGeer, A.3
  • 5
    • 0029998772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequencing emm-specific PCR products for routine and accurate typing of group A streptococci
    • Beall B, Facklam R, Thompson T (1996) Sequencing emm-specific PCR products for routine and accurate typing of group A streptococci. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 34, 953-958.
    • (1996) Journal of Clinical Microbiology , vol.34 , pp. 953-958
    • Beall, B.1    Facklam, R.2    Thompson, T.3
  • 7
    • 0036212840 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive group A streptococcal infections in a large tertiary center: epidemiology, characteristics and outcome
    • Ben-Abraham R, Keller N, Vered R et al. (2002) Invasive group A streptococcal infections in a large tertiary center: epidemiology, characteristics and outcome. Infection, 30, 81-85.
    • (2002) Infection , vol.30 , pp. 81-85
    • Ben-Abraham, R.1    Keller, N.2    Vered, R.3
  • 8
    • 0037162559 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome sequence of a serotype M3 strain of group A streptococcus: phage-encoded toxins, the highvirulence phenotype, and clone emergence
    • Beres SB, Sylva GL, Barbian KD et al. (2002) Genome sequence of a serotype M3 strain of group A streptococcus: phage-encoded toxins, the highvirulence phenotype, and clone emergence. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99, 10078-10083.
    • (2002) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol.99 , pp. 10078-10083
    • Beres, S.B.1    Sylva, G.L.2    Barbian, K.D.3
  • 9
    • 0034691821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid detection of group B streptococci in pregnant women at delivery
    • Bergeron MG, Ke D, Menard C et al. (2000) Rapid detection of group B streptococci in pregnant women at delivery. The New England Journal of Medicine, 343, 175-179.
    • (2000) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.343 , pp. 175-179
    • Bergeron, M.G.1    Ke, D.2    Menard, C.3
  • 10
    • 0033805730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contrasting molecular epidemiology of group A streptococci causing tropical and nontropical infections of the skin and throat
    • Bessen DE, Carapetis JR, Beall B et al. (2000) Contrasting molecular epidemiology of group A streptococci causing tropical and nontropical infections of the skin and throat. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 182, 1109-1116.
    • (2000) The Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.182 , pp. 1109-1116
    • Bessen, D.E.1    Carapetis, J.R.2    Beall, B.3
  • 11
    • 0026423120 scopus 로고
    • Group A streptococcal infections and acute rheumatic fever
    • Bisno AL (1991) Group A streptococcal infections and acute rheumatic fever. The New England Journal of Medicine, 325, 783-793.
    • (1991) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.325 , pp. 783-793
    • Bisno, A.L.1
  • 13
    • 0037100250 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis. Infectious Diseases Society of America
    • Bisno AL, Gerber MA, Gwaltney JM Jr et al. (2002) Practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of group A streptococcal pharyngitis. Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 35, 113-125.
    • (2002) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.35 , pp. 113-125
    • Bisno, A.L.1    Gerber, M.A.2    Gwaltney Jr., J.M.3
  • 14
    • 0034071425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New multi-determinant strategy for a group A streptococcal vaccine designed for the Australian Aboriginal population
    • Brandt ER, Sriprakash KS, Hobb RI et al. (2000) New multi-determinant strategy for a group A streptococcal vaccine designed for the Australian Aboriginal population. Nature Medicine, 6, 455-459.
    • (2000) Nature Medicine , vol.6 , pp. 455-459
    • Brandt, E.R.1    Sriprakash, K.S.2    Hobb, R.I.3
  • 15
    • 0029014867 scopus 로고
    • In vitro and in vivo effects of penicillin and clindamycin on expression of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal capsule
    • Brook I, Gober AE, Leyva F (1995) In vitro and in vivo effects of penicillin and clindamycin on expression of group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal capsule. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 39, 1565-1568.
    • (1995) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.39 , pp. 1565-1568
    • Brook, I.1    Gober, A.E.2    Leyva, F.3
  • 16
    • 14844343689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report. Emerging Infections Program Network: group B Streptococcus, 1997
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention , 25 August 2004
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1999) Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report. Emerging Infections Program Network: group B Streptococcus, 1997. www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/abcs/survreports/gbs97.pdf (25 August 2004).
    • (1999)
  • 17
    • 14844343689 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report. Emerging Infections Program Network: Group B Streptococcus, 2002
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 25 August
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2003) Active Bacterial Core Surveillance (ABCs) Report. Emerging Infections Program Network: Group B Streptococcus, 2002. www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/abcs/survreports/gbs02.pdf (25 August 2004).
    • (2003)
  • 18
    • 42449155232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Report, Emerging Infections Program Network, Group A Streptococcus, 2003
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, Atlanta, GA
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2004a) Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Report, Emerging Infections Program Network, Group A Streptococcus, 2003. CDC, Atlanta, GA.
    • (2004)
  • 19
    • 42449155232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Report, Emerging Infections Program Network, Group B Streptococcus, 2003
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, CDC, Atlanta, GA
    • Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2004b) Active Bacterial Core Surveillance Report, Emerging Infections Program Network, Group B Streptococcus, 2003. CDC, Atlanta, GA.
    • (2004)
  • 20
    • 0033871784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The serotype of type Ia and III group B streptococci is determined by the polymerase gene within the polycistronic capsule operon
    • Chaffin DO, Beres SB, Yim HH, Rubens CE (2000) The serotype of type Ia and III group B streptococci is determined by the polymerase gene within the polycistronic capsule operon. Journal of Bacteriology, 182, 4466-4477.
    • (2000) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.182 , pp. 4466-4477
    • Chaffin, D.O.1    Beres, S.B.2    Yim, H.H.3    Rubens, C.E.4
  • 21
    • 0141960369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rgg coordinates virulence factor synthesis and metabolism in Streptococcus pyogenes
    • Chaussee MS, Somerville GA, Reitzer L, Musser JM (2003) Rgg coordinates virulence factor synthesis and metabolism in Streptococcus pyogenes. Journal of Bacteriology, 185, 6016-6024.
    • (2003) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.185 , pp. 6016-6024
    • Chaussee, M.S.1    Somerville, G.A.2    Reitzer, L.3    Musser, J.M.4
  • 22
    • 0034973583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tetracycline antibiotics: mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance
    • Chopra L, Roberts M (2001) Tetracycline antibiotics: mode of action, applications, molecular biology, and epidemiology of bacterial resistance. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 65, 232-260.
    • (2001) Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews , vol.65 , pp. 232-260
    • Chopra, L.1    Roberts, M.2
  • 23
    • 0026567343 scopus 로고
    • Clonal basis for resurgence of serious Streptococcus pyogenes disease in the 1980s
    • Cleary PP, Kaplan EL, Handley JP et al. (1992) Clonal basis for resurgence of serious Streptococcus pyogenes disease in the 1980s. Lancet, 339, 518-521.
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.339 , pp. 518-521
    • Cleary, P.P.1    Kaplan, E.L.2    Handley, J.P.3
  • 24
    • 0031962770 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recombinational exchanges at the capsular polysaccharide biosynthetic locus lead to frequent serotype changes among natural isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Coffey TJ, Enright MC, Daniels M et al. (1998) Recombinational exchanges at the capsular polysaccharide biosynthetic locus lead to frequent serotype changes among natural isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Molecular Microbiology, 27, 73-83.
    • (1998) Molecular Microbiology , vol.27 , pp. 73-83
    • Coffey, T.J.1    Enright, M.C.2    Daniels, M.3
  • 25
    • 0034680096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing patterns of infectious disease
    • Cohen ML (2000) Changing patterns of infectious disease. Nature, 406, 762-767.
    • (2000) Nature , vol.406 , pp. 762-767
    • Cohen, M.L.1
  • 27
    • 0038782015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extracellular enzymes with immunomodulating activities: variations on a theme in Streptococcus pyogenes
    • Collin M, Olsén A (2003) Extracellular enzymes with immunomodulating activities: variations on a theme in Streptococcus pyogenes. Infection and Immunity, 71, 2983-2992.
    • (2003) Infection and Immunity , vol.71 , pp. 2983-2992
    • Collin, M.1    Olsén, A.2
  • 29
    • 0027327055 scopus 로고
    • The serotypes of Streptococcus pyogenes present in Britain during 1980-1990 and their association with disease
    • Colman G, Tanna A, Efstratiou A, Gaworzewska ET (1993) The serotypes of Streptococcus pyogenes present in Britain during 1980-1990 and their association with disease. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 39, 165-178.
    • (1993) Journal of Medical Microbiology , vol.39 , pp. 165-178
    • Colman, G.1    Tanna, A.2    Efstratiou, A.3    Gaworzewska, E.T.4
  • 30
    • 0023219580 scopus 로고
    • Clinical and bacteriologic observations of a toxic shock-like syndrome due to Streptococcus pyogenes
    • Cone LA, Woodard DR, Schlievert PM, Tomory GS (1987) Clinical and bacteriologic observations of a toxic shock-like syndrome due to Streptococcus pyogenes. The New England Journal of Medicine, 317, 146-149.
    • (1987) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.317 , pp. 146-149
    • Cone, L.A.1    Woodard, D.R.2    Schlievert, P.M.3    Tomory, G.S.4
  • 31
    • 0031902095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance of Streptococcus pyogenes to erythromycin and related antibiotics in Italy. The Italian Surveillance Group for Antimicrobial Resistance
    • Cornaglia G, Ligozzi M, Mazzariol A et al. (1998) Resistance of Streptococcus pyogenes to erythromycin and related antibiotics in Italy. The Italian Surveillance Group for Antimicrobial Resistance. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 27(Suppl. 1), S87-S92.
    • (1998) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.27 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Cornaglia, G.1    Ligozzi, M.2    Mazzariol, A.3
  • 32
    • 0036266507 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular mechanisms of adhesion, colonization, and invasion of group A streptococci
    • Courtney HS, Hasty DL, Dale JB (2002) Molecular mechanisms of adhesion, colonization, and invasion of group A streptococci. Annals of Medicine, 34, 77-87.
    • (2002) Annals of Medicine , vol.34 , pp. 77-87
    • Courtney, H.S.1    Hasty, D.L.2    Dale, J.B.3
  • 33
    • 0015458656 scopus 로고
    • Plasmid-linked tetracycline and erythromycin resistance in group D "streptococcus"
    • Courvalin PM, Carlier C, Chabbert YA (1972) Plasmid-linked tetracycline and erythromycin resistance in group D "streptococcus". Annales de l'Institut Pasteur, 123, 755-759.
    • (1972) Annales de l'Institut Pasteur , vol.123 , pp. 755-759
    • Courvalin, P.M.1    Carlier, C.2    Chabbert, Y.A.3
  • 34
    • 0033939735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pathogenesis of group A streptococcal infections
    • Cunningham MW (2000) Pathogenesis of group A streptococcal infections. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 13, 470-511.
    • (2000) Clinical Microbiology Reviews , vol.13 , pp. 470-511
    • Cunningham, M.W.1
  • 36
    • 0037662906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive group B streptococcal infections in Sweden: incidence, predisposing factors and prognosis
    • Dahl MS, Tessin I, Trollfors B (2003) Invasive group B streptococcal infections in Sweden: incidence, predisposing factors and prognosis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 7, 113-119.
    • (2003) International Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.7 , pp. 113-119
    • Dahl, M.S.1    Tessin, I.2    Trollfors, B.3
  • 38
    • 0041402681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous immunoglobulin G therapy in streptococcal toxic shock syndrome: a European randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Darenberg J, Ihendyane N, Sjolin J et al. (2003) Intravenous immunoglobulin G therapy in streptococcal toxic shock syndrome: a European randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 37, 333-340.
    • (2003) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.37 , pp. 333-340
    • Darenberg, J.1    Ihendyane, N.2    Sjolin, J.3
  • 39
    • 0029778918 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive group A streptococcal infections in Ontario, Canada. Ontario Group A Streptococcal Study Group
    • Davies HD, McGeer A, Schwartz B et al. (1996) Invasive group A streptococcal infections in Ontario, Canada. Ontario Group A Streptococcal Study Group. The New England Journal of Medicine, 335, 547-554.
    • (1996) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.335 , pp. 547-554
    • Davies, H.D.1    McGeer, A.2    Schwartz, B.3
  • 40
    • 0034833850 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population-based active surveillance for neonatal group B streptococcal infections in Alberta, Canada: implications for vaccine formulation
    • Davies HD, Raj S, Adair C et al. (2001) Population-based active surveillance for neonatal group B streptococcal infections in Alberta, Canada: implications for vaccine formulation. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 20, 879-884.
    • (2001) The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , vol.20 , pp. 879-884
    • Davies, H.D.1    Raj, S.2    Adair, C.3
  • 41
    • 0032959178 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-resolution genotyping of Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M1 isolates by fluorescent amplifiedfragment length polymorphism analysis
    • Desai M, Efstratiou A, George R, Stanley J (1999) High-resolution genotyping of Streptococcus pyogenes serotype M1 isolates by fluorescent amplifiedfragment length polymorphism analysis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 37, 1948-1952.
    • (1999) Journal of Clinical Microbiology , vol.37 , pp. 1948-1952
    • Desai, M.1    Efstratiou, A.2    George, R.3    Stanley, J.4
  • 42
    • 0032735184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virulence of Streptococcus canis from canine streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis
    • DeWinter LM, Low DE, Prescott JF (1999) Virulence of Streptococcus canis from canine streptococcal toxic shock syndrome and necrotizing fasciitis. Veterinary Microbiology, 70, 95-110.
    • (1999) Veterinary Microbiology , vol.70 , pp. 95-110
    • DeWinter, L.M.1    Low, D.E.2    Prescott, J.F.3
  • 43
    • 0036891025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Age-related trends in pathogen frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of bloodstream isolates in North America: SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997-2000
    • SENTRY Participants Group
    • Diekema DJ, Pfaller MA, Jones RN, SENTRY Participants Group (2002) Age-related trends in pathogen frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility of bloodstream isolates in North America: SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program, 1997-2000. International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents, 20, 412-418.
    • (2002) International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents , vol.20 , pp. 412-418
    • Diekema, D.J.1    Pfaller, M.A.2    Jones, R.N.3
  • 45
    • 0020700989 scopus 로고
    • The serotyping of hospital strains of streptococci belonging to Lancefield group C and group G
    • Efstratiou A (1983) The serotyping of hospital strains of streptococci belonging to Lancefield group C and group G. The Journal of Hygiene, 90, 71-80.
    • (1983) The Journal of Hygiene , vol.90 , pp. 71-80
    • Efstratiou, A.1
  • 46
    • 0024371795 scopus 로고
    • Outbreaks of human infection caused by pyogenic streptococci of Lancefield groups C and G
    • Efstratiou A (1989) Outbreaks of human infection caused by pyogenic streptococci of Lancefield groups C and G. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 29, 207-219.
    • (1989) Journal of Medical Microbiology , vol.29 , pp. 207-219
    • Efstratiou, A.1
  • 48
  • 49
    • 84889338426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Report on an international quality assurance programme for group A streptococcal characterization. In Streptococci and Streptococcal Diseases: Entering the New Millennium
    • Martin DR, Tagg JR (eds). Auckland, New Zealand: Securacopy
    • Efstratiou A, Facklam RR, Kaplan EL et al. (2000) Report on an international quality assurance programme for group A streptococcal characterization. In Streptococci and Streptococcal Diseases: Entering the New Millennium. Proceedings of the XIV Lancefield International Symposium on Streptococci and Streptococcal Diseases. Martin DR, Tagg JR (eds). Auckland, New Zealand: Securacopy, pp. 797-803.
    • (2000) Proceedings of the XIV Lancefield International Symposium on Streptococci and Streptococcal Diseases , pp. 797-803
    • Efstratiou, A.1    Facklam, R.R.2    Kaplan, E.L.3
  • 50
    • 0024436367 scopus 로고
    • The presence of M proteins in outbreak strains of Streptococcus equisimilis T-type 204
    • Efstratiou A, Teare EL, McGhie D, Colman G (1989) The presence of M proteins in outbreak strains of Streptococcus equisimilis T-type 204. The Journal of Infection, 19, 105-111.
    • (1989) The Journal of Infection , vol.19 , pp. 105-111
    • Efstratiou, A.1    Teare, E.L.2    McGhie, D.3    Colman, G.4
  • 51
    • 0035082969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilocus sequence typing of Streptococcus pyogenes and the relationships between emm type and clone
    • Enright MC, Spratt BG, Kalia A et al. (2001) Multilocus sequence typing of Streptococcus pyogenes and the relationships between emm type and clone. Infection and Immunity, 69, 2416-2427.
    • (2001) Infection and Immunity , vol.69 , pp. 2416-2427
    • Enright, M.C.1    Spratt, B.G.2    Kalia, A.3
  • 52
    • 0032450158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological and clinical aspects of invasive group A streptococcal infections and the streptococcal toxic shock syndrome
    • Eriksson BK, Andersson J, Holm SE, Norgren M (1998) Epidemiological and clinical aspects of invasive group A streptococcal infections and the streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 27, 1428-1436.
    • (1998) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.27 , pp. 1428-1436
    • Eriksson, B.K.1    Andersson, J.2    Holm, S.E.3    Norgren, M.4
  • 53
    • 0036779816 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • What happened to the streptococci: overview of taxonomic and nomenclature changes
    • Facklam R (2002) What happened to the streptococci: overview of taxonomic and nomenclature changes. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 15, 613-630.
    • (2002) Clinical Microbiology Reviews , vol.15 , pp. 613-630
    • Facklam, R.1
  • 54
    • 0036133503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Extension of the Lancefield classification for group A streptococci by addition of 22 new M protein gene sequence types from clinical isolates: emm103 to emm124
    • Facklam RF, Martin DR, Lovgren M et al. (2002) Extension of the Lancefield classification for group A streptococci by addition of 22 new M protein gene sequence types from clinical isolates: emm103 to emm124. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 34, 28-38.
    • (2002) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.34 , pp. 28-38
    • Facklam, R.F.1    Martin, D.R.2    Lovgren, M.3
  • 55
    • 0042626556 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive group A streptococcal disease: risk factors for adults
    • Factor SH, Levine OS, Schwartz B et al. (2003) Invasive group A streptococcal disease: risk factors for adults. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 9, 970-977.
    • (2003) Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol.9 , pp. 970-977
    • Factor, S.H.1    Levine, O.S.2    Schwartz, B.3
  • 56
    • 0027308989 scopus 로고
    • A population-based assessment of invasive disease due to group B streptococcus in nonpregnant adults
    • Farley MM, Harvey RC, Stull T et al. (1993) A population-based assessment of invasive disease due to group B streptococcus in nonpregnant adults. The New England Journal of Medicine, 328, 1807-1811.
    • (1993) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.328 , pp. 1807-1811
    • Farley, M.M.1    Harvey, R.C.2    Stull, T.3
  • 57
    • 0036732832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of macrolide resistance mechanisms among Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from the PROTEKT 1999-2000 study
    • Farrell DJ, Morrissey I, Bakker S, Felmingham D (2002) Molecular characterization of macrolide resistance mechanisms among Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from the PROTEKT 1999-2000 study. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 50(Suppl. S1), 39-47.
    • (2002) The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , vol.50 , Issue.SUPPL. S1 , pp. 39-47
    • Farrell, D.J.1    Morrissey, I.2    Bakker, S.3    Felmingham, D.4
  • 59
    • 0027484505 scopus 로고
    • Investigation of milk-borne Streptococcus zooepidemicus infection associated with glomerulonephritis in Australia
    • Francis AJ, Nimmo GR, Efstratiou A et al. (1993) Investigation of milk-borne Streptococcus zooepidemicus infection associated with glomerulonephritis in Australia. The Journal of Infection, 27, 317-323.
    • (1993) The Journal of Infection , vol.27 , pp. 317-323
    • Francis, A.J.1    Nimmo, G.R.2    Efstratiou, A.3
  • 60
    • 0036701994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharmacoepidemiological analysis of provincial differences between consumption of macrolides and rates of erythromycin resistance among Streptococcus pyogenes isolates in Spain
    • Garcia-Rey C, Aguilar L, Baquero F et al. (2002) Pharmacoepidemiological analysis of provincial differences between consumption of macrolides and rates of erythromycin resistance among Streptococcus pyogenes isolates in Spain. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 40, 2959-2963.
    • (2002) Journal of Clinical Microbiology , vol.40 , pp. 2959-2963
    • Garcia-Rey, C.1    Aguilar, L.2    Baquero, F.3
  • 61
    • 0019405233 scopus 로고
    • Potentiation of opsonization and phagocytosis of Streptococcus pyogenes following growth in the presence of clindamycin
    • Gemmell CG, Peterson PK, Schmeling D et al. (1981) Potentiation of opsonization and phagocytosis of Streptococcus pyogenes following growth in the presence of clindamycin. The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 67, 1249-1256.
    • (1981) The Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol.67 , pp. 1249-1256
    • Gemmell, C.G.1    Peterson, P.K.2    Schmeling, D.3
  • 62
    • 3242754321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid diagnosis of pharyngitis caused by group A streptococci
    • Gerber MA, Shulman ST (2004) Rapid diagnosis of pharyngitis caused by group A streptococci. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 17, 571-580.
    • (2004) Clinical Microbiology Reviews , vol.17 , pp. 571-580
    • Gerber, M.A.1    Shulman, S.T.2
  • 63
    • 0032818229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Phenotypes and genotypes of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes strains in Italy and heterogeneity of inducibly resistant strains
    • Giovanetti E, Montanari MP, Mingoia M, Varaldo PE (1999) Phenotypes and genotypes of erythromycin-resistant Streptococcus pyogenes strains in Italy and heterogeneity of inducibly resistant strains. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 43, 1935-1940.
    • (1999) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.43 , pp. 1935-1940
    • Giovanetti, E.1    Montanari, M.P.2    Mingoia, M.3    Varaldo, P.E.4
  • 64
    • 18644378733 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome sequence of Streptococcus agalactiae, a pathogen causing invasive neonatal disease
    • Glaser P, Rusniok C, Buchrieser C et al. (2002) Genome sequence of Streptococcus agalactiae, a pathogen causing invasive neonatal disease. Molecular Microbiology, 45, 1499-1513.
    • (2002) Molecular Microbiology , vol.45 , pp. 1499-1513
    • Glaser, P.1    Rusniok, C.2    Buchrieser, C.3
  • 65
    • 0036094575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of beta-hemolytic and viridans group streptococci: report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1997-2000)
    • Gordon KA, Beach ML, Biedenbach DJ et al. (2002) Antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of beta-hemolytic and viridans group streptococci: report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (1997-2000). Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease, 43, 157-162.
    • (2002) Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease , vol.43 , pp. 157-162
    • Gordon, K.A.1    Beach, M.L.2    Biedenbach, D.J.3
  • 66
    • 0037108912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virulence control in group A streptococcus by a two-component gene regulatory system: global expression profiling and in vivo infection modeling
    • Graham MR, Smoot LM, Migliaccio CA et al. (2002) Virulence control in group A streptococcus by a two-component gene regulatory system: global expression profiling and in vivo infection modeling. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99, 13855-13860.
    • (2002) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol.99 , pp. 13855-13860
    • Graham, M.R.1    Smoot, L.M.2    Migliaccio, C.A.3
  • 67
    • 0001297201 scopus 로고
    • The serological classification of Streptococcus pyogenes
    • Griffith F (1934) The serological classification of Streptococcus pyogenes. The Journal of Hygiene, 34, 542-584.
    • (1934) The Journal of Hygiene , vol.34 , pp. 542-584
    • Griffith, F.1
  • 68
    • 0033864749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular evidence for antigen-driven immune responses in cardiac lesions of rheumatic heart disease patients
    • Guilherme L, Dulphy N, Douay C et al. (2000) Molecular evidence for antigen-driven immune responses in cardiac lesions of rheumatic heart disease patients. International Immunology, 12, 1063-1074.
    • (2000) International Immunology , vol.12 , pp. 1063-1074
    • Guilherme, L.1    Dulphy, N.2    Douay, C.3
  • 69
    • 0000928855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pharyngitis. In Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles & Practice of Infectious Diseases
    • 5th edition Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R (eds), New York: Churchill Livingstone
    • Gwaltney JM, Bisno AL (2000) Pharyngitis. In Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles & Practice of Infectious Diseases, 5th edition. Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R (eds). New York: Churchill Livingstone, vol. 1, pp. 656-662.
    • (2000) , vol.1 , pp. 656-662
    • Gwaltney, J.M.1    Bisno, A.L.2
  • 71
    • 9144228036 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Group B streptococcal disease in UK and Irish infants younger than 90 days
    • Heath PT, Balfour G, Weisner AM et al. (2004) Group B streptococcal disease in UK and Irish infants younger than 90 days. Lancet, 363, 292-294.
    • (2004) Lancet , vol.363 , pp. 292-294
    • Heath, P.T.1    Balfour, G.2    Weisner, A.M.3
  • 72
    • 0035257121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical concept and results in necrotizing fasciitis
    • Heitmann C, Pelzer M, Bickert B et al. (2001) [Surgical concept and results in necrotizing fasciitis]. Chirurg, 72, 168-173.
    • (2001) Chirurg , vol.72 , pp. 168-173
    • Heitmann, C.1    Pelzer, M.2    Bickert, B.3
  • 74
    • 0036694930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical presentation and outcome of bacteraemia caused by beta-haemolytic streptococci serogroup G
    • Hindsholm M, Schonheyder HC (2002) Clinical presentation and outcome of bacteraemia caused by beta-haemolytic streptococci serogroup G. APMIS, 110, 554-558.
    • (2002) APMIS , vol.110 , pp. 554-558
    • Hindsholm, M.1    Schonheyder, H.C.2
  • 75
    • 0030806064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toxic shock-like syndrome caused by non-group A beta-hemolytic streptococci
    • Hirose Y, Yagi K, Honda H et al. (1997) Toxic shock-like syndrome caused by non-group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Archives of Internal Medicine, 157, 1891-1894.
    • (1997) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.157 , pp. 1891-1894
    • Hirose, Y.1    Yagi, K.2    Honda, H.3
  • 77
    • 0033974746 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of recurrent tonsillopharyngitis
    • topic T1
    • Holm SE (2000) Treatment of recurrent tonsillopharyngitis. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 45(Suppl.), 31-35 [topic T1].
    • (2000) The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , vol.45 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 31-35
    • Holm, S.E.1
  • 78
    • 84889406443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Candidaemia and polymicrobial bacteraemias: England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, 2002
    • HPA, p. Bacteraemia, 25 August
    • HPA (2003a) Candidaemia and polymicrobial bacteraemias: England, Wales, and Northern Ireland, 2002. CDR Weekly, 13(42), p. Bacteraemia. www.hpa.org.uk/cdr/PDFfiles/2003/cdr4203.pdf (25 August 2004).
    • (2003) CDR Weekly , vol.13 , Issue.42
  • 79
    • 84889293998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyogenic and non-pyogenic streptococcal bacteraemias, England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: 2002
    • HPA, 25 August
    • HPA (2003b) Pyogenic and non-pyogenic streptococcal bacteraemias, England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: 2002. CDR Weekly, 13(16). www.hpa.org.uk/cdr/PDFfiles/2003/1603strep.pdf (25 August 2004).
    • (2003) CDR Weekly , vol.13 , Issue.16
  • 80
    • 84889415898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statutory Notifications of Infectious Diseases (NOIDs)-Annual Totals 1991 to 2003-England and Wales
    • HPA, 25 August 2004
    • HPA (2004a) Statutory Notifications of Infectious Diseases (NOIDs)-Annual Totals 1991 to 2003-England and Wales. Health Protection Agency. www.hpa.org.uk/infections/topics_az/noids/annualtab.htm (25 August 2004).
    • (2004) Health Protection Agency
  • 81
    • 84889299921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laboratory reports of bacteraemias, England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: 2002 and 2003
    • HPA, 25 August 2004
    • HPA (2004b) Laboratory reports of bacteraemias, England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: 2002 and 2003. CDR Weekly, 14(3). www.hpa.org.uk/cdr/archives/archive04/bacteraemia04.htm#bact_02/03 (25 August 2004).
    • (2004) CDR Weekly , vol.14 , Issue.3
  • 82
    • 85030793716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pyogenic and non-pyogenic streptococcal bacteraemias, England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: 2003
    • HPA , 25 August 2004
    • HPA (2004c) Pyogenic and non-pyogenic streptococcal bacteraemias, England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: 2003. CDR Weekly, 14(16). www.hpa.org.uk/cdr/PDFfiles/2004/bact_1604.pdf (25 August 2004).
    • (2004) CDR Weekly , vol.14 , Issue.16
  • 83
    • 0031978939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive group A streptococcal disease in Taiwan is not associated with the presence of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin genes
    • Hsueh PR, Wu JJ, Tsai PJ et al. (1998) Invasive group A streptococcal disease in Taiwan is not associated with the presence of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin genes. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 26, 584-589.
    • (1998) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.26 , pp. 584-589
    • Hsueh, P.R.1    Wu, J.J.2    Tsai, P.J.3
  • 84
    • 0036176205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification of major outer surface proteins of Streptococcus agalactiae
    • Hughes MJ, Moore JC, Lane JD et al. (2002) Identification of major outer surface proteins of Streptococcus agalactiae. Infection and Immunity, 70, 1254-1259.
    • (2002) Infection and Immunity , vol.70 , pp. 1254-1259
    • Hughes, M.J.1    Moore, J.C.2    Lane, J.D.3
  • 85
    • 10744232458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surveillance of severe invasive group-G streptococcal infections and molecular typing of the isolates in Japan
    • Ikebe T, Murayama S, Saitoh K et al. (2004) Surveillance of severe invasive group-G streptococcal infections and molecular typing of the isolates in Japan. Epidemiology and Infection, 132, 145-149.
    • (2004) Epidemiology and Infection , vol.132 , pp. 145-149
    • Ikebe, T.1    Murayama, S.2    Saitoh, K.3
  • 86
    • 0032412103 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of M49, Mrp, Enn, and C5a peptidase proteins on colonization of the mouse oral mucosa by Streptococcus pyogenes
    • Ji Y, Schnitzler N, DeMaster E, Cleary P (1998) Impact of M49, Mrp, Enn, and C5a peptidase proteins on colonization of the mouse oral mucosa by Streptococcus pyogenes. Infection and Immunity, 66, 5399-6405.
    • (1998) Infection and Immunity , vol.66 , pp. 5399-6405
    • Ji, Y.1    Schnitzler, N.2    DeMaster, E.3    Cleary, P.4
  • 87
    • 0027212074 scopus 로고
    • A review of the correlation of T-agglutination patterns and M-protein typing and opacity factor production in the identification of group A streptococci
    • Johnson DR, Kaplan EL (1993) A review of the correlation of T-agglutination patterns and M-protein typing and opacity factor production in the identification of group A streptococci. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 38, 311-315.
    • (1993) Journal of Medical Microbiology , vol.38 , pp. 311-315
    • Johnson, D.R.1    Kaplan, E.L.2
  • 89
    • 0037469567 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presence of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A and C genes in human isolates of group G streptococci
    • Kalia A, Bessen DE (2003) Presence of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin A and C genes in human isolates of group G streptococci. FEMS Microbiology Letters, 219, 291-295.
    • (2003) FEMS Microbiology Letters , vol.219 , pp. 291-295
    • Kalia, A.1    Bessen, D.E.2
  • 90
    • 0034915769 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directional gene movement from human-pathogenic to commensal-like streptococci
    • Kalia A, Enright MC, Spratt BG, Bessen DE (2001) Directional gene movement from human-pathogenic to commensal-like streptococci. Infection and Immunity, 69, 4858-4869.
    • (2001) Infection and Immunity , vol.69 , pp. 4858-4869
    • Kalia, A.1    Enright, M.C.2    Spratt, B.G.3    Bessen, D.E.4
  • 92
    • 0034765377 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unexplained reduced microbiological efficacy of intramuscular benzathine penicillin G and of oral penicillin V in eradication of group A streptococci from children with acute pharyngitis
    • Kaplan EL, Johnson DR (2001) Unexplained reduced microbiological efficacy of intramuscular benzathine penicillin G and of oral penicillin V in eradication of group A streptococci from children with acute pharyngitis. Pediatrics, 108, 1180-1186.
    • (2001) Pediatrics , vol.108 , pp. 1180-1186
    • Kaplan, E.L.1    Johnson, D.R.2
  • 93
    • 0035922708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic epidemiology of group A streptococcal serotypes associated with pharyngitis
    • Kaplan EL, Wotton JT, Johnson DR (2001) Dynamic epidemiology of group A streptococcal serotypes associated with pharyngitis. Lancet, 358, 1334-1337.
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.358 , pp. 1334-1337
    • Kaplan, E.L.1    Wotton, J.T.2    Johnson, D.R.3
  • 94
    • 0033745081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythromycin resistance genes in group A streptococci of different geographical origins. The Macrolide Resistance Study Group
    • Kataja J, Huovinen P, Seppala H (2000) Erythromycin resistance genes in group A streptococci of different geographical origins. The Macrolide Resistance Study Group. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 46, 789-792.
    • (2000) The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , vol.46 , pp. 789-792
    • Kataja, J.1    Huovinen, P.2    Seppala, H.3
  • 95
    • 0026530698 scopus 로고
    • Severe streptococcal infections in historical perspective
    • Katz AR, Morens DM (1992) Severe streptococcal infections in historical perspective. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 14, 298-307.
    • (1992) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.14 , pp. 298-307
    • Katz, A.R.1    Morens, D.M.2
  • 96
    • 0030786631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population-based surveillance for group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis: clinical features, prognostic indicators, and microbiologic analysis of seventy-seven cases. Ontario Group A Streptococcal Study
    • Kaul R, McGeer A, Low DE et al. (1997) Population-based surveillance for group A streptococcal necrotizing fasciitis: clinical features, prognostic indicators, and microbiologic analysis of seventy-seven cases. Ontario Group A Streptococcal Study. The American Journal of Medicine, 103, 18-24.
    • (1997) The American Journal of Medicine , vol.103 , pp. 18-24
    • Kaul, R.1    McGeer, A.2    Low, D.E.3
  • 97
    • 0032924155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for streptococcal toxic shock syndrome-a comparative observational study. The Canadian Streptococcal Study Group
    • Kaul R, McGeer A, Norrby-Teglund A et al. (1999) Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy for streptococcal toxic shock syndrome-a comparative observational study. The Canadian Streptococcal Study Group. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 28, 800-807.
    • (1999) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.28 , pp. 800-807
    • Kaul, R.1    McGeer, A.2    Norrby-Teglund, A.3
  • 98
    • 0028924690 scopus 로고
    • Determination of 16S rRNA sequences of Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus gordonii and phylogenetic relationships among members of the genus Streptococcus
    • Kawamura Y, Hou XG, Sultana F et al. (1995) Determination of 16S rRNA sequences of Streptococcus mitis and Streptococcus gordonii and phylogenetic relationships among members of the genus Streptococcus. International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology, 45, 406-408.
    • (1995) International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology , vol.45 , pp. 406-408
    • Kawamura, Y.1    Hou, X.G.2    Sultana, F.3
  • 99
    • 0242668868 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a genotyping system for Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus): use of mobile genetic elements in Australasian invasive isolates
    • Kong F, Martin D, James G, Gilbert GL (2003) Towards a genotyping system for Streptococcus agalactiae (group B streptococcus): use of mobile genetic elements in Australasian invasive isolates. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 52, 337-344.
    • (2003) Journal of Medical Microbiology , vol.52 , pp. 337-344
    • Kong, F.1    Martin, D.2    James, G.3    Gilbert, G.L.4
  • 100
    • 3843094971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant multivalent group A streptococcal vaccine in healthy adults: phase 1 trial
    • Kotloff KL, Corretti M, Palmer K et al. (2004) Safety and immunogenicity of a recombinant multivalent group A streptococcal vaccine in healthy adults: phase 1 trial. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 292, 709-715.
    • (2004) The Journal of the American Medical Association , vol.292 , pp. 709-715
    • Kotloff, K.L.1    Corretti, M.2    Palmer, K.3
  • 101
    • 0036721135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antistreptococcal activity of telithromycin compared with seven other drugs in relation to macrolide resistance mechanisms in Russia
    • Kozlov RS, Bogdanovitch TM, Appelbaum PC et al. (2002) Antistreptococcal activity of telithromycin compared with seven other drugs in relation to macrolide resistance mechanisms in Russia. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 46, 2963-2968.
    • (2002) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.46 , pp. 2963-2968
    • Kozlov, R.S.1    Bogdanovitch, T.M.2    Appelbaum, P.C.3
  • 102
    • 0037674820 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Virulence factor regulation and regulatory networks in Streptococcus pyogenes and their impact on pathogen-host interactions
    • Kreikemeyer B, McIver KS, Podbielski A (2003) Virulence factor regulation and regulatory networks in Streptococcus pyogenes and their impact on pathogen-host interactions. Trends in Microbiology, 11, 224-232.
    • (2003) Trends in Microbiology , vol.11 , pp. 224-232
    • Kreikemeyer, B.1    McIver, K.S.2    Podbielski, A.3
  • 103
    • 0029004154 scopus 로고
    • A 13-year survey of bacteraemia due to beta-haemolytic streptococci in a Danish county
    • Kristensen B, Schonheyder HC (1995) A 13-year survey of bacteraemia due to beta-haemolytic streptococci in a Danish county. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 43, 63-67.
    • (1995) Journal of Medical Microbiology , vol.43 , pp. 63-67
    • Kristensen, B.1    Schonheyder, H.C.2
  • 104
    • 84889268460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Results from the first six months of enhanced surveillance of severe Streptococcus pyogenes disease in England and Wales
    • 14th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic, 1-4 May 2004 abstract O199
    • Lamagni TL, Neal S, Alhaddad N, Efstratiou A (2004) Results from the first six months of enhanced surveillance of severe Streptococcus pyogenes disease in England and Wales. 14th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic, 1-4 May 2004. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 10(Suppl. 3), 1-86 [abstract O199].
    • (2004) Clinical Microbiology and Infection , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 1-86
    • Lamagni, T.L.1    Neal, S.2    Alhaddad, N.3    Efstratiou, A.4
  • 105
    • 0029561245 scopus 로고
    • Clinical usefulness of intravenous human immunoglobulins in invasive group A streptococcal infections: case report and review
    • Lamothe F, D'Amico P, Ghosn P et al. (1995) Clinical usefulness of intravenous human immunoglobulins in invasive group A streptococcal infections: case report and review. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 21, 1469-1470.
    • (1995) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.21 , pp. 1469-1470
    • Lamothe, F.1    D'Amico, P.2    Ghosn, P.3
  • 106
    • 0001197006 scopus 로고
    • Current knowledge of type specific M antigen of group A streptococci
    • Lancefield RC (1962) Current knowledge of type specific M antigen of group A streptococci. Journal of Immunology, 89, 307-313.
    • (1962) Journal of Immunology , vol.89 , pp. 307-313
    • Lancefield, R.C.1
  • 107
    • 0035693961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Group B streptococcal bacteremia in nonpregnant adults at a community teaching hospital
    • Larppanichpoonphol P, Watanakunakorn C (2001) Group B streptococcal bacteremia in nonpregnant adults at a community teaching hospital. Southern Medical Journal, 94, 1206-1211.
    • (2001) Southern Medical Journal , vol.94 , pp. 1206-1211
    • Larppanichpoonphol, P.1    Watanakunakorn, C.2
  • 108
    • 0018772791 scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic studies among Amerindian populations of Amazonia. I. Pyoderma: prevalence and associated pathogens
    • Lawrence DN, Facklam RR, Sottnek FO et al. (1979) Epidemiologic studies among Amerindian populations of Amazonia. I. Pyoderma: prevalence and associated pathogens. The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 28, 548-558.
    • (1979) The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene , vol.28 , pp. 548-558
    • Lawrence, D.N.1    Facklam, R.R.2    Sottnek, F.O.3
  • 109
    • 0025122091 scopus 로고
    • Presence of chromosomal elements resembling the composite structure Tn3701 in streptococci
    • Le Bouguenec C, de Cespedes G, Horaud T (1990) Presence of chromosomal elements resembling the composite structure Tn3701 in streptococci. Journal of Bacteriology, 172, 727-734.
    • (1990) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.172 , pp. 727-734
    • Le Bouguenec, C.1    De Cespedes, G.2    Horaud, T.3
  • 110
    • 0037083024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanisms of resistance to macrolides and lincosamides: nature of the resistance elements and their clinical implications
    • Leclercq R (2002) Mechanisms of resistance to macrolides and lincosamides: nature of the resistance elements and their clinical implications. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 34, 482-492.
    • (2002) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.34 , pp. 482-492
    • Leclercq, R.1
  • 112
    • 0033059668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial vaccines and serotype replacement: lessons from Haemophilus influenzae and prospects for Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Lipsitch M (1999) Bacterial vaccines and serotype replacement: lessons from Haemophilus influenzae and prospects for Streptococcus pneumoniae. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 5, 336-345.
    • (1999) Emerging Infectious Diseases , vol.5 , pp. 336-345
    • Lipsitch, M.1
  • 113
    • 0036234708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superantigens: microbial agents that corrupt immunity
    • Llewelyn M, Cohen J (2002) Superantigens: microbial agents that corrupt immunity. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 2, 156-162.
    • (2002) The Lancet Infectious Diseases , vol.2 , pp. 156-162
    • Llewelyn, M.1    Cohen, J.2
  • 114
    • 0034441340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Identification and characterization of the scl gene encoding a group A streptococcus extracellular protein virulence factor with similarity to human collagen
    • Lukomski S, Nakashima K, Abdi I et al. (2000) Identification and characterization of the scl gene encoding a group A streptococcus extracellular protein virulence factor with similarity to human collagen. Infection and Immunity, 68, 6542-6553.
    • (2000) Infection and Immunity , vol.68 , pp. 6542-6553
    • Lukomski, S.1    Nakashima, K.2    Abdi, I.3
  • 115
    • 0037339006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High burden of invasive Streptococcus agalactiae disease in South African infants
    • Madhi SA, Radebe K, Crewe-Brown H et al. (2003) High burden of invasive Streptococcus agalactiae disease in South African infants. Annals of Tropical Paediatrics, 23, 15-23.
    • (2003) Annals of Tropical Paediatrics , vol.23 , pp. 15-23
    • Madhi, S.A.1    Radebe, K.2    Crewe-Brown, H.3
  • 116
    • 0026668901 scopus 로고
    • Acute rheumatic fever and the evolution of rheumatic heart disease: a prospective 12 year follow-up report
    • Majeed HA, Batnager S, Yousof AM et al. (1992) Acute rheumatic fever and the evolution of rheumatic heart disease: a prospective 12 year follow-up report. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 45, 871-875.
    • (1992) Journal of Clinical Epidemiology , vol.45 , pp. 871-875
    • Majeed, H.A.1    Batnager, S.2    Yousof, A.M.3
  • 117
    • 0026688561 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of C3 deposition by capsular polysaccharide is a virulence mechanism of type III group B streptococci
    • Marques MB, Kasper DL, Pangburn MK, Wessels MR (1992) Prevention of C3 deposition by capsular polysaccharide is a virulence mechanism of type III group B streptococci. Infection and Immunity, 60, 3986-3993.
    • (1992) Infection and Immunity , vol.60 , pp. 3986-3993
    • Marques, M.B.1    Kasper, D.L.2    Pangburn, M.K.3    Wessels, M.R.4
  • 119
    • 0037442499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intrahost sequence variation in the streptococcal inhibitor of complement gene in patients with human pharyngitis
    • Matsumoto M, Hoe NP, Liu M et al. (2003) Intrahost sequence variation in the streptococcal inhibitor of complement gene in patients with human pharyngitis. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 187, 604-612.
    • (2003) The Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.187 , pp. 604-612
    • Matsumoto, M.1    Hoe, N.P.2    Liu, M.3
  • 120
    • 3042662429 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilocus sequence typing of Streptococcus pyogenes representing most known emm types and distinctions among subpopulation genetic structures
    • McGregor KF, Spratt BG, Kalia A et al. (2004) Multilocus sequence typing of Streptococcus pyogenes representing most known emm types and distinctions among subpopulation genetic structures. Journal of Bacteriology, 186, 4285-4294.
    • (2004) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.186 , pp. 4285-4294
    • McGregor, K.F.1    Spratt, B.G.2    Kalia, A.3
  • 121
    • 0033869623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perineal group A streptococcal disease in a pediatric practice
    • Mogielnicki NP, Schwartzman JD, Elliott JA (2000) Perineal group A streptococcal disease in a pediatric practice. Pediatrics, 106, 276-281.
    • (2000) Pediatrics , vol.106 , pp. 276-281
    • Mogielnicki, N.P.1    Schwartzman, J.D.2    Elliott, J.A.3
  • 122
    • 0027390130 scopus 로고
    • Geographic and temporal distribution and molecular characterization of two highly pathogenic clones of Streptococcus pyogenes expressing allelic variants of pyrogenic exotoxin A (scarlet fever toxin)
    • Musser JM, Kapur V, Kanjilal S et al. (1993) Geographic and temporal distribution and molecular characterization of two highly pathogenic clones of Streptococcus pyogenes expressing allelic variants of pyrogenic exotoxin A (scarlet fever toxin). The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 167, 337-346.
    • (1993) The Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.167 , pp. 337-346
    • Musser, J.M.1    Kapur, V.2    Kanjilal, S.3
  • 123
    • 0038480005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome sequence of an M3 strain of Streptococcus pyogenes reveals a large-scale genomic rearrangement in invasive strains and new insights into phage evolution
    • Nakagawa I, Kurokawa K, Yamashita A et al. (2003) Genome sequence of an M3 strain of Streptococcus pyogenes reveals a large-scale genomic rearrangement in invasive strains and new insights into phage evolution. Genome Research, 13, 1042-1055.
    • (2003) Genome Research , vol.13 , pp. 1042-1055
    • Nakagawa, I.1    Kurokawa, K.2    Yamashita, A.3
  • 125
    • 0036966408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Streptococcal β-hemolysins: genetics and role in disease pathogenesis
    • Nizet V (2002) Streptococcal β-hemolysins: genetics and role in disease pathogenesis. Trends in Microbiology, 10, 575-580.
    • (2002) Trends in Microbiology , vol.10 , pp. 575-580
    • Nizet, V.1
  • 126
    • 0030584899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma from patients with severe invasive group A streptococcal infections treated with normal polyspecific IgG inhibits streptococcal superantigen-induced T cell proliferation and cytokine production
    • Norrby-Teglund A, Kaul R, Low DE et al. (1996) Plasma from patients with severe invasive group A streptococcal infections treated with normal polyspecific IgG inhibits streptococcal superantigen-induced T cell proliferation and cytokine production. Journal of Immunology, 156, 3057-3064.
    • (1996) Journal of Immunology , vol.156 , pp. 3057-3064
    • Norrby-Teglund, A.1    Kaul, R.2    Low, D.E.3
  • 127
    • 0036680109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of invasive group A streptococcus disease in the United States, 1995-1999
    • O'Brien KL, Beall B, Barrett NL et al. (2002) Epidemiology of invasive group A streptococcus disease in the United States, 1995-1999. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 35, 268-276.
    • (2002) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.35 , pp. 268-276
    • O'Brien, K.L.1    Beall, B.2    Barrett, N.L.3
  • 128
    • 0033950347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rheumatic fever-is it still a problem?
    • topic T1
    • Olivier C (2000) Rheumatic fever-is it still a problem? The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 45(Suppl.), 13-21 [topic T1].
    • (2000) The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , vol.45 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 13-21
    • Olivier, C.1
  • 129
    • 0042335951 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glycoconjugate vaccines to prevent group B streptococcal infections
    • Paoletti LC, Kasper DL (2003) Glycoconjugate vaccines to prevent group B streptococcal infections. Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy, 3, 975-984.
    • (2003) Expert Opinion on Biological Therapy , vol.3 , pp. 975-984
    • Paoletti, L.C.1    Kasper, D.L.2
  • 130
    • 0035190363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial susceptibilities of 1,684 Streptococcus pneumoniae and 2,039 Streptococcus pyogenes isolates and their ecological relationships: results of a 1-year (1998-1999) multicenter surveillance study in Spain
    • Perez-Trallero E, Fernandez-Mazarrasa C, Garcia-Rey C et al. (2001) Antimicrobial susceptibilities of 1,684 Streptococcus pneumoniae and 2,039 Streptococcus pyogenes isolates and their ecological relationships: results of a 1-year (1998-1999) multicenter surveillance study in Spain. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 45, 3334-3340.
    • (2001) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.45 , pp. 3334-3340
    • Perez-Trallero, E.1    Fernandez-Mazarrasa, C.2    Garcia-Rey, C.3
  • 131
    • 0030055805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M-related protein (Mrp) contributes to group A streptococcal resistance to phagocytosis by human granulocytes
    • Podbielski A, Schnitzler N, Beyhs P, Boyle MD (1996) M-related protein (Mrp) contributes to group A streptococcal resistance to phagocytosis by human granulocytes. Molecular Microbiology, 19, 429-441.
    • (1996) Molecular Microbiology , vol.19 , pp. 429-441
    • Podbielski, A.1    Schnitzler, N.2    Beyhs, P.3    Boyle, M.D.4
  • 133
    • 0027981526 scopus 로고
    • Identification of T cell autoepitopes that cross-react with the C-terminal segment of the M protein of group A streptococci
    • Pruksakorn S, Currie B, Brandt E et al. (1994) Identification of T cell autoepitopes that cross-react with the C-terminal segment of the M protein of group A streptococci. International Immunology, 6, 1235-1244.
    • (1994) International Immunology , vol.6 , pp. 1235-1244
    • Pruksakorn, S.1    Currie, B.2    Brandt, E.3
  • 134
    • 0033793665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • SclA, a novel collagen-like surface protein of Streptococcus pyogenes
    • Rasmussen M, Eden A, Bjorck L (2000) SclA, a novel collagen-like surface protein of Streptococcus pyogenes. Infection and Immunity, 68, 6370-6377.
    • (2000) Infection and Immunity , vol.68 , pp. 6370-6377
    • Rasmussen, M.1    Eden, A.2    Bjorck, L.3
  • 135
    • 0040370656 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Protein GRAB of Streptococcus pyogenes regulates proteolysis at the bacterial surface by binding alpha2-macroglobulin
    • Rasmussen M, Muller HP, Bjorck L (1999) Protein GRAB of Streptococcus pyogenes regulates proteolysis at the bacterial surface by binding alpha2-macroglobulin. The Journal of Biological Chemistry, 274, 15336-15344.
    • (1999) The Journal of Biological Chemistry , vol.274 , pp. 15336-15344
    • Rasmussen, M.1    Muller, H.P.2    Bjorck, L.3
  • 136
    • 0036842087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Postgenomic analysis of four novel antigens of group A streptococcus: growth phase-dependent gene transcription and human serologic response
    • Reid SD, Green NM, Sylva GL et al. (2002) Postgenomic analysis of four novel antigens of group A streptococcus: growth phase-dependent gene transcription and human serologic response. Journal of Bacteriology, 184, 6316-6324.
    • (2002) Journal of Bacteriology , vol.184 , pp. 6316-6324
    • Reid, S.D.1    Green, N.M.2    Sylva, G.L.3
  • 137
    • 10744223970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of an extracellular virulence factor made by group A streptococcus with homology to the Listeria monocytogenes internalin family of proteins
    • Reid SD, Montgomery AG, Voyich JM et al. (2003) Characterization of an extracellular virulence factor made by group A streptococcus with homology to the Listeria monocytogenes internalin family of proteins. Infection and Immunity, 71, 7043-7052.
    • (2003) Infection and Immunity , vol.71 , pp. 7043-7052
    • Reid, S.D.1    Montgomery, A.G.2    Voyich, J.M.3
  • 138
    • 0027499125 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a conserved helper-T-cell epitope from group A streptococcal M proteins
    • Robinson JH, Case MC, Kehoe MA (1993) Characterization of a conserved helper-T-cell epitope from group A streptococcal M proteins. Infection and Immunity, 61, 1062-1068.
    • (1993) Infection and Immunity , vol.61 , pp. 1062-1068
    • Robinson, J.H.1    Case, M.C.2    Kehoe, M.A.3
  • 139
    • 84889334905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • General practitioner workload
    • Royal College of General Practitioners
    • Royal College of General Practitioners (1999) General practitioner workload. RCGP Information Sheet 3, 1-2.
    • (1999) RCGP Information Sheet , vol.3 , pp. 1-2
  • 140
    • 0037063971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Superantigen-like gene(s) in human pathogenic Streptococcus dysgalactiae, subsp. equisimilis: genomic localisation of the gene encoding streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin G (speG(dys))
    • Sachse S, Seidel P, Gerlach D et al. (2002) Superantigen-like gene(s) in human pathogenic Streptococcus dysgalactiae, subsp. equisimilis: genomic localisation of the gene encoding streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin G (speG(dys)). FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology, 34, 159-167.
    • (2002) FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology , vol.34 , pp. 159-167
    • Sachse, S.1    Seidel, P.2    Gerlach, D.3
  • 141
    • 4243622902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European surveillance of severe group A streptococcal disease
    • 25 August
    • Schalén C (2002) European surveillance of severe group A streptococcal disease. Eurosurveillance Weekly, 6(35), 1-4. www.eurosurveillance.org/ew/2002/020829.asp (25 August 2004).
    • (2002) Eurosurveillance Weekly , vol.6 , Issue.35 , pp. 1-4
    • Schalén, C.1
  • 142
    • 0037118991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease. Revised guidelines from CDC
    • Recommendations and Reports/Centers for Disease Control
    • Schrag S, Gorwitz R, Fultz-Butts K, Schuchat A (2002) Prevention of perinatal group B streptococcal disease. Revised guidelines from CDC. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Recommendations and Reports/Centers for Disease Control, 51(RR-11), 1-22.
    • (2002) Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report , vol.51 , Issue.RR11 , pp. 1-22
    • Schrag, S.1    Gorwitz, R.2    Fultz-Butts, K.3    Schuchat, A.4
  • 143
    • 0034610804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Group B streptococcal disease in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis
    • Schrag SJ, Zywicki S, Farley MM et al. (2000) Group B streptococcal disease in the era of intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. The New England Journal of Medicine, 342, 15-20.
    • (2000) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.342 , pp. 15-20
    • Schrag, S.J.1    Zywicki, S.2    Farley, M.M.3
  • 144
    • 0033514078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Group B streptococcus
    • Schuchat A (1999) Group B streptococcus. Lancet, 353, 51-56.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 51-56
    • Schuchat, A.1
  • 145
    • 0034121920 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between asymptomatic carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes and the ability of the strains to adhere to and be internalised by cultured epithelial cells
    • Sela S, Neeman R, Keller N, Barzilai A (2000) Relationship between asymptomatic carriage of Streptococcus pyogenes and the ability of the strains to adhere to and be internalised by cultured epithelial cells. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 49, 499-502.
    • (2000) Journal of Medical Microbiology , vol.49 , pp. 499-502
    • Sela, S.1    Neeman, R.2    Keller, N.3    Barzilai, A.4
  • 151
    • 0028269110 scopus 로고
    • Lymphokine production induced by streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin-A is selectively down-regulated by pooled human IgG
    • Skansen-Saphir U, Andersson J, Bjork L, Andersson U (1994) Lymphokine production induced by streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin-A is selectively down-regulated by pooled human IgG. European Journal of Immunology, 24, 916-922.
    • (1994) European Journal of Immunology , vol.24 , pp. 916-922
    • Skansen-Saphir, U.1    Andersson, J.2    Bjork, L.3    Andersson, U.4
  • 152
    • 0037007095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genome sequence and comparative microarray analysis of serotype M18 group A streptococcus strains associated with acute rheumatic fever outbreaks
    • Smoot JC, Barbian KD, Van Gompel JJ et al. (2002) Genome sequence and comparative microarray analysis of serotype M18 group A streptococcus strains associated with acute rheumatic fever outbreaks. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 99, 4668-4673.
    • (2002) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America , vol.99 , pp. 4668-4673
    • Smoot, J.C.1    Barbian, K.D.2    Van Gompel, J.J.3
  • 154
    • 0037782202 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Post-streptococcal autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system
    • Snider LA, Swedo SE (2003) Post-streptococcal autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system. Current Opinion in Neurology, 16, 359-365.
    • (2003) Current Opinion in Neurology , vol.16 , pp. 359-365
    • Snider, L.A.1    Swedo, S.E.2
  • 155
    • 0030798267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of clindamycin and ampicillin on superantigenic activity of Streptococcus pyogenes
    • Sriskandan S, McKee A, Hall L, Cohen J (1997) Comparative effects of clindamycin and ampicillin on superantigenic activity of Streptococcus pyogenes. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 40, 275-277.
    • (1997) The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , vol.40 , pp. 275-277
    • Sriskandan, S.1    McKee, A.2    Hall, L.3    Cohen, J.4
  • 156
    • 0021263059 scopus 로고
    • Early recognition of potentially fatal necrotizing fasciitis. The use of frozen-section biopsy
    • Stamenkovic I, Lew PD (1984) Early recognition of potentially fatal necrotizing fasciitis. The use of frozen-section biopsy. The New England Journal of Medicine, 310, 1689-1693.
    • (1984) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.310 , pp. 1689-1693
    • Stamenkovic, I.1    Lew, P.D.2
  • 157
    • 84889422506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A rise in invasive group A streptococcal infections
    • Statens Serum Institut, 21 May
    • Statens Serum Institut (2002) A rise in invasive group A streptococcal infections. Epidemiology News, 37. www.ssi.dk/sw1875.asp (21 May 2005).
    • (2002) Epidemiology News , vol.37
  • 158
    • 84889450157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statens Serum Institut, Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Danish Medicines Agency and Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research , DANMAP 2003-Use of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from food animals, foods and humans in Denmark. Statens Serum Institut, Denmark, 21 May
    • Statens Serum Institut, Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Danish Medicines Agency and Danish Institute for Food and Veterinary Research (2004) DANMAP 2003-Use of antimicrobial agents and occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from food animals, foods and humans in Denmark. Statens Serum Institut, Denmark. www.dfvf.dk/Files/Filer/Zoonosecentret/Publikationer/Danmap/Danmap_2003.pdf (21 May 2005).
    • (2004)
  • 160
    • 0023786989 scopus 로고
    • The Eagle effect revisited: efficacy of clindamycin, erythromycin, and penicillin in the treatment of streptococcal myositis
    • Stevens DL, Gibbons AE, Bergstrom R, Winn V (1988) The Eagle effect revisited: efficacy of clindamycin, erythromycin, and penicillin in the treatment of streptococcal myositis. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 158, 23-28.
    • (1988) The Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.158 , pp. 23-28
    • Stevens, D.L.1    Gibbons, A.E.2    Bergstrom, R.3    Winn, V.4
  • 161
    • 0024340460 scopus 로고
    • Severe group A streptococcal infections associated with a toxic shock-like syndrome and scarlet fever toxin A
    • Stevens DL, Tanner MH, Winship J et al. (1989) Severe group A streptococcal infections associated with a toxic shock-like syndrome and scarlet fever toxin A. The New England Journal of Medicine, 321, 1-7.
    • (1989) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.321 , pp. 1-7
    • Stevens, D.L.1    Tanner, M.H.2    Winship, J.3
  • 163
    • 0029849428 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes resistant to macrolides but sensitive to clindamycin: a common resistance pattern mediated by an efflux system
    • Sutcliffe J, Tait-Kamradt A, Wondrack L (1996) Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes resistant to macrolides but sensitive to clindamycin: a common resistance pattern mediated by an efflux system. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 40, 1817-1824.
    • (1996) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.40 , pp. 1817-1824
    • Sutcliffe, J.1    Tait-Kamradt, A.2    Wondrack, L.3
  • 164
    • 0034523443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive group A streptococcal infections in Sweden in 1994 and 1995: epidemiology and clinical spectrum
    • Svensson N, Oberg S, Henriques B et al. (2000) Invasive group A streptococcal infections in Sweden in 1994 and 1995: epidemiology and clinical spectrum. Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases, 32, 609-614.
    • (2000) Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases , vol.32 , pp. 609-614
    • Svensson, N.1    Oberg, S.2    Henriques, B.3
  • 165
    • 0036605915 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacteremia due to betahemolytic streptococcus group G: increasing incidence and clinical characteristics of patients
    • Sylvetsky N, Raveh D, Schlesinger Y et al. (2002) Bacteremia due to betahemolytic streptococcus group G: increasing incidence and clinical characteristics of patients. The American Journal of Medicine, 112, 622-626.
    • (2002) The American Journal of Medicine , vol.112 , pp. 622-626
    • Sylvetsky, N.1    Raveh, D.2    Schlesinger, Y.3
  • 166
    • 0021031752 scopus 로고
    • Inhibitor production by group-G streptococci of human and of animal origin
    • Tagg JR, Wong HK (1983) Inhibitor production by group-G streptococci of human and of animal origin. Journal of Medical Microbiology, 16, 409-415.
    • (1983) Journal of Medical Microbiology , vol.16 , pp. 409-415
    • Tagg, J.R.1    Wong, H.K.2
  • 167
    • 0030874070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • mefE is necessary for the erythromycin-resistant M phenotype in Streptococcus pneumoniae
    • Tait-Kamradt A, Clancy J, Cronan M et al. (1997) mefE is necessary for the erythromycin-resistant M phenotype in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 41, 2251-2255.
    • (1997) Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy , vol.41 , pp. 2251-2255
    • Tait-Kamradt, A.1    Clancy, J.2    Cronan, M.3
  • 171
    • 0028955727 scopus 로고
    • Psoriasis: a T-cellmediated autoimmune disease induced by streptococcal superantigens
    • Valdimarsson H, Baker BS, Jonsdottir I et al. (1995) Psoriasis: a T-cellmediated autoimmune disease induced by streptococcal superantigens. Immunology Today, 16, 145-149.
    • (1995) Immunology Today , vol.16 , pp. 145-149
    • Valdimarsson, H.1    Baker, B.S.2    Jonsdottir, I.3
  • 172
    • 0023096263 scopus 로고
    • Resurgence of acute rheumatic fever in the intermountain area of the United States
    • Veasy LG, Wiedmeier SE, Orsmond GS et al. (1987) Resurgence of acute rheumatic fever in the intermountain area of the United States. The New England Journal of Medicine, 316, 421-427.
    • (1987) The New England Journal of Medicine , vol.316 , pp. 421-427
    • Veasy, L.G.1    Wiedmeier, S.E.2    Orsmond, G.S.3
  • 174
    • 33044494073 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term surveillance of invasive group A streptococcal disease
    • 14th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic, 1-4 May 2004 abstract P1411
    • Vlaminckx BJM, van Pelt W, Schouls LM et al. (2004) Long-term surveillance of invasive group A streptococcal disease. 14th European Congress of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Prague, Czech Republic, 1-4 May 2004. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 10(Suppl. 3), 1-86 [abstract P1411].
    • (2004) Clinical Microbiology and Infection , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 1-86
    • Vlaminckx, B.J.M.1    Van Pelt, W.2    Schouls, L.M.3
  • 176
    • 0029970793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute group G streptococcal myositis associated with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome: case report and review
    • Wagner JG, Schlievert PM, Assimacopoulos AP et al. (1996) Acute group G streptococcal myositis associated with streptococcal toxic shock syndrome: case report and review. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 23, 1159-1161.
    • (1996) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.23 , pp. 1159-1161
    • Wagner, J.G.1    Schlievert, P.M.2    Assimacopoulos, A.P.3
  • 177
    • 0022357292 scopus 로고
    • Inducible resistance to macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin type B antibiotics: the resistance phenotype, its biological diversity, and structural elements that regulate expression-a review
    • Weisblum B (1985) Inducible resistance to macrolides, lincosamides and streptogramin type B antibiotics: the resistance phenotype, its biological diversity, and structural elements that regulate expression-a review. The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 16(Suppl. A), 63-90.
    • (1985) The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy , vol.16 , Issue.SUPPL. A , pp. 63-90
    • Weisblum, B.1
  • 178
    • 2342527765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of group B streptococci recovered from infants with invasive disease in England and Wales
    • Weisner AM, Johnson AP, Lamagni TL et al. (2004) Characterization of group B streptococci recovered from infants with invasive disease in England and Wales. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 38, 1203-1208.
    • (2004) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.38 , pp. 1203-1208
    • Weisner, A.M.1    Johnson, A.P.2    Lamagni, T.L.3
  • 180
    • 0035135740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Streptococcus pyogenes sclB encodes a putative hypervariable surface protein with a collagen-like repetitive structure
    • Whatmore AM (2001) Streptococcus pyogenes sclB encodes a putative hypervariable surface protein with a collagen-like repetitive structure. Microbiology, 147, 419-429.
    • (2001) Microbiology , vol.147 , pp. 419-429
    • Whatmore, A.M.1
  • 181
    • 0028358264 scopus 로고
    • Horizontal gene transfer in the evolution of group A streptococcal emm-like genes: gene mosaics and variation in Vir regulons
    • Whatmore AM, Kehoe MA (1994) Horizontal gene transfer in the evolution of group A streptococcal emm-like genes: gene mosaics and variation in Vir regulons. Molecular Microbiology, 11, 363-374.
    • (1994) Molecular Microbiology , vol.11 , pp. 363-374
    • Whatmore, A.M.1    Kehoe, M.A.2
  • 182
    • 0027534319 scopus 로고
    • Defining the group A streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Rationale and consensus definition
    • Working Group on Severe Streptococcal Infections
    • Working Group on Severe Streptococcal Infections (1993) Defining the group A streptococcal toxic shock syndrome. Rationale and consensus definition. The Journal of the American Medical Association, 269, 390-391.
    • (1993) The Journal of the American Medical Association , vol.269 , pp. 390-391
  • 183
    • 0032803355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved outcome of clindamycin compared with beta-lactam antibiotic treatment for invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection
    • Zimbelman J, Palmer A, Todd J (1999) Improved outcome of clindamycin compared with beta-lactam antibiotic treatment for invasive Streptococcus pyogenes infection. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 18, 1096-1100.
    • (1999) The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , vol.18 , pp. 1096-1100
    • Zimbelman, J.1    Palmer, A.2    Todd, J.3
  • 184
    • 0031827523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Invasive group A streptococcal disease in metropolitan Atlanta: a population-based assessment
    • Zurawski CA, Bardsley M, Beall B et al. (1998) Invasive group A streptococcal disease in metropolitan Atlanta: a population-based assessment. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 27, 150-157.
    • (1998) Clinical Infectious Diseases , vol.27 , pp. 150-157
    • Zurawski, C.A.1    Bardsley, M.2    Beall, B.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.