Factors associated with proteinuria in renal transplant recipients treated with sirolimus

Transplant International

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2009, Pages 313-322

  Liew, Adrian ^b   Chiang, Gilbert S C ^b   Vathsala, Anantharaman ^a,b  

^a Dept Medicine Endocrinol Diabet   (Singapore)

^b SINGAPORE GENERAL HOSPITAL   (Singapore)

Author keywords

Cyclosporine; Proteinuria; Renal transplantation; Sirolimus; Statins

Indexed keywords

ANGIOTENSIN II ANTAGONIST; ANTIMETABOLITE; CALCINEURIN INHIBITOR; CYCLOSPORIN; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL COENZYME A REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; MYCOPHENOLIC ACID; PREDNISONE; PROTEIN; RAPAMYCIN;

ACUTE GRAFT REJECTION; ADULT; ARTERIOLE; ARTICLE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISEASE COURSE; DRUG USE; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; FEMALE; GLOMERULUS; GLOMERULUS FILTRATION; GRAFT RECIPIENT; HUMAN; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE TREATMENT; KIDNEY ALLOGRAFT; KIDNEY BIOPSY; KIDNEY INJURY; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; KIDNEY TUBULE; MALE; NEPHRON; NEPHROTOXICITY; PATIENT ASSESSMENT; POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEINURIA; SEX DIFFERENCE; ULTRAFILTRATION; URINALYSIS; VASOCONSTRICTION;

ACUTE DISEASE; ADULT; ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERTING ENZYME INHIBITORS; BLOOD PRESSURE; BODY MASS INDEX; CYCLOSPORINE; DIABETES MELLITUS; DRUG THERAPY, COMBINATION; FEMALE; GRAFT REJECTION; HUMANS; HYDROXYMETHYLGLUTARYL-COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS; IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE AGENTS; KIDNEY TRANSPLANTATION; LIPIDS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; NEPHRONS; PREVALENCE; PROTEINURIA; SEX FACTORS; SIROLIMUS; VASOCONSTRICTION;

EID: 59249094511     PISSN: 09340874     EISSN: 14322277     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-2277.2008.00801.x     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. Kahan BD., The Rapamune US Study Group. Efficacy of sirolimus compared with azathioprine for reduction of acute renal allograft rejection: a randomized multicentre study. Lancet 2000 356 : 194.
2. Groth CG, Backman L, Morales JM, et al. Sirolimus (rapamycin)-based therapy in human renal transplantation: similar efficacy and different toxicity compared with cyclosporine. Transplantation 1999 67 : 1036.
3. Kreis H, Cisterne JM, Land W, et al. Sirolimus in association with mycophenolate mofetil induction for the prevention of acute graft rejection in renal allograft recipients. Transplantation 2000 69 : 1252.
4. Stallone G, Infante B, Schena A, et al. Rapamycin for treatment of chronic allograft nephropathy in renal transplant patients. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005 16 : 3755.
5. Letavernier E, Pe'raldi MN, Pariente A, Morelon E, Legendre C. Proteinuria following a switch from calcineurin inhibitors to sirolimus. Transplantation 2005 80 : 1198.
6. Butani L. Investigation of pediatric renal transplant recipients with heavy proteinuria after sirolimus rescue. Transplantation 2004 78 : 1362.
7. Raichlin E, Khalpey Z, Kremers W, et al. Replacement of calcineurin-inhibitors with sirolimus as primary immunosuppression in stable cardiac transplant recipients. Transplantation 2007 84 : 467.
8. Morard I, Dumortier J, Spahr L, et al. Conversion to sirolimus-based immunosuppression in maintenance liver transplantation patients. Liver Transpl 2007 13 : 658.
9. Ruggenenti P, Perna A, Mosconi L, et al. Proteinuria predicts end-stage renal failure in non-diabetic chronic nephropathies. The "Gruppo Italiano di Studi Epidemiologici in Nefrologia" (GISEN). Kidney Int 1997 63 : S54.
10. Peterson JC, Adler S, Burkart JM, et al. Blood pressure control, proteinuria, and the progression of renal disease. The Modification of Diet in Renal Disease Study. Ann Intern Med 1995 123 : 754.
11. Hebert LA, Wilmer WA, Falkenhain ME, Ladson-Wofford SE, Nahman NS Jr., Rovin BH. Renoprotection: one or many therapies? Kidney Int 2001 59 : 1211.
12. Taal MW, Brenner BM. Renoprotective benefits of RAS inhibition: from ACEI to angiotensin II antagonists. Kidney Int 2000 57 : 1803.
13. Zoja C, Morigi M, Remuzzi G. Proteinuria and phenotypic change of proximal tubular cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003 14 : S36.
14. Roodnat JI, Mulder PGH, Rischen-Vos J, et al. Proteinuria after renal transplantation affects not only graft survival but also patient survival. Transplantation 2001 72 : 438.
15. Amer H, Fidler ME, Myslak M, et al. Proteinuria after kidney transplantation, relationship to allograft histology and survival. Am J Transplant 2007 7 : 2748.
16. Boratyńska M, Banasik M, Watorek E, et al. Conversion to sirolimus from cyclosporine may induce nephrotic proteinuria and progressive deterioration of renal function in chronic allograft nephropathy patients. Transplant Proc 2006 38 : 101.
17. Racusen LC, Solez K, Colvin RB, et al. The Banff 97 working classification of renal allograft pathology. Kidney Int 1999 55 : 713.
18. Nankivell BJ, Gruenewald SM, Allen RD, Chapman JR. Predicting glomerular filtration rate after kidney transplantation. Transplantation 1995 59 : 1683.
19. Morelon E, Kreis H. Sirolimus therapy without calcineurin inhibitors: Necker Hospital 8-year experience. Transplant Proc 2003 35 (3 Suppl. S52.
20. Pinheiro HS, Amaro TA, Braga AM, Bastos MG. Post-rapamycin proteinuria: incidence, evolution, and therapeutic handling at a single center. Transplant Proc 2006 38 : 3476.
21. Reed E, Cohen CJ, Barr ML, et al. Effect of recipient gender and race on heart and kidney allograft survival. Transplant Proc 1992 24 : 2670.
22. Neugarten J, Srinivas T, Tellis V, Silbiger S, Greenstein S. The effect of donor gender on renal allograft survival. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996 7 : 318.
23. Vereerstraeten P, Wissing M, De Pauww L, Abramowicz D, Kinnaert P. Male recipients of kidneys from female donors are at increased risk of graft loss from both rejection and technical failure. Clin Transplant 1999 13 : 181.
24. Kasiske BL, Umen JA. The influence of age, sex, race and body habitus on kidney weight in humans. Arch Pathol Lab Med 1986 110 : 55.
25. Brenner BM, Cohen RA, Milford EL. In renal transplantation, one size may not fit all. J Am Soc Nephrol 1992 3 : 162.
26. Chandie Shaw PK, Berger SP, Mallat M, Frölich M, Dekker FW, Rabelink TJ. Central obesity is an independent risk factor for albuminuria in nondiabetic South Asian subjects. Diabetes Care 2007 30 : 1840.
27. Franco AF, Martini D, Abensur H, Noronha IL. Proteinuria in transplant patients associated with sirolimus. Transplant Proc 2007 39 : 449.
28. Straathof-Galema L, Wetzels JF, Dijkman HB, Steenbergen EJ, Hilbrands LB. Sirolimus-associated heavy proteinuria in a renal transplant recipient: evidence for a tubular mechanism. Am J Transplant 2006 6 : 429.
29. Coombes JD, Mreich E, Liddle C, Rangan GK. Rapamycin worsens renal function and intratubular cast formation in protein overload nephropathy. Kidney Int 2005 68 : 2599.
30. Dittrich E, Schmaldienst S, Soleiman A, Hörl WH, Pohanka E. Rapamycin-associated post-transplantation glomerulonephritis and its remission after reintroduction of calcineurin-inhibitor therapy. Transpl Int 2004 17 : 215.
31. Merkel S, Mogilevskaja N, Mengel M, Haller H, Schwarz A. Side effects of sirolimus. Transplant Proc 2006 38 : 714.
32. Letavernier E, Bruneval P, Mandet C, et al. High sirolimus levels may induce focal segmental glomerulosclerosis de novo. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007 2 : 326.
33. Vathsala A, Verani R, Schoenberg L, et al. Proteinuria in cyclosporine-treated renal transplant recipients. Transplantation 1990 49 : 35.
34. Saurina A, Campistol JM, Piera C, et al. Conversion from calcineurin inhibitors to sirolimus in chronic allograft dysfunction: changes in glomerular haemodynamics and proteinuria. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2006 21 : 488.
35. Katznelson S, Wilkinson AH, Kobashigawa JA, et al. The effect of pravastatin on acute rejection after kidney transplantation - a pilot study. Transplantation 1996 61 : 1469.
36. Tuncer M, Suleymanlar G, Ersoy FF, Yakupoglu G. Comparison of the effects of simvastatin and pravastatin on acute rejection episodes in renal transplant patients. Transplant Proc 2000 32 : 622.
37. Harris KP, Purkerson ML, Yates J, Klahr S. Lovastatin ameliorates the development of glomerulosclerosis and uremia in experimental nephritic syndrome. Am J Kidney Dis 1990 15 : 16.
38. O'Donnell MP, Kasiske BL, Katz SA, Schmitz PG, Keane WF. Lovastatin but not enalapril reduces glomerular injury in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Hypertension 1992 20 : 651.
39. Kim SI, Han DC, Lee HB. Lovastatin inhibits transforming growth factor-beta1 expression in diabetic rat glomeruli and cultured rat mesangial cells. J Am Soc Nephrol 2000 11 : 80.
40. Zhu B, Shen H, Zhou J, Lin F, Hu Y. Effects of simvastatin on oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats: a role for glomeruli protection. Nephron Exp Nephrol 2005 101 : e1.
41. Joyce M, Kelly C, Winter D, Chen G, Leahy A, Bouchier-Hayes D. Pravastatin, a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, attenuates renal injury in an experimental model of ischemia-reperfusion. J Surg Res 2001 101 : 79.
42. Gianella A, Nobili E, Abbate M, et al. Rosuvastatin treatment prevents progressive kidney inflammation and fibrosis in stroke-prone rats. Am J Pathol 2007 170 : 1165.
43. Koepke ML, Weber M, Schulze-Lohoff E, Beirowski B, Segerer S, Gross O. Nephroprotective effects of the HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitor cervastatin in a mouse model of progressive renal fibrosis in Alport syndrome. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007 22 : 1062.
44. Park JK, Müller DN, Mervaala EM, et al. Cerivastatin prevents angiotensin II-induced renal injury independent of blood pressure- and cholesterol-lowering effects. Kidney Int 2000 58 : 1420.
45. Gheith OA, Sobh MA, Mohamed Kel-S, et al. Impact of treatment of dyslipidemia on renal function, fat deposits and scarring in patients with persistent nephrotic syndrome. Nephron 2002 91 : 612.
46. Nakamura T, Sugaya T, Kawagoe Y, Suzuki T, Inoue T, Node K. Effect of pitavastatin on urinary liver-type fatty-acid-binding protein in patients with nondiabetic mild chronic kidney disease. Am J Nephrol 2006 26 : 82.
47. Nakamura T, Ushiyama C, Hirokawa K, et al. Effect of cerivastatin on proteinuria and urinary podocytes in patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002 17 : 798.
48. Blanco S, Vaquero M, Gómez-Guerrero C, López D, Egido J, Romero R. Potential role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and statins on early podocyte damage in a model of type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and mild hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2005 1 : 557.
49. Shibata S, Nagase M, Fujita T. Fluvastatin ameliorates podocyte injury in proteinuric rats via modulation of excessive Rho signaling. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006 17 : 754.
50. Alber HF, Dulak J, Frick M, et al. Atorvastatin decreases vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002 39 : 1951.
51. Frick M, Dulak J, Cisowski J, et al. Statins differentially regulate vascular endothelial growth factor synthesis in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells. Atherosclerosis 2003 170 : 229.
52. Eremina V, Sood M, Haigh J, et al. Glomerular-specific alterations of VEGF-A expression lead to distinct congenital and acquired renal diseases. J Clin Invest 2003 111 : 707.
53. Hochegger K, Jansky GL, Soleiman A, et al. Differential effects of rapamycin in anti-GBM glomerulonephritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2008 19 : 1520.
54. Izzedine H, Brocheriou I, Frances C. Post-transplantation proteinuria and sirolimus. N Eng J Med 2005 353 : 2088.
55. Lecian D, Demova H, Lodererova A, et al. Renal effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibition in a rat model of chronic inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis. Kidney Blood Press Res 2006 29 : 135.