The roots of the "Fourth Republicg": Solidarity's cultural legacy to polish politics

East European Politics and Societies

Volumn 23, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 63-85

  Brier, Robert ^a,b  

^a German Historical Institute   (Poland)

^b Niemiecki Instytut Historyczny   (Poland)

Author keywords

Cultural legacies; Culture and politics; Polish politics; Polish right wing discourse; Solidarity

Indexed keywords

EID: 59149103236     PISSN: 08883254     EISSN: 15338371     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0888325408326790     Document Type: Article

References (99)

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7. See, e.g., Jon Elster, Claus Offe, and Ulrich K. Preuss, Institutional Design in Post-Communist Societies: Rebuilding the Ship at Sea (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998), 247-70.
8. For a rather graphic example see "Kto jest tarn, gdzie stato ZOMO?" Gazeta Wyborcza, 3 October 2006.
9. See, e.g., the contributions to Frank Bönker et al., eds., Postcommunist Transformation and the Social Sciences: Cross-Disciplinary Approaches (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield. 2002);
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35. Clifford Geertz, The Interpretation of Cultures: Selected Essays (New York: Basic Books, 1973), 89.
36. Geertz, Interpretation of Cultures, 363.
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38. Sewell, Logics of History, 168.
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42. Brian Porter, "The Catholic Nation: Religion, Identity, and the Narratives of Polish History," Slavic and East European Journal 45:2 (2001): 289.
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44. See also the contributions to Antoni Sułek, ed., Solidamość Wydarzenie, konsekwencje, pamiȩć (Warszawa: IFiS PAN, 2006).
45. Jerzy Szacki, Der Liberalismus nach dem Ende des Kommunismus, trans. Friedrich Griese (Frankfurt/Main: Suhrkamp, 2003), 76-77, 82.
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47. Sergiusz Kowalski, Krytyka solidarnościowego rozumu: Studium z socjologii myślenia potocznego (Warszawa: PEN, 1990), 138.
48. It should be noted that the relationship between Solidarity and Church was much more complicated than the prominence of religious symbolism in the movement's discourse suggests. This was probably best captured by David Ost, who writes that "Solidarity always felt closer to the Church than the Church felt to Solidarity." David Ost, Solidarity and the Policits of Anti-Politics: Opposition and Reform in Poland since 1968 (Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1990), 157.
49. Geertz, Interpretation of Cultures, 90.
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58. Zubrzycki, The Crosses of Auschwitz, 219.
59. Maryjane Osa, "Creating Solidarity: The Religious Foundations of the Polish Social Movement," East European Politics and Societies 11:2 (March 1997): 339-65.
60. Michał Buchowski, "Communism and Religion: A War of Two World View Systems," in Iva Doležalová et al., eds., The Academic Study of Religion during the Cold War: East and West (New York: Peter Lang, 2001), 39-58.
61. Jan Kubik, The Power of Symbols against the Symbols of Power: The Rise of Solidarity and the Fall of State Socialism in Poland (Pennsylvania University Park: Pennsylvania University Press, 1994), 31-74;
62. Marcin Zaremba, Komunizm, legitymizacja, nacjonalizm: Nacjonalistyczna legitymizacja wladzy komunistycznej w Polsce (Warszawa: TRIO, 2001), 353-77.
63. Raymond Taras, Ideology in a Socialist State: Poland, 1956-1983 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984), 257-58.
64. See, e.g., Jan Rydel, "Sacrum Poloniae Millenium: Bemerkungen zur Anatomie eines Konflikts im 'realen Sozialismus,'" in. Emil Brix and Hannes Stekl, eds., Der Kampf um das Gedächtnis: Öffentliche Gedenktage in Mitteleuropa (Wien: Böhlau, 1997), 246.
65. Kubik, Power of Symbols, 64.
66. Kowalski, Krytyka solidarnościowego rozumu, 79.
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68. Melanie Tatur, "Catholicism, and Modernization in Poland," The Journal of Communist Studies 7:3 (1991): 345.
69. See also Edmund Wnuk-Lipiiíski, "Solidarność - na fali procesów globalnych," in Antoni Sulek, ed., Solidarność. Wydarzenie, konsekwencje, pamiefi (Warszawa: IFiS PAN, 2006), 36-37.
70. For the development of the 1980s opposition see Steven Stoltenberg, "An Underground Society: The Evolution of Poland's Solidarity, 1982-1989" (PhD diss., University of California, Berkeley, 1993);
71. Krzysztof Łabȩdź, Spory wokół zagadnieó programowych w publikacjach opozycji politycznej w Polsce (Kraków: Ksiȩgarnia Akademicka, 1997);
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75. Michael Carpenter, "Civil Society or Nation? Re-evaluating Solidarity Ten Years after the Revolution," Polish Sociological Review 127 (1999): 347.
76. Michnik, Letters from Freedom, 178-83.
77. Labȩdź, Spory wokół zagadnień programowych, 74-89.
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79. Zdzislaw Mach, Symbols, Conflict, and Identity (Krakow: Uniwersytet Jagielloriski, 1990), 142-43;
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81. Tatur, "Catholicism, and Modernization in Poland," 346.
82. Stoltenberg, "An Underground Society."
83. Kubik, "Polish Round Table," 104;
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