Effect of foot posture, foot orthoses and footwear on lower limb muscle activity during walking and running: A systematic review

Gait and Posture

Volumn 29, Issue 2, 2009, Pages 172-187

  Murley, George S ^a   Landorf, Karl B ^a   Menz, Hylton B ^a   Bird, Adam R ^a  

^a LA TROBE UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

Author keywords

Electromyography; Foot posture; Footwear; Muscle; Orthoses

Indexed keywords

BACK; BIOMECHANICS; ELECTROMYOGRAPHY; FOOT; HUMANS; MUSCLE, SKELETAL; ORTHOTIC DEVICES; POSTURE; RUNNING; SHOES; WALKING;

EID: 58549113756     PISSN: 09666362     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2008.08.015     Document Type: Review

References (59)

1. McPoil T.G., and Hunt G.C. Evaluation and management of foot and ankle disorders: present problems and future directions. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 21 (1995) 381-388
2. Burns J., Keenan A.-M., and Redmond A. Foot type and overuse injury in triathletes. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 95 (2005) 235-241
3. Cowan D.N., Jones B.H., and Robinson J.R. Foot morphologic characteristics and risk of exercise-related injury. Arch Fam Med 2 (1993) 773-777
4. Dahle L.K., Mueller M., Delitto A., and Diamond J.E. Visual assessment of foot type and relationship of foot type to lower extremity injury. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 14 (1991) 70-74
5. Kaufman K.R., Brodine S.K., Shaffer R.A., Johnson C.W., and Cullison T.R. The effect of foot structure and range of motion on musculoskeletal overuse injuries. Am J Sports Med 27 (1999) 585-593
6. Williams III D.S., McClay I.S., and Hamill J. Arch structure and injury patterns in runners. Clin Biomech 16 (2001) 341-347
7. Yates B., and White S. The incidence and risk factors in the development of medial tibial stress syndrome among naval recruits. Am J Sports Med 32 (2004) 772-780
8. Murphy D.F., Connolly D.A.J., and Beynnon B.D. Risk factors for lower extremity injury: a review of the literature. Br J Sports Med 37 (2003) 13-29
9. Barnes A., Wheat J., and Milner C. Association between foot type and tibial stress injuries: a systematic review. Br J Sports Med 42 (2008) 93-98
10. Collins N., Bisset L., McPoil T., and Vicenzino B. Foot orthoses in lower limb overuse conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Foot Ankle Int 28 (2007) 396-412
11. Landorf K.B., and Keenan A.-M. Do foot orthoses prevent injury? In evidence-based sports medicine (2007), Blackwell, Malden, MA pp. 73-92
12. Friedman L., Furberg C., and DeMets D. Fundamentals of Clinical Trials. 3rd ed. (1998), Springer, New York
13. Pocock S.J. Clinical trials: a practical approach (1983), John Wiley & Sons, Chichester
14. Landorf K.B., and Keenan A.M. Efficacy of foot orthoses. What does the literature tell us?. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 90 (2000) 149-158
15. Downs S.H., and Black N. The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. J Epidemiol Community Health 52 (1998) 377-384
16. Hermens H.J., Freriks B., Merletti R., Stegeman D., Blok J., Rau G., et al. SENIAM - Deliverable 8 - European Recommendations for Surface ElectroMyoGraphy: results of the SENIAM project. 2nd ed. (1999), Roessingh Research and Development, Enschede
17. Merletti R. Standards for Reporting EMG Data. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 9 (1999) 3-5
18. Chung S.H., and Giuliani C.A. Within- and between-session consistency of electromyographic temporal patterns of walking in non-disabled older adults. Gait Posture 6 (1997) 110-118
19. O'Connor K.M., Price T.B., and Hamill J. Examination of extrinsic foot muscles during running using mfMRI and EMG. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 16 (2006) 522-530
20. Cornwall M.W., and McPoil T.G. The influence of tibialis anterior muscle activity on rearfoot motion during walking. Foot Ankle Int 15 (1994) 75-79
21. Williams D.S., Davis I.M., Scholz J.P., Hamill J., and Buchanan T.S. High-arched runners exhibit increased leg stiffness compared to low-arched runners. Gait Posture 19 (2004) 263-269
22. Hunt A.E., and Smith R.M. Mechanics and control of the flat versus normal foot during the stance phase of walking. Clin Biomech 19 (2004) 391-397
23. Backmann CK. The effect of treadmill compliance and foot type on electromyography of lower extremity muscles during running, Western Washington University; 1997.
24. Keenan M.A., Peabody T.D., Gronley J.K., and Perry J. Valgus deformities of the feet and characteristics of gait in patients who have rheumatoid arthritis. J Bone Joint Surg (Am) 73 (1991) 237-247
25. Roy J-PR, and Stefanyshyn D.J. Shoe midsole longitudinal bending stiffness and running economy, joint energy, and EMG. Med Sci Sports Exerc 38 (2006) 562-569
26. Chiu M.C., and Wang M.J. Professional footwear evaluation for clinical nurses. Appl Ergon 38 (2007) 133-141
27. von Tscharner V., Goepfert B., and Nigg B.M. Changes in EMG signals for the muscle tibialis anterior while running barefoot or with shoes resolved by non-linearly scaled wavelets. J Biomech 36 (2003) 1169-1176
28. Wakeling J.M., Pascual S.A., and Nigg B.M. Altering muscle activity in the lower extremities by running with different shoes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 34 (2002) 1529-1532
29. Nawoczenski D.A., and Ludewig P.M. Electromyographic effects of foot orthotics on selected lower extremity muscles during running. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 80 (1999) 540-544
30. Tomaro J., and Burdett R.G. The effects of foot orthotics on the EMG activity of selected leg muscles during gait. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 18 (1993) 532-536
31. Gefen A., Megido-Ravid M., Itzchak Y., and Arcan M. Analysis of muscular fatigue and foot stability during high-heeled gait. Gait Posture 15 (2002) 56-63
32. Li J.X., and Hong Y. Kinematic and electromyographic analysis of the trunk and lower limbs during walking in negative-heeled shoes. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 97 (2007) 447-456
33. Serrao J.C., and Amadio A.C. Kinetic and electromyographic adaptations in barefoot locomotion. Revista Brasileira de Biomecanica 2 (2001) 43-51
34. Gray E.G., and Basmajian J.V. Electromyography and cinematography of leg and foot ("normal" and flat) during walking. Anat Rec 161 (1968) 1-15
35. Mundermann A., Wakeling J.M., Nigg B.M., Humble R.N., and Stefanyshyn D.J. Foot orthoses affect frequency components of muscle activity in the lower extremity. Gait Posture 23 (2006) 295-302
36. Murley G.S., and Bird A.R. The effect of three levels of foot orthotic wedging on the surface electromyographic activity of selected lower limb muscles during gait. Clin Biomech 21 (2006) 1074-1080
37. Kadel N.J., Segal A., Orendurff M., Shofer J., and Sangeorzan B. The efficacy of two methods of ankle immobilization in reducing gastrocnemius, soleus, and peroneal muscle activity during stance phase of gait. Foot Ankle Int 25 (2004) 406-409
38. Konradsen L., and Hojsgaard C. Pre-heel-strike peroneal muscle activity during walking and running with and without an external ankle support. Scand J Med Sci Sports 3 (1993) 99-103
39. Scheuffelen C., Rapp W., Gollhofer A., and Lohrer H. Orthotic devices in functional treatment of ankle sprain-stabilizing effects during real movements. Int J Sports Med 14 (1993) 140-149
40. Wakeling J.M., and Liphardt A.-M. Task-specific recruitment of motor units for vibration damping. J Biomech 39 (2006) 1342-1346
41. Wakeling J.M., Liphardt A.-M., and Nigg B.M. Muscle activity reduces soft-tissue resonance at heel-strike during walking. J Biomech 36 (2003) 1761-1769
42. Nurse M.A., Hulliger M., Wakeling J.M., Nigg B.M., and Stefanyshyn D.J. Changing the texture of footwear can alter gait patterns. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 15 (2005) 496-506
43. Baur H., Hirschmueller A., Mueller S., and Mayer F. Effects of functional elements of orthotic insoles in sports. Deutsche Zeitschrift Fuer Sportmedizin 54 (2003) 323-328 German
44. Bird A.R., Bendrups A.P., and Payne C.B. The effect of foot wedging on electromyographic activity in the erector spinae and gluteus medius muscles during walking. Gait Posture 18 (2003) 81-91
45. Rosenbaum D., and Hennig E. Lower leg EMG-activity in walking and running with shoes of different elastic properties. In: Cotton C.E., et al. (Ed). Proceedings of the Fifth Biennial Conference and Human Locomotion Symposium of the Canadian Society for Biomechanics (1988), Spodym Publishers, London 138-139
46. Jorgensen U. Body load in heel-strike running: the effect of a firm heel counter. Am J Sports Med 18 (1990) 177-181
47. Komi P.V., Gollhofer A., Schmidtbleicher D., and Frick U. Interaction between man and shoe in running: considerations for a more comprehensive measurement approach. Int J Sports Med 8 (1987) 196-202
48. O'Connor K.M., and Hamill J. The role of selected extrinsic foot muscles during running. Clin Biomech 19 (2004) 71-77
49. Joseph J. The pattern of activity of some muscles in women walking on high heels. Ann Phys Med 9 (1968) 295-299
50. Lee C.H., Jeong E.H., and Freivalds A. Biomechanical effects of wearing high-heeled shoes. Int J Ind Ergon 28 (2001) 321-326
51. Lee K.H., Shieh J.C., Matteliano A., and Smiehorowski T. Electromyographic changes of leg muscles with heel lifts in women: therapeutic implications. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 71 (1990) 31-33
52. Stefanyshyn D.J., Nigg B.M., Fisher V., O'Flynn B., and Liu W. The influence of high heeled shoes on kinematics, kinetics, and muscle EMG of normal female gait. J Appl Biomech 16 (2000) 309-319
53. Forestier N., and Toschi P. The effects of an ankle destabilization device on muscular activity while walking. Int J Sports Med 26 (2005) 464-470
54. Nigg B., Hintzen S., and Ferber R. Effect of an unstable shoe construction on lower extremity gait characteristics. Clin Biomech 21 (2006) 82-88
55. Romkes J., Rudmann C., and Brunner R. Changes in gait and EMG when walking with the Masai Barefoot Technique. Clin Biomech 21 (2006) 75-81
56. Lin C.-L., Wang M.-J.J., and Drury C.G. Biomechanical, physiological and psychophysical evaluations of clean room boots. Ergonomics 50 (2007) 481-496
57. Razeghi M., and Batt M.E. Foot type classification: a critical review of current methods. 15 (2002) 282-291
58. Scheuffelen C., Rapp W., Gollhofer A., and Lohrer H. Orthotic devices in functional treatment of ankle sprain. Stabilizing effects during real movements. Int J Sports Med 14 (1993) 140-149
59. Ringleb S.I., Kavros S.J., Kotajarvi B.R., Hansen D.K., Kitaoka H.B., and Kaufman K.R. Changes in gait associated with acute stage II posterior tibial tendon dysfunction. Gait Posture 25 (2007) 555-564