메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 32, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 64-88

Coping with racism: A selective review of the literature and a theoretical and methodological critique

Author keywords

Anger expression; Blood pressure; Confrontation; Coping; Depression; Ethnicity related maltreatment; Health; Ostracism; Race related stress; Racial identity; Racism; Social support

Indexed keywords

ADAPTATION, PSYCHOLOGICAL; ANGER; CONTINENTAL POPULATION GROUPS; ETHNIC GROUPS; HUMANS; MODELS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; PREJUDICE; SOCIAL SUPPORT; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL;

EID: 58249123664     PISSN: 01607715     EISSN: 15733521     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10865-008-9193-0     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (583)

References (146)
  • 1
    • 0034989423 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depressive symptoms, social support, and personal health behaviors in young men and women
    • 3. 10.1037/0278-6133.20.3.223
    • A Allgower J Wardle A Steptoe 2001 Depressive symptoms, social support, and personal health behaviors in young men and women Health Psychology 20 3 223 227 10.1037/0278-6133.20.3.223
    • (2001) Health Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 223-227
    • Allgower, A.1    Wardle, J.2    Steptoe, A.3
  • 5
    • 5244327675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of self-reported anger expression in pre- and early-adolescent African Americans: Psychometric considerations
    • 4. 10.1006/jado.2002.0481
    • CA Armstead R Clark 2002 Assessment of self-reported anger expression in pre- and early-adolescent African Americans: Psychometric considerations Journal of Adolescence 25 4 365 371 10.1006/jado.2002.0481
    • (2002) Journal of Adolescence , vol.25 , pp. 365-371
    • Armstead, C.A.1    Clark, R.2
  • 6
    • 0024836779 scopus 로고
    • Relationship of racial stressors to blood pressure responses and anger expression in Black college students
    • 5. 10.1037/0278-6133.8.5.541
    • CA Armstead KA Lawler G Gorden J Cross J Gibbons 1989 Relationship of racial stressors to blood pressure responses and anger expression in Black college students Health Psychology 8 5 541 556 10.1037/0278-6133.8.5.541
    • (1989) Health Psychology , vol.8 , pp. 541-556
    • Armstead, C.A.1    Lawler, K.A.2    Gorden, G.3    Cross, J.4    Gibbons, J.5
  • 7
    • 33747437307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social constraints and spousal communication in lung cancer
    • 8. 10.1002/pon.996
    • H Badr CLC Taylor 2006 Social constraints and spousal communication in lung cancer Psycho-Oncology 15 8 673 683 10.1002/pon.996
    • (2006) Psycho-Oncology , vol.15 , pp. 673-683
    • Badr, H.1    Taylor, C.L.C.2
  • 8
    • 34547291288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of racial identity profiles on the relationship between racial discrimination and depressive symptoms
    • Banks, K. H., & Kohn-Wood, L. (2007). The influence of racial identity profiles on the relationship between racial discrimination and depressive symptoms. Journal of Black Psychology.
    • (2007) Journal of Black Psychology
    • Banks, K.H.1    Kohn-Wood, L.2
  • 9
    • 0024042450 scopus 로고
    • Psychosocial functioning and depression: Distinguishing among antecedents, concomitants, and consequences
    • 1
    • PA Barnett IH Gotlib 1988 Psychosocial functioning and depression: Distinguishing among antecedents, concomitants, and consequences American Psychological Association 104 1 97 126
    • (1988) American Psychological Association , vol.104 , pp. 97-126
    • Barnett, P.A.1    Gotlib, I.H.2
  • 12
    • 0033454289 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceiving pervasive discrimination among African-Americans: Implications for group identification and well-being
    • 1. 10.1037/0022-3514.77.1.135
    • NR Branscombe MT Schmitt RD Harvey 1999 Perceiving pervasive discrimination among African-Americans: Implications for group identification and well-being Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 77 1 135 149 10.1037/0022-3514.77.1.135
    • (1999) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.77 , pp. 135-149
    • Branscombe, N.R.1    Schmitt, M.T.2    Harvey, R.D.3
  • 13
    • 58249108970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived racism and negative affect: Analyses of trait and state measures of affect in a community sample
    • 2. 10.1521/jscp.2008.27.2.150
    • E Brondolo N Brady S Thompson JN Tobin A Cassells M Sweeney 2008 Perceived racism and negative affect: Analyses of trait and state measures of affect in a community sample Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology 27 2 150 173 10.1521/jscp.2008.27.2.150
    • (2008) Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology , vol.27 , pp. 150-173
    • Brondolo, E.1    Brady, N.2    Thompson, S.3    Tobin, J.N.4    Cassells, A.5    Sweeney, M.6
  • 16
    • 14844311331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The perceived ethnic discrimination questionnaire: Development and preliminary validation of a community version
    • 2. 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02124.x
    • E Brondolo KP Kelly V Coakley T Gordon S Thompson E Levy 2005 The perceived ethnic discrimination questionnaire: Development and preliminary validation of a community version Journal of Applied Social Psychology 35 2 335 365 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2005.tb02124.x
    • (2005) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.35 , pp. 335-365
    • Brondolo, E.1    Kelly, K.P.2    Coakley, V.3    Gordon, T.4    Thompson, S.5    Levy, E.6
  • 17
  • 18
    • 31344448579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The perseverative cognition hypothesis: A review of worry, prolonged stress-related physiological activation, and health
    • 2. 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.06.074
    • JF Brosschot W Gerin JF Thayer 2006 The perseverative cognition hypothesis: A review of worry, prolonged stress-related physiological activation, and health Journal of Psychosomatic Research 60 2 113 124 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2005.06.074
    • (2006) Journal of Psychosomatic Research , vol.60 , pp. 113-124
    • Brosschot, J.F.1    Gerin, W.2    Thayer, J.F.3
  • 19
    • 33846663344 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived ethnic discrimination in relation to daily moods and negative social interactions
    • 1. 10.1007/s10865-006-9081-4
    • R Broudy E Brondolo V Coakley N Brady A Cassells J Tobin 2007 Perceived ethnic discrimination in relation to daily moods and negative social interactions Journal of Behavioral Medicine 30 1 31 43 10.1007/s10865-006-9081-4
    • (2007) Journal of Behavioral Medicine , vol.30 , pp. 31-43
    • Broudy, R.1    Brondolo, E.2    Coakley, V.3    Brady, N.4    Cassells, A.5    Tobin, J.6
  • 20
    • 33846252333 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racism experiences and psychological functioning in African American college freshmen: Is racial socialization a buffer?
    • 1. 10.1037/1099-9809.13.1.64
    • MS Bynum ET Burton C Best 2007 Racism experiences and psychological functioning in African American college freshmen: Is racial socialization a buffer? Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology 13 1 64 71 10.1037/1099-9809.13.1.64
    • (2007) Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology , vol.13 , pp. 64-71
    • Bynum, M.S.1    Burton, E.T.2    Best, C.3
  • 21
    • 0003138029 scopus 로고
    • Development of a self-report coping measure for elementary school children
    • 1. 10.1207/s15374424jccp2101-8
    • DL Causey EF Dubow 1992 Development of a self-report coping measure for elementary school children Journal of Clinical Child Psychology 21 1 47 59 10.1207/s15374424jccp2101-8
    • (1992) Journal of Clinical Child Psychology , vol.21 , pp. 47-59
    • Causey, D.L.1    Dubow, E.F.2
  • 22
    • 85047694052 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive and motivational processes underlying coping flexibility: A dual-process model
    • 2. 10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.425
    • C Cheng 2003 Cognitive and motivational processes underlying coping flexibility: A dual-process model Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 84 2 425 438 10.1037/0022-3514.84.2.425
    • (2003) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.84 , pp. 425-438
    • Cheng, C.1
  • 23
    • 0037688021 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-reported racism and social support predict blood pressure reactivity in Blacks
    • 2. 10.1207/S15324796ABM2502-09
    • R Clark 2003 Self-reported racism and social support predict blood pressure reactivity in Blacks Annals of Behavioral Medicine 25 2 127 136 10.1207/S15324796ABM2502-09
    • (2003) Annals of Behavioral Medicine , vol.25 , pp. 127-136
    • Clark, R.1
  • 25
    • 33745934821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interactive effects of perceived racism and coping responses predict a school-based assessment of blood pressure in black youth
    • 1. 10.1207/s15324796abm3201-1
    • R Clark P Gochett 2006 Interactive effects of perceived racism and coping responses predict a school-based assessment of blood pressure in black youth Annals of Behavioral Medicine 32 1 1 9 10.1207/s15324796abm3201-1
    • (2006) Annals of Behavioral Medicine , vol.32 , pp. 1-9
    • Clark, R.1    Gochett, P.2
  • 26
    • 27944474437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • "i am us": Negative stereotypes as collective threats
    • 4. 10.1037/0022-3514.89.4.566
    • GL Cohen J Garcia 2005 "I am us": Negative stereotypes as collective threats Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 89 4 566 582 10.1037/0022-3514.89.4.566
    • (2005) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.89 , pp. 566-582
    • Cohen, G.L.1    Garcia, J.2
  • 28
    • 34548857896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical issues in the measurement of ethnic and racial identity: A referendum on the state of the field
    • 3. 10.1037/0022-0167.54.3.224
    • K Cokley 2007 Critical issues in the measurement of ethnic and racial identity: A referendum on the state of the field Journal of Counseling Psychology 54 3 224 234 10.1037/0022-0167.54.3.224
    • (2007) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 224-234
    • Cokley, K.1
  • 29
    • 8744299821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Collective self-esteem and africultural coping styles in African American adolescents
    • 6. 10.1177/00234702032006004
    • MG Constantine PC Donnelly LJ Myers 2002 Collective self-esteem and africultural coping styles in African American adolescents Journal of Black Studies 32 6 698 710 10.1177/00234702032006004
    • (2002) Journal of Black Studies , vol.32 , pp. 698-710
    • Constantine, M.G.1    Donnelly, P.C.2    Myers, L.J.3
  • 31
    • 0035540738 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measures of ethnicity-related stress: Psychometric properties, ethnic group differences, and associations with well-being
    • 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb00205.x
    • RJ Contrada RD Ashmore ML Gary E Coups JD Egeth A Sewell 2001 Measures of ethnicity-related stress: Psychometric properties, ethnic group differences, and associations with well-being Journal of Applied Social Psychology 31 1775 1820 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2001.tb00205.x
    • (2001) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.31 , pp. 1775-1820
    • Contrada, R.J.1    Ashmore, R.D.2    Gary, M.L.3    Coups, E.4    Egeth, J.D.5    Sewell, A.6
  • 33
    • 0000107402 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The everyday functions of African American identity
    • Academic Press San Diego, CA
    • Cross, W. E., Jr, & Strauss, L. (1998). The everyday functions of African American identity. In J. K. Swim & C. Stangor (Eds.), Prejudice: The target's perspective (pp. 267-279). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
    • (1998) Prejudice: The Target's Perspective , pp. 267-279
    • Cross Jr, W.E.1    Strauss, L.2    Swim, J.K.3    Stangor, C.4
  • 34
    • 33745207117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Standing up for a change: Reducing bias through interpersonal confrontation
    • 5. 10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.784
    • AM Czopp MJ Monteith AY Mark 2006 Standing up for a change: Reducing bias through interpersonal confrontation Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 90 5 784 803 10.1037/0022-3514.90.5.784
    • (2006) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.90 , pp. 784-803
    • Czopp, A.M.1    Monteith, M.J.2    Mark, A.Y.3
  • 35
    • 31944436855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hope and life satisfaction in Black college students coping with race-related stress
    • 2. 10.1177/0095798403260725
    • S Danoff-Burg HM Prelow RR Swenson 2004 Hope and life satisfaction in Black college students coping with race-related stress The Journal of Black Psychology 30 2 208 228 10.1177/0095798403260725
    • (2004) The Journal of Black Psychology , vol.30 , pp. 208-228
    • Danoff-Burg, S.1    Prelow, H.M.2    Swenson, R.R.3
  • 37
    • 0020959111 scopus 로고
    • The brief symptom inventory: An introductory report
    • LR Deragotis N Meisarotis 1983 The brief symptom inventory: An introductory report Psychological Medicine 13 595 605
    • (1983) Psychological Medicine , vol.13 , pp. 595-605
    • Deragotis, L.R.1    Meisarotis, N.2
  • 38
    • 35548955562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Damned if you do, damned if you don't: The differential effect of expression and inhibition of anger on cardiovascular recovery in black and white males
    • 2. 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2007.03.022
    • N Dorr JF Brosschot JJ Sollers III JF Thayer 2007 Damned if you do, damned if you don't: The differential effect of expression and inhibition of anger on cardiovascular recovery in black and white males International Journal of Psychophysiology 66 2 125 134 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2007.03.022
    • (2007) International Journal of Psychophysiology , vol.66 , pp. 125-134
    • Dorr, N.1    Brosschot, J.F.2    Sollers Iii, J.J.3    Thayer, J.F.4
  • 39
    • 0031514581 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sticking together of falling apart: In-group identification as a psychological determinant of group commitment versus individual mobility
    • 3. 10.1037/0022-3514.72.3.617
    • N Ellemers R Spears B Doosje 1997 Sticking together of falling apart: In-group identification as a psychological determinant of group commitment versus individual mobility Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 72 3 617 626 10.1037/0022-3514.72.3.617
    • (1997) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.72 , pp. 617-626
    • Ellemers, N.1    Spears, R.2    Doosje, B.3
  • 40
    • 58249099110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Utility of an African-centered support group for African American men confronting societal racism and oppression
    • 3
    • D Elligan SO Utsey 1999 Utility of an African-centered support group for African American men confronting societal racism and oppression Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology 41 3 295 313
    • (1999) Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology , vol.41 , pp. 295-313
    • Elligan, D.1    Utsey, S.O.2
  • 41
    • 0034263413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived discrimination and depression among Mexican-origin adults in California
    • 3. 10.2307/2676322
    • BK Finch B Kolody WA Vega 2000 Perceived discrimination and depression among Mexican-origin adults in California Journal of Health and Social Behavior 41 3 295 313 10.2307/2676322
    • (2000) Journal of Health and Social Behavior , vol.41 , pp. 295-313
    • Finch, B.K.1    Kolody, B.2    Vega, W.A.3
  • 42
    • 0142182269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acculturation stress, social support, and self-rated health among Latinos in California
    • 3. 10.1023/A:1023987717921
    • BK Finch WA Vega 2003 Acculturation stress, social support, and self-rated health among Latinos in California Journal of Immigrant Health 5 3 109 117 10.1023/A:1023987717921
    • (2003) Journal of Immigrant Health , vol.5 , pp. 109-117
    • Finch, B.K.1    Vega, W.A.2
  • 43
    • 0032851859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African Americans' mental health and perceptions of racist discrimination: The moderating effects of racial socialization experiences and self-esteem
    • 3. 10.1037/0022-0167.46.3.395
    • AR Fischer CM Shaw 1999 African Americans' mental health and perceptions of racist discrimination: The moderating effects of racial socialization experiences and self-esteem Journal of Counseling Psychology 46 3 395 407 10.1037/0022-0167.46.3.395
    • (1999) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.46 , pp. 395-407
    • Fischer, A.R.1    Shaw, C.M.2
  • 44
    • 84892458718 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Understanding the association between socioeconomic status and physical health: Do negative emotions play a role?
    • 1. 10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.10
    • LC Gallo KA Matthews 2003 Understanding the association between socioeconomic status and physical health: Do negative emotions play a role? Psychological Bulletin 129 1 10 51 10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.10
    • (2003) Psychological Bulletin , vol.129 , pp. 10-51
    • Gallo, L.C.1    Matthews, K.A.2
  • 45
    • 33645504796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Socioeconomic status, psychosocial processes, and perceived health: An interpersonal perspective
    • 10.1207/s15324796abm3102-2
    • LC Gallo TW Smith C Cox 2006 Socioeconomic status, psychosocial processes, and perceived health: An interpersonal perspective Annals of Behavioral Medicine 31 109 119 10.1207/s15324796abm3102-2
    • (2006) Annals of Behavioral Medicine , vol.31 , pp. 109-119
    • Gallo, L.C.1    Smith, T.W.2    Cox, C.3
  • 47
    • 33645680955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trajectories of perceived adult and peer discrimination among Black, Latino, and Asian American adolescents: Patterns and psychological correlates
    • 2. 10.1037/0012-1649.42.2.218
    • ML Greene N Way K Pahl 2006 Trajectories of perceived adult and peer discrimination among Black, Latino, and Asian American adolescents: Patterns and psychological correlates Developmental Psychology 42 2 218 238 10.1037/0012-1649.42.2.218
    • (2006) Developmental Psychology , vol.42 , pp. 218-238
    • Greene, M.L.1    Way, N.2    Pahl, K.3
  • 48
    • 0018763184 scopus 로고
    • Resentful and reflective coping with arbitrary authority and blood pressure: Detroit
    • 3
    • E Harburg EH Blakelock P Roeper 1979 Resentful and reflective coping with arbitrary authority and blood pressure: Detroit Psychosomatic Medicine 41 3 189 202
    • (1979) Psychosomatic Medicine , vol.41 , pp. 189-202
    • Harburg, E.1    Blakelock, E.H.2    Roeper, P.3
  • 49
    • 0025972566 scopus 로고
    • Anger-coping styles and blood pressure in black and white males: Buffalo, New York
    • 2
    • E Harburg L Gleiberman M Russell ML Cooper 1991 Anger-coping styles and blood pressure in black and white males: Buffalo, New York Psychosomatic Medicine 53 2 153 164
    • (1991) Psychosomatic Medicine , vol.53 , pp. 153-164
    • Harburg, E.1    Gleiberman, L.2    Russell, M.3    Cooper, M.L.4
  • 50
    • 84970532806 scopus 로고
    • Analyzing black coping styles: A supplemental diagnostic system
    • 2. 10.1177/009579847900500204
    • JP Harrell 1979 Analyzing black coping styles: A supplemental diagnostic system The Journal of Black Psychology 5 2 99 108 10.1177/009579847900500204
    • (1979) The Journal of Black Psychology , vol.5 , pp. 99-108
    • Harrell, J.P.1
  • 51
    • 0033966243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multidimensional conceptualization of racism-related stress: Implications for the well-being of people of color
    • 1. 10.1037/h0087722
    • SP Harrell 2000 A multidimensional conceptualization of racism-related stress: Implications for the well-being of people of color The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 70 1 42 57 10.1037/h0087722
    • (2000) The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , vol.70 , pp. 42-57
    • Harrell, S.P.1
  • 52
    • 0037311308 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological responses to racism and discrimination: An assessment of the evidence
    • 2
    • JP Harrell S Hall J Taliaferro 2003 Physiological responses to racism and discrimination: An assessment of the evidence American Journal of Public Health 93 2 243 248
    • (2003) American Journal of Public Health , vol.93 , pp. 243-248
    • Harrell, J.P.1    Hall, S.2    Taliaferro, J.3
  • 54
    • 0018176736 scopus 로고
    • The relationship of psychosocial factors to coronary heart disease in the Framingham study: I. Methods and risk factors
    • S Haynes S Levine M Scotch F Manning W Kannel 1978 The relationship of psychosocial factors to coronary heart disease in the Framingham study: I. Methods and risk factors American Journal of Epidemiology 107 362 383
    • (1978) American Journal of Epidemiology , vol.107 , pp. 362-383
    • Haynes, S.1    Levine, S.2    Scotch, M.3    Manning, F.4    Kannel, W.5
  • 56
    • 0018777479 scopus 로고
    • Impact of events scale: A measure of subjective stress
    • 3
    • M Horowitz H Wilner W Alvarez 1979 Impact of events scale: A measure of subjective stress Psychosomatic Medicine 41 3 209 218
    • (1979) Psychosomatic Medicine , vol.41 , pp. 209-218
    • Horowitz, M.1    Wilner, H.2    Alvarez, W.3
  • 57
    • 33748770347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Parents' ethnic-racial socialization practices: A review of research and directions for future study
    • 5. 10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.747
    • D Hughes J Rodriguez EP Smith DJ Johnson HC Stevenson P Spicer 2006 Parents' ethnic-racial socialization practices: A review of research and directions for future study Developmental Psychology 42 5 747 770 10.1037/0012-1649.42.5.747
    • (2006) Developmental Psychology , vol.42 , pp. 747-770
    • Hughes, D.1    Rodriguez, J.2    Smith, E.P.3    Johnson, D.J.4    Stevenson, H.C.5    Spicer, P.6
  • 58
    • 33846818468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resisting prejudice every day: Exploring women's assertive responses to anti-black racism, anti-semitism, heterosexism, and sexism
    • 1-2. 10.1007/s11199-006-9142-8
    • LL Hyers 2007 Resisting prejudice every day: Exploring women's assertive responses to anti-black racism, anti-semitism, heterosexism, and sexism Sex Roles 56 1-2 1 12 10.1007/s11199-006-9142-8
    • (2007) Sex Roles , vol.56 , pp. 1-12
    • Hyers, L.L.1
  • 61
    • 0033943303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levels of racism: A theoretic framework and a gardener's tale
    • 8. 10.2105/AJPH.90.8.1212
    • CP Jones 2000 Levels of racism: A theoretic framework and a gardener's tale American Journal of Public Health 90 8 1212 1215 10.2105/AJPH.90.8.1212
    • (2000) American Journal of Public Health , vol.90 , pp. 1212-1215
    • Jones, C.P.1
  • 62
    • 34547473607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (Close) distance makes the heart grow fonder: Improving implicit racial attitudes and interracial interactions through approach behaviors
    • 6. 10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.957
    • K Kawakami CE Phills JR Steele JF Dovidio 2007 (Close) distance makes the heart grow fonder: Improving implicit racial attitudes and interracial interactions through approach behaviors Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 92 6 957 971 10.1037/0022-3514.92.6.957
    • (2007) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.92 , pp. 957-971
    • Kawakami, K.1    Phills, C.E.2    Steele, J.R.3    Dovidio, J.F.4
  • 63
    • 0033195267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence, distribution, and mental health correlates of perceived discrimination in the United States
    • 3. 10.2307/2676349
    • RC Kessler KD Mickelson DR Williams 1999 The prevalence, distribution, and mental health correlates of perceived discrimination in the United States Journal of Health and Social Behavior 40 3 208 230 10.2307/2676349
    • (1999) Journal of Health and Social Behavior , vol.40 , pp. 208-230
    • Kessler, R.C.1    Mickelson, K.D.2    Williams, D.R.3
  • 64
    • 0025370170 scopus 로고
    • Racial and gender discrimination: Risk factors for high blood pressure?
    • 12. 10.1016/0277-9536(90)90307-E
    • N Krieger 1990 Racial and gender discrimination: Risk factors for high blood pressure? Social Science and Medicine 30 12 1273 1281 10.1016/0277- 9536(90)90307-E
    • (1990) Social Science and Medicine , vol.30 , pp. 1273-1281
    • Krieger, N.1
  • 65
    • 0032992598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embodying inequality: A review of concepts, measures, and methods for studying health consequences of discrimination
    • 10.2190/M11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q
    • N Krieger 1999 Embodying inequality: A review of concepts, measures, and methods for studying health consequences of discrimination International Journal of Health Services 29 295 352 10.2190/M11W-VWXE-KQM9-G97Q
    • (1999) International Journal of Health Services , vol.29 , pp. 295-352
    • Krieger, N.1
  • 66
    • 0029958092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial discrimination and blood pressure: The CARDIA study of young black and white adults
    • 10. 10.2105/AJPH.86.10.1370
    • N Krieger S Sidney 1996 Racial discrimination and blood pressure: The CARDIA study of young black and white adults American Journal of Public Health 86 10 1370 1378 10.2105/AJPH.86.10.1370
    • (1996) American Journal of Public Health , vol.86 , pp. 1370-1378
    • Krieger, N.1    Sidney, S.2
  • 67
    • 84986358716 scopus 로고
    • Preferred responses to situations of housing and employment discrimination
    • 12. 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1995.tb00620.x
    • RN Lalonde S Majumder RD Parris 1995 Preferred responses to situations of housing and employment discrimination Journal of Applied Social Psychology 25 12 1105 1119 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1995.tb00620.x
    • (1995) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.25 , pp. 1105-1119
    • Lalonde, R.N.1    Majumder, S.2    Parris, R.D.3
  • 68
    • 34247680701 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The schedule of racist events: A measure of racial discrimination and a study of its negative physical and mental health consequences
    • 10.1177/00957984960222002
    • H Landrine EA Klonoff 1996 The schedule of racist events: A measure of racial discrimination and a study of its negative physical and mental health consequences The Journal of Black Psychology 22 144 168 10.1177/ 00957984960222002
    • (1996) The Journal of Black Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 144-168
    • Landrine, H.1    Klonoff, E.A.2
  • 69
    • 0034204143 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward better research on stress and coping
    • 10.1037/0003-066X.55.6.665
    • RS Lazarus 2000 Toward better research on stress and coping The American Psychologist 55 665 673 10.1037/0003-066X.55.6.665
    • (2000) The American Psychologist , vol.55 , pp. 665-673
    • Lazarus, R.S.1
  • 70
    • 0038626725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do ethnic identity and other-group orientation protect against discrimination for Asian Americans?
    • 2. 10.1037/0022-0167.50.2.133
    • RM Lee 2003 Do ethnic identity and other-group orientation protect against discrimination for Asian Americans? Journal of Counseling Psychology 50 2 133 141 10.1037/0022-0167.50.2.133
    • (2003) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.50 , pp. 133-141
    • Lee, R.M.1
  • 71
    • 12344305211 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resilience against discrimination: Ethnic identity and other-group orientation as protective factors for Korean Americans
    • 1. 10.1037/0022-0167.52.1.36
    • RM Lee 2005 Resilience against discrimination: Ethnic identity and other-group orientation as protective factors for Korean Americans Journal of Counseling Psychology 52 1 36 44 10.1037/0022-0167.52.1.36
    • (2005) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.52 , pp. 36-44
    • Lee, R.M.1
  • 72
    • 58049108228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social constraints on disclosure and adjustment to cancer
    • 1. 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00013.x
    • S Lepore TA Revenson 2007 Social constraints on disclosure and adjustment to cancer Social and Personality Psychology Compass 1 1 313 333 10.1111/j.1751-9004.2007.00013.x
    • (2007) Social and Personality Psychology Compass , vol.1 , pp. 313-333
    • Lepore, S.1    Revenson, T.A.2
  • 73
    • 33746051379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic exposure to everyday discrimination and coronary artery calcification in African-American women: The SWAN heart study
    • 3. 10.1097/01.psy.0000221360.94700.16
    • TT Lewis SA Everson-Rose LH Powell KA Matthews C Brown K Karavolos 2006 Chronic exposure to everyday discrimination and coronary artery calcification in African-American women: The SWAN heart study Psychosomatic Medicine 68 3 362 368 10.1097/01.psy.0000221360.94700.16
    • (2006) Psychosomatic Medicine , vol.68 , pp. 362-368
    • Lewis, T.T.1    Everson-Rose, S.A.2    Powell, L.H.3    Matthews, K.A.4    Brown, C.5    Karavolos, K.6
  • 74
    • 33747510385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racism-related stress, Africultural coping, and religious problem-solving among African Americans
    • 3. 10.1037/1099-9809.12.3.433
    • MEL Lewis-Coles MG Constantine 2006 Racism-related stress, Africultural coping, and religious problem-solving among African Americans Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology 12 3 433 443 10.1037/1099-9809.12.3.433
    • (2006) Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology , vol.12 , pp. 433-443
    • Lewis-Coles, M.E.L.1    Constantine, M.G.2
  • 75
    • 14844312120 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Why does social exclusion hurt? the relationship between social and physical pain
    • 2. 10.1037/0033-2909.131.2.202
    • G MacDonald MR Leary 2005 Why does social exclusion hurt? The relationship between social and physical pain Psychological Bulletin 131 2 202 223 10.1037/0033-2909.131.2.202
    • (2005) Psychological Bulletin , vol.131 , pp. 202-223
    • MacDonald, G.1    Leary, M.R.2
  • 76
    • 33847072298 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race, race-based discrimination and health outcomes among African Americans
    • 10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190212
    • VM Mays SD Cochran NW Barnes 2007 Race, race-based discrimination and health outcomes among African Americans Annual Review of Psychology 58 201 225 10.1146/annurev.psych.57.102904.190212
    • (2007) Annual Review of Psychology , vol.58 , pp. 201-225
    • Mays, V.M.1    Cochran, S.D.2    Barnes, N.W.3
  • 77
    • 0030177151 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived race-based discrimination, employment status, and job stress in a national sample of black women: Implications for health outcomes
    • 10.1037/1076-8998.1.3.319
    • VM Mays LM Coleman JS Jackson 1996 Perceived race-based discrimination, employment status, and job stress in a national sample of black women: Implications for health outcomes Journal of Occupational Health Psychology 1 319 329 10.1037/1076-8998.1.3.319
    • (1996) Journal of Occupational Health Psychology , vol.1 , pp. 319-329
    • Mays, V.M.1    Coleman, L.M.2    Jackson, J.S.3
  • 78
    • 0038745524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allostatic load: When protection gives way to damage
    • 1
    • B McEwen EN Lasley 2003 Allostatic load: When protection gives way to damage Advances in Mind-Body Medicine 19 1 28 33
    • (2003) Advances in Mind-Body Medicine , vol.19 , pp. 28-33
    • McEwen, B.1    Lasley, E.N.2
  • 79
    • 58249117206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Allostatic load: When protection gives way to damage
    • Praeger Publishers/Greenwood Publishing Group Westport, CT
    • McEwen, B., & Lasley, E. N. (2007). Allostatic load: When protection gives way to damage. In A. Monat, R. S. Lazarus, & G. Reevy (Eds.), The Praeger handbook on stress and coping (Vol. 1, pp. 99-109). Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers/Greenwood Publishing Group.
    • (2007) The Praeger Handbook on Stress and Coping , vol.1 , pp. 99-109
    • McEwen, B.1    Lasley, E.N.2    Monat, A.3    Lazarus, R.S.4    Reevy, G.5
  • 82
    • 0842333930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Responses to racism: A taxonomy of coping styles used by aboriginal Australians
    • 1. 10.1037/0002-9432.74.1.56
    • D Mellor 2004 Responses to racism: A taxonomy of coping styles used by aboriginal Australians The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry 74 1 56 71 10.1037/0002-9432.74.1.56
    • (2004) The American Journal of Orthopsychiatry , vol.74 , pp. 56-71
    • Mellor, D.1
  • 84
    • 0642365185 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coping with perceived discrimination: Does ethnic identity protect mental health?
    • 3. 10.2307/1519782
    • KN Mossakowski 2003 Coping with perceived discrimination: Does ethnic identity protect mental health? Journal of Health and Social Behavior 44 3 318 331 10.2307/1519782
    • (2003) Journal of Health and Social Behavior , vol.44 , pp. 318-331
    • Mossakowski, K.N.1
  • 85
    • 0033193398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived racial discrimination, depression, and coping: A study of Southeast Asian refugees in Canada
    • 10.2307/2676348
    • S Noh M Beiser V Kaspar F Hou J Rummens 1999 Perceived racial discrimination, depression, and coping: A study of Southeast Asian refugees in Canada Journal of Health and Social Behavior 40 193 207 10.2307/2676348
    • (1999) Journal of Health and Social Behavior , vol.40 , pp. 193-207
    • Noh, S.1    Beiser, M.2    Kaspar, V.3    Hou, F.4    Rummens, J.5
  • 86
    • 0037311364 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceived discrimination and depression: Moderating effects of coping, acculturation and ethnic support
    • 2
    • S Noh V Kaspar 2003 Perceived discrimination and depression: Moderating effects of coping, acculturation and ethnic support American Journal of Public Health 93 2 232 238
    • (2003) American Journal of Public Health , vol.93 , pp. 232-238
    • Noh, S.1    Kaspar, V.2
  • 87
    • 0032381401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring depression in Korean immigrants: Assessing validity of the translated Korean version of the CES-D scale
    • 4. 10.1177/106939719803200403
    • S Noh V Kasper X Chen 1998 Measuring depression in Korean immigrants: Assessing validity of the translated Korean version of the CES-D scale Cross-Cultural Research: The Journal of Comparative Social Science 32 4 358 377 10.1177/106939719803200403
    • (1998) Cross-Cultural Research: The Journal of Comparative Social Science , vol.32 , pp. 358-377
    • Noh, S.1    Kasper, V.2    Chen, X.3
  • 88
    • 0027672392 scopus 로고
    • Stress and coping: The influence of racism on the cognitive appraisal processing of African-Americans
    • 10.3109/01612849309006902
    • FH Outlaw 1993 Stress and coping: The influence of racism on the cognitive appraisal processing of African-Americans Issues in Mental Health Nursing 14 399 409 10.3109/01612849309006902
    • (1993) Issues in Mental Health Nursing , vol.14 , pp. 399-409
    • Outlaw, F.H.1
  • 90
    • 84892989898 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The possible selves of diverse adolescents: Content and function across gender, race and national origin
    • Nova Science Publishers Hauppauge, NY
    • Oyserman, D., & Fryberg, S. (2006). The possible selves of diverse adolescents: Content and function across gender, race and national origin. In C. Dunkel & J. Kerpelman (Eds.), Possible selves: Theory, research and applications (pp. 17-39). Hauppauge, NY: Nova Science Publishers.
    • (2006) Possible Selves: Theory, Research and Applications , pp. 17-39
    • Oyserman, D.1    Fryberg, S.2    Dunkel, C.3    Kerpelman, J.4
  • 93
    • 33745837607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review of empirical research on self-reported racism and health
    • 10.1093/ije/dyl056
    • Y Paradies 2006 A systematic review of empirical research on self-reported racism and health International Journal of Epidemiology 35 888 901 10.1093/ije/dyl056
    • (2006) International Journal of Epidemiology , vol.35 , pp. 888-901
    • Paradies, Y.1
  • 94
    • 4644279889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racism and hypertension among African Americans
    • 6. 10.1177/0193945904265816
    • RM Peters 2004 Racism and hypertension Among African Americans Western Journal of Nursing Research 26 6 612 631 10.1177/0193945904265816
    • (2004) Western Journal of Nursing Research , vol.26 , pp. 612-631
    • Peters, R.M.1
  • 95
    • 0025516399 scopus 로고
    • Ethnic identity in adolescents and adults: Review of research
    • 3. 10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.499
    • JS Phinney 1990 Ethnic identity in adolescents and adults: Review of research Psychological Bulletin 108 3 499 514 10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.499
    • (1990) Psychological Bulletin , vol.108 , pp. 499-514
    • Phinney, J.S.1
  • 96
    • 84965520988 scopus 로고
    • The multigroup ethnic identity measure: A new scale for use with diverse groups
    • 10.1177/074355489272003
    • JS Phinney 1992 The multigroup ethnic identity measure: A new scale for use with diverse groups Journal of Adolescent Research 7 156 176 10.1177/074355489272003
    • (1992) Journal of Adolescent Research , vol.7 , pp. 156-176
    • Phinney, J.S.1
  • 97
    • 0013631794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • When we talk about American ethnic groups, what do we mean?
    • 10.1037/0003-066X.51.9.918
    • JS Phinney 1996 When we talk about American ethnic groups, what do we mean? The American Psychologist 51 918 927 10.1037/0003-066X.51.9.918
    • (1996) The American Psychologist , vol.51 , pp. 918-927
    • Phinney, J.S.1
  • 98
    • 0035168204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic identity, immigration and well-being: An interactional perspective
    • 3. 10.1111/0022-4537.00225
    • JS Phinney G Horenczyk K Liebkind P Vedder 2001 Ethnic identity, immigration and well-being: An interactional perspective The Journal of Social Issues 57 3 493 510 10.1111/0022-4537.00225
    • (2001) The Journal of Social Issues , vol.57 , pp. 493-510
    • Phinney, J.S.1    Horenczyk, G.2    Liebkind, K.3    Vedder, P.4
  • 99
    • 34548825393 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conceptualization and measurement of ethnic identity: Current status and future directions
    • 3. 10.1037/0022-0167.54.3.271
    • JS Phinney AD Ong 2007 Conceptualization and measurement of ethnic identity: Current status and future directions Journal of Counseling Psychology 54 3 271 281 10.1037/0022-0167.54.3.271
    • (2007) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 271-281
    • Phinney, J.S.1    Ong, A.D.2
  • 100
    • 0001750792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patterns of coping in racially stressful situations
    • 3. 10.1177/00957984960223002
    • DL Plummer S Slane 1996 Patterns of coping in racially stressful situations The Journal of Black Psychology 22 3 302 315 10.1177/ 00957984960223002
    • (1996) The Journal of Black Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 302-315
    • Plummer, D.L.1    Slane, S.2
  • 101
    • 34548812558 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial and ethnic identity: Developmental perspectives and research
    • 3. 10.1037/0022-0167.54.3.259
    • SM Quintana 2007 Racial and ethnic identity: Developmental perspectives and research Journal of Counseling Psychology 54 3 259 270 10.1037/0022-0167.54. 3.259
    • (2007) Journal of Counseling Psychology , vol.54 , pp. 259-270
    • Quintana, S.M.1
  • 102
    • 84965520932 scopus 로고
    • The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population
    • 3. 10.1177/014662167700100306
    • LS Radloff 1977 The CES-D scale: A self-report depression scale for research in the general population Applied Psychological Measurement 1 3 385 401 10.1177/014662167700100306
    • (1977) Applied Psychological Measurement , vol.1 , pp. 385-401
    • Radloff, L.S.1
  • 103
    • 14944354082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Brief report: Thin slices of racial bias
    • 1. 10.1007/s10919-004-0890-2
    • JA Richeson NJ Shelton 2005 Brief report: Thin slices of racial bias Journal of Nonverbal Behavior 29 1 75 86 10.1007/s10919-004-0890-2
    • (2005) Journal of Nonverbal Behavior , vol.29 , pp. 75-86
    • Richeson, J.A.1    Shelton, N.J.2
  • 105
    • 1042268217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of multiple dimensions of ethnic identity on discrimination and adolescents' self-esteem
    • 11. 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2003.tb01885.x
    • AJ Romero RE Roberts 2003 The impact of multiple dimensions of ethnic identity on discrimination and adolescents' self-esteem Journal of Applied Social Psychology 33 11 2288 2305 10.1111/j.1559-1816.2003.tb01885.x
    • (2003) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.33 , pp. 2288-2305
    • Romero, A.J.1    Roberts, R.E.2
  • 109
    • 33745645398 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrimination, symptoms of depression, and self-rated health among African American women in Detroit: Results from a longitudinal analysis
    • 7. 10.2105/AJPH.2005.064543
    • AJ Schulz CC Gravlee DR Williams BA Israel G Mentz Z Rowe 2006 Discrimination, symptoms of depression, and self-rated health among African American women in Detroit: Results from a longitudinal analysis American Journal of Public Health 96 7 1265 1270 10.2105/AJPH.2005.064543
    • (2006) American Journal of Public Health , vol.96 , pp. 1265-1270
    • Schulz, A.J.1    Gravlee, C.C.2    Williams, D.R.3    Israel, B.A.4    Mentz, G.5    Rowe, Z.6
  • 110
    • 3142669440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relation of racial identity and racial socialization to coping with discrimination among African American adolescents
    • 4. 10.1177/0021934702250035
    • LD Scott Jr 2003 The relation of racial identity and racial socialization to coping with discrimination among African American adolescents Journal of Black Studies 33 4 520 538 10.1177/0021934702250035
    • (2003) Journal of Black Studies , vol.33 , pp. 520-538
    • Scott Jr, L.D.1
  • 111
    • 1842608976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlates of coping with perceived discriminatory experiences among African American adolescents
    • 2. 10.1016/j.adolescence.2003.11.005
    • LD Scott Jr 2004 Correlates of coping with perceived discriminatory experiences among African American adolescents Journal of Adolescence 27 2 123 137 10.1016/j.adolescence.2003.11.005
    • (2004) Journal of Adolescence , vol.27 , pp. 123-137
    • Scott Jr, L.D.1
  • 112
    • 23844496721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of distress and perceived control to coping with perceived racial discrimination among black youth
    • 3. 10.1177/0095798405278494
    • LD Scott Jr LE House 2005 Relationship of distress and perceived control to coping with perceived racial discrimination among black youth The Journal of Black Psychology 31 3 254 272 10.1177/0095798405278494
    • (2005) The Journal of Black Psychology , vol.31 , pp. 254-272
    • Scott Jr, L.D.1    House, L.E.2
  • 113
    • 0642334584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial identity racial discrimination, perceived stress, and psychological distress among African American young adults
    • 3. 10.2307/1519781
    • RM Sellers CH Caldwell KH Schmeelk-Cone MA Zimmerman 2003 Racial identity racial discrimination, perceived stress, and psychological distress among African American young adults Journal of Health and Social Behavior 44 3 302 317 10.2307/1519781
    • (2003) Journal of Health and Social Behavior , vol.44 , pp. 302-317
    • Sellers, R.M.1    Caldwell, C.H.2    Schmeelk-Cone, K.H.3    Zimmerman, M.A.4
  • 114
    • 33646199009 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial identity matters: The relationship between racial discrimination and psychological functioning in African American adolescents
    • 2. 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2006.00128.x
    • RM Sellers N Copeland-Linder PP Martin RL Lewis 2006 Racial identity matters: The relationship between racial discrimination and psychological functioning in African American adolescents Journal of Research on Adolescence 16 2 187 216 10.1111/j.1532-7795.2006.00128.x
    • (2006) Journal of Research on Adolescence , vol.16 , pp. 187-216
    • Sellers, R.M.1    Copeland-Linder, N.2    Martin, P.P.3    Lewis, R.L.4
  • 115
    • 0031515523 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidimensional inventory of black identity: A preliminary investigation of reliability and constuct validity
    • 4. 10.1037/0022-3514.73.4.805
    • RM Sellers SAJ Rowley TM Chavous NJ Shelton MA Smith 1997 Multidimensional inventory of black identity: A preliminary investigation of reliability and constuct validity Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 73 4 805 815 10.1037/0022-3514.73.4.805
    • (1997) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.73 , pp. 805-815
    • Sellers, R.M.1    Rowley, S.A.J.2    Chavous, T.M.3    Shelton, N.J.4    Smith, M.A.5
  • 116
    • 0141642018 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of racial identity in perceived racial discrimination
    • 5. 10.1037/0022-3514.84.5.1079
    • RM Sellers NJ Shelton 2003 The role of racial identity in perceived racial discrimination Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 84 5 1079 1092 10.1037/0022-3514.84.5.1079
    • (2003) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.84 , pp. 1079-1092
    • Sellers, R.M.1    Shelton, N.J.2
  • 117
  • 118
    • 25444435039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple resistance strategies: How African American women cope with racism and sexism
    • 3. 10.1177/0095798404266050
    • K Shorter-Gooden 2004 Multiple resistance strategies: How African American women cope with racism and sexism The Journal of Black Psychology 30 3 406 425 10.1177/0095798404266050
    • (2004) The Journal of Black Psychology , vol.30 , pp. 406-425
    • Shorter-Gooden, K.1
  • 119
    • 0022747626 scopus 로고
    • The multidimensional anger inventory
    • 1. 10.1037/0022-3514.51.1.191
    • JM Siegel 1986 The multidimensional anger inventory Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51 1 191 200 10.1037/0022-3514.51.1.191
    • (1986) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 191-200
    • Siegel, J.M.1
  • 120
    • 0038143345 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Searching for the structure of coping: A review and critique of category systems for classifying ways of coping
    • 2. 10.1037/0033-2909.129.2.216
    • EA Skinner K Edge J Altman H Sherwood 2003 Searching for the structure of coping: A review and critique of category systems for classifying ways of coping Psychological Bulletin 129 2 216 10.1037/0033-2909.129.2.216
    • (2003) Psychological Bulletin , vol.129 , pp. 216
    • Skinner, E.A.1    Edge, K.2    Altman, J.3    Sherwood, H.4
  • 121
    • 84948973431 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Toward a social psychophysiology of cardiovascular reactivity: Interpersonal concepts and methods in the study of stress and coronary disease
    • Blackwell Malden, MA
    • Smith, T. W., Gallo, L. C., & Ruiz, J. M. (2003). Toward a social psychophysiology of cardiovascular reactivity: Interpersonal concepts and methods in the study of stress and coronary disease. In J. Suls & K. Wallston (Eds.), Social psychological foundations of health and illness (pp. 335-366). Malden, MA: Blackwell.
    • (2003) Social Psychological Foundations of Health and Illness , pp. 335-366
    • Smith, T.W.1    Gallo, L.C.2    Ruiz, J.M.3    Suls, J.4    Wallston, K.5
  • 123
    • 0000847414 scopus 로고
    • The experience and expression of anger: Construction and validation of an anger expression scale
    • M. A. Chesney & R. H. Rosenman (Eds.) Washington, DC: Hemisphere
    • Spielberger, C. D., Johnson, E., Russell, S., Crane, R., Jacobs, G., & Worden, T. (1985). The experience and expression of anger: Construction and validation of an anger expression scale. In M. A. Chesney & R. H. Rosenman (Eds.), Anger and hostility in cardiovascular and behavioral disorders (pp. 5-30). Washington, DC: Hemisphere.
    • (1985) Anger and Hostility in Cardiovascular and Behavioral Disorders , pp. 5-30
    • Spielberger, C.D.1    Johnson, E.2    Russell, S.3    Crane, R.4    Jacobs, G.5    Worden, T.6
  • 124
    • 0031155092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance
    • 6. 10.1037/0003-066X.52.6.613
    • CM Steele 1997 A threat in the air: How stereotypes shape intellectual identity and performance The American Psychologist 52 6 613 629 10.1037/0003-066X.52.6.613
    • (1997) The American Psychologist , vol.52 , pp. 613-629
    • Steele, C.M.1
  • 125
    • 33744998696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep disturbance mediates the relationship between perceived racism and depressive symptoms
    • 1
    • PR Steffen M Bowden 2006 Sleep disturbance mediates the relationship between perceived racism and depressive symptoms Ethnicity and Disease 16 1 16 21
    • (2006) Ethnicity and Disease , vol.16 , pp. 16-21
    • Steffen, P.R.1    Bowden, M.2
  • 126
    • 0141857894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of perceived racism and anger inhibition on ambulatory blood pressure in African Americans
    • 5. 10.1097/01.PSY.0000079380.95903.78
    • PR Steffen MD McNeilly N Anderson A Sherwood 2003 Effects of perceived racism and anger inhibition on ambulatory blood pressure in African Americans Psychosomatic Medicine 65 5 746 750 10.1097/01.PSY.0000079380.95903.78
    • (2003) Psychosomatic Medicine , vol.65 , pp. 746-750
    • Steffen, P.R.1    McNeilly, M.D.2    Anderson, N.3    Sherwood, A.4
  • 127
    • 84965484139 scopus 로고
    • Validation of the scale of racial socialization for African American adolescents: Steps toward multidimensionality
    • 4. 10.1177/00957984940204005
    • HC Stevenson 1994 Validation of the scale of racial socialization for African American adolescents: Steps toward multidimensionality The Journal of Black Psychology 20 4 445 468 10.1177/00957984940204005
    • (1994) The Journal of Black Psychology , vol.20 , pp. 445-468
    • Stevenson, H.C.1
  • 128
    • 0141623682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development of the teenager experience of racial socialization scale: Correlates of race-related socialization frequency from the perspective of black youth
    • 2. 10.1177/0095798402028002002
    • HC Stevenson Jr R Cameron T Herrero-Taylor GY Davis 2002 Development of the teenager experience of racial socialization scale: Correlates of race-related socialization frequency from the perspective of black youth The Journal of Black Psychology 28 2 84 106 10.1177/0095798402028002002
    • (2002) The Journal of Black Psychology , vol.28 , pp. 84-106
    • Stevenson Jr, H.C.1    Cameron, R.2    Herrero-Taylor, T.3    Davis, G.Y.4
  • 129
    • 4143067895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Psychophysiological responses to anger provocation among Asian Indian and White men
    • 2. 10.1207/s15327558ijbm1102-2
    • S Suchday KT Larkin 2004 Psychophysiological responses to anger provocation among Asian Indian and White men International Journal of Behavioral Medicine 11 2 71 80 10.1207/s15327558ijbm1102-2
    • (2004) International Journal of Behavioral Medicine , vol.11 , pp. 71-80
    • Suchday, S.1    Larkin, K.T.2
  • 130
    • 3242782498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • African American college students' experiences with everyday racism: Characteristics of and responses to these incidents
    • 1. 10.1177/0095798402239228
    • JK Swim LL Hyers LL Cohen DC Fitzgerald WH Bylsma 2003 African American college students' experiences with everyday racism: Characteristics of and responses to these incidents The Journal of Black Psychology 29 1 38 67 10.1177/0095798402239228
    • (2003) The Journal of Black Psychology , vol.29 , pp. 38-67
    • Swim, J.K.1    Hyers, L.L.2    Cohen, L.L.3    Fitzgerald, D.C.4    Bylsma, W.H.5
  • 131
    • 0347927252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of social support and problematic support on optimism and depression in chronic illness: A prospective study evaluating self-esteem as a mediator
    • 2. 10.1037/0278-6133.22.2.123
    • P Symister R Friend 2003 The influence of social support and problematic support on optimism and depression in chronic illness: A prospective study evaluating self-esteem as a mediator Health Psychology 22 2 123 129 10.1037/0278-6133.22.2.123
    • (2003) Health Psychology , vol.22 , pp. 123-129
    • Symister, P.1    Friend, R.2
  • 132
    • 0000269844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measuring black internalization of white stereotypes about African Americans:The Nadanolitization Scale
    • Cobb & Henry Hampton, VA
    • Taylor, J., & Grundy, C. (1996). Measuring black internalization of white stereotypes about African Americans:The Nadanolitization Scale. In R. L. Jones (Ed.), The handbook of tests and measurements for black populations (pp. 217-226). Hampton, VA: Cobb & Henry.
    • (1996) The Handbook of Tests and Measurements for Black Populations , pp. 217-226
    • Taylor, J.1    Grundy, C.2    Jones, R.L.3
  • 133
    • 0036254245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The association between racial identity and hypertension in African-American adults: Elevated resting and ambulatory blood pressure as outcomes
    • HS Thompson TW Kamarck SB Manuck 2002 The association between racial identity and hypertension in African-American adults: elevated resting and ambulatory blood pressure as outcomes Ethnicity and Disease 12 20 28
    • (2002) Ethnicity and Disease , vol.12 , pp. 20-28
    • Thompson, H.S.1    Kamarck, T.W.2    Manuck, S.B.3
  • 134
    • 0007952910 scopus 로고
    • The empirical characteristics of the multidimensional racial identification scale. Revised
    • 10.1006/jrpe.1995.1012
    • VL Thompson Sanders 1995 The empirical characteristics of the multidimensional racial identification scale. Revised Journal of Research in Personality 29 208 222 10.1006/jrpe.1995.1012
    • (1995) Journal of Research in Personality , vol.29 , pp. 208-222
    • Thompson Sanders, V.L.1
  • 135
    • 33645720242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coping responses and the experience of discrimination
    • 5. 10.1111/j.0021-9029.2006.00038.x
    • VL Thompson Sanders 2006 Coping responses and the experience of discrimination Journal of Applied Social Psychology 36 5 1198 1214 10.1111/j.0021-9029.2006.00038.x
    • (2006) Journal of Applied Social Psychology , vol.36 , pp. 1198-1214
    • Thompson Sanders, V.L.1
  • 136
    • 0034280469 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between the internalization theme of racial identity attitude survey-B and systolic blood pressure
    • Torres, A., & Bowens, L. (2000). Correlation between the internalization theme of racial identity attitude survey-B and systolic blood pressure. Ethnicity & Disease, 10(3), 375-383.
    • (2000) Ethnicity & Disease , vol.10 , Issue.3 , pp. 375-383
    • Torres, A.1    Bowens, L.2
  • 137
    • 13444269048 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationships between perceived stress, coping behavior and cortisol secretion in women with high and low levels of internalized racism
    • 2
    • ES Tull Y-T Sheu C Butler K Cornelious 2005 Relationships between perceived stress, coping behavior and cortisol secretion in women with high and low levels of internalized racism Journal of the National Medical Association 97 2 206 212
    • (2005) Journal of the National Medical Association , vol.97 , pp. 206-212
    • Tull, E.S.1    Sheu, Y.-T.2    Butler, C.3    Cornelious, K.4
  • 138
    • 33746504494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social support and health: A review of physiological processes potentially underlying links to disease outcomes
    • 4. 10.1007/s10865-006-9056-5
    • BN Uchino 2006 Social support and health: A review of physiological processes potentially underlying links to disease outcomes Journal of Behavioral Medicine 29 4 377 387 10.1007/s10865-006-9056-5
    • (2006) Journal of Behavioral Medicine , vol.29 , pp. 377-387
    • Uchino, B.N.1
  • 139
    • 84990323741 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and initial validation of the Africultural coping systems inventory
    • 2. 10.1177/0095798400026002005
    • SO Utsey EP Adams M Bolden 2000 Development and initial validation of the Africultural coping systems inventory The Journal of Black Psychology 26 2 194 215 10.1177/0095798400026002005
    • (2000) The Journal of Black Psychology , vol.26 , pp. 194-215
    • Utsey, S.O.1    Adams, E.P.2    Bolden, M.3
  • 141
    • 0036828217 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of ethnic group membership on ethnic identity, race-related stress and quality of life
    • 4. 10.1037/1099-9809.8.4.367
    • SO Utsey MH Chae CF Brown D Kelly 2002 Effect of ethnic group membership on ethnic identity, race-related stress and quality of life Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology 8 4 366 377 10.1037/1099-9809.8.4.367
    • (2002) Cultural Diversity & Ethnic Minority Psychology , vol.8 , pp. 366-377
    • Utsey, S.O.1    Chae, M.H.2    Brown, C.F.3    Kelly, D.4
  • 142
    • 0020841184 scopus 로고
    • The structure of psychological distress and well-being in general populations
    • 5. 10.1037/0022-006X.51.5.730
    • CT Veit JE Ware 1983 The structure of psychological distress and well-being in general populations Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 51 5 730 742 10.1037/0022-006X.51.5.730
    • (1983) Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology , vol.51 , pp. 730-742
    • Veit, C.T.1    Ware, J.E.2
  • 144
    • 0033767815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racism and mental health: The African American experience
    • 10.1080/713667453
    • DR Williams R Williams-Morris 2000 Racism and mental health: The African American experience Ethnicity & Health 5 243 268 10.1080/713667453
    • (2000) Ethnicity & Health , vol.5 , pp. 243-268
    • Williams, D.R.1    Williams-Morris, R.2
  • 145
    • 0030811247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial differences in physical and mental health: Socio-economic status, stress and discrimination
    • 3. 10.1177/135910539700200305
    • DR Williams Y Yu JS Jackson NB Anderson 1997 Racial differences in physical and mental health: Socio-economic status, stress and discrimination Journal of Health Psychology 2 3 335 351 10.1177/135910539700200305
    • (1997) Journal of Health Psychology , vol.2 , pp. 335-351
    • Williams, D.R.1    Yu, Y.2    Jackson, J.S.3    Anderson, N.B.4
  • 146
    • 0344719419 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of ethnic discrimination and ethnic identification on African American adolescents' school and socioemotional adjustment
    • 6. 10.1111/1467-6494.7106012
    • CA Wong JS Eccles A Sameroff 2003 The influence of ethnic discrimination and ethnic identification on African American adolescents' school and socioemotional adjustment Journal of Personality 71 6 1197 1232 10.1111/1467-6494.7106012
    • (2003) Journal of Personality , vol.71 , pp. 1197-1232
    • Wong, C.A.1    Eccles, J.S.2    Sameroff, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.