메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 206, Issue 1, 2009, Pages 17-21

Qat and its health effects

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; CATHA EDULIS; HUMAN; LEUKOPLAKIA; MICRONUCLEUS; MOUTH TUMOR; PERIODONTITIS; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA; UNITED KINGDOM;

EID: 58149490928     PISSN: 00070610     EISSN: 17417503     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2008.1122     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (36)

References (55)
  • 2
    • 9144272266 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for oral and pharyngeal cancer in young adults
    • Rodriguez T, Altieri A, Chatenoud L, Gallus S et al. Risk factors for oral and pharyngeal cancer in young adults. Oral Oncol 2004; 40: 207-213.
    • (2004) Oral Oncol , vol.40 , pp. 207-213
    • Rodriguez, T.1    Altieri, A.2    Chatenoud, L.3    Gallus, S.4
  • 3
  • 4
    • 0026601939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cathinone: A natural amphetamine
    • Kalix P. Cathinone: a natural amphetamine. J Pharmacol Toxicol 192; 70: 77-86.
    • J Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.192 , Issue.70 , pp. 77-86
    • Kalix, P.1
  • 5
    • 0034342923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mechanism of action of cathinone: The active ingredient of qat (Catha edulis)
    • Patel N B. Mechanism of action of cathinone: the active ingredient of qat (Catha edulis). East Afr Med J 2000; 77: 329-332.
    • (2000) East Afr Med J , vol.77 , pp. 329-332
    • Patel, N.B.1
  • 6
    • 51849083002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence, passim
    • WHO Expert Committee on Drug Dependence. World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser 2006; 942: 1-21, 23-24 passim.
    • (2006) World Health Organ Tech Rep Ser , vol.942
  • 7
    • 0347308444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use and perceptions of qat among young Somalis in a UK city
    • Nabuzoka D, Badhade FA. Use and perceptions of qat among young Somalis in a UK city. Addiction Res 2000, 8: 5-26.
    • (2000) Addiction Res , vol.8 , pp. 5-26
    • Nabuzoka, D.1    Badhade, F.A.2
  • 8
    • 0023232372 scopus 로고
    • Importing qat, legal but dangerous (letter)
    • Goudi A J. Importing qat, legal but dangerous (letter). Lancet 1987; ii: 1340-1341.
    • (1987) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1340-1341
    • Goudi, A.J.1
  • 9
    • 34848905300 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qat habit in Yemeni society.A causative factor for oral periodontal diseases
    • Ali A A. Qat habit in Yemeni society.A causative factor for oral periodontal diseases. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2007; 4: 243-247.
    • (2007) Int J Environ Res Public Health , vol.4 , pp. 243-247
    • Ali, A.A.1
  • 10
    • 58149520704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Al-Sharabi A. Oral and para-oral lesions caused by takhzeen (chewing) al-qat. Doctoral thesis. Al-Qattoum, Sudan: Univ Khartoum, 2002.
    • Al-Sharabi A. Oral and para-oral lesions caused by takhzeen (chewing) al-qat. Doctoral thesis. Al-Qattoum, Sudan: Univ Khartoum, 2002.
  • 12
    • 17644426375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of qat chewing on 14 selected periodontal bacteria in sub- and supragingival plaque of a young male population
    • Al-Hebshi N N,Skaug N. Effect of qat chewing on 14 selected periodontal bacteria in sub- and supragingival plaque of a young male population. Oral Microbiol Immunol 2005; 20: 141-146.
    • (2005) Oral Microbiol Immunol , vol.20 , pp. 141-146
    • Al-Hebshi, N.N.1    Skaug, N.2
  • 13
    • 0025477754 scopus 로고
    • The status of periodontal health and oral hygiene of Miraa (Catha edulis) chewers
    • Jorgensen E, Kaimenyi J T. The status of periodontal health and oral hygiene of Miraa (Catha edulis) chewers. East Afr Med J 1990; 67: 585-590.
    • (1990) East Afr Med J , vol.67 , pp. 585-590
    • Jorgensen, E.1    Kaimenyi, J.T.2
  • 14
    • 0343067076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluoride content in qat (Catha edulis) chewing leaves
    • Hattab F N, Angmar-Mansson B. Fluoride content in qat (Catha edulis) chewing leaves. Arch Oral Biol 2000; 45: 253-255.
    • (2000) Arch Oral Biol , vol.45 , pp. 253-255
    • Hattab, F.N.1    Angmar-Mansson, B.2
  • 15
    • 11244285097 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma cell gingivitis apparently related to the use of Khat: Report of a case
    • Marker P, Krogdahl A. Plasma cell gingivitis apparently related to the use of Khat: report of a case. Br Dent J 2002; 192: 311-313.
    • (2002) Br Dent J , vol.192 , pp. 311-313
    • Marker, P.1    Krogdahl, A.2
  • 18
    • 0034208475 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Hajjah, Yemen
    • Nasr A, Qatri M. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Hajjah, Yemen. Saudi Med J 2000; 21: 565-568.
    • (2000) Saudi Med J , vol.21 , pp. 565-568
    • Nasr, A.1    Qatri, M.2
  • 19
    • 34247874492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High relative frequency of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Yemen: Qat and tobacco chewing as its aetiological background
    • Sawair F A, Al-Mutwakel A, Al-Eryani K, Al-Surhy A et al. High relative frequency of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Yemen: qat and tobacco chewing as its aetiological background. Int J Environ Health Res 2007; 17: 185-195.
    • (2007) Int J Environ Health Res , vol.17 , pp. 185-195
    • Sawair, F.A.1    Al-Mutwakel, A.2    Al-Eryani, K.3    Al-Surhy, A.4
  • 20
    • 0029078022 scopus 로고
    • Alcohol, tobacco, diet and the risk of oral cancer: A pooled analysis of three case-controlled studies
    • Macfarlane GJ et al. Alcohol, tobacco, diet and the risk of oral cancer: a pooled analysis of three case-controlled studies. Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol 1995; 31B: 181-187.
    • (1995) Eur J Cancer B Oral Oncol , vol.31 B , pp. 181-187
    • Macfarlane, G.J.1
  • 22
    • 0025321760 scopus 로고
    • Oral cancer in India: An epidemiologic and clinical review
    • Sankaranarayanan R. Oral cancer in India: an epidemiologic and clinical review. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 1990; 69: 325-330.
    • (1990) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol , vol.69 , pp. 325-330
    • Sankaranarayanan, R.1
  • 23
    • 0025198592 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for cancer of the buccal and labial mucosa in Kerala, Southern India
    • Sankaranarayanan R, Duffy S W, Padmakumary G et al. Risk factors for cancer of the buccal and labial mucosa in Kerala, Southern India. J Epidemiol Community Heaith 1990; 44: 286-292.
    • (1990) J Epidemiol Community Heaith , vol.44 , pp. 286-292
    • Sankaranarayanan, R.1    Duffy, S.W.2    Padmakumary, G.3
  • 24
    • 0029383980 scopus 로고
    • The association between oral leukoplakia and use of tobacco, alcohol and qat based on relative risks association in Kenya
    • Macigo F G, Mwaniki D L, Guthua S W. The association between oral leukoplakia and use of tobacco, alcohol and qat based on relative risks association in Kenya. Eur J Oral Sci 1995; 103: 268-273.
    • (1995) Eur J Oral Sci , vol.103 , pp. 268-273
    • Macigo, F.G.1    Mwaniki, D.L.2    Guthua, S.W.3
  • 25
    • 3142699170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of 342 oral keratotic white lesions induced by qat chewing among 2500 Yemeni
    • Ali A A, Al-Sharab A K, Aguirre J M, Nahas R. A study of 342 oral keratotic white lesions induced by qat chewing among 2500 Yemeni. J Oral Pathol Med 2004; 33: 368-372.
    • (2004) J Oral Pathol Med , vol.33 , pp. 368-372
    • Ali, A.A.1    Al-Sharab, A.K.2    Aguirre, J.M.3    Nahas, R.4
  • 26
    • 33846597622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of oral cancer and potentially malignant lesions among shammah users in Yemen
    • Scheifele C, Nassar A, Reichart P A. Prevalence of oral cancer and potentially malignant lesions among shammah users in Yemen. Oral Oncol 2007; 1: 42-50.
    • (2007) Oral Oncol , vol.1 , pp. 42-50
    • Scheifele, C.1    Nassar, A.2    Reichart, P.A.3
  • 27
    • 33645230815 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histopatho-logical changes in oral mucosa due to takhzeen al-qat: A study of 70 biopsies
    • Ali A A, Al-Sharabi A K, Aguire J M. Histopatho-logical changes in oral mucosa due to takhzeen al-qat: a study of 70 biopsies. J Oral Pathol Med 2006;35: 81-85.
    • (2006) J Oral Pathol Med , vol.35 , pp. 81-85
    • Ali, A.A.1    Al-Sharabi, A.K.2    Aguire, J.M.3
  • 28
    • 33847167995 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Histopathologic changes in oral mucosa of Yemenis addicted to water-pipe and cigarette smoking in addition to takhzeen al-qat
    • Ali A A. Histopathologic changes in oral mucosa of Yemenis addicted to water-pipe and cigarette smoking in addition to takhzeen al-qat. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2007; 103: e55-9.
    • (2007) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod , vol.103
    • Ali, A.A.1
  • 29
    • 3142699170 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study of 342 oral keratotic white lesions induced by qat chewing among 2500 Yemeni
    • Ali A A, Al-Sharab A K, Aguirre J M, Nahas R. A study of 342 oral keratotic white lesions induced by qat chewing among 2500 Yemeni. J Oral Pathol Med 2004; 33: 368-372.
    • (2004) J Oral Pathol Med , vol.33 , pp. 368-372
    • Ali, A.A.1    Al-Sharab, A.K.2    Aguirre, J.M.3    Nahas, R.4
  • 32
  • 33
    • 58149506323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential adverse effects of habitual use of Catha edulis (qat)
    • Al-Habori M. The potential adverse effects of habitual use of Catha edulis (qat). Expert Opin
    • Expert Opin
    • Al-Habori, M.1
  • 34
    • 27944488385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Drug Saf 2005; 4: 1145-1154.
    • (2005) Drug Saf , vol.4 , pp. 1145-1154
  • 35
    • 34250359942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qat use and mental illness: A critical review
    • July;
    • Warfa N, Klein A, Bhui K et al. Qat use and mental illness: a critical review. SocSci Med July; 65: 309-318.
    • SocSci Med , vol.65 , pp. 309-318
    • Warfa, N.1    Klein, A.2    Bhui, K.3
  • 36
    • 0034031157 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of qat chewing on blood pressure and heart rate in healthy volunteers
    • Hassan N A, Gunaid A A, Abdo-Rabbo A A, Abdel-Kader Z Y et al. The effect of qat chewing on blood pressure and heart rate in healthy volunteers. Trop Doct 2000; 30: 107-108.
    • (2000) Trop Doct , vol.30 , pp. 107-108
    • Hassan, N.A.1    Gunaid, A.A.2    Abdo-Rabbo, A.A.3    Abdel-Kader, Z.Y.4
  • 37
    • 18244395303 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Khat chewing is a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction: A case-control study
    • Al-Motarreb A, Briancon S, Al-Jaber N, Al-Adhi B et al. Khat chewing is a risk factor for acute myocardial infarction: a case-control study. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2005; 59: 574-581.
    • (2005) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.59 , pp. 574-581
    • Al-Motarreb, A.1    Briancon, S.2    Al-Jaber, N.3    Al-Adhi, B.4
  • 38
    • 0037402369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Catha edulis on plasma glucose and C-peptide in both type 2 diabetics and non-diabetics
    • Saif-Ali R, Al-Qirbi A, Al-Geiry A, Al-Habori M. Effect of Catha edulis on plasma glucose and C-peptide in both type 2 diabetics and non-diabetics, J Ethnopharmacol 2003; 86: 45-49.
    • (2003) J Ethnopharmacol , vol.86 , pp. 45-49
    • Saif-Ali, R.1    Al-Qirbi, A.2    Al-Geiry, A.3    Al-Habori, M.4
  • 39
    • 0030938087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of qat chewing on the availability of ampicillin and amoxicillin
    • Atef O A, Ali A A, Ali H M. Effect of qat chewing on the availability of ampicillin and amoxicillin. J Antimicrob Chemother 1997; 39: 523-525.
    • (1997) J Antimicrob Chemother , vol.39 , pp. 523-525
    • Atef, O.A.1    Ali, A.A.2    Ali, H.M.3
  • 40
    • 32944475635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro antimicrobial and resistance-modifying activities of aqueous crude qat extracts against oral microorganisms
    • Al-Hebshi N, Al-Haroni M, Skaug N. In vitro antimicrobial and resistance-modifying activities of aqueous crude qat extracts against oral microorganisms. Arch Oral Biol 2006; 51: 183-188.
    • (2006) Arch Oral Biol , vol.51 , pp. 183-188
    • Al-Hebshi, N.1    Al-Haroni, M.2    Skaug, N.3
  • 41
    • 20944443146 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In vitro effects of crude qat extracts on the growth, colonization, and glucosyltransferases of Streptococcus mutans
    • Al-Hebshi N N, Nielsen O, Skaug N. In vitro effects of crude qat extracts on the growth, colonization, and glucosyltransferases of Streptococcus mutans. Acta Odontol Scand 2005; 63: 136-142.
    • (2005) Acta Odontol Scand , vol.63 , pp. 136-142
    • Al-Hebshi, N.N.1    Nielsen, O.2    Skaug, N.3
  • 42
    • 34250359942 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qat use and mental illness: A critical review
    • Warfa N, Klein A, Bhui K, Leavey G et al. Qat use and mental illness: a critical review. Soc Sci Med 2007; 65: 309-318.
    • (2007) Soc Sci Med , vol.65 , pp. 309-318
    • Warfa, N.1    Klein, A.2    Bhui, K.3    Leavey, G.4
  • 43
    • 9144271818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qat chewing and pesticides: A study of adverse health effects in people of the mountainous areas of Yemen
    • Date J, Tanida N, Hobara T. Qat chewing and pesticides: a study of adverse health effects in people of the mountainous areas of Yemen. Int J Environ Health Res 2004; 14: 405-414.
    • (2004) Int J Environ Health Res , vol.14 , pp. 405-414
    • Date, J.1    Tanida, N.2    Hobara, T.3
  • 44
    • 0023139373 scopus 로고
    • Clastogenic evaluation of cathinone and amphetamine in somatic cells of mice
    • Tariq M, Parmar N S, Qureshi S et al. Clastogenic evaluation of cathinone and amphetamine in somatic cells of mice. Mutat Res 1987; 190: 153-157.
    • (1987) Mutat Res , vol.190 , pp. 153-157
    • Tariq, M.1    Parmar, N.S.2    Qureshi, S.3
  • 45
    • 0031760631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic toxicology of abused drugs: A brief review
    • Li J H, Lin L F. Genetic toxicology of abused drugs: a brief review. Mutagenesis 1998; 13: 557-565.
    • (1998) Mutagenesis , vol.13 , pp. 557-565
    • Li, J.H.1    Lin, L.F.2
  • 46
    • 58149489396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotoxic effect of Catha edulis (khat) crude extract after sub-chronic administration in rats
    • in press
    • Al-Zubairi A, Ismail P, Pei C P, Rahmat A. Genotoxic effect of Catha edulis (khat) crude extract after sub-chronic administration in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2007; in press.
    • (2007) Environ Toxicol Pharmacol
    • Al-Zubairi, A.1    Ismail, P.2    Pei, C.P.3    Rahmat, A.4
  • 47
    • 0035342561 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qat (Cathaedulis) consumption causes genotoxic effects in humans
    • Kassie F, Darroudi F, Kundi M et al. Qat (Cathaedulis) consumption causes genotoxic effects in humans, Int J Cancer 2001; 92: 329-332.
    • (2001) Int J Cancer , vol.92 , pp. 329-332
    • Kassie, F.1    Darroudi, F.2    Kundi, M.3
  • 48
    • 9144263045 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qat (Catha edulis)-induced apoptosis is inhibited by antagonists of caspase-1 and -8 in human leukaemia cells
    • Dimba E A, Giertsen BT, Bredholt T et al. Qat (Catha edulis)-induced apoptosis is inhibited by antagonists of caspase-1 and -8 in human leukaemia cells. Br J Cancer 2004; 91: 1726-1734.
    • (2004) Br J Cancer , vol.91 , pp. 1726-1734
    • Dimba, E.A.1    Giertsen, B.T.2    Bredholt, T.3
  • 49
    • 1342305484 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cathaedulis (qat) induced cell death by apoptosis in leukaemia cell lines
    • Dimba E, Giertsen BT, Francis G W et al.Cathaedulis (qat) induced cell death by apoptosis in leukaemia cell lines. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2003; 1010: 384-388.
    • (2003) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.1010 , pp. 384-388
    • Dimba, E.1    Giertsen, B.T.2    Francis, G.W.3
  • 50
    • 38049007112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Khat induces G-1 phase arrest and increased expression of stress-sensitive p53 and p16 proteins in normal human oral keratinocytes and fibroblasts
    • Lukandu O M, Costea D E, Dimba E A et al. Khat induces G-1 phase arrest and increased expression of stress-sensitive p53 and p16 proteins in normal human oral keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Eur J Oral Sci 2008; 116: 23-30.
    • (2008) Eur J Oral Sci , vol.116 , pp. 23-30
    • Lukandu, O.M.1    Costea, D.E.2    Dimba, E.A.3
  • 51
    • 34247874492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High relative frequency of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Yemen: Qat and tobacco chewing as its aetiological background
    • Sawair F A, Al-Mutawakel A, Al-Eryani K, AlSurhy A et al. High relative frequency of oral squamous cell carcinoma in Yemen: qat and tobacco chewing as its aetiological background. Int J Environ Health Res 2007; 17: 185-195.
    • (2007) Int J Environ Health Res , vol.17 , pp. 185-195
    • Sawair, F.A.1    Al-Mutawakel, A.2    Al-Eryani, K.3    AlSurhy, A.4
  • 52
    • 0035079062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between p53 gene mutations and circulating antibodies in betel- and tobacco-consuming North Indian population
    • Ralhan R, Agarwal S, Nath N, Mathur M et al. Correlation between p53 gene mutations and circulating antibodies in betel- and tobacco-consuming North Indian population. Oral Oncol 2001; 37: 243-250.
    • (2001) Oral Oncol , vol.37 , pp. 243-250
    • Ralhan, R.1    Agarwal, S.2    Nath, N.3    Mathur, M.4
  • 53
    • 0032167608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of p53 overexpression to other cell cycle regulatory proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma
    • Warnakulasuriya KA, Tavassoli M, Johnson N W. Relationship of p53 overexpression to other cell cycle regulatory proteins in oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 1998; 27: 376-381.
    • (1998) J Oral Pathol Med , vol.27 , pp. 376-381
    • Warnakulasuriya, K.A.1    Tavassoli, M.2    Johnson, N.W.3
  • 54
    • 33646582035 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Qat chewing amongst UK resident male Yemeni adults: An exploratory study
    • Kassim S, Croucher R. Qat chewing amongst UK resident male Yemeni adults: an exploratory study. Int Dent J 2005; 56: 97-101.
    • (2005) Int Dent J , vol.56 , pp. 97-101
    • Kassim, S.1    Croucher, R.2
  • 55
    • 2442717630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does NICE have a cost-effectiveness threshold and what other factors influence its decisions? A binary choice analysis
    • Devlin N, Parkin D. 'Does NICE have a cost-effectiveness threshold and what other factors influence its decisions? A binary choice analysis." Health Econ 2004; 13: 437-452.
    • (2004) Health Econ , vol.13 , pp. 437-452
    • Devlin, N.1    Parkin, D.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.