메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 28, Issue 47, 2008, Pages 12409-12418

Transplanted mouse embryonic stem-cell-derived motoneurons form functional motor units and reduce muscle atrophy

Author keywords

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; Hb9; Motor unit; Muscle fiber; Neuromuscular junction; Peripheral nerve; Transplantation

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CELL DIFFERENTIATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROSTIMULATION; EMBRYO DEVELOPMENT; EMBRYONIC STEM CELL; MOTONEURON; MOTOR UNIT; MOUSE; MUSCLE ATROPHY; MUSCLE CONTRACTION; NEUROMUSCULAR SYNAPSE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION;

EID: 58149381448     PISSN: 02706474     EISSN: 02706474     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1761-08.2008     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (84)

References (71)
  • 1
    • 0033180516 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Requirement for the homeobox gene Hb9 in the consolidation of motor neuron identity
    • Arber S, Han B, Mendelsohn M, Smith M, Jessell TM, Sockanathan S (1999) Requirement for the homeobox gene Hb9 in the consolidation of motor neuron identity. Neuron 23:659-674.
    • (1999) Neuron , vol.23 , pp. 659-674
    • Arber, S.1    Han, B.2    Mendelsohn, M.3    Smith, M.4    Jessell, T.M.5    Sockanathan, S.6
  • 2
    • 0019391099 scopus 로고
    • Motor units in cross-reinnervated fast and slow twitch muscle of the cat
    • Bagust J, Lewis DM, Westerman RA (1981) Motor units in cross-reinnervated fast and slow twitch muscle of the cat. J Physiol 313:223-235.
    • (1981) J Physiol , vol.313 , pp. 223-235
    • Bagust, J.1    Lewis, D.M.2    Westerman, R.A.3
  • 4
    • 0025244418 scopus 로고
    • Spatial distribution of muscle fibers within the territory of a motor unit
    • Bodine-Fowler S, Garfinkel A, Roy RR, Edgerton VR (1990) Spatial distribution of muscle fibers within the territory of a motor unit. Muscle Nerve 13:1133-1145.
    • (1990) Muscle Nerve , vol.13 , pp. 1133-1145
    • Bodine-Fowler, S.1    Garfinkel, A.2    Roy, R.R.3    Edgerton, V.R.4
  • 5
    • 33749056809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Boillée S, Vande Velde C, Cleveland DW (2006) ALS: a disease of motor neurons and their nonneuronal neighbors. Neuron 52:39-59.
    • Boillée S, Vande Velde C, Cleveland DW (2006) ALS: a disease of motor neurons and their nonneuronal neighbors. Neuron 52:39-59.
  • 6
    • 0023262494 scopus 로고
    • Systematic distribution of muscle fiber types in the medial gastrocnemius of the laboratory mouse: A morphometric analysis
    • Brasseur JE, Curtis RL, Mellender JW, Rimm AA, Melvin JL, Sulaiman AR (1987) Systematic distribution of muscle fiber types in the medial gastrocnemius of the laboratory mouse: a morphometric analysis. Anat Rec 218:396-401.
    • (1987) Anat Rec , vol.218 , pp. 396-401
    • Brasseur, J.E.1    Curtis, R.L.2    Mellender, J.W.3    Rimm, A.A.4    Melvin, J.L.5    Sulaiman, A.R.6
  • 7
    • 0018199170 scopus 로고
    • Sprouting and regression of neuromuscular synapses in partially denervated mammalian muscles
    • Brown MC, Ironton R (1978) Sprouting and regression of neuromuscular synapses in partially denervated mammalian muscles. J Physiol 278:325-348.
    • (1978) J Physiol , vol.278 , pp. 325-348
    • Brown, M.C.1    Ironton, R.2
  • 8
    • 33744943245 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beginning at the end: Repetitive firing properties in the final common pathway
    • Brownstone RM (2006) Beginning at the end: repetitive firing properties in the final common pathway. Prog Neurobiol 78:156-172.
    • (2006) Prog Neurobiol , vol.78 , pp. 156-172
    • Brownstone, R.M.1
  • 9
    • 72849173018 scopus 로고
    • Interactions between motoneurones and muscles in respect of the characteristic speeds of their responses
    • Buller AJ, Eccles JC, Eccles RM (1960) Interactions between motoneurones and muscles in respect of the characteristic speeds of their responses. J Physiol 150:417-439.
    • (1960) J Physiol , vol.150 , pp. 417-439
    • Buller, A.J.1    Eccles, J.C.2    Eccles, R.M.3
  • 10
    • 0015687892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Burke RE, Levine DN, Tsairis P, Zajac FE 3rd (1973) Physiological types and histochemical profiles in motor units of the cat gastrocnemius. J Physiol 234:723-748.
    • Burke RE, Levine DN, Tsairis P, Zajac FE 3rd (1973) Physiological types and histochemical profiles in motor units of the cat gastrocnemius. J Physiol 234:723-748.
  • 12
    • 0027714952 scopus 로고
    • Reinnervation of adult rat gastrocnemius muscle by embryonic motoneurons transplanted into the axotomized tibial nerve
    • Erb DE, Mora RJ, Bunge RP (1993) Reinnervation of adult rat gastrocnemius muscle by embryonic motoneurons transplanted into the axotomized tibial nerve. Exp Neurol 124:372-376.
    • (1993) Exp Neurol , vol.124 , pp. 372-376
    • Erb, D.E.1    Mora, R.J.2    Bunge, R.P.3
  • 13
    • 0023264041 scopus 로고
    • Motor-unit properties following cross-reinnervation of cat lateral gastrocnemius and soleus muscles with medial gastrocnemius nerve. I. Influence of motoneurons on muscle
    • Foehring RC, Sypert GW, Munson JB (1987a) Motor-unit properties following cross-reinnervation of cat lateral gastrocnemius and soleus muscles with medial gastrocnemius nerve. I. Influence of motoneurons on muscle. J Neurophysiol 57:1210-1226.
    • (1987) J Neurophysiol , vol.57 , pp. 1210-1226
    • Foehring, R.C.1    Sypert, G.W.2    Munson, J.B.3
  • 14
    • 0023176077 scopus 로고
    • Motor-unit properties following cross-reinnervation of cat lateral gastrocnemius and soleus muscles with medial gastrocnemius nerve. II. Influence of muscle on motoneurons
    • Foehring RC, Sypert GW, Munson JB (1987b) Motor-unit properties following cross-reinnervation of cat lateral gastrocnemius and soleus muscles with medial gastrocnemius nerve. II. Influence of muscle on motoneurons. J Neurophysiol 57:1227-1245.
    • (1987) J Neurophysiol , vol.57 , pp. 1227-1245
    • Foehring, R.C.1    Sypert, G.W.2    Munson, J.B.3
  • 15
    • 0029009006 scopus 로고
    • Contributing factors to poor functional recovery after delayed nerve repair: Prolonged axotomy
    • Fu SY, Gordon T (1995a) Contributing factors to poor functional recovery after delayed nerve repair: prolonged axotomy. J Neurosci 15:3876-3885.
    • (1995) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 3876-3885
    • Fu, S.Y.1    Gordon, T.2
  • 16
    • 0029032791 scopus 로고
    • Contributing factors to poor functional recovery after delayed nerve repair: Prolonged denervation
    • Fu SY, Gordon T (1995b) Contributing factors to poor functional recovery after delayed nerve repair: prolonged denervation. J Neurosci 15:3886-3895.
    • (1995) J Neurosci , vol.15 , pp. 3886-3895
    • Fu, S.Y.1    Gordon, T.2
  • 18
    • 13544273269 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human neural stem cell-derived cholinergic neurons innervate muscle in motoneuron deficient adult rats
    • Gao J, Coggeshall RE, Tarasenko YI, Wu P (2005) Human neural stem cell-derived cholinergic neurons innervate muscle in motoneuron deficient adult rats. Neuroscience 131:257-262.
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.131 , pp. 257-262
    • Gao, J.1    Coggeshall, R.E.2    Tarasenko, Y.I.3    Wu, P.4
  • 19
    • 34247165444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional motoneurons develop from human neural stem cell transplants in adult rats
    • Gao J, Coggeshall RE, Chung JM, Wang J, Wu P (2007) Functional motoneurons develop from human neural stem cell transplants in adult rats. Neuroreport 18:565-569.
    • (2007) Neuroreport , vol.18 , pp. 565-569
    • Gao, J.1    Coggeshall, R.E.2    Chung, J.M.3    Wang, J.4    Wu, P.5
  • 20
    • 0015498861 scopus 로고
    • Total ventilatory support in a quadriplegic patient with radiofrequency electrophrenic respiration
    • Glenn WW, Holcomb WG, McLaughlin AJ, O'Hare JM, Hogan JF, Yasuda R (1972) Total ventilatory support in a quadriplegic patient with radiofrequency electrophrenic respiration. N Engl J Med 286:513-516.
    • (1972) N Engl J Med , vol.286 , pp. 513-516
    • Glenn, W.W.1    Holcomb, W.G.2    McLaughlin, A.J.3    O'Hare, J.M.4    Hogan, J.F.5    Yasuda, R.6
  • 21
    • 0020005034 scopus 로고
    • Time course and extent of recovery in reinnervated motor units of cat triceps surae muscles
    • Gordon T, Stein RB (1982) Time course and extent of recovery in reinnervated motor units of cat triceps surae muscles. J Physiol 323:307-323.
    • (1982) J Physiol , vol.323 , pp. 307-323
    • Gordon, T.1    Stein, R.B.2
  • 22
    • 0030986599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fast-to-slow conversion following chronic low-frequency activation of medial gastrocnemius muscle in cats. I. Muscle and motor unit properties
    • Gordon T, Tyreman N, Rafuse VF, Munson JB (1997) Fast-to-slow conversion following chronic low-frequency activation of medial gastrocnemius muscle in cats. I. Muscle and motor unit properties. J Neurophysiol 77:2585-2604.
    • (1997) J Neurophysiol , vol.77 , pp. 2585-2604
    • Gordon, T.1    Tyreman, N.2    Rafuse, V.F.3    Munson, J.B.4
  • 24
    • 10044289272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The immunophilin ligand FK506, but not the P38 kinase inhibitor SB203580, improves function of adult rat muscle reinnervated from transplants of embryonic neurons
    • Grumbles RM, Casella GT, Rudinsky MJ, Godfrey S, Wood PM, Thomas CK (2005) The immunophilin ligand FK506, but not the P38 kinase inhibitor SB203580, improves function of adult rat muscle reinnervated from transplants of embryonic neurons. Neuroscience 130:619-630.
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.130 , pp. 619-630
    • Grumbles, R.M.1    Casella, G.T.2    Rudinsky, M.J.3    Godfrey, S.4    Wood, P.M.5    Thomas, C.K.6
  • 25
    • 34447302334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term delivery of FGF-6 changes the fiber type and fatigability of muscle reinnervated from embryonic neurons transplanted into adult rat peripheral nerve
    • Grumbles RM, Casella GT, Rudinsky MJ, Wood PM, Sesodia S, Bent M, Thomas CK (2007) Long-term delivery of FGF-6 changes the fiber type and fatigability of muscle reinnervated from embryonic neurons transplanted into adult rat peripheral nerve. J Neurosci Res 85:1933-1942.
    • (2007) J Neurosci Res , vol.85 , pp. 1933-1942
    • Grumbles, R.M.1    Casella, G.T.2    Rudinsky, M.J.3    Wood, P.M.4    Sesodia, S.5    Bent, M.6    Thomas, C.K.7
  • 26
    • 0023840973 scopus 로고
    • Fibre types, calcium-sequestering proteins and metabolic enzymes in denervated and chronically stimulated muscles of the rat
    • Gundersen K, Leberer E, Lømo T, Pette D, Staron RS (1988) Fibre types, calcium-sequestering proteins and metabolic enzymes in denervated and chronically stimulated muscles of the rat. J Physiol 398:177-189.
    • (1988) J Physiol , vol.398 , pp. 177-189
    • Gundersen, K.1    Leberer, E.2    Lømo, T.3    Pette, D.4    Staron, R.S.5
  • 27
    • 0026667103 scopus 로고
    • Induction of motor neuron sprouting in vivo by ciliary neurotrophic factor and basic fibroblast growth factor
    • Gurney ME, Yamamoto H, Kwon Y (1992) Induction of motor neuron sprouting in vivo by ciliary neurotrophic factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. J Neurosci 12:3241-3247.
    • (1992) J Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 3241-3247
    • Gurney, M.E.1    Yamamoto, H.2    Kwon, Y.3
  • 28
    • 0002496352 scopus 로고
    • The re-innervation of muscle after various periods of atrophy
    • Gutmann E, Young JZ (1944) The re-innervation of muscle after various periods of atrophy. J Anat 78:15-43.
    • (1944) J Anat , vol.78 , pp. 15-43
    • Gutmann, E.1    Young, J.Z.2
  • 30
    • 0000974132 scopus 로고
    • Ion movements during nerve activity
    • Huxley AF (1959) Ion movements during nerve activity. Ann N Y Acad Sci 81:221-246.
    • (1959) Ann N Y Acad Sci , vol.81 , pp. 221-246
    • Huxley, A.F.1
  • 31
    • 0142084713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nerve activity-independent regulation of skeletal muscle atrophy: Role of MyoD and myogenin in satellite cells and myonuclei
    • Hyatt JP, Roy RR, Baldwin KM, Edgerton VR (2003) Nerve activity-independent regulation of skeletal muscle atrophy: role of MyoD and myogenin in satellite cells and myonuclei. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 285:C1161-C1173.
    • (2003) Am J Physiol Cell Physiol , vol.285
    • Hyatt, J.P.1    Roy, R.R.2    Baldwin, K.M.3    Edgerton, V.R.4
  • 32
    • 0016468983 scopus 로고
    • Physiology of peripheral nerve fibres in relation to their size
    • Jack JJ (1975) Physiology of peripheral nerve fibres in relation to their size. Br J Anaesth 47:173-182.
    • (1975) Br J Anaesth , vol.47 , pp. 173-182
    • Jack, J.J.1
  • 34
    • 0014282727 scopus 로고
    • Type grouping in skeletal muscles after experimental reinnervation
    • Karpati G, Engel WK (1968) "Type grouping" in skeletal muscles after experimental reinnervation. Neurology 18:447-455.
    • (1968) Neurology , vol.18 , pp. 447-455
    • Karpati, G.1    Engel, W.K.2
  • 35
    • 0014807565 scopus 로고
    • Mapping of motor units in experimentally reinnervated rat muscle. Interpretation of histochemical and atrophic fibre patterns in neurogenic lesions
    • Kugelberg E, Edström L, Abbruzzese M (1970) Mapping of motor units in experimentally reinnervated rat muscle. Interpretation of histochemical and atrophic fibre patterns in neurogenic lesions. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 33:319-329.
    • (1970) J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry , vol.33 , pp. 319-329
    • Kugelberg, E.1    Edström, L.2    Abbruzzese, M.3
  • 36
    • 0020004298 scopus 로고
    • Isometric contractions of motor units and immunohistochemistry of mouse soleus muscle
    • Lewis DM, Parry DJ, Rowlerson A (1982) Isometric contractions of motor units and immunohistochemistry of mouse soleus muscle. J Physiol 325:393-401.
    • (1982) J Physiol , vol.325 , pp. 393-401
    • Lewis, D.M.1    Parry, D.J.2    Rowlerson, A.3
  • 38
    • 33745601099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stem cells for the treatment of neurological disorders
    • Lindvall O, Kokaia Z (2006) Stem cells for the treatment of neurological disorders. Nature 441:1094-1096.
    • (2006) Nature , vol.441 , pp. 1094-1096
    • Lindvall, O.1    Kokaia, Z.2
  • 39
    • 0033570325 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neonatal partial denervation results in nodal but not terminal sprouting and a decrease in efficacy of remaining neuromuscular junctions in rat soleus muscle
    • Lubischer JL, Thompson WJ (1999) Neonatal partial denervation results in nodal but not terminal sprouting and a decrease in efficacy of remaining neuromuscular junctions in rat soleus muscle. J Neurosci 19:8931-8944.
    • (1999) J Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 8931-8944
    • Lubischer, J.L.1    Thompson, W.J.2
  • 40
    • 0016788296 scopus 로고
    • Dynamic properties of fast and slow skeletal muscles in the cat and rat following cross-reinnervation
    • Luff AR (1975) Dynamic properties of fast and slow skeletal muscles in the cat and rat following cross-reinnervation. J Physiol 248:83-96.
    • (1975) J Physiol , vol.248 , pp. 83-96
    • Luff, A.R.1
  • 41
    • 0345269093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Functional motor neurons differentiating from mouse multipotent spinal cord precursor cells in culture and after transplantation into transected sciatic nerve
    • MacDonald SC, Fleetwood IG, Hochman S, Dodd JG, Cheng GK, Jordan LM, Brownstone RM (2003) Functional motor neurons differentiating from mouse multipotent spinal cord precursor cells in culture and after transplantation into transected sciatic nerve. J Neurosurg 98:1094-1103.
    • (2003) J Neurosurg , vol.98 , pp. 1094-1103
    • MacDonald, S.C.1    Fleetwood, I.G.2    Hochman, S.3    Dodd, J.G.4    Cheng, G.K.5    Jordan, L.M.6    Brownstone, R.M.7
  • 43
    • 33746191379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erythropoietin and GDNF enhance ventral mesencephalic fiber outgrowth and capillary proliferation following neural transplantation in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease
    • McLeod M, Hong M, Mukhida K, Sadi D, Ulalia R, Mendez I (2006) Erythropoietin and GDNF enhance ventral mesencephalic fiber outgrowth and capillary proliferation following neural transplantation in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease. Eur J Neurosci 24:361-370.
    • (2006) Eur J Neurosci , vol.24 , pp. 361-370
    • McLeod, M.1    Hong, M.2    Mukhida, K.3    Sadi, D.4    Ulalia, R.5    Mendez, I.6
  • 45
    • 0022367618 scopus 로고
    • Slow and fast myosin heavy chain content defines three types of myotubes in early muscle cell cultures
    • Miller JB, Crow MT, Stockdale FE (1985) Slow and fast myosin heavy chain content defines three types of myotubes in early muscle cell cultures. J Cell Biol 101:1643-1650.
    • (1985) J Cell Biol , vol.101 , pp. 1643-1650
    • Miller, J.B.1    Crow, M.T.2    Stockdale, F.E.3
  • 46
    • 0032051750 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Selective loss of alpha motoneurons innervating the medial gastrocnemius muscle in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
    • Mohajeri MH, Figlewicz DA, Bohn MC (1998) Selective loss of alpha motoneurons innervating the medial gastrocnemius muscle in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Exp Neurol 150:329-336.
    • (1998) Exp Neurol , vol.150 , pp. 329-336
    • Mohajeri, M.H.1    Figlewicz, D.A.2    Bohn, M.C.3
  • 47
    • 33749596981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interspecies differences in the force-frequency relationship of the medial gastrocnemius motor units
    • Mrówczyński W, Celichowski J, Krutki P (2006) Interspecies differences in the force-frequency relationship of the medial gastrocnemius motor units. J Physiol Pharmacol 57:491-501.
    • (2006) J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.57 , pp. 491-501
    • Mrówczyński, W.1    Celichowski, J.2    Krutki, P.3
  • 48
    • 0028207419 scopus 로고
    • Effects of chronic stimulation with different impulse patterns on the expression of myosin isoforms in rat myotube cultures
    • Naumann K, Pette D (1994) Effects of chronic stimulation with different impulse patterns on the expression of myosin isoforms in rat myotube cultures. Differentiation 55:203-211.
    • (1994) Differentiation , vol.55 , pp. 203-211
    • Naumann, K.1    Pette, D.2
  • 49
    • 0027471253 scopus 로고
    • Spatial arrangement and metabolic capacity of fiber types in self-reinnervated cat muscle
    • Nemeth PA, Cope TC, Kushner S, Nemeth PM (1993) Spatial arrangement and metabolic capacity of fiber types in self-reinnervated cat muscle. Am J Physiol 264:C411-C418.
    • (1993) Am J Physiol , vol.264
    • Nemeth, P.A.1    Cope, T.C.2    Kushner, S.3    Nemeth, P.M.4
  • 50
    • 0015408255 scopus 로고
    • Physiological and biochemical changes induced by long-term stimulation of fast muscle
    • Pette D, Staudte HW, Vrbová G (1972) Physiological and biochemical changes induced by long-term stimulation of fast muscle. Naturwissenschaften 59:469-470.
    • (1972) Naturwissenschaften , vol.59 , pp. 469-470
    • Pette, D.1    Staudte, H.W.2    Vrbová, G.3
  • 51
    • 0030052491 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-reinnervated cat medial gastrocnemius muscles. I. Comparisons of the capacity for regenerating nerves to form enlarged motor units after extensive peripheral nerve injuries
    • Rafuse VF, Gordon T (1996a) Self-reinnervated cat medial gastrocnemius muscles. I. Comparisons of the capacity for regenerating nerves to form enlarged motor units after extensive peripheral nerve injuries. J Neurophysiol 75:268-281.
    • (1996) J Neurophysiol , vol.75 , pp. 268-281
    • Rafuse, V.F.1    Gordon, T.2
  • 52
    • 0030030367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Self-reinnervated cat medial gastrocnemius muscles. II. Analysis of the mechanisms and significance of fiber type grouping in reinnervated muscles
    • Rafuse VF, Gordon T (1996b) Self-reinnervated cat medial gastrocnemius muscles. II. Analysis of the mechanisms and significance of fiber type grouping in reinnervated muscles. J Neurophysiol 75:282-297.
    • (1996) J Neurophysiol , vol.75 , pp. 282-297
    • Rafuse, V.F.1    Gordon, T.2
  • 53
    • 0026442377 scopus 로고
    • Proportional enlargement of motor units after partial denervation of cat triceps surae muscles
    • Rafuse VF, Gordon T, Orozco R (1992) Proportional enlargement of motor units after partial denervation of cat triceps surae muscles. J Neurophysiol 68:1261-1276.
    • (1992) J Neurophysiol , vol.68 , pp. 1261-1276
    • Rafuse, V.F.1    Gordon, T.2    Orozco, R.3
  • 54
    • 0030895937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Innervation ratio and motor unit force in large muscles: A study of chronically stimulated cat medial gastrocnemius
    • Rafuse VF, Pattullo MC, Gordon T (1997) Innervation ratio and motor unit force in large muscles: a study of chronically stimulated cat medial gastrocnemius. J Physiol 499:809-823.
    • (1997) J Physiol , vol.499 , pp. 809-823
    • Rafuse, V.F.1    Pattullo, M.C.2    Gordon, T.3
  • 55
    • 0023863240 scopus 로고
    • Effect of partial denervation and terminal field expansion on neuromuscular transmitter release and nerve terminal structure
    • Rochel S, Robbins N (1988) Effect of partial denervation and terminal field expansion on neuromuscular transmitter release and nerve terminal structure. J Neurosci 8:332-338.
    • (1988) J Neurosci , vol.8 , pp. 332-338
    • Rochel, S.1    Robbins, N.2
  • 56
    • 0022759028 scopus 로고
    • Absence of exogenous satellite cell contribution to regeneration of frozen skeletal muscle
    • Schultz E, Jaryszak DL, Gibson MC, Albright DJ (1986) Absence of exogenous satellite cell contribution to regeneration of frozen skeletal muscle. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 7:361-367.
    • (1986) J Muscle Res Cell Motil , vol.7 , pp. 361-367
    • Schultz, E.1    Jaryszak, D.L.2    Gibson, M.C.3    Albright, D.J.4
  • 57
    • 0026694239 scopus 로고
    • Synthesis and localization of ciliary neurotrophic factor in the sciatic nerve of the adult rat after lesion and during regeneration
    • Sendtner M, Stöckli KA, Thoenen H (1992) Synthesis and localization of ciliary neurotrophic factor in the sciatic nerve of the adult rat after lesion and during regeneration. J Cell Biol 118:139-148.
    • (1992) J Cell Biol , vol.118 , pp. 139-148
    • Sendtner, M.1    Stöckli, K.A.2    Thoenen, H.3
  • 58
    • 0019496288 scopus 로고
    • Terminal sprouting of motoneurones is a local response to a local stimulus
    • Slack JR, Pockett S (1981) Terminal sprouting of motoneurones is a local response to a local stimulus. Brain Res 217:368 -374.
    • (1981) Brain Res , vol.217 , pp. 368-374
    • Slack, J.R.1    Pockett, S.2
  • 59
    • 0027163502 scopus 로고
    • Temporal and spatial expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor after peripheral nerve injury
    • Smith GM, Rabinovsky ED, McManaman JL, Shine HD (1993) Temporal and spatial expression of ciliary neurotrophic factor after peripheral nerve injury. Exp Neurol 121:239-247.
    • (1993) Exp Neurol , vol.121 , pp. 239-247
    • Smith, G.M.1    Rabinovsky, E.D.2    McManaman, J.L.3    Shine, H.D.4
  • 60
    • 0028819222 scopus 로고
    • Nerve sprouting in muscle is induced and guided by processes extended by Schwann cells
    • Son YJ, Thompson WJ (1995) Nerve sprouting in muscle is induced and guided by processes extended by Schwann cells. Neuron 14:133-141.
    • (1995) Neuron , vol.14 , pp. 133-141
    • Son, Y.J.1    Thompson, W.J.2
  • 61
    • 33645219877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Motoneurons derived from embryonic stem cells express transcription factors and develop phenotypes characteristic of medial motor column neurons
    • Soundararajan P, Miles GB, Rubin LL, Brownstone RM, Rafuse VF (2006) Motoneurons derived from embryonic stem cells express transcription factors and develop phenotypes characteristic of medial motor column neurons. J Neurosci 26:3256-3268.
    • (2006) J Neurosci , vol.26 , pp. 3256-3268
    • Soundararajan, P.1    Miles, G.B.2    Rubin, L.L.3    Brownstone, R.M.4    Rafuse, V.F.5
  • 62
    • 0025065385 scopus 로고
    • Methods for estimating the number of motor units in human muscles
    • Stein RB, Yang JF (1990) Methods for estimating the number of motor units in human muscles. Ann Neurol 28:487-495.
    • (1990) Ann Neurol , vol.28 , pp. 487-495
    • Stein, R.B.1    Yang, J.F.2
  • 63
    • 0020469717 scopus 로고
    • Temperature dependence of mammalian muscle contractions and ATPase activities
    • Stein RB, Gordon T, Shriver J (1982) Temperature dependence of mammalian muscle contractions and ATPase activities. Biophys J 40:97-107.
    • (1982) Biophys J , vol.40 , pp. 97-107
    • Stein, R.B.1    Gordon, T.2    Shriver, J.3
  • 64
    • 0033152291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Persistence of hybrid fibers in rat soleus after spinal cord transection
    • Talmadge RJ, Roy RR, Edgerton VR (1999) Persistence of hybrid fibers in rat soleus after spinal cord transection. Anat Rec 255:188-201.
    • (1999) Anat Rec , vol.255 , pp. 188-201
    • Talmadge, R.J.1    Roy, R.R.2    Edgerton, V.R.3
  • 65
    • 0033179908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Active suppression of interneuron programs within developing motor neurons revealed by analysis of homeodomain factor HB9
    • Thaler J, Harrison K, Sharma K, Lettieri K, Kehrl J, Pfaff SL (1999) Active suppression of interneuron programs within developing motor neurons revealed by analysis of homeodomain factor HB9. Neuron 23:675-687.
    • (1999) Neuron , vol.23 , pp. 675-687
    • Thaler, J.1    Harrison, K.2    Sharma, K.3    Lettieri, K.4    Kehrl, J.5    Pfaff, S.L.6
  • 66
    • 0033929772 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Embryonic cord transplants in peripheral nerve restore skeletal muscle function
    • Thomas CK, Erb DE, Grumbles RM, Bunge RP (2000) Embryonic cord transplants in peripheral nerve restore skeletal muscle function. J Neurophysiol 84:591-595.
    • (2000) J Neurophysiol , vol.84 , pp. 591-595
    • Thomas, C.K.1    Erb, D.E.2    Grumbles, R.M.3    Bunge, R.P.4
  • 67
    • 0037349834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Properties of medial gastrocnemius motor units and muscle fibers reinnervated by embryonic ventral spinal cord cells
    • Thomas CK, Sesodia S, Erb DE, Grumbles RM (2003) Properties of medial gastrocnemius motor units and muscle fibers reinnervated by embryonic ventral spinal cord cells. Exp Neurol 180:25-31.
    • (2003) Exp Neurol , vol.180 , pp. 25-31
    • Thomas, C.K.1    Sesodia, S.2    Erb, D.E.3    Grumbles, R.M.4
  • 69
    • 0037047320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells into motor neurons
    • Wichterle H, Lieberam I, Porter JA, Jessell TM (2002) Directed differentiation of embryonic stem cells into motor neurons. Cell 110:385-397.
    • (2002) Cell , vol.110 , pp. 385-397
    • Wichterle, H.1    Lieberam, I.2    Porter, J.A.3    Jessell, T.M.4
  • 70
    • 0031943056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physiological characteristics of identified motor units in the mouse extensor digitorum longus muscle: An in vitro approach
    • Zardini DM, Parry DJ (1998) Physiological characteristics of identified motor units in the mouse extensor digitorum longus muscle: an in vitro approach. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 76:68-71.
    • (1998) Can J Physiol Pharmacol , vol.76 , pp. 68-71
    • Zardini, D.M.1    Parry, D.J.2
  • 71
    • 0032786379 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of genetic selection and voluntary activity on the medial gastrocnemius muscle in house mice
    • Zhan WZ, Swallow JG, Garland T Jr, Proctor DN, Carter PA, Sieck GC (1999) Effects of genetic selection and voluntary activity on the medial gastrocnemius muscle in house mice. J Appl Physiol 87:2326-2333.
    • (1999) J Appl Physiol , vol.87 , pp. 2326-2333
    • Zhan, W.Z.1    Swallow, J.G.2    Garland Jr, T.3    Proctor, D.N.4    Carter, P.A.5    Sieck, G.C.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.