메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 61, Issue 12, 2008, Pages

ESC guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic heart failure 2008;Guía de práctica clínica de la sociedad europea de cardiología (ESC) para el diagnóstico y tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda y crónica (2008)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AMILORIDE; AMIODARONE; BENDROFLUMETHIAZIDE; BISOPROLOL; BUMETANIDE; CANDESARTAN; CAPTOPRIL; CARVEDILOL; DIGOXIN; DILTIAZEM; ENALAPRIL; EPLERENONE; FUROSEMIDE; HYDRALAZINE PLUS ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE; HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE; INDAPAMIDE; LISINOPRIL; METOLAZONE; METOPROLOL SUCCINATE; NEBIVOLOL; PLACEBO; PRAZOSIN; QUINIDINE; RAMIPRIL; SPIRONOLACTONE; TORASEMIDE; TRANDOLAPRIL; UNINDEXED DRUG; VALSARTAN; VERAPAMIL;

EID: 57549085380     PISSN: 03008932     EISSN: 15792242     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s1885-5857(09)60059-1     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (52)

References (252)
  • 1
    • 0029053086 scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the diagnosis of heart failure
    • The Task Force on Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology
    • The Task Force on Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology. Guidelines for the diagnosis of heart failure. Eur Heart J. 1995;16:741-51.
    • (1995) Eur Heart J , vol.16 , pp. 741-751
  • 2
    • 0030979613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The treatment of heart failure
    • Task Force of the Working Group on Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology
    • Task Force of the Working Group on Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology. The treatment of heart failure. Eur Heart J. 1997;18:736-53.
    • (1997) Eur Heart J , vol.18 , pp. 736-753
  • 3
    • 17944374924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure
    • Remme WJ, Swedberg K. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2001;22:1527-60.
    • (2001) Eur Heart J , vol.22 , pp. 1527-1560
    • Remme, W.J.1    Swedberg, K.2
  • 4
    • 20044379730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive summary of the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of acute heart failure: The Task Force on Acute Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology
    • Nieminen MS, Bohm M, Cowie MR, Drexler H, Filippatos GS, Jondeau G, et al. Executive summary of the guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of acute heart failure: the Task Force on Acute Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:384-416.
    • (2005) Eur Heart J , vol.26 , pp. 384-416
    • Nieminen, M.S.1    Bohm, M.2    Cowie, M.R.3    Drexler, H.4    Filippatos, G.S.5    Jondeau, G.6
  • 5
    • 20544453277 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure: Executive summary (update 2005): The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology
    • Swedberg K, Cleland J, Dargie H, Drexler H, Follath F, Komajda M, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure: executive summary (update 2005): The Task Force for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Heart Failure of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:1115-40.
    • (2005) Eur Heart J , vol.26 , pp. 1115-1140
    • Swedberg, K.1    Cleland, J.2    Dargie, H.3    Drexler, H.4    Follath, F.5    Komajda, M.6
  • 6
    • 0000792778 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History, definition and classification of heart failure
    • New York: Churchill Livingstone;
    • Poole-Wilson PA. History, definition and classification of heart failure. Heart Failure 1. New York: Churchill Livingstone; 1997. p. 269-77.
    • (1997) Heart Failure , vol.1 , pp. 269-277
    • Poole-Wilson, P.A.1
  • 7
    • 28744446343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, et al. ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2005;112:e154-235.
    • Hunt SA, Abraham WT, Chin MH, Feldman AM, Francis GS, Ganiats TG, et al. ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure): developed in collaboration with the American College of Chest Physicians and the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation: endorsed by the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation. 2005;112:e154-235.
  • 8
    • 33144483487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive summary: HFSA 2006 Comprehensive Heart Failure Practice Guideline
    • Heart Failure Society of America
    • Heart Failure Society of America. Executive summary: HFSA 2006 Comprehensive Heart Failure Practice Guideline. J Card Fail. 2006;12:10-38.
    • (2006) J Card Fail , vol.12 , pp. 10-38
  • 11
    • 0041356972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural history of asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction in the community
    • Wang TJ, Evans JC, Benjamin EJ, Levy D, LeRoy EC, Vasan RS. Natural history of asymptomatic left ventricular systolic dysfunction in the community. Circulation. 2003;108:977-82.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.108 , pp. 977-982
    • Wang, T.J.1    Evans, J.C.2    Benjamin, E.J.3    Levy, D.4    LeRoy, E.C.5    Vasan, R.S.6
  • 12
    • 4444349039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical practice. Diastolic heart failure
    • Aurigemma GP, Gaasch WH. Clinical practice. Diastolic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:1097-105.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 1097-1105
    • Aurigemma, G.P.1    Gaasch, W.H.2
  • 13
    • 1542358948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure
    • Gaasch WH, Zile MR. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction and diastolic heart failure. Annu Rev Med. 2004;55:373-94.
    • (2004) Annu Rev Med , vol.55 , pp. 373-394
    • Gaasch, W.H.1    Zile, M.R.2
  • 14
    • 0034702499 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Do patients with suspected heart failure and preserved left ventricular systolic function suffer from 'diastolic heart failure' or from misdiagnosis? A prospective descriptive study
    • Caruana L, Petrie MC, Davie AP, McMurray JJ. Do patients with suspected heart failure and preserved left ventricular systolic function suffer from 'diastolic heart failure' or from misdiagnosis? A prospective descriptive study. BMJ. 2000;321:215-8.
    • (2000) BMJ , vol.321 , pp. 215-218
    • Caruana, L.1    Petrie, M.C.2    Davie, A.P.3    McMurray, J.J.4
  • 15
    • 33750481560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diastolic heart failure: Perception of the syndrome and scope of the problem
    • Brutsaert DL. Diastolic heart failure: perception of the syndrome and scope of the problem. Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2006;49:153-6.
    • (2006) Prog Cardiovasc Dis , vol.49 , pp. 153-156
    • Brutsaert, D.L.1
  • 16
    • 33845481384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diastolic heart failure: A separate disease or selection bias?
    • De Keulenaer GW, Brutsaert DL. Diastolic heart failure: a separate disease or selection bias? Prog Cardiovasc Dis. 2007;49:275-83.
    • (2007) Prog Cardiovasc Dis , vol.49 , pp. 275-283
    • De Keulenaer, G.W.1    Brutsaert, D.L.2
  • 17
    • 0032127076 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to diagnose diastolic heart failure. European Study Group on Diastolic Heart Failure. Eur Heart J. 1998;19:990-1003.
    • How to diagnose diastolic heart failure. European Study Group on Diastolic Heart Failure. Eur Heart J. 1998;19:990-1003.
  • 19
    • 85088736511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • a ed. Oxford: Oxford Medical Publications; 1913.
    • a ed. Oxford: Oxford Medical Publications; 1913.
  • 20
    • 53249117963 scopus 로고
    • Treatise on the diseases of the heart and great vessels
    • Hope JA. Treatise on the diseases of the heart and great vessels. London: William Kidd; 1832.
    • (1832) London: William Kidd
    • Hope, J.A.1
  • 21
    • 0033253481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • practice guidelines. HFSA guidelines for management of patients with heart failure caused by left ventricular systolic dysfunction - pharmacological approaches
    • Heart Failure Society of America HFSA
    • Heart Failure Society of America (HFSA) practice guidelines. HFSA guidelines for management of patients with heart failure caused by left ventricular systolic dysfunction - pharmacological approaches. J Card Fail. 1999;5:357-82.
    • (1999) J Card Fail , vol.5 , pp. 357-382
  • 22
    • 0028301145 scopus 로고
    • revisions to classification of functional capacity and objective assessment of patients with diseases of the heart
    • AHA medical/scientific statement
    • AHA medical/scientific statement. 1994 revisions to classification of functional capacity and objective assessment of patients with diseases of the heart. Circulation. 1994;90:644-5.
    • (1994) Circulation. 1994 , vol.90 , pp. 644-645
  • 23
    • 0015237841 scopus 로고
    • The natural history of congestive heart failure: The Framingham study
    • McKee PA, Castelli WP, McNamara PM, Kannel WB. The natural history of congestive heart failure: the Framingham study. N Engl J Med. 1971;285:1441-6.
    • (1971) N Engl J Med , vol.285 , pp. 1441-1446
    • McKee, P.A.1    Castelli, W.P.2    McNamara, P.M.3    Kannel, W.B.4
  • 24
    • 34548184904 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical epidemiology of heart failure
    • Mosterd A, Hoes AW. Clinical epidemiology of heart failure. Heart. 2007;93:1137-46.
    • (2007) Heart , vol.93 , pp. 1137-1146
    • Mosterd, A.1    Hoes, A.W.2
  • 28
    • 0032401070 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of heart failure as a cause of death. Changing contribution to overall mortality and coronary heart disease mortality in Scotland 1979-1992
    • Murdoch DR, Love MP, Robb SD, McDonagh TA, Davie AP, Ford I, et al. Importance of heart failure as a cause of death. Changing contribution to overall mortality and coronary heart disease mortality in Scotland 1979-1992. Eur Heart J. 1998;19:1829-35.
    • (1998) Eur Heart J , vol.19 , pp. 1829-1835
    • Murdoch, D.R.1    Love, M.P.2    Robb, S.D.3    McDonagh, T.A.4    Davie, A.P.5    Ford, I.6
  • 30
    • 0034609529 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evidence of improving prognosis in heart failure: Trends in case fatality in 66 547 patients hospitalized between 1986 and 1995
    • MacIntyre K, Capewell S, Stewart S, Chalmers JW, Boyd J, Finlayson A, et al. Evidence of improving prognosis in heart failure: trends in case fatality in 66 547 patients hospitalized between 1986 and 1995. Circulation. 2000;102:1126-31.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.102 , pp. 1126-1131
    • MacIntyre, K.1    Capewell, S.2    Stewart, S.3    Chalmers, J.W.4    Boyd, J.5    Finlayson, A.6
  • 31
    • 0038486184 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognosis for patients newly admitted to hospital with heart failure: Survival trends in 12 220 index admissions in Leicestershire 1993-2001
    • Blackledge HM, Tomlinson J, Squire IB. Prognosis for patients newly admitted to hospital with heart failure: survival trends in 12 220 index admissions in Leicestershire 1993-2001. Heart. 2003;89:615-20.
    • (2003) Heart , vol.89 , pp. 615-620
    • Blackledge, H.M.1    Tomlinson, J.2    Squire, I.B.3
  • 32
    • 1542286093 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Decreasing one-year mortality and hospitalization rates for heart failure in Sweden; data from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Registry 1988 to 2000
    • Schaufelberger M, Swedberg K, Koster M, Rosen M, Rosengren A. Decreasing one-year mortality and hospitalization rates for heart failure in Sweden; data from the Swedish Hospital Discharge Registry 1988 to 2000. Eur Heart J. 2004;25:300-7.
    • (2004) Eur Heart J , vol.25 , pp. 300-307
    • Schaufelberger, M.1    Swedberg, K.2    Koster, M.3    Rosen, M.4    Rosengren, A.5
  • 34
    • 0034820506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • More 'malignant' than cancer? Five-year survival following a first admission for heart failure
    • Stewart S, MacIntyre K, Hole DJ, Capewell S, McMurray JJ. More 'malignant' than cancer? Five-year survival following a first admission for heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2001;3:315-22.
    • (2001) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.3 , pp. 315-322
    • Stewart, S.1    MacIntyre, K.2    Hole, D.J.3    Capewell, S.4    McMurray, J.J.5
  • 35
    • 0034024566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival of patients with a new diagnosis of heart failure: A population based study
    • Cowie MR, Wood DA, Coats AJ, Thompson SG, Suresh V, Poole-Wilson PA, et al. Survival of patients with a new diagnosis of heart failure: a population based study. Heart. 2000;83:505-10.
    • (2000) Heart , vol.83 , pp. 505-510
    • Cowie, M.R.1    Wood, D.A.2    Coats, A.J.3    Thompson, S.G.4    Suresh, V.5    Poole-Wilson, P.A.6
  • 36
    • 0025762490 scopus 로고
    • Validity of clinical diagnosis of heart failure in primary health care
    • Remes J, Miettinen H, Reunanen A, Pyorala K. Validity of clinical diagnosis of heart failure in primary health care. Eur Heart J. 1991;12:315-21.
    • (1991) Eur Heart J , vol.12 , pp. 315-321
    • Remes, J.1    Miettinen, H.2    Reunanen, A.3    Pyorala, K.4
  • 38
    • 33746033433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in a population-based study
    • Bhatia RS, Tu JV, Lee DS, Austin PC, Fang J, Haouzi A, et al. Outcome of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction in a population-based study. N Engl J Med. 2006;355:260-9.
    • (2006) N Engl J Med , vol.355 , pp. 260-269
    • Bhatia, R.S.1    Tu, J.V.2    Lee, D.S.3    Austin, P.C.4    Fang, J.5    Haouzi, A.6
  • 41
    • 38349086961 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification of the cardiomyopathies: A position statement from the European Society Of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases
    • Elliott P, Andersson B, Arbustini E, Bilinska Z, Cecchi F, Charron P, et al. Classification of the cardiomyopathies: a position statement from the European Society Of Cardiology Working Group on Myocardial and Pericardial Diseases. Eur Heart J. 2008;29:270-6.
    • (2008) Eur Heart J , vol.29 , pp. 270-276
    • Elliott, P.1    Andersson, B.2    Arbustini, E.3    Bilinska, Z.4    Cecchi, F.5    Charron, P.6
  • 42
    • 33646693410 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contemporary definitions and classification of the cardiomyopathies: An American Heart Association Scientific Statement from the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Heart Failure and Transplantation Committee; Quality of Care and Outcomes Research and Functional Genomics and Translational Biology Interdisciplinary Working Groups; and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention
    • Maron BJ, Towbin JA, Thiene G, Antzelevitch C, Corrado D, Arnett D, et al. Contemporary definitions and classification of the cardiomyopathies: an American Heart Association Scientific Statement from the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Heart Failure and Transplantation Committee; Quality of Care and Outcomes Research and Functional Genomics and Translational Biology Interdisciplinary Working Groups; and Council on Epidemiology and Prevention. Circulation. 2006;113:1807-16.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113 , pp. 1807-1816
    • Maron, B.J.1    Towbin, J.A.2    Thiene, G.3    Antzelevitch, C.4    Corrado, D.5    Arnett, D.6
  • 44
    • 0026699989 scopus 로고
    • Assessment of patient outcome with the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire: Reliability and validity during a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pimobendan. Pimobendan Multicenter Research Group
    • Rector TS, Cohn JN. Assessment of patient outcome with the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire: reliability and validity during a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of pimobendan. Pimobendan Multicenter Research Group. Am Heart J. 1992;124:1017-25.
    • (1992) Am Heart J , vol.124 , pp. 1017-1025
    • Rector, T.S.1    Cohn, J.N.2
  • 45
    • 0027569430 scopus 로고
    • The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): II. Psychometric and clinical tests of validity in measuring physical and mental health constructs
    • McHorney CA, Ware JE Jr, Raczek AE. The MOS 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36): II. Psychometric and clinical tests of validity in measuring physical and mental health constructs. Med Care. 1993;31:247-63.
    • (1993) Med Care , vol.31 , pp. 247-263
    • McHorney, C.A.1    Ware Jr, J.E.2    Raczek, A.E.3
  • 46
    • 0034039691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and evaluation of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire: A new health status measure for heart failure
    • Green CP, Porter CB, Bresnahan DR, Spertus JA. Development and evaluation of the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire: a new health status measure for heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35:1245-55.
    • (2000) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.35 , pp. 1245-1255
    • Green, C.P.1    Porter, C.B.2    Bresnahan, D.R.3    Spertus, J.A.4
  • 47
    • 0026748368 scopus 로고
    • Implications of third heart sounds in patients with valvular heart disease. The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on Valvular Heart Disease
    • Folland ED, Kriegel BJ, Henderson WG, Hammermeister KE, Sethi GK. Implications of third heart sounds in patients with valvular heart disease. The Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on Valvular Heart Disease. N Engl J Med. 1992;327:458-62.
    • (1992) N Engl J Med , vol.327 , pp. 458-462
    • Folland, E.D.1    Kriegel, B.J.2    Henderson, W.G.3    Hammermeister, K.E.4    Sethi, G.K.5
  • 48
    • 0023355080 scopus 로고
    • Interobserver agreement by auscultation in the presence of a third heart sound in patients with congestive heart failure
    • Ishmail AA, Wing S, Ferguson J, Hutchinson TA, Magder S, Flegel KM. Interobserver agreement by auscultation in the presence of a third heart sound in patients with congestive heart failure. Chest. 1987;91:870-3.
    • (1987) Chest , vol.91 , pp. 870-873
    • Ishmail, A.A.1    Wing, S.2    Ferguson, J.3    Hutchinson, T.A.4    Magder, S.5    Flegel, K.M.6
  • 49
    • 0024497513 scopus 로고
    • The limited reliability of physical signs for estimating hemodynamics in chronic heart failure
    • Stevenson LW, Perloff JK. The limited reliability of physical signs for estimating hemodynamics in chronic heart failure. JAMA. 1989;261:884-8.
    • (1989) JAMA , vol.261 , pp. 884-888
    • Stevenson, L.W.1    Perloff, J.K.2
  • 50
    • 0023881287 scopus 로고
    • Reliability of eliciting physical signs in examination of the chest
    • Spiteri MA, Cook DG, Clarke SW. Reliability of eliciting physical signs in examination of the chest. Lancet. 1988;1:873-5.
    • (1988) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 873-875
    • Spiteri, M.A.1    Cook, D.G.2    Clarke, S.W.3
  • 51
    • 0035940039 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic importance of elevated jugular venous pressure and a third heart sound in patients with heart failure
    • Drazner MH, Rame JE, Stevenson LW, Dries DL. Prognostic importance of elevated jugular venous pressure and a third heart sound in patients with heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:574-81.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 574-581
    • Drazner, M.H.1    Rame, J.E.2    Stevenson, L.W.3    Dries, D.L.4
  • 52
    • 0027368290 scopus 로고
    • Relation of pathophysiologic mechanisms to outcome in heart failure
    • Poole-Wilson PA. Relation of pathophysiologic mechanisms to outcome in heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;22 Suppl A:A22-9.
    • (1993) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.22 , Issue.SUPPL. A
    • Poole-Wilson, P.A.1
  • 53
    • 0022578504 scopus 로고
    • Factors determining symptoms in heart failure: Comparison of fast and slow exercise tests
    • Lipkin DP, Canepa-Anson R, Stephens MR, Poole-Wilson PA. Factors determining symptoms in heart failure: comparison of fast and slow exercise tests. Br Heart J. 1986;55:439-45.
    • (1986) Br Heart J , vol.55 , pp. 439-445
    • Lipkin, D.P.1    Canepa-Anson, R.2    Stephens, M.R.3    Poole-Wilson, P.A.4
  • 54
    • 0030297870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise limitation in chronic heart failure: Central role of the periphery
    • Clark AL, Poole-Wilson PA, Coats AJ. Exercise limitation in chronic heart failure: central role of the periphery. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;28:1092-102.
    • (1996) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.28 , pp. 1092-1102
    • Clark, A.L.1    Poole-Wilson, P.A.2    Coats, A.J.3
  • 55
    • 0027396911 scopus 로고
    • Exertional fatigue due to skeletal muscle dysfunction in patients with heart failure
    • Wilson JR, Mancini DM, Dunkman WB. Exertional fatigue due to skeletal muscle dysfunction in patients with heart failure. Circulation. 1993;87:470-5.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.87 , pp. 470-475
    • Wilson, J.R.1    Mancini, D.M.2    Dunkman, W.B.3
  • 56
    • 0030296906 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Role of skeletal muscle in the syndrome of chronic heart failure
    • Poole-Wilson PA, Ferrari R. Role of skeletal muscle in the syndrome of chronic heart failure. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1996;28:2275-85.
    • (1996) J Mol Cell Cardiol , vol.28 , pp. 2275-2285
    • Poole-Wilson, P.A.1    Ferrari, R.2
  • 57
    • 0014138362 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit. A two year experience with 250 patients
    • Killip T 3rd, Kimball JT. Treatment of myocardial infarction in a coronary care unit. A two year experience with 250 patients. Am J Cardiol. 1967;20:457-64.
    • (1967) Am J Cardiol , vol.20 , pp. 457-464
    • Killip 3rd, T.1    Kimball, J.T.2
  • 58
    • 0017332333 scopus 로고
    • Correlative classification of clinical and hemodynamic function after acute myocardial infarction
    • Forrester JS, Diamond GA, Swan HJ. Correlative classification of clinical and hemodynamic function after acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 1977;39:137-45.
    • (1977) Am J Cardiol , vol.39 , pp. 137-145
    • Forrester, J.S.1    Diamond, G.A.2    Swan, H.J.3
  • 59
    • 0037130155 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rapid measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency diagnosis of heart failure
    • Maisel AS, Krishnaswamy P, Nowak RM, McCord J, Hollander JE, Duc P, et al. Rapid measurement of B-type natriuretic peptide in the emergency diagnosis of heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2002;347:161-7.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.347 , pp. 161-167
    • Maisel, A.S.1    Krishnaswamy, P.2    Nowak, R.M.3    McCord, J.4    Hollander, J.E.5    Duc, P.6
  • 61
    • 34247135389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plasma brain natriuretic peptide-guided therapy to improve outcome in heart failure: The STARS-BNP Multicenter Study
    • Jourdain P, Jondeau G, Funck F, Gueffet P, Le Helloco A, Donal E, et al. Plasma brain natriuretic peptide-guided therapy to improve outcome in heart failure: the STARS-BNP Multicenter Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:1733-9.
    • (2007) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.49 , pp. 1733-1739
    • Jourdain, P.1    Jondeau, G.2    Funck, F.3    Gueffet, P.4    Le Helloco, A.5    Donal, E.6
  • 62
    • 0034176934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of heart failure guided by plasma aminoterminal brain natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) concentrations
    • Troughton RW, Frampton CM, Yandle TG, Espiner EA, Nicholls MG, Richards AM. Treatment of heart failure guided by plasma aminoterminal brain natriuretic peptide (N-BNP) concentrations. Lancet. 2000;355:1126-30.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.355 , pp. 1126-1130
    • Troughton, R.W.1    Frampton, C.M.2    Yandle, T.G.3    Espiner, E.A.4    Nicholls, M.G.5    Richards, A.M.6
  • 63
    • 34547692626 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of plasma biomarkers in acute heart failure. Serial changes and independent prognostic value of NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin-T
    • Metra M, Nodari S, Parrinello G, Specchia C, Brentana L, Rocca P, et al. The role of plasma biomarkers in acute heart failure. Serial changes and independent prognostic value of NT-proBNP and cardiac troponin-T. Eur J Heart Fail. 2007;9:776-86.
    • (2007) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.9 , pp. 776-786
    • Metra, M.1    Nodari, S.2    Parrinello, G.3    Specchia, C.4    Brentana, L.5    Rocca, P.6
  • 64
    • 34548525319 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How to diagnose diastolic heart failure: A consensus statement on the diagnosis of heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction by the Heart Failure and Echocardiography Associations of the European Society of Cardiology
    • Paulus WJ, Tschope C, Sanderson JE, Rusconi C, Flachskampf FA, Rademakers FE, et al. How to diagnose diastolic heart failure: a consensus statement on the diagnosis of heart failure with normal left ventricular ejection fraction by the Heart Failure and Echocardiography Associations of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:2539-50.
    • (2007) Eur Heart J , vol.28 , pp. 2539-2550
    • Paulus, W.J.1    Tschope, C.2    Sanderson, J.E.3    Rusconi, C.4    Flachskampf, F.A.5    Rademakers, F.E.6
  • 66
    • 33749061448 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hendel RC, Patel MR, Kramer CM, Poon M, Hendel RC, Carr JC, et al. ACCF/ACR/SCCT/SCMR/ASNC/NASCI/SCAI/SIR 2006 appropriateness criteria for cardiac computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Quality Strategic Directions Committee Appropriateness Criteria Working Group, American College of Radiology, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, North American Society for Cardiac Imaging, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Interventional Radiology. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48:1475-97.
    • Hendel RC, Patel MR, Kramer CM, Poon M, Hendel RC, Carr JC, et al. ACCF/ACR/SCCT/SCMR/ASNC/NASCI/SCAI/SIR 2006 appropriateness criteria for cardiac computed tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation Quality Strategic Directions Committee Appropriateness Criteria Working Group, American College of Radiology, Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography, Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, American Society of Nuclear Cardiology, North American Society for Cardiac Imaging, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, and Society of Interventional Radiology. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48:1475-97.
  • 67
    • 37149050464 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of endomyocardial biopsy in the management of cardiovascular disease: A scientific statement from the American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology, and the European Society of Cardiology Endorsed by the Heart Failure Society of America and the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
    • Cooper LT, Baughman KL, Feldman AM, Frustaci A, Jessup M, Kuhl U, et al. The role of endomyocardial biopsy in the management of cardiovascular disease: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association, the American College of Cardiology, and the European Society of Cardiology Endorsed by the Heart Failure Society of America and the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:3076-93.
    • (2007) Eur Heart J , vol.28 , pp. 3076-3093
    • Cooper, L.T.1    Baughman, K.L.2    Feldman, A.M.3    Frustaci, A.4    Jessup, M.5    Kuhl, U.6
  • 68
    • 0042441064 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Development and testing of the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behaviour Scale
    • Jaarsma T, Strömberg A, Martensson J, Dracup K. Development and testing of the European Heart Failure Self-Care Behaviour Scale. Eur J Heart Fail. 2003;5:363-70.
    • (2003) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.5 , pp. 363-370
    • Jaarsma, T.1    Strömberg, A.2    Martensson, J.3    Dracup, K.4
  • 69
    • 28844455699 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Adherence to candesartan and placebo and outcomes in chronic heart failure in the CHARM programme: Double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial
    • Granger BB, Swedberg K, Ekman I, Granger CB, Olofsson B, McMurray JJ, et al. Adherence to candesartan and placebo and outcomes in chronic heart failure in the CHARM programme: double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial. Lancet. 2005;366:2005-11.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.366 , pp. 2005-2011
    • Granger, B.B.1    Swedberg, K.2    Ekman, I.3    Granger, C.B.4    Olofsson, B.5    McMurray, J.J.6
  • 70
    • 0034202545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A closer look at compliance research in heart failure patients in the last decade
    • Evangelista LS, Dracup K. A closer look at compliance research in heart failure patients in the last decade. Prog Cardiovasc Nurs. 2000;15:97-103.
    • (2000) Prog Cardiovasc Nurs , vol.15 , pp. 97-103
    • Evangelista, L.S.1    Dracup, K.2
  • 72
    • 35448942357 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recall of lifestyle advice in patients recently hospitalised with heart failure: A EuroHeart Failure Survey analysis
    • Lainscak M, Cleland J, Lenzen MJ. Recall of lifestyle advice in patients recently hospitalised with heart failure: a EuroHeart Failure Survey analysis. Eur J Heart Fail. 2007;9:1095-103.
    • (2007) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.9 , pp. 1095-1103
    • Lainscak, M.1    Cleland, J.2    Lenzen, M.J.3
  • 74
    • 13844281506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The crucial role of patient education in heart failure
    • Stromberg A. The crucial role of patient education in heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2005;7:363-9.
    • (2005) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.7 , pp. 363-369
    • Stromberg, A.1
  • 77
    • 26644469841 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical deterioration in established heart failure: What is the value of BNP and weight gain in aiding diagnosis?
    • Lewin J, Ledwidge M, O'Loughlin C, McNally C, McDonald K. Clinical deterioration in established heart failure: what is the value of BNP and weight gain in aiding diagnosis? Eur J Heart Fail. 2005;7:953-7.
    • (2005) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.7 , pp. 953-957
    • Lewin, J.1    Ledwidge, M.2    O'Loughlin, C.3    McNally, C.4    McDonald, K.5
  • 78
    • 33947516282 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluid restriction in the management of decompensated heart failure: No impact on time to clinical stability
    • Travers B, O'Loughlin C, Murphy NF, Ryder M, Conlon C, Ledwidge M, et al. Fluid restriction in the management of decompensated heart failure: no impact on time to clinical stability. J Card Fail. 2007;13:128-32.
    • (2007) J Card Fail , vol.13 , pp. 128-132
    • Travers, B.1    O'Loughlin, C.2    Murphy, N.F.3    Ryder, M.4    Conlon, C.5    Ledwidge, M.6
  • 80
    • 0037471843 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prognostic importance of weight loss in chronic heart failure and the effect of treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: An observational study
    • Anker SD, Negassa A, Coats AJ, Afzal R, Poole-Wilson PA, Cohn JN, et al. Prognostic importance of weight loss in chronic heart failure and the effect of treatment with angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: an observational study. Lancet. 2003;361:1077-83.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.361 , pp. 1077-1083
    • Anker, S.D.1    Negassa, A.2    Coats, A.J.3    Afzal, R.4    Poole-Wilson, P.A.5    Cohn, J.N.6
  • 82
    • 0034672488 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of a history of tobacco and alcohol use in predicting multiple heart failure readmissions among veterans
    • Evangelista LS, Doering LV, Dracup K. Usefulness of a history of tobacco and alcohol use in predicting multiple heart failure readmissions among veterans. Am J Cardiol. 2000;86:1339-42.
    • (2000) Am J Cardiol , vol.86 , pp. 1339-1342
    • Evangelista, L.S.1    Doering, L.V.2    Dracup, K.3
  • 83
    • 0035040373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship of current and past smoking to mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction
    • Suskin N, Sheth T, Negassa A, Yusuf S. Relationship of current and past smoking to mortality and morbidity in patients with left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37:1677-82.
    • (2001) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.37 , pp. 1677-1682
    • Suskin, N.1    Sheth, T.2    Negassa, A.3    Yusuf, S.4
  • 84
    • 0037417219 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influenza vaccination and reduction in hospitalizations for cardiac disease and stroke among the elderly
    • Nichol KL, Nordin J, Mullooly J, Lask R, Fillbrandt K, Iwane M. Influenza vaccination and reduction in hospitalizations for cardiac disease and stroke among the elderly. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1322-32.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 1322-1332
    • Nichol, K.L.1    Nordin, J.2    Mullooly, J.3    Lask, R.4    Fillbrandt, K.5    Iwane, M.6
  • 85
    • 35148892823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: Executive summary
    • Graham I, Atar D, Borch-Johnsen K, Boysen G, Burell G, Cifkova R, et al. European guidelines on cardiovascular disease prevention in clinical practice: executive summary. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:2375-414.
    • (2007) Eur Heart J , vol.28 , pp. 2375-2414
    • Graham, I.1    Atar, D.2    Borch-Johnsen, K.3    Boysen, G.4    Burell, G.5    Cifkova, R.6
  • 86
    • 0031836109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Overview of studies of exercise training in chronic heart failure: The need for a prospective randomized multicentre European trial
    • Piepoli MF, Flather M, Coats AJ. Overview of studies of exercise training in chronic heart failure: the need for a prospective randomized multicentre European trial. Eur Heart J. 1998;19:830-41.
    • (1998) Eur Heart J , vol.19 , pp. 830-841
    • Piepoli, M.F.1    Flather, M.2    Coats, A.J.3
  • 87
    • 2342655821 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise training for patients with heart failure: A systematic review of factors that improve mortality and morbidity
    • Smart N, Marwick TH. Exercise training for patients with heart failure: a systematic review of factors that improve mortality and morbidity. Am J Med. 2004;116:693-706.
    • (2004) Am J Med , vol.116 , pp. 693-706
    • Smart, N.1    Marwick, T.H.2
  • 88
    • 0034943667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for exercise training in chronic heart failure patients
    • Recommendations for exercise training in chronic heart failure patients. Eur Heart J. 2001;22:125-35.
    • (2001) Eur Heart J , vol.22 , pp. 125-135
  • 89
    • 0742287196 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exercise training meta-analysis of trials in patients with chronic heart failure (ExTraMATCH)
    • Piepoli MF, Davos C, Francis DP, Coats AJ. Exercise training meta-analysis of trials in patients with chronic heart failure (ExTraMATCH). BMJ. 2004;328:189.
    • (2004) BMJ , vol.328 , pp. 189
    • Piepoli, M.F.1    Davos, C.2    Francis, D.P.3    Coats, A.J.4
  • 92
    • 33644861801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sleep and exertional periodic breathing in chronic heart failure: Prognostic importance and interdependence
    • Corra U, Pistono M, Mezzani A, Braghiroli A, Giordano A, Lanfranchi P, et al. Sleep and exertional periodic breathing in chronic heart failure: prognostic importance and interdependence. Circulation. 2006;113:44-50.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113 , pp. 44-50
    • Corra, U.1    Pistono, M.2    Mezzani, A.3    Braghiroli, A.4    Giordano, A.5    Lanfranchi, P.6
  • 93
    • 23844432613 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The link between obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure: Underappreciated opportunity for treatment
    • Naughton MT. The link between obstructive sleep apnea and heart failure: underappreciated opportunity for treatment. Curr Cardiol Rep. 2005;7:211-5.
    • (2005) Curr Cardiol Rep , vol.7 , pp. 211-215
    • Naughton, M.T.1
  • 94
    • 33749531197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Depression in heart failure a meta-analytic review of prevalence, intervention effects, and associations with clinical outcomes
    • Rutledge T, Reis VA, Linke SE, Greenberg BH, Mills PJ. Depression in heart failure a meta-analytic review of prevalence, intervention effects, and associations with clinical outcomes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48:1527-37.
    • (2006) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.48 , pp. 1527-1537
    • Rutledge, T.1    Reis, V.A.2    Linke, S.E.3    Greenberg, B.H.4    Mills, P.J.5
  • 95
    • 0023266532 scopus 로고
    • Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure. Results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS). The CONSENSUS Trial Study Group
    • Effects of enalapril on mortality in severe congestive heart failure. Results of the Cooperative North Scandinavian Enalapril Survival Study (CONSENSUS). The CONSENSUS Trial Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1987;316:1429-35.
    • (1987) N Engl J Med , vol.316 , pp. 1429-1435
  • 96
    • 0025913812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. The SOLVD Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:293-302
    • Effect of enalapril on survival in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fractions and congestive heart failure. The SOLVD Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:293-302.
  • 97
    • 4143055922 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multidisciplinary strategies for the management of heart failure patients at high risk for admission: A systematic review of randomized trials
    • McAlister FA, Stewart S, Ferrua S, McMurray JJ. Multidisciplinary strategies for the management of heart failure patients at high risk for admission: a systematic review of randomized trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;44:810-9.
    • (2004) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.44 , pp. 810-819
    • McAlister, F.A.1    Stewart, S.2    Ferrua, S.3    McMurray, J.J.4
  • 98
    • 0033534085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of low and high doses of the angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure. ATLAS Study Group
    • Packer M, Poole-Wilson PA, Armstrong PW, Cleland JG, Horowitz JD, Massie BM, et al. Comparative effects of low and high doses of the angiotensin- converting enzyme inhibitor, lisinopril, on morbidity and mortality in chronic heart failure. ATLAS Study Group. Circulation. 1999;100:2312-8.
    • (1999) Circulation , vol.100 , pp. 2312-2318
    • Packer, M.1    Poole-Wilson, P.A.2    Armstrong, P.W.3    Cleland, J.G.4    Horowitz, J.D.5    Massie, B.M.6
  • 99
    • 23744514591 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practical recommendations for the use of ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, aldosterone antagonists and angiotensin receptor blockers in heart failure: Putting guidelines into practice
    • McMurray J, Cohen-Solal A, Dietz R, Eichhorn E, Erhardt L, Hobbs R, et al. Practical recommendations for the use of ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, aldosterone antagonists and angiotensin receptor blockers in heart failure: putting guidelines into practice. Eur J Heart Fail. 2005;17:710-21.
    • (2005) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.17 , pp. 710-721
    • McMurray, J.1    Cohen-Solal, A.2    Dietz, R.3    Eichhorn, E.4    Erhardt, L.5    Hobbs, R.6
  • 100
    • 0033514046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): A randomised trial
    • The Cardiac Insufficiency Bisoprolol Study II (CIBIS-II): a randomised trial. Lancet. 1999;353:9-13.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 9-13
  • 101
    • 0033549290 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF)
    • Effect of metoprolol CR/XL in chronic heart failure: Metoprolol CR/XL Randomised Intervention Trial in Congestive Heart Failure (MERIT-HF). Lancet. 1999;353:2001-7.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , pp. 2001-2007
  • 102
    • 0034104565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of controlled-release metoprolol on total mortality, hospitalizations, and well-being in patients with heart failure: The Metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF). MERIT-HF Study Group
    • Hjalmarson A, Goldstein S, Fagerberg B, Wedel H, Waagstein F, Kjekshus J, et al. Effects of controlled-release metoprolol on total mortality, hospitalizations, and well-being in patients with heart failure: the Metoprolol CR/XL Randomized Intervention Trial in congestive heart failure (MERIT-HF). MERIT-HF Study Group. JAMA. 2000;283:1295-302.
    • (2000) JAMA , vol.283 , pp. 1295-1302
    • Hjalmarson, A.1    Goldstein, S.2    Fagerberg, B.3    Wedel, H.4    Waagstein, F.5    Kjekshus, J.6
  • 104
    • 0037159310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of carvedilol on the morbidity of patients with severe chronic heart failure: Results of the carvedilol prospective randomized cumulative survival (COPERNICUS) study
    • Packer M, Fowler MB, Roecker EB, Coats AJ, Katus HA, Krum H, et al. Effect of carvedilol on the morbidity of patients with severe chronic heart failure: results of the carvedilol prospective randomized cumulative survival (COPERNICUS) study. Circulation. 2002;106:2194-9.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.106 , pp. 2194-2199
    • Packer, M.1    Fowler, M.B.2    Roecker, E.B.3    Coats, A.J.4    Katus, H.A.5    Krum, H.6
  • 105
    • 13544258730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial to determine the effect of nebivolol on mortality and cardiovascular hospital admission in elderly patients with heart failure (SENIORS)
    • Flather MD, Shibata MC, Coats AJ, Van Veldhuisen DJ, Parkhomenko A, Borbola J, et al. Randomized trial to determine the effect of nebivolol on mortality and cardiovascular hospital admission in elderly patients with heart failure (SENIORS). Eur Heart J. 2005;26:215-25.
    • (2005) Eur Heart J , vol.26 , pp. 215-225
    • Flather, M.D.1    Shibata, M.C.2    Coats, A.J.3    Van Veldhuisen, D.J.4    Parkhomenko, A.5    Borbola, J.6
  • 106
    • 0035978801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A trial of the betablocker bucindolol in patients with advanced CHF
    • The Beta-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial Investigators
    • The Beta-Blocker Evaluation of Survival Trial Investigators. A trial of the betablocker bucindolol in patients with advanced CHF. N Engl J Med. 2001;344:1659-67.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 1659-1667
  • 107
    • 3142776467 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of carvedilol and metoprolol on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure in the Carvedilol Or Metoprolol European Trial (COMET): Randomised controlled trial
    • Poole-Wilson PA, Swedberg K, Cleland JG, Di Lenarda A, Hanrath P, Komajda M, et al. Comparison of carvedilol and metoprolol on clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure in the Carvedilol Or Metoprolol European Trial (COMET): randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2003;362:7-13.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 7-13
    • Poole-Wilson, P.A.1    Swedberg, K.2    Cleland, J.G.3    Di Lenarda, A.4    Hanrath, P.5    Komajda, M.6
  • 108
    • 0033517302 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators
    • Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, Cody R, Castaigne A, Perez A, et al. The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:709-17.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 709-717
    • Pitt, B.1    Zannad, F.2    Remme, W.J.3    Cody, R.4    Castaigne, A.5    Perez, A.6
  • 109
    • 0037417252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction
    • Pitt B, Remme W, Zannad F, Neaton J, Martinez F, Roniker B, et al. Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in patients with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2003;348:1309-21.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.348 , pp. 1309-1321
    • Pitt, B.1    Remme, W.2    Zannad, F.3    Neaton, J.4    Martinez, F.5    Roniker, B.6
  • 110
    • 3442886513 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rates of hyperkalemia after publication of the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study
    • Juurlink DN, Mamdani MM, Lee DS, Kopp A, Austin PC, Laupacis A, et al. Rates of hyperkalemia after publication of the Randomized Aldactone Evaluation Study. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:543-51.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 543-551
    • Juurlink, D.N.1    Mamdani, M.M.2    Lee, D.S.3    Kopp, A.4    Austin, P.C.5    Laupacis, A.6
  • 111
    • 0035818884 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized trial of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failure
    • Cohn JN, Tognoni G. A randomized trial of the angiotensin-receptor blocker valsartan in chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1667-75.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.345 , pp. 1667-1675
    • Cohn, J.N.1    Tognoni, G.2
  • 112
    • 0041408235 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: The CHARM-Added trial
    • McMurray JJ, Ostergren J, Swedberg K, Granger CB, Held P, Michelson EL, et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function taking angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Added trial. Lancet. 2003;362:767-71.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 767-771
    • McMurray, J.J.1    Ostergren, J.2    Swedberg, K.3    Granger, C.B.4    Held, P.5    Michelson, E.L.6
  • 113
    • 0041909380 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function intolerant to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: The CHARM-Alternative trial
    • Granger CB, McMurray JJ, Yusuf S, Held P, Michelson EL, Olofsson B, et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and reduced left-ventricular systolic function intolerant to angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors: the CHARM-Alternative trial. Lancet. 2003;362:772-6.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 772-776
    • Granger, C.B.1    McMurray, J.J.2    Yusuf, S.3    Held, P.4    Michelson, E.L.5    Olofsson, B.6
  • 114
    • 0242490542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both
    • Pfeffer MA, McMurray JJ, Velazquez EJ, Rouleau JL, Kober L, Maggioni AP, et al. Valsartan, captopril, or both in myocardial infarction complicated by heart failure, left ventricular dysfunction, or both. N Engl J Med. 2003;349:1893-906.
    • (2003) N Engl J Med , vol.349 , pp. 1893-1906
    • Pfeffer, M.A.1    McMurray, J.J.2    Velazquez, E.J.3    Rouleau, J.L.4    Kober, L.5    Maggioni, A.P.6
  • 115
    • 0037036971 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of losartan and captopril on mortality and morbidity in high-risk patients after acute myocardial infarction: The OPTIMAAL randomised trial. Optimal Trial in Myocardial Infarction with Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan
    • Dickstein K, Kjekshus J. Effects of losartan and captopril on mortality and morbidity in high-risk patients after acute myocardial infarction: the OPTIMAAL randomised trial. Optimal Trial in Myocardial Infarction with Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan. Lancet. 2002;360:752-60.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.360 , pp. 752-760
    • Dickstein, K.1    Kjekshus, J.2
  • 116
    • 8744241515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Which inhibitor of the renin-angiotensin system should be used in chronic heart failure and acute myocardial infarction?
    • McMurray JJ, Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K, Dzau VJ. Which inhibitor of the renin-angiotensin system should be used in chronic heart failure and acute myocardial infarction? Circulation. 2004;110:3281-8.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.110 , pp. 3281-3288
    • McMurray, J.J.1    Pfeffer, M.A.2    Swedberg, K.3    Dzau, V.J.4
  • 117
    • 0025770138 scopus 로고
    • A comparison of enalapril with hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure
    • Cohn JN, Johnson G, Ziesche S, Cobb F, Francis G, Tristani F, et al. A comparison of enalapril with hydralazine-isosorbide dinitrate in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 1991;325:303-10.
    • (1991) N Engl J Med , vol.325 , pp. 303-310
    • Cohn, J.N.1    Johnson, G.2    Ziesche, S.3    Cobb, F.4    Francis, G.5    Tristani, F.6
  • 119
    • 0027297873 scopus 로고
    • Effect of enalapril, hydralazine plus isosorbide dinitrate, and prazosin on hospitalization in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. The V-HeFT VA Cooperative Studies Group
    • Loeb HS, Johnson G, Henrick A, Smith R, Wilson J, Cremo R, et al. Effect of enalapril, hydralazine plus isosorbide dinitrate, and prazosin on hospitalization in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. The V-HeFT VA Cooperative Studies Group. Circulation. 1993;87 Suppl:VI78-87.
    • (1993) Circulation , vol.87 , Issue.SUPPL.
    • Loeb, H.S.1    Johnson, G.2    Henrick, A.3    Smith, R.4    Wilson, J.5    Cremo, R.6
  • 120
    • 0031051347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure. The Digitalis Investigation Group
    • The effect of digoxin on mortality and morbidity in patients with heart failure. The Digitalis Investigation Group. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:525-33.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.336 , pp. 525-533
  • 121
    • 3042749416 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Digitalis for treatment of congestive heart failure in patients in sinus rhythm: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Hood WB Jr, Dans AL, Guyatt GH, Jaeschke R, McMurray JJ. Digitalis for treatment of congestive heart failure in patients in sinus rhythm: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Card Fail. 2004;10:155-64.
    • (2004) J Card Fail , vol.10 , pp. 155-164
    • Hood Jr, W.B.1    Dans, A.L.2    Guyatt, G.H.3    Jaeschke, R.4    McMurray, J.J.5
  • 123
    • 0036174131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Current evidence supporting the role of diuretics in heart failure: A meta analysis of randomised controlled trials
    • Faris R, Flather M, Purcell H, Henein M, Poole-Wilson P, Coats A. Current evidence supporting the role of diuretics in heart failure: a meta analysis of randomised controlled trials. Int J Cardiol. 2002;82:149-58.
    • (2002) Int J Cardiol , vol.82 , pp. 149-158
    • Faris, R.1    Flather, M.2    Purcell, H.3    Henein, M.4    Poole-Wilson, P.5    Coats, A.6
  • 124
    • 33748156096 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation-executive summary: A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation)
    • Fuster V, Ryden LE, Cannom DS, Crijns HJ, Curtis AB, Ellenbogen KA, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for the management of patients with atrial fibrillation-executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation). Eur Heart J. 2006;27:1979-2030.
    • (2006) Eur Heart J , vol.27 , pp. 1979-2030
    • Fuster, V.1    Ryden, L.E.2    Cannom, D.S.3    Crijns, H.J.4    Curtis, A.B.5    Ellenbogen, K.A.6
  • 125
    • 2942564768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Warfarin/Aspirin Study in Heart failure (WASH): A randomized trial comparing antithrombotic strategies for patients with heart failure
    • Cleland JG, Findlay I, Jafri S, Sutton G, Falk R, Bulpitt C, et al. The Warfarin/Aspirin Study in Heart failure (WASH): a randomized trial comparing antithrombotic strategies for patients with heart failure. Am Heart J. 2004;148:157-64.
    • (2004) Am Heart J , vol.148 , pp. 157-164
    • Cleland, J.G.1    Findlay, I.2    Jafri, S.3    Sutton, G.4    Falk, R.5    Bulpitt, C.6
  • 126
    • 2942556913 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trials update and cumulative meta-analyses from the American College of Cardiology: WATCH, SCD-HeFT, DINAMIT, CASINO, INSPIRE, STRATUS-US, RIO-lipids and cardiac resynchronisation therapy in heart failure
    • Cleland JG, Ghosh J, Freemantle N, Kaye GC, Nasir M, Clark AL, et al. Clinical trials update and cumulative meta-analyses from the American College of Cardiology: WATCH, SCD-HeFT, DINAMIT, CASINO, INSPIRE, STRATUS-US, RIO-lipids and cardiac resynchronisation therapy in heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2004;6:501-8.
    • (2004) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.6 , pp. 501-508
    • Cleland, J.G.1    Ghosh, J.2    Freemantle, N.3    Kaye, G.C.4    Nasir, M.5    Clark, A.L.6
  • 128
    • 0025129567 scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of verapamil for congestive heart failure associated with abnormal left ventricular diastolic filling and normal left ventricular systolic performance
    • Setaro JF, Zaret BL, Schulman DS, Black HR, Soufer R. Usefulness of verapamil for congestive heart failure associated with abnormal left ventricular diastolic filling and normal left ventricular systolic performance. Am J Cardiol. 1990;66:981-6.
    • (1990) Am J Cardiol , vol.66 , pp. 981-986
    • Setaro, J.F.1    Zaret, B.L.2    Schulman, D.S.3    Black, H.R.4    Soufer, R.5
  • 129
    • 0036156549 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of verapamil in elderly patients with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction as a cause of congestive heart failure
    • Hung MJ, Cherng WJ, Kuo LT, Wang CH. Effect of verapamil in elderly patients with left ventricular diastolic dysfunction as a cause of congestive heart failure. Int J Clin Pract. 2002;56:57-62.
    • (2002) Int J Clin Pract , vol.56 , pp. 57-62
    • Hung, M.J.1    Cherng, W.J.2    Kuo, L.T.3    Wang, C.H.4
  • 130
    • 0041408234 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: The CHARM-Preserved Trial
    • Yusuf S, Pfeffer MA, Swedberg K, Granger CB, Held P, McMurray JJ, et al. Effects of candesartan in patients with chronic heart failure and preserved left-ventricular ejection fraction: the CHARM-Preserved Trial. Lancet. 2003;362:777-81.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 777-781
    • Yusuf, S.1    Pfeffer, M.A.2    Swedberg, K.3    Granger, C.B.4    Held, P.5    McMurray, J.J.6
  • 134
    • 40049092106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Revascularization for ischemic cardiomyopathy
    • Shanmugan G, Légaré JF. Revascularization for ischemic cardiomyopathy. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2008;23:148-52.
    • (2008) Curr Opin Cardiol , vol.23 , pp. 148-152
    • Shanmugan, G.1    Légaré, J.F.2
  • 135
    • 34447326958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of myocardial viability in patients with heart failure
    • Schinkel AF, Poldermans D, Elhendy A, Bax JJ. Assessment of myocardial viability in patients with heart failure. J Nucl Med. 2007;48:1135-46.
    • (2007) J Nucl Med , vol.48 , pp. 1135-1146
    • Schinkel, A.F.1    Poldermans, D.2    Elhendy, A.3    Bax, J.J.4
  • 136
    • 33847134400 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease: The Task Force on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease of the European Society of Cardiology
    • Vahanian A, Baumgartner H, Bax J, Butchart E, Dion R, Filippatos G, et al. Guidelines on the management of valvular heart disease: The Task Force on the Management of Valvular Heart Disease of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:230-68.
    • (2007) Eur Heart J , vol.28 , pp. 230-268
    • Vahanian, A.1    Baumgartner, H.2    Bax, J.3    Butchart, E.4    Dion, R.5    Filippatos, G.6
  • 137
    • 0037123145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survival after aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis with low transvalvular gradients and severe left ventricular dysfunction
    • Pereira JJ, Lauer MS, Bashir M, Afridi I, Blackstone EH, Stewart WJ, et al. Survival after aortic valve replacement for severe aortic stenosis with low transvalvular gradients and severe left ventricular dysfunction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;9:1356-63.
    • (2002) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.9 , pp. 1356-1363
    • Pereira, J.J.1    Lauer, M.S.2    Bashir, M.3    Afridi, I.4    Blackstone, E.H.5    Stewart, W.J.6
  • 138
    • 34548793595 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy: The task force for cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association
    • Vardas PE, Auricchio A, Blanc JJ, Daubert JC, Drexler H, Ector H, et al. Guidelines for cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy: the task force for cardiac pacing and cardiac resynchronization therapy of the European Society of Cardiology. Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:2256-95.
    • (2007) Eur Heart J , vol.28 , pp. 2256-2295
    • Vardas, P.E.1    Auricchio, A.2    Blanc, J.J.3    Daubert, J.C.4    Drexler, H.5    Ector, H.6
  • 139
    • 42149105571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Patient selection and echocardiographic assessment of dyssynchrony in cardiac resynchronization therapy
    • Anderson L, Miyazaki C, Sutherland G, Oh J. Patient selection and echocardiographic assessment of dyssynchrony in cardiac resynchronization therapy. Circulation. 2008;117:2009-23.
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.117 , pp. 2009-2023
    • Anderson, L.1    Miyazaki, C.2    Sutherland, G.3    Oh, J.4
  • 142
    • 2442479695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardiac-resynchronization therapy with or without an implantable defibrillator in advanced chronic heart failure
    • Bristow MR, Saxon LA, Boehmer J, Krueger S, Kass DA, De Marco T, et al. Cardiac-resynchronization therapy with or without an implantable defibrillator in advanced chronic heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:2140-50.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.350 , pp. 2140-2150
    • Bristow, M.R.1    Saxon, L.A.2    Boehmer, J.3    Krueger, S.4    Kass, D.A.5    De Marco, T.6
  • 144
    • 33750910749 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on overall mortality and mode of death: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Rivero-Ayerza M, Theuns DA, Garcia-Garcia HM, Boersma E, Simoons M, Jordaens LJ. Effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on overall mortality and mode of death: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2682-8.
    • (2006) Eur Heart J , vol.27 , pp. 2682-2688
    • Rivero-Ayerza, M.1    Theuns, D.A.2    Garcia-Garcia, H.M.3    Boersma, E.4    Simoons, M.5    Jordaens, L.J.6
  • 145
    • 34547728666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early and sustained effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with moderate to severe heart failure and cardiac dyssynchrony
    • Fruhwald FM, Fahrleitner-Pammer A, Berger R, Leyva F, Freemantle N, Erdmann E, et al. Early and sustained effects of cardiac resynchronization therapy on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide in patients with moderate to severe heart failure and cardiac dyssynchrony. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:1592-7.
    • (2007) Eur Heart J , vol.28 , pp. 1592-1597
    • Fruhwald, F.M.1    Fahrleitner-Pammer, A.2    Berger, R.3    Leyva, F.4    Freemantle, N.5    Erdmann, E.6
  • 146
    • 0028208665 scopus 로고
    • Implantable cardioverter defibrillator compared with antiarrhythmic drug treatment in cardiac arrest survivors (the Cardiac Arrest Study Hamburg)
    • Siebels J, Kuck KH. Implantable cardioverter defibrillator compared with antiarrhythmic drug treatment in cardiac arrest survivors (the Cardiac Arrest Study Hamburg). Am Heart J. 1994;127:1139-44.
    • (1994) Am Heart J , vol.127 , pp. 1139-1144
    • Siebels, J.1    Kuck, K.H.2
  • 147
    • 9844224486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A comparison of antiarrhythmic-drug therapy with implantable defibrillators in patients resuscitated from near-fatal ventricular arrhythmias. The Antiarrhythmics versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:1576-83
    • A comparison of antiarrhythmic-drug therapy with implantable defibrillators in patients resuscitated from near-fatal ventricular arrhythmias. The Antiarrhythmics versus Implantable Defibrillators (AVID) Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:1576-83.
  • 148
    • 0034696531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Canadian implantable defibrillator study (CIDS): A randomized trial of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator against amiodarone
    • Connolly SJ, Gent M, Roberts RS, Dorian P, Roy D, Sheldon RS, et al. Canadian implantable defibrillator study (CIDS): a randomized trial of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator against amiodarone. Circulation. 2000;101:1297-302.
    • (2000) Circulation , vol.101 , pp. 1297-1302
    • Connolly, S.J.1    Gent, M.2    Roberts, R.S.3    Dorian, P.4    Roy, D.5    Sheldon, R.S.6
  • 149
    • 17744375757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Meta-analysis of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator secondary prevention trials. AVID, CASH and CIDS studies. Antiarrhythmics vs Implantable Defibrillator study. Cardiac Arrest Study Hamburg. Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study
    • Connolly SJ, Hallstrom AP, Cappato R, Schron EB, Kuck KH, Zipes DP, et al. Meta-analysis of the implantable cardioverter defibrillator secondary prevention trials. AVID, CASH and CIDS studies. Antiarrhythmics vs Implantable Defibrillator study. Cardiac Arrest Study Hamburg. Canadian Implantable Defibrillator Study. Eur Heart J. 2000;21:2071-8.
    • (2000) Eur Heart J , vol.21 , pp. 2071-2078
    • Connolly, S.J.1    Hallstrom, A.P.2    Cappato, R.3    Schron, E.B.4    Kuck, K.H.5    Zipes, D.P.6
  • 150
    • 0024321898 scopus 로고
    • Preliminary report: Effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction
    • The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) Investigators
    • The Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) Investigators. Preliminary report: effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1989;321:406-12.
    • (1989) N Engl J Med , vol.321 , pp. 406-412
  • 151
    • 0031038213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised trial of effect of amiodarone on mortality in patients with leftventricular dysfunction after recent myocardial infarction: EMIAT. European Myocardial Infarct Amiodarone Trial Investigators
    • Julian DG, Camm AJ, Frangin G, Janse MJ, Munoz A, Schwartz PJ, et al. Randomised trial of effect of amiodarone on mortality in patients with leftventricular dysfunction after recent myocardial infarction: EMIAT. European Myocardial Infarct Amiodarone Trial Investigators. Lancet. 1997;349:667-74.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 667-674
    • Julian, D.G.1    Camm, A.J.2    Frangin, G.3    Janse, M.J.4    Munoz, A.5    Schwartz, P.J.6
  • 152
    • 0031029373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised trial of outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with frequent or repetitive ventricular premature depolarisations: CAMIAT. Canadian Amiodarone Myocardial Infarction Arrhythmia Trial Investigators
    • Cairns JA, Connolly SJ, Roberts R, Gent M. Randomised trial of outcome after myocardial infarction in patients with frequent or repetitive ventricular premature depolarisations: CAMIAT. Canadian Amiodarone Myocardial Infarction Arrhythmia Trial Investigators. Lancet. 1997;349:675-82.
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , pp. 675-682
    • Cairns, J.A.1    Connolly, S.J.2    Roberts, R.3    Gent, M.4
  • 153
    • 0029004921 scopus 로고
    • Amiodarone in patients with congestive heart failure and asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmia. Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure
    • Singh SN, Fletcher RD, Fisher SG, Singh BN, Lewis HD, Deedwania PC, et al. Amiodarone in patients with congestive heart failure and asymptomatic ventricular arrhythmia. Survival Trial of Antiarrhythmic Therapy in Congestive Heart Failure. N Engl J Med. 1995;333:77-82.
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 77-82
    • Singh, S.N.1    Fletcher, R.D.2    Fisher, S.G.3    Singh, B.N.4    Lewis, H.D.5    Deedwania, P.C.6
  • 155
    • 0033575989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dofetilide in patients with congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction. Danish Investigations of Arrhythmia and Mortality on Dofetilide Study Group
    • Torp-Pedersen C, Moller M, Bloch-Thomsen PE, Kober L, Sandoe E, Egstrup K, et al. Dofetilide in patients with congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction. Danish Investigations of Arrhythmia and Mortality on Dofetilide Study Group. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:857-65.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 857-865
    • Torp-Pedersen, C.1    Moller, M.2    Bloch-Thomsen, P.E.3    Kober, L.4    Sandoe, E.5    Egstrup, K.6
  • 156
    • 1442335812 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mortality in patients after a recent myocardial infarction: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of azimilide using heart rate variability for risk stratification
    • Camm AJ, Pratt CM, Schwartz PJ, Al-Khalidi HR, Spyt MJ, Holroyde MJ, et al. Mortality in patients after a recent myocardial infarction: a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of azimilide using heart rate variability for risk stratification. Circulation. 2004;109:990-6.
    • (2004) Circulation , vol.109 , pp. 990-996
    • Camm, A.J.1    Pratt, C.M.2    Schwartz, P.J.3    Al-Khalidi, H.R.4    Spyt, M.J.5    Holroyde, M.J.6
  • 157
    • 19944429413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amiodarone or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for congestive heart failure
    • Bardy GH, Lee KL, Mark DB, Poole JE, Packer DL, Boineau R, et al. Amiodarone or an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator for congestive heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:225-37.
    • (2005) N Engl J Med , vol.352 , pp. 225-237
    • Bardy, G.H.1    Lee, K.L.2    Mark, D.B.3    Poole, J.E.4    Packer, D.L.5    Boineau, R.6
  • 158
    • 0006918490 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved survival with an implanted defibrillator in patients with coronary disease at high risk for ventricular arrhythmia. Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial Investigators
    • Moss AJ, Hall WJ, Cannom DS, Daubert JP, Higgins SL, Klein H, et al. Improved survival with an implanted defibrillator in patients with coronary disease at high risk for ventricular arrhythmia. Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:1933-40.
    • (1996) N Engl J Med , vol.335 , pp. 1933-1940
    • Moss, A.J.1    Hall, W.J.2    Cannom, D.S.3    Daubert, J.P.4    Higgins, S.L.5    Klein, H.6
  • 159
    • 0030726341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylactic use of implanted cardiac defibrillators in patients at high risk for ventricular arrhythmias after coronary-artery bypass graft surgery. Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Patch Trial Investigators
    • Bigger JT Jr. Prophylactic use of implanted cardiac defibrillators in patients at high risk for ventricular arrhythmias after coronary-artery bypass graft surgery. Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) Patch Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1997;337:1569-75.
    • (1997) N Engl J Med , vol.337 , pp. 1569-1575
    • Bigger Jr., J.T.1
  • 160
    • 0033576804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomized study of the prevention of sudden death in patients with coronary artery disease. Multicenter Unsustained Tachycardia Trial Investigators
    • Buxton AE, Lee KL, Fisher JD, Josephson ME, Prystowsky EN, Hafley G. A randomized study of the prevention of sudden death in patients with coronary artery disease. Multicenter Unsustained Tachycardia Trial Investigators. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:1882-90.
    • (1999) N Engl J Med , vol.341 , pp. 1882-1890
    • Buxton, A.E.1    Lee, K.L.2    Fisher, J.D.3    Josephson, M.E.4    Prystowsky, E.N.5    Hafley, G.6
  • 161
    • 0037149716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction
    • Moss AJ, Zareba W, Hall WJ, Klein H, Wilber DJ, Cannom DS, et al. Prophylactic implantation of a defibrillator in patients with myocardial infarction and reduced ejection fraction. N Engl J Med. 2002;346:877-83.
    • (2002) N Engl J Med , vol.346 , pp. 877-883
    • Moss, A.J.1    Zareba, W.2    Hall, W.J.3    Klein, H.4    Wilber, D.J.5    Cannom, D.S.6
  • 162
    • 10044246134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylactic use of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator after acute myocardial infarction
    • Hohnloser SH, Kuck KH, Dorian P, Roberts RS, Hampton JR, Hatala R, et al. Prophylactic use of an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator after acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 2004;351:2481-8.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.351 , pp. 2481-2488
    • Hohnloser, S.H.1    Kuck, K.H.2    Dorian, P.3    Roberts, R.S.4    Hampton, J.R.5    Hatala, R.6
  • 163
    • 33748863805 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zipes DP, Camm AJ, Borggrefe M, Buxton AE, Chaitman B, Fromer M, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death - executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death) Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2099-140.
    • Zipes DP, Camm AJ, Borggrefe M, Buxton AE, Chaitman B, Fromer M, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 guidelines for management of patients with ventricular arrhythmias and the prevention of sudden cardiac death - executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Develop Guidelines for Management of Patients with Ventricular Arrhythmias and the Prevention of Sudden Cardiac Death) Developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2099-140.
  • 164
    • 0037177194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: The Cardiomyopathy Trial (CAT)
    • Bansch D, Antz M, Boczor S, Volkmer M, Tebbenjohanns J, Seidl K, et al. Primary prevention of sudden cardiac death in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: the Cardiomyopathy Trial (CAT). Circulation. 2002;105:1453-8.
    • (2002) Circulation , vol.105 , pp. 1453-1458
    • Bansch, D.1    Antz, M.2    Boczor, S.3    Volkmer, M.4    Tebbenjohanns, J.5    Seidl, K.6
  • 165
    • 0037687367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amiodarone versus implantable cardioverter-defibrillator:-randomized trial in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and asymptomatic nonsustained ventricular tachycardia - AMIOVIRT
    • Strickberger SA, Hummel JD, Bartlett TG, Frumin HI, Schuger CD, Beau SL, et al. Amiodarone versus implantable cardioverter-defibrillator:-randomized trial in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and asymptomatic nonsustained ventricular tachycardia - AMIOVIRT. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:1707-12.
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 1707-1712
    • Strickberger, S.A.1    Hummel, J.D.2    Bartlett, T.G.3    Frumin, H.I.4    Schuger, C.D.5    Beau, S.L.6
  • 166
    • 2442572117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylactic defibrillator implantation in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy
    • Kadish A, Dyer A, Daubert JP, Quigg R, Estes NA, Anderson KP, et al. Prophylactic defibrillator implantation in patients with nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:2151-8.
    • (2004) N Engl J Med , vol.350 , pp. 2151-2158
    • Kadish, A.1    Dyer, A.2    Daubert, J.P.3    Quigg, R.4    Estes, N.A.5    Anderson, K.P.6
  • 167
    • 10344249396 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Implantable defibrillators for the prevention of mortality in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
    • Desai AS, Fang JC, Maisel WH, Baughman KL. Implantable defibrillators for the prevention of mortality in patients with nonischemic cardiomyopathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. JAMA. 2004;292:2874-9.
    • (2004) JAMA , vol.292 , pp. 2874-2879
    • Desai, A.S.1    Fang, J.C.2    Maisel, W.H.3    Baughman, K.L.4
  • 169
    • 33644847866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ventricular assist devices for durable support
    • Stevenson LW, Shekar P. Ventricular assist devices for durable support. Circulation. 2005;112:e111-5.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112
    • Stevenson, L.W.1    Shekar, P.2
  • 170
    • 33846811342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrafiltration versus intravenous diuretics for patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure
    • Costanzo MR, Guglin ME, Saltzberg MT, Jessup ML, Bart BA, Teerlink JR, et al. Ultrafiltration versus intravenous diuretics for patients hospitalized for acute decompensated heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:675-83.
    • (2007) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.49 , pp. 675-683
    • Costanzo, M.R.1    Guglin, M.E.2    Saltzberg, M.T.3    Jessup, M.L.4    Bart, B.A.5    Teerlink, J.R.6
  • 171
    • 41349089568 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure
    • Efremidis M, Pappas L, Sideris A, Filippatos G. Management of atrial fibrillation in patients with heart failure. J Card Fail. 2008;14:232-7.
    • (2008) J Card Fail , vol.14 , pp. 232-237
    • Efremidis, M.1    Pappas, L.2    Sideris, A.3    Filippatos, G.4
  • 172
    • 45549089895 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rhythm control versus rate control for atrial fibrillation and heart failure
    • Roy D, Talajic M, Nattel S, Wyse DG, Dorian P, Lee KL, et al. Rhythm control versus rate control for atrial fibrillation and heart failure. N Engl J Med. 2008;358:2667-77.
    • (2008) N Engl J Med , vol.358 , pp. 2667-2677
    • Roy, D.1    Talajic, M.2    Nattel, S.3    Wyse, D.G.4    Dorian, P.5    Lee, K.L.6
  • 173
    • 41049091012 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Catheter ablation for the treatment of electrical storm in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: Short- and long-term outcomes in a prospective single-center study
    • Carbucicchio C, Santamaria M, Trevisi N, Maccabelli G, Giraldi F, Fassini G, et al. Catheter ablation for the treatment of electrical storm in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillators: short- and long-term outcomes in a prospective single-center study. Circulation. 2008;117:462-9.
    • (2008) Circulation , vol.117 , pp. 462-469
    • Carbucicchio, C.1    Santamaria, M.2    Trevisi, N.3    Maccabelli, G.4    Giraldi, F.5    Fassini, G.6
  • 174
    • 33947101623 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-chamber ventricular pacing increases markers of left ventricular dysfunction compared with dual-chamber pacing
    • Naegeli B, Kurz DJ, Koller D, Straumann E, Furrer M, Maurer D, et al. Single-chamber ventricular pacing increases markers of left ventricular dysfunction compared with dual-chamber pacing. Europace. 2007;9:194-9.
    • (2007) Europace , vol.9 , pp. 194-199
    • Naegeli, B.1    Kurz, D.J.2    Koller, D.3    Straumann, E.4    Furrer, M.5    Maurer, D.6
  • 175
    • 34547615709 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The task force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology. 2007 Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC)
    • Mancia G, De Backer G, Dominiczak A, Cifkova R, Fagard R, Germano G, et al; The task force for the management of arterial hypertension of the European Society of Cardiology. 2007 Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension: The Task Force for the Management of Arterial Hypertension of the European Society of Hypertension (ESH) and of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2007;28:1462-36.
    • (2007) Eur Heart J , vol.28 , pp. 1462-1536
    • Mancia, G.1    De Backer, G.2    Dominiczak, A.3    Cifkova, R.4    Fagard, R.5    Germano, G.6
  • 176
    • 0030002580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The progression from hypertension to congestive heart failure
    • Levy D, Larson MG, Vasan RS, Kannel WB, Ho KK. The progression from hypertension to congestive heart failure. JAMA. 1996;275:1557-62.
    • (1996) JAMA , vol.275 , pp. 1557-1562
    • Levy, D.1    Larson, M.G.2    Vasan, R.S.3    Kannel, W.B.4    Ho, K.K.5
  • 179
    • 44949172981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of diabetes on outcomes in patients with low and preserved ejection fraction heart failure: An analysis of the Candesartan in Heart failure: assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) programme
    • Macdonald MR, Petrie MC, Varyani F, Ostergren J, Michelson EL, Young JB, et al. Impact of diabetes on outcomes in patients with low and preserved ejection fraction heart failure: an analysis of the Candesartan in Heart failure: assessment of Reduction in Mortality and morbidity (CHARM) programme. Eur Heart J. 2008;29:1337-85.
    • (2008) Eur Heart J , vol.29 , pp. 1337-1385
    • Macdonald, M.R.1    Petrie, M.C.2    Varyani, F.3    Ostergren, J.4    Michelson, E.L.5    Young, J.B.6
  • 180
    • 2342449389 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of diabetes mellitus on long-term survival in patients with congestive heart failure
    • De Groote P, Lamblin N, Mouquet F, Plichon D, McFadden E, Van Belle E, et al. Impact of diabetes mellitus on long-term survival in patients with congestive heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2004;25:656-62.
    • (2004) Eur Heart J , vol.25 , pp. 656-662
    • De Groote, P.1    Lamblin, N.2    Mouquet, F.3    Plichon, D.4    McFadden, E.5    Van Belle, E.6
  • 181
    • 33846414720 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases: Executive summary. The Task Force on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)
    • Ryden L, Standl E, Bartnik M, Van den Berghe G, Betteridge J, De Boer MJ, et al. Guidelines on diabetes, pre-diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases: executive summary. The Task Force on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) and of the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD). Eur Heart J. 2007;28:88-136.
    • (2007) Eur Heart J , vol.28 , pp. 88-136
    • Ryden, L.1    Standl, E.2    Bartnik, M.3    Van den Berghe, G.4    Betteridge, J.5    De Boer, M.J.6
  • 183
    • 33846012192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in patients with coexistent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic heart failure
    • Le Jemtel TH, Padeletti M, Jelic S. Diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in patients with coexistent chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:171-80.
    • (2007) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.49 , pp. 171-180
    • Le Jemtel, T.H.1    Padeletti, M.2    Jelic, S.3
  • 184
    • 24344473823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unrecognized heart failure in elderly patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Rutten FH, Cramer MJ, Grobbee DE, Sachs AP, Kirkels JH, Lammers JW, et al. Unrecognized heart failure in elderly patients with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:1887-94.
    • (2005) Eur Heart J , vol.26 , pp. 1887-1894
    • Rutten, F.H.1    Cramer, M.J.2    Grobbee, D.E.3    Sachs, A.P.4    Kirkels, J.H.5    Lammers, J.W.6
  • 186
    • 17644407378 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality
    • Sin DD, Man SF. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2005;2:8-11.
    • (2005) Proc Am Thorac Soc , vol.2 , pp. 8-11
    • Sin, D.D.1    Man, S.F.2
  • 187
    • 34548262663 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prognostic influence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients hospitalised for chronic heart failure
    • Macchia A, Monte S, Romero M, D'Ettorre A, Tognoni G. The prognostic influence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in patients hospitalised for chronic heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2007;9:942-8.
    • (2007) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.9 , pp. 942-948
    • Macchia, A.1    Monte, S.2    Romero, M.3    D'Ettorre, A.4    Tognoni, G.5
  • 188
    • 24144443255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Underuse of betablockers in patients with ischaemic heart disease and concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • Egred M, Shaw S, Mohammad B, Waitt P, Rodrigues E. Underuse of betablockers in patients with ischaemic heart disease and concomitant chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Q J Med. 2005;98:493-7.
    • (2005) Q J Med , vol.98 , pp. 493-497
    • Egred, M.1    Shaw, S.2    Mohammad, B.3    Waitt, P.4    Rodrigues, E.5
  • 189
    • 33644523095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of a community heart failure clinic on uptake of beta blockers by patients with obstructive airways disease and heart failure
    • Shelton RJ, Rigby AS, Cleland JG, Clark AL. Effect of a community heart failure clinic on uptake of beta blockers by patients with obstructive airways disease and heart failure. Heart. 2006;92:331-6.
    • (2006) Heart , vol.92 , pp. 331-336
    • Shelton, R.J.1    Rigby, A.S.2    Cleland, J.G.3    Clark, A.L.4
  • 190
    • 33644875013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cardioselective beta-blockers for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
    • CD003566
    • Salpeter S, Ormiston T, Salpeter E. Cardioselective beta-blockers for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2005;(4):CD003566.
    • (2005) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.4
    • Salpeter, S.1    Ormiston, T.2    Salpeter, E.3
  • 192
    • 0037879088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Striking similarities in systemic factors contributing to decreased exercise capacity in patients with severe chronic heart failure or COPD
    • Gosker HR, Lencer NH, Franssen FM, Van der Vusse GJ, Wouters EF, Schols AM. Striking similarities in systemic factors contributing to decreased exercise capacity in patients with severe chronic heart failure or COPD. Chest. 2003;123:1416-24.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 1416-1424
    • Gosker, H.R.1    Lencer, N.H.2    Franssen, F.M.3    Van der Vusse, G.J.4    Wouters, E.F.5    Schols, A.M.6
  • 194
    • 33744477631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anemia in chronic heart failure: Prevalence, etiology, clinical correlates, and treatment options
    • Tang YD, Katz SD. Anemia in chronic heart failure: prevalence, etiology, clinical correlates, and treatment options. Circulation. 2006;113:2454-61.
    • (2006) Circulation , vol.113 , pp. 2454-2461
    • Tang, Y.D.1    Katz, S.D.2
  • 195
    • 27544491237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blunted erythropoietin production and defective iron supply for erythropoiesis as major causes of anaemia in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Opasich C, Cazzola M, Scelsi L, De Feo S, Bosimini E, Lagioia R, et al. Blunted erythropoietin production and defective iron supply for erythropoiesis as major causes of anaemia in patients with chronic heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:2232-7.
    • (2005) Eur Heart J , vol.26 , pp. 2232-2237
    • Opasich, C.1    Cazzola, M.2    Scelsi, L.3    De Feo, S.4    Bosimini, E.5    Lagioia, R.6
  • 197
    • 0037458127 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of erythropoietin on exercise capacity in patients with moderate to severe chronic heart failure
    • Mancini DM, Katz SD, Lang CC, LaManca J, Hudaihed A, Androne AS. Effect of erythropoietin on exercise capacity in patients with moderate to severe chronic heart failure. Circulation. 2003;107:294-9.
    • (2003) Circulation , vol.107 , pp. 294-299
    • Mancini, D.M.1    Katz, S.D.2    Lang, C.C.3    LaManca, J.4    Hudaihed, A.5    Androne, A.S.6
  • 198
    • 33846936320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of darbepoetin alfa on exercise tolerance in anemic patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
    • Ponikowski P, Anker SD, Szachniewicz J, Okonko D, Ledwidge M, Zymlinski R, et al. Effect of darbepoetin alfa on exercise tolerance in anemic patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:753-62.
    • (2007) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.49 , pp. 753-762
    • Ponikowski, P.1    Anker, S.D.2    Szachniewicz, J.3    Okonko, D.4    Ledwidge, M.5    Zymlinski, R.6
  • 199
    • 34548798205 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effect of two dosing regimens of darbepoetin alfa in patients with heart failure and anaemia
    • Van Veldhuisen DJ, Dickstein K, Cohen-Solal A, Lok DJ, Wasserman SM, Baker N, et al. Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study to evaluate the effect of two dosing regimens of darbepoetin alfa in patients with heart failure and anaemia. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:2208-16.
    • (2007) Eur Heart J , vol.28 , pp. 2208-2216
    • Van Veldhuisen, D.J.1    Dickstein, K.2    Cohen-Solal, A.3    Lok, D.J.4    Wasserman, S.M.5    Baker, N.6
  • 200
    • 37849053243 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of intravenous iron sucrose on exercise tolerance in anemic and nonanemic patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure and iron deficiency FERRI-CHF: A randomized, controlled, observerblinded trial
    • Okonko DO, Grzeslo A, Witkowski T, Mandal AK, Slater RM, Roughton M, et al. Effect of intravenous iron sucrose on exercise tolerance in anemic and nonanemic patients with symptomatic chronic heart failure and iron deficiency FERRI-CHF: a randomized, controlled, observerblinded trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51:103-12.
    • (2008) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.51 , pp. 103-112
    • Okonko, D.O.1    Grzeslo, A.2    Witkowski, T.3    Mandal, A.K.4    Slater, R.M.5    Roughton, M.6
  • 201
    • 33845565186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Von Haehling S, DoehnerW, Anker SD. Nutrition, metabolism, and the complex pathophysiology of cachexia in chronic heart failure. Cardiovasc Res. 2007;73:298-309.
    • Von Haehling S, DoehnerW, Anker SD. Nutrition, metabolism, and the complex pathophysiology of cachexia in chronic heart failure. Cardiovasc Res. 2007;73:298-309.
  • 204
    • 33745792342 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Presentation, survival prospects, and predictors of death in Eisenmenger syndrome: A combined retrospective and case-control study
    • Diller GP, Dimopoulos K, Broberg CS, Kaya MG, Naghotra US, Uebing A, et al. Presentation, survival prospects, and predictors of death in Eisenmenger syndrome: a combined retrospective and case-control study. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:1737-42.
    • (2006) Eur Heart J , vol.27 , pp. 1737-1742
    • Diller, G.P.1    Dimopoulos, K.2    Broberg, C.S.3    Kaya, M.G.4    Naghotra, U.S.5    Uebing, A.6
  • 205
    • 34250348226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An introduction to acute heart failure syndromes: Definition and classification
    • Filippatos G, Zannad F. An introduction to acute heart failure syndromes: definition and classification. Heart Fail Rev. 2007;12:87-90.
    • (2007) Heart Fail Rev , vol.12 , pp. 87-90
    • Filippatos, G.1    Zannad, F.2
  • 206
    • 84995363390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • EuroHeart Failure Survey II (EHFS II): A survey on hospitalized acute heart failure patients: description of population
    • Nieminen MS, Brutsaert D, Dickstein K, Drexler H, Follath F, Harjola VP, et al. EuroHeart Failure Survey II (EHFS II): a survey on hospitalized acute heart failure patients: description of population. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2725-36.
    • (2006) Eur Heart J , vol.27 , pp. 2725-2736
    • Nieminen, M.S.1    Brutsaert, D.2    Dickstein, K.3    Drexler, H.4    Follath, F.5    Harjola, V.P.6
  • 207
    • 29344440492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical presentation, management, and in-hospital outcomes of patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure with preserved systolic function: A report from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE) Database
    • Yancy CW, Lopatin M, Stevenson LW, De Marco T, Fonarow GC. Clinical presentation, management, and in-hospital outcomes of patients admitted with acute decompensated heart failure with preserved systolic function: a report from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE) Database. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;47:76-84.
    • (2006) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.47 , pp. 76-84
    • Yancy, C.W.1    Lopatin, M.2    Stevenson, L.W.3    De Marco, T.4    Fonarow, G.C.5
  • 208
    • 33644878033 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acute heart failure syndromes: Current state and framework for future research
    • Gheorghiade M, Zannad F, Sopko G, Klein L, Pina IL, Konstam MA, et al. Acute heart failure syndromes: current state and framework for future research. Circulation. 2005;112:3958-68.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.112 , pp. 3958-3968
    • Gheorghiade, M.1    Zannad, F.2    Sopko, G.3    Klein, L.4    Pina, I.L.5    Konstam, M.A.6
  • 210
    • 30444441774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical profile, contemporary management and one-year mortality in patients with severe acute heart failure syndromes: The EFICA study
    • Zannad F, Mebazaa A, Juilliere Y, Cohen-Solal A, Guize L, Alla F, et al. Clinical profile, contemporary management and one-year mortality in patients with severe acute heart failure syndromes: the EFICA study. Eur J Heart Fail. 2006;8:697-705.
    • (2006) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.8 , pp. 697-705
    • Zannad, F.1    Mebazaa, A.2    Juilliere, Y.3    Cohen-Solal, A.4    Guize, L.5    Alla, F.6
  • 211
    • 33845629927 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics, outcomes, and predictors of 1-year mortality in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure
    • Siirila-Waris K, Lassus J, Melin J, Peuhkurinen K, Nieminen MS, Harjola VP. Characteristics, outcomes, and predictors of 1-year mortality in patients hospitalized for acute heart failure. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:3011-7.
    • (2006) Eur Heart J , vol.27 , pp. 3011-3017
    • Siirila-Waris, K.1    Lassus, J.2    Melin, J.3    Peuhkurinen, K.4    Nieminen, M.S.5    Harjola, V.P.6
  • 212
    • 12844281204 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk stratification for in-hospital mortality in acutely decompensated heart failure: Classification and regression tree analysis
    • Fonarow GC, Adams KF Jr, Abraham WT, Yancy CW, Boscardin WJ. Risk stratification for in-hospital mortality in acutely decompensated heart failure: classification and regression tree analysis. JAMA. 2005;293:572-80.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.293 , pp. 572-580
    • Fonarow, G.C.1    Adams Jr, K.F.2    Abraham, W.T.3    Yancy, C.W.4    Boscardin, W.J.5
  • 213
  • 214
    • 33645030807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • NT-proBNP levels, echocardiographic findings, and outcomes in breathless patients: Results from the ProBNP Investigation of Dyspnoea in the Emergency Department (PRIDE) echocardiographic substudy
    • Chen AA, Wood MJ, Krauser DG, Baggish AL, Tung R, Anwaruddin S, et al. NT-proBNP levels, echocardiographic findings, and outcomes in breathless patients: results from the ProBNP Investigation of Dyspnoea in the Emergency Department (PRIDE) echocardiographic substudy. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:839-45.
    • (2006) Eur Heart J , vol.27 , pp. 839-845
    • Chen, A.A.1    Wood, M.J.2    Krauser, D.G.3    Baggish, A.L.4    Tung, R.5    Anwaruddin, S.6
  • 215
    • 34547772153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes
    • Bassand JP, Hamm CW, Ardissino D, Boersma E, Budaj A, Fernandez-Aviles F, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J. 2007;28:1598-660.
    • (2007) Eur Heart J , vol.28 , pp. 1598-1660
    • Bassand, J.P.1    Hamm, C.W.2    Ardissino, D.3    Boersma, E.4    Budaj, A.5    Fernandez-Aviles, F.6
  • 216
    • 34548840822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trials update from the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2007: 3CPO, ALOFT, PROSPECT and statins for heart failure
    • Cleland JG, Abdellah AT, Khaleva O, Coletta AP, Clark AL. Clinical trials update from the European Society of Cardiology Congress 2007: 3CPO, ALOFT, PROSPECT and statins for heart failure. Eur J Heart Fail. 2007;9:1070-3.
    • (2007) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.9 , pp. 1070-1073
    • Cleland, J.G.1    Abdellah, A.T.2    Khaleva, O.3    Coletta, A.P.4    Clark, A.L.5
  • 217
    • 34250353837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-invasive ventilation
    • Masip J. Non-invasive ventilation. Heart Fail Rev. 2007;12:119-24.
    • (2007) Heart Fail Rev , vol.12 , pp. 119-124
    • Masip, J.1
  • 218
    • 29544442582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Noninvasive ventilation in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema: Systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Masip J, Roque M, Sanchez B, Fernandez R, Subirana M, Exposito JA. Noninvasive ventilation in acute cardiogenic pulmonary edema: systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2005;294:3124-30.
    • (2005) JAMA , vol.294 , pp. 3124-3130
    • Masip, J.1    Roque, M.2    Sanchez, B.3    Fernandez, R.4    Subirana, M.5    Exposito, J.A.6
  • 219
    • 33645979354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) on mortality in patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema: A meta-analysis
    • Peter JV, Moran JL, Phillips-Hughes J, Graham P, Bersten AD. Effect of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) on mortality in patients with acute cardiogenic pulmonary oedema: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 2006;367:1155-63.
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.367 , pp. 1155-1163
    • Peter, J.V.1    Moran, J.L.2    Phillips-Hughes, J.3    Graham, P.4    Bersten, A.D.5
  • 220
    • 0023513643 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of nitroglycerin, morphine and furosemide in treatment of presumed pre-hospital pulmonary edema
    • Hoffman JR, Reynolds S. Comparison of nitroglycerin, morphine and furosemide in treatment of presumed pre-hospital pulmonary edema. Chest. 1987;92:586-93.
    • (1987) Chest , vol.92 , pp. 586-593
    • Hoffman, J.R.1    Reynolds, S.2
  • 221
    • 0017179049 scopus 로고
    • Comparative effects of morphine, meperidine and pentazocine on cardiocirculatory dynamics in patients with acute myocardial infarction
    • Lee G, DeMaria AN, Amsterdam EA, Realyvasquez F, Angel J, Morrison S, et al. Comparative effects of morphine, meperidine and pentazocine on cardiocirculatory dynamics in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Am J Med. 1976;60:949-55.
    • (1976) Am J Med , vol.60 , pp. 949-955
    • Lee, G.1    DeMaria, A.N.2    Amsterdam, E.A.3    Realyvasquez, F.4    Angel, J.5    Morrison, S.6
  • 222
    • 29444452213 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Morphine for acute decompensated heart failure: Valuable adjunct or a historical remnant?
    • Peacock WHJ, Diercks D, Fonorow G, Emerman C. Morphine for acute decompensated heart failure: valuable adjunct or a historical remnant? Acad Emerg Med. 2005;12:B97-8.
    • (2005) Acad Emerg Med , vol.12
    • Peacock, W.H.J.1    Diercks, D.2    Fonorow, G.3    Emerman, C.4
  • 223
    • 0028314524 scopus 로고
    • Combination diuretic treatment in severe heart failure: A randomised controlled trial
    • Channer KS, McLean KA, Lawson-Matthew P, Richardson M. Combination diuretic treatment in severe heart failure: a randomised controlled trial. Br Heart J. 1994;71:146-50.
    • (1994) Br Heart J , vol.71 , pp. 146-150
    • Channer, K.S.1    McLean, K.A.2    Lawson-Matthew, P.3    Richardson, M.4
  • 224
    • 0032492071 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomised trial of high-dose isosorbide dinitrate plus low-dose furosemide versus highdose furosemide plus low-dose isosorbide dinitrate in severe pulmonary oedema
    • Cotter G, Metzkor E, Kaluski E, Faigenberg Z, Miller R, Simovitz A, et al. Randomised trial of high-dose isosorbide dinitrate plus low-dose furosemide versus highdose furosemide plus low-dose isosorbide dinitrate in severe pulmonary oedema. Lancet. 1998;351:389-93.
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.351 , pp. 389-393
    • Cotter, G.1    Metzkor, E.2    Kaluski, E.3    Faigenberg, Z.4    Miller, R.5    Simovitz, A.6
  • 225
    • 0034084851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The acute vascular effects of frusemide in heart failure
    • Jhund PS, McMurray JJ, Davie AP. The acute vascular effects of frusemide in heart failure. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2000;50:9-13.
    • (2000) Br J Clin Pharmacol , vol.50 , pp. 9-13
    • Jhund, P.S.1    McMurray, J.J.2    Davie, A.P.3
  • 227
    • 33947713810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of oral tolvaptan in patients hospitalized for worsening heart failure: The EVEREST Outcome Trial
    • Konstam MA, Gheorghiade M, Burnett JC Jr, Grinfeld L, Maggioni AP, Swedberg K, et al. Effects of oral tolvaptan in patients hospitalized for worsening heart failure: the EVEREST Outcome Trial. JAMA. 2007;297:1319-31.
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.297 , pp. 1319-1331
    • Konstam, M.A.1    Gheorghiade, M.2    Burnett Jr, J.C.3    Grinfeld, L.4    Maggioni, A.P.5    Swedberg, K.6
  • 228
    • 12344289692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intravenous nitroglycerin in the treatment of decompensated heart failure: Potential benefits and limitations
    • Elkayam U, Bitar F, Akhter MW, Khan S, Patrus S, Derakhshani M. Intravenous nitroglycerin in the treatment of decompensated heart failure: potential benefits and limitations. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther. 2004;9:227-41.
    • (2004) J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther , vol.9 , pp. 227-241
    • Elkayam, U.1    Bitar, F.2    Akhter, M.W.3    Khan, S.4    Patrus, S.5    Derakhshani, M.6
  • 229
  • 230
    • 25144443006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reassessment of dobutamine, dopamine, and milrinone in the management of acute heart failure syndromes
    • Bayram M, De Luca L, Massie MB, Gheorghiade M. Reassessment of dobutamine, dopamine, and milrinone in the management of acute heart failure syndromes. Am J Cardiol. 2005;96:G47-58.
    • (2005) Am J Cardiol , vol.96
    • Bayram, M.1    De Luca, L.2    Massie, M.B.3    Gheorghiade, M.4
  • 231
    • 0037454137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Heart failure etiology and response to milrinone in decompensated heart failure: Results from the OPTIME-CHF study
    • Felker GM, Benza RL, Chandler AB, Leimberger JD, Cuffe MS, Califf RM, et al. Heart failure etiology and response to milrinone in decompensated heart failure: results from the OPTIME-CHF study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2003;41:997-1003.
    • (2003) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.41 , pp. 997-1003
    • Felker, G.M.1    Benza, R.L.2    Chandler, A.B.3    Leimberger, J.D.4    Cuffe, M.S.5    Califf, R.M.6
  • 232
    • 0034517137 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal-dose dopamine: Will the message now get through?
    • Galley HF. Renal-dose dopamine: will the message now get through? Lancet. 2000;356:2112-3.
    • (2000) Lancet , vol.356 , pp. 2112-2113
    • Galley, H.F.1
  • 233
    • 0028789711 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacologic and hemodynamic effects of combined beta-agonist stimulation and phosphodiesterase inhibition in the failing human heart
    • Gilbert EM, Hershberger RE, Wiechmann RJ, Movsesian MA, Bristow MR. Pharmacologic and hemodynamic effects of combined beta-agonist stimulation and phosphodiesterase inhibition in the failing human heart. Chest. 1995;108:1524-32.
    • (1995) Chest , vol.108 , pp. 1524-1532
    • Gilbert, E.M.1    Hershberger, R.E.2    Wiechmann, R.J.3    Movsesian, M.A.4    Bristow, M.R.5
  • 234
    • 0035664504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Milrinone versus dobutamine in heart failure subjects treated chronically with carvedilol
    • Lowes BD, Tsvetkova T, Eichhorn EJ, Gilbert EM, Bristow MR. Milrinone versus dobutamine in heart failure subjects treated chronically with carvedilol. Int J Cardiol. 2001;81:141-9.
    • (2001) Int J Cardiol , vol.81 , pp. 141-149
    • Lowes, B.D.1    Tsvetkova, T.2    Eichhorn, E.J.3    Gilbert, E.M.4    Bristow, M.R.5
  • 235
    • 34247857479 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Levosimendan vs dobutamine for patients with acute decompensated heart failure: The SURVIVE Randomized Trial
    • Mebazaa A, Nieminen MS, Packer M, Cohen-Solal A, Kleber FX, Pocock SJ, et al. Levosimendan vs dobutamine for patients with acute decompensated heart failure: the SURVIVE Randomized Trial. JAMA. 2007;297:1883-91.
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.297 , pp. 1883-1891
    • Mebazaa, A.1    Nieminen, M.S.2    Packer, M.3    Cohen-Solal, A.4    Kleber, F.X.5    Pocock, S.J.6
  • 236
    • 0037010006 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Beta-blocker therapy influences the hemodynamic response to inotropic agents in patients with heart failure: A randomized comparison of dobutamine and enoximone before and after chronic treatment with metoprolol or carvedilol
    • Metra M, Nodari S, D'Aloia A, Muneretto C, Robertson AD, Bristow MR, et al. Beta-blocker therapy influences the hemodynamic response to inotropic agents in patients with heart failure: a randomized comparison of dobutamine and enoximone before and after chronic treatment with metoprolol or carvedilol. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40:1248-58.
    • (2002) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.40 , pp. 1248-1258
    • Metra, M.1    Nodari, S.2    D'Aloia, A.3    Muneretto, C.4    Robertson, A.D.5    Bristow, M.R.6
  • 237
    • 29444454634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical trials update from the American Heart Association: REPAIR-AMI, ASTAMI, JELIS, MEGA, REVIVE-II, SURVIVE, and PROACTIVE
    • Cleland JG, Freemantle N, Coletta AP, Clark AL. Clinical trials update from the American Heart Association: REPAIR-AMI, ASTAMI, JELIS, MEGA, REVIVE-II, SURVIVE, and PROACTIVE. Eur J Heart Fail. 2006;8:105-10.
    • (2006) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.8 , pp. 105-110
    • Cleland, J.G.1    Freemantle, N.2    Coletta, A.P.3    Clark, A.L.4
  • 238
    • 13844256440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Financial aspects of heart failure programs of care
    • Stewart S. Financial aspects of heart failure programs of care. Eur J Heart Fail. 2005;7:423-8.
    • (2005) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.7 , pp. 423-428
    • Stewart, S.1
  • 239
    • 33645215255 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Disease management programmes for older people with heart failure: Crucial characteristics which improve post-discharge outcomes
    • Yu DS, Thompson DR, Lee DT. Disease management programmes for older people with heart failure: crucial characteristics which improve post-discharge outcomes. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:596-612.
    • (2006) Eur Heart J , vol.27 , pp. 596-612
    • Yu, D.S.1    Thompson, D.R.2    Lee, D.T.3
  • 240
    • 34347264133 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Added value of a physician- and nurse-directed heart failure clinic: Results from the Deventer-Alkmaar heart failure study
    • De la Porte PW, Lok DJ, Van Veldhuisen DJ, Van Wijngaarden J, Cornel JH, Zuithoff NP, et al. Added value of a physician- and nurse-directed heart failure clinic: results from the Deventer-Alkmaar heart failure study. Heart. 2007;93:819-25.
    • (2007) Heart , vol.93 , pp. 819-825
    • De la Porte, P.W.1    Lok, D.J.2    Van Veldhuisen, D.J.3    Van Wijngaarden, J.4    Cornel, J.H.5    Zuithoff, N.P.6
  • 241
    • 39549118139 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of moderate or intensive disease management program on outcome in patients with heart failure: Coordinating Study Evaluating Outcomes of Advising and Counseling in Heart Failure (COACH)
    • Jaarsma T, Van derWal MH, Lesman-Leegte I, Luttik ML, Hogenhuis J, Veeger NJ, et al. Effect of moderate or intensive disease management program on outcome in patients with heart failure: Coordinating Study Evaluating Outcomes of Advising and Counseling in Heart Failure (COACH). Arch Intern Med. 2008;168:316-24.
    • (2008) Arch Intern Med , vol.168 , pp. 316-324
    • Jaarsma, T.1    Van derWal, M.H.2    Lesman-Leegte, I.3    Luttik, M.L.4    Hogenhuis, J.5    Veeger, N.J.6
  • 242
    • 0033604099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of a multidisciplinary, home-based intervention on unplanned readmissions and survival among patients with chronic congestive heart failure: A randomised controlled study
    • Stewart S, Marley JE, Horowitz JD. Effects of a multidisciplinary, home-based intervention on unplanned readmissions and survival among patients with chronic congestive heart failure: a randomised controlled study. Lancet. 1999;354:1077-83.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 1077-1083
    • Stewart, S.1    Marley, J.E.2    Horowitz, J.D.3
  • 243
    • 0038541583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nurse-led heart failure clinics improve survival and self-care behaviour in patients with heart failure: Results from a prospective, randomised trial
    • Stromberg A, Martensson J, Fridlund B, Levin LA, Karlsson JE, Dahlstrom U. Nurse-led heart failure clinics improve survival and self-care behaviour in patients with heart failure: results from a prospective, randomised trial. Eur Heart J. 2003;24:1014-23.
    • (2003) Eur Heart J , vol.24 , pp. 1014-1023
    • Stromberg, A.1    Martensson, J.2    Fridlund, B.3    Levin, L.A.4    Karlsson, J.E.5    Dahlstrom, U.6
  • 244
    • 13844276994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How much responsibility should heart failure nurses take?
    • Blue L, McMurray J. How much responsibility should heart failure nurses take? Eur J Heart Fail. 2005;7:351-61.
    • (2005) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.7 , pp. 351-361
    • Blue, L.1    McMurray, J.2
  • 245
    • 0037005834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of an education and support intervention to prevent readmission of patients with heart failure
    • Krumholz HM, Amatruda J, Smith GL, Mattera JA, Roumanis SA, Radford MJ, et al. Randomized trial of an education and support intervention to prevent readmission of patients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39:83-9.
    • (2002) J Am Coll Cardiol , vol.39 , pp. 83-89
    • Krumholz, H.M.1    Amatruda, J.2    Smith, G.L.3    Mattera, J.A.4    Roumanis, S.A.5    Radford, M.J.6
  • 246
    • 12344320989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discharge education improves clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure
    • Koelling TM, Johnson ML, Cody RJ, Aaronson KD. Discharge education improves clinical outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure. Circulation. 2005;111:179-85.
    • (2005) Circulation , vol.111 , pp. 179-185
    • Koelling, T.M.1    Johnson, M.L.2    Cody, R.J.3    Aaronson, K.D.4
  • 247
    • 34247859642 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Telemonitoring or structured telephone support programmes for patients with chronic heart failure: Systematic review and metaanalysis
    • Clark RA, Inglis SC, McAlister FA, Cleland JG, Stewart S. Telemonitoring or structured telephone support programmes for patients with chronic heart failure: systematic review and metaanalysis. BMJ. 2007;334:942.
    • (2007) BMJ , vol.334 , pp. 942
    • Clark, R.A.1    Inglis, S.C.2    McAlister, F.A.3    Cleland, J.G.4    Stewart, S.5
  • 248
    • 23944503320 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Executive summary of the position paper of the Working Group on Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC): Core components of cardiac rehabilitation in chronic heart failure
    • Corra U, Giannuzzi P, Adamopoulos S, Bjornstad H, Bjarnason-Weherns B, Cohen-Solal A, et al. Executive summary of the position paper of the Working Group on Cardiac Rehabilitation and Exercise Physiology of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC): core components of cardiac rehabilitation in chronic heart failure. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil. 2005;12:321-5.
    • (2005) Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil , vol.12 , pp. 321-325
    • Corra, U.1    Giannuzzi, P.2    Adamopoulos, S.3    Bjornstad, H.4    Bjarnason-Weherns, B.5    Cohen-Solal, A.6
  • 249
    • 33748095515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic meta-analysis of the efficacy and heterogeneity of disease management programs in congestive heart failure
    • Gohler A, Januzzi JL, Worrell SS, Osterziel KJ, Gazelle GS, Dietz R, et al. A systematic meta-analysis of the efficacy and heterogeneity of disease management programs in congestive heart failure. J Card Fail. 2006;12:554-67.
    • (2006) J Card Fail , vol.12 , pp. 554-567
    • Gohler, A.1    Januzzi, J.L.2    Worrell, S.S.3    Osterziel, K.J.4    Gazelle, G.S.5    Dietz, R.6
  • 250
    • 28344433871 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of comprehensive disease management programmes in improving clinical outcomes in heart failure patients. A meta-analysis
    • Roccaforte R, Demers C, Baldassarre F, Teo KK, Yusuf S. Effectiveness of comprehensive disease management programmes in improving clinical outcomes in heart failure patients. A meta-analysis. Eur J Heart Fail. 2005;7:1133-44.
    • (2005) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.7 , pp. 1133-1144
    • Roccaforte, R.1    Demers, C.2    Baldassarre, F.3    Teo, K.K.4    Yusuf, S.5
  • 252
    • 34248226980 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Advanced chronic heart failure: A position statement from the Study Group on Advanced Heart Failure of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology
    • Metra M, Ponikowski P, Dickstein K, McMurray JJ, Gavazzi A, Bergh CH, et al. Advanced chronic heart failure: a position statement from the Study Group on Advanced Heart Failure of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail. 2007;9:684-94.
    • (2007) Eur J Heart Fail , vol.9 , pp. 684-694
    • Metra, M.1    Ponikowski, P.2    Dickstein, K.3    McMurray, J.J.4    Gavazzi, A.5    Bergh, C.H.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.