메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 69, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 369-382

Recurrent wheezing in three year-olds: Facts and opportunities;Sibilancias recurrentes en menores de tres años: Evidencias y oportunidades

Author keywords

Antileukotrienes; Infant asthma; Inhaled glucocorticoids; Pre school children; Recurrent wheezing

Indexed keywords

BETA 2 ADRENERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; FLUTICASONE; GLUCOCORTICOID; LEUKOTRIENE RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT; NITRIC OXIDE;

EID: 54849435458     PISSN: 16954033     EISSN: 16959531     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1157/13126564     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (4)

References (161)
  • 3
    • 3543138878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Difficult asthma in the pre-school child
    • Saglani S, Lenney W. Difficult asthma in the pre-school child. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2004;5:199-206.
    • (2004) Paediatr Respir Rev , vol.5 , pp. 199-206
    • Saglani, S.1    Lenney, W.2
  • 5
    • 0038732680 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Transient early wheeze is not associated with impaired lung function in 7-yr-old children. Multicentre Allergy Study Group
    • Lau S, Illi S, Sommerfeld C, Niggemann B, Völkel K, Madloch C, et al. Transient early wheeze is not associated with impaired lung function in 7-yr-old children. Multicentre Allergy Study Group. Eur Respir J. 2003;21:834-41.
    • (2003) Eur Respir J , vol.21 , pp. 834-841
    • Lau, S.1    Illi, S.2    Sommerfeld, C.3    Niggemann, B.4    Völkel, K.5    Madloch, C.6
  • 7
    • 0030859592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Peak flow variability, methacholine responsiveness and atopy as markers for detecting different wheezing phenotypes in childhood
    • Stein RT, Holberg CJ, Morgan WJ, Wrght AL, Lombardi E, Taussig L, et al. Peak flow variability, methacholine responsiveness and atopy as markers for detecting different wheezing phenotypes in childhood. Thorax. 1997;52:946-52.
    • (1997) Thorax , vol.52 , pp. 946-952
    • Stein, R.T.1    Holberg, C.J.2    Morgan, W.J.3    Wrght, A.L.4    Lombardi, E.5    Taussig, L.6
  • 9
    • 0036676226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults study group. Incidence and remission of asthma: A retrospective study on the natural history of asthma in Italy
    • De Marco R, Locatelli F, Cerveri I, Bugiani M, Marinoni A, Giammanco G. Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults study group. Incidence and remission of asthma: a retrospective study on the natural history of asthma in Italy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2002;110:228-35.
    • (2002) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.110 , pp. 228-235
    • De Marco, R.1    Locatelli, F.2    Cerveri, I.3    Bugiani, M.4    Marinoni, A.5    Giammanco, G.6
  • 10
    • 33748633194 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical features of the wheezy infant
    • Martinez F, Godfrey S, editors, New York: Martin Dunitz;
    • Martinez F. Clinical features of the wheezy infant. En: Martinez F, Godfrey S, editors. Wheezing disorders in the preschool child. New York: Martin Dunitz; 2003. p. 55-72.
    • (2003) Wheezing disorders in the preschool child , pp. 55-72
    • Martinez, F.1
  • 11
  • 17
    • 33750338828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ¿Cómo evaluar el riesgo de asma bronquial en lactantes y preescolares?
    • Castro Rodríguez JA. ¿Cómo evaluar el riesgo de asma bronquial en lactantes y preescolares? Arch Bronconeumol. 2006;42:453-6.
    • (2006) Arch Bronconeumol , vol.42 , pp. 453-456
    • Castro Rodríguez, J.A.1
  • 18
    • 2542546509 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asthma phenotypes in childhood: Lessons from an epidemiological approach
    • Stein RT, Martínez FD. Asthma phenotypes in childhood: lessons from an epidemiological approach. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2004;5:155-61.
    • (2004) Paediatr Respir Rev , vol.5 , pp. 155-161
    • Stein, R.T.1    Martínez, F.D.2
  • 20
    • 0037822324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wheezy bronchitis in childhood. A distinct clinical entitiy with lifelong significance?
    • Edwards CA, Osman LM, Godden DJ, Douglas JG. Wheezy bronchitis in childhood. A distinct clinical entitiy with lifelong significance? Chest. 2003;124:18-24.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.124 , pp. 18-24
    • Edwards, C.A.1    Osman, L.M.2    Godden, D.J.3    Douglas, J.G.4
  • 22
    • 47049121610 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distinguishing phenotypes of childhood wheeze and cough using latent class analysis
    • Spycher BD, Silverman M, Brooke AM, Minder CE, Kuehni CE. Distinguishing phenotypes of childhood wheeze and cough using latent class analysis. Eur Respir J. 2008;31:974-81.
    • (2008) Eur Respir J , vol.31 , pp. 974-981
    • Spycher, B.D.1    Silverman, M.2    Brooke, A.M.3    Minder, C.E.4    Kuehni, C.E.5
  • 24
  • 25
    • 34250644233 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact pf pre- and post-natal smoke exposure on future asthma and bronchial hyper-responsiveness
    • Goksor E, Amark M, Alm B, Gustafsson PM, Wennergren G. The impact pf pre- and post-natal smoke exposure on future asthma and bronchial hyper-responsiveness. Acta Pediatr. 2007;96:1030-5.
    • (2007) Acta Pediatr , vol.96 , pp. 1030-1035
    • Goksor, E.1    Amark, M.2    Alm, B.3    Gustafsson, P.M.4    Wennergren, G.5
  • 26
    • 38349048634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Wheezy babies-wheezy adults? Review on long-term outcome until adulthood after early childhood wheezing
    • Piippo-Savolainen E, Korppi M. Wheezy babies-wheezy adults? Review on long-term outcome until adulthood after early childhood wheezing. Acta Pediatr. 2008;97:5-11.
    • (2008) Acta Pediatr , vol.97 , pp. 5-11
    • Piippo-Savolainen, E.1    Korppi, M.2
  • 27
    • 0030901301 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled glucocorticoid therapy of childhood asthma is associated with reduced peripheral blood T cell activation and "Th2-type" cytokine mRNA expression
    • Gemou-Engesaeth V, Bush A, Kay AB, Hamid Q, Corrigan CJ. Inhaled glucocorticoid therapy of childhood asthma is associated with reduced peripheral blood T cell activation and "Th2-type" cytokine mRNA expression. Pediatrics. 1997;99: 695-703.
    • (1997) Pediatrics , vol.99 , pp. 695-703
    • Gemou-Engesaeth, V.1    Bush, A.2    Kay, A.B.3    Hamid, Q.4    Corrigan, C.J.5
  • 28
    • 33746654968 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Objective assessment of lung disease in wheezy infants: The time has come
    • Sly PD. Objective assessment of lung disease in wheezy infants: the time has come. Pediatric Pulmonol. 2006;41:798-800.
    • (2006) Pediatric Pulmonol , vol.41 , pp. 798-800
    • Sly, P.D.1
  • 29
    • 0036310908 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non-eosinophilic asthma: Importance and possible mechanisms
    • Douwes J, Gibson P, Pekkanen J, Pearce N. Non-eosinophilic asthma: importance and possible mechanisms. Thorax. 2002;57:643-8.
    • (2002) Thorax , vol.57 , pp. 643-648
    • Douwes, J.1    Gibson, P.2    Pekkanen, J.3    Pearce, N.4
  • 33
    • 0032933252 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bronchoalveolar cell profiles in children with asthma, infantile wheeze, chronic cough or cystic fibrosis
    • Marguet C, Jouen-Boedes F, Dean TP, Warner JO. Bronchoalveolar cell profiles in children with asthma, infantile wheeze, chronic cough or cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159:1533-40.
    • (1999) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.159 , pp. 1533-1540
    • Marguet, C.1    Jouen-Boedes, F.2    Dean, T.P.3    Warner, J.O.4
  • 35
    • 40949118598 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How early do airway inflammation and remodeling occur?
    • Bush A. How early do airway inflammation and remodeling occur? Allergol Int. 2008;57:11-9.
    • (2008) Allergol Int , vol.57 , pp. 11-19
    • Bush, A.1
  • 36
    • 33747756534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asthma: Defining of the persistent adult phenotypes
    • Wenzel SE. Asthma: defining of the persistent adult phenotypes. Lancet. 2006;368:804-13.
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.368 , pp. 804-813
    • Wenzel, S.E.1
  • 37
    • 36049007283 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early detection of airway wall remodeling and eosinophilic inflammation in preschool wheezers
    • Saglani S, Payne DN, Zhu J, Wang Z, Nicholson AG, Bush A, et al. Early detection of airway wall remodeling and eosinophilic inflammation in preschool wheezers. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;176:858-64.
    • (2007) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.176 , pp. 858-864
    • Saglani, S.1    Payne, D.N.2    Zhu, J.3    Wang, Z.4    Nicholson, A.G.5    Bush, A.6
  • 40
    • 40049107712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immunologic and inflammatory mechanisms that drive asthma progression to remodeling
    • Broide DH. Immunologic and inflammatory mechanisms that drive asthma progression to remodeling. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2008;121:560-70.
    • (2008) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.121 , pp. 560-570
    • Broide, D.H.1
  • 41
    • 33748560106 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exhaled nitric oxide measurements: Clinical application and interpretation
    • Taylor DR, Pijnenburg MW, Smith AD, De Jongste JC. Exhaled nitric oxide measurements: clinical application and interpretation. Thorax. 2006;61:817-27.
    • (2006) Thorax , vol.61 , pp. 817-827
    • Taylor, D.R.1    Pijnenburg, M.W.2    Smith, A.D.3    De Jongste, J.C.4
  • 42
    • 38349122822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exhaled nitric oxide in childhood asthma: A review
    • Pijnenburg MW, De Jongste JC. Exhaled nitric oxide in childhood asthma: a review. Clin Exp Allergy. 2008;38:246-59.
    • (2008) Clin Exp Allergy , vol.38 , pp. 246-259
    • Pijnenburg, M.W.1    De Jongste, J.C.2
  • 44
  • 47
    • 17644363081 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATS/ERS Recommendations for Standardized Procedures for the Online and Offline Measurement of Exhaled Lower Respiratory Nitric Oxide and Nasal Nitric Oxide, 2005. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171:912-30
    • ATS/ERS Recommendations for Standardized Procedures for the Online and Offline Measurement of Exhaled Lower Respiratory Nitric Oxide and Nasal Nitric Oxide, 2005. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171:912-30.
  • 48
    • 0035083725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • FENO measured at fixed exhalation flow rate during controlled tidal breathing in children from the age of 2 yr
    • Buchvald F, Bisgaard H. FENO measured at fixed exhalation flow rate during controlled tidal breathing in children from the age of 2 yr. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;163:699-704.
    • (2001) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.163 , pp. 699-704
    • Buchvald, F.1    Bisgaard, H.2
  • 49
    • 0033724758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple flow-driven method for online measurement of exhaled NO starting at the age of 4 to 5 years
    • Baraldi E, Scollo M, Zaramella C, Zanconato S, Zacchello F. A simple flow-driven method for online measurement of exhaled NO starting at the age of 4 to 5 years. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;162:1828-32.
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.162 , pp. 1828-1832
    • Baraldi, E.1    Scollo, M.2    Zaramella, C.3    Zanconato, S.4    Zacchello, F.5
  • 50
    • 33846898838 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exhaled nitric oxide in healthy young children during tidal breathing through a face-mask
    • Daniel PF, Klug B, Valerius NH. Exhaled nitric oxide in healthy young children during tidal breathing through a face-mask. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2007;18:42-6.
    • (2007) Pediatr Allergy Immunol , vol.18 , pp. 42-46
    • Daniel, P.F.1    Klug, B.2    Valerius, N.H.3
  • 51
    • 2542506740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-breath exhaled nitric oxide in preschool children facilitated by a servo-controlled device maintaining constant flow
    • Silkoff PE, Bates CA, Meiser JB, Bratton DL. Single-breath exhaled nitric oxide in preschool children facilitated by a servo-controlled device maintaining constant flow. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004;37:554-8.
    • (2004) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.37 , pp. 554-558
    • Silkoff, P.E.1    Bates, C.A.2    Meiser, J.B.3    Bratton, D.L.4
  • 52
  • 53
    • 33749582774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exhaled breath condensate nitrite/nitrate and pH in relation to pediatric asthma control and exhaled nitric oxide
    • Ratnawati R, Morton J, Henry RL, Thomas PS. Exhaled breath condensate nitrite/nitrate and pH in relation to pediatric asthma control and exhaled nitric oxide. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2006;41:929-36.
    • (2006) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.41 , pp. 929-936
    • Ratnawati, R.1    Morton, J.2    Henry, R.L.3    Thomas, P.S.4
  • 54
    • 18644373492 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical use of noninvasive measurements of airway inflammation in steroid reduction in children
    • Zacharasiewicz A, Wilson N, Lex C, Erin EM, Li AM, Hansel T, et al. Clinical use of noninvasive measurements of airway inflammation in steroid reduction in children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171:1077-82.
    • (2005) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.171 , pp. 1077-1082
    • Zacharasiewicz, A.1    Wilson, N.2    Lex, C.3    Erin, E.M.4    Li, A.M.5    Hansel, T.6
  • 56
    • 33645504944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ATS Workshop Proceedings. Exhaled nitric oxide and nitric oxide oxidative metabolism in exhaled breath condensate. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2006;3:131-45.
    • ATS Workshop Proceedings. Exhaled nitric oxide and nitric oxide oxidative metabolism in exhaled breath condensate. Proc Am Thorac Soc. 2006;3:131-45.
  • 57
    • 24644515785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Horvath I, Hunt J, Barnes PJ. ATS/ERS Task Force. Exhaled breath condensate: methodological recommendations and unresolved questions. Eur Respir J. 2005;26:523-48.
    • Horvath I, Hunt J, Barnes PJ. ATS/ERS Task Force. Exhaled breath condensate: methodological recommendations and unresolved questions. Eur Respir J. 2005;26:523-48.
  • 59
    • 31144460596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • La inflamación en el asma: Aspectos diagnósticos y marcadores de la evolución.
    • Belda J. La inflamación en el asma: aspectos diagnósticos y marcadores de la evolución. Arch Bronconeumol. 2004;40:23-6.
    • (2004) Arch Bronconeumol , vol.40 , pp. 23-26
    • Belda, J.1
  • 60
    • 33947227285 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does sputum eosinophilia predict the response to systemic corticoesteroids in chlidren with difficult asthma?
    • Lex C, Jenkins G, Wilson NM, Zaacharasiewicz A, Erin Ed, Hansel TT, et al. Does sputum eosinophilia predict the response to systemic corticoesteroids in chlidren with difficult asthma? Pediatr Pulmonol. 2007;42:298-303.
    • (2007) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.42 , pp. 298-303
    • Lex, C.1    Jenkins, G.2    Wilson, N.M.3    Zaacharasiewicz, A.4    Erin, E.5    Hansel, T.T.6
  • 62
    • 0037314916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between induced sputum eosinophils and the clinical pattern of childhood asthma
    • Gibson PG, Simpson JL, Hankin R, Powell H, Henry RL. Relationship between induced sputum eosinophils and the clinical pattern of childhood asthma. Thorax. 2003;58:116-21.
    • (2003) Thorax , vol.58 , pp. 116-121
    • Gibson, P.G.1    Simpson, J.L.2    Hankin, R.3    Powell, H.4    Henry, R.L.5
  • 63
    • 0035686582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of sputum taken from wheezy and asthmatic infants and children, with special reference to respiratory infections
    • Nagayama Y, Tsubaki T, Toba T, Nakayama S, Kiyofumi O. Analysis of sputum taken from wheezy and asthmatic infants and children, with special reference to respiratory infections. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2001;12:318-26.
    • (2001) Pediatr Allergy Immunol , vol.12 , pp. 318-326
    • Nagayama, Y.1    Tsubaki, T.2    Toba, T.3    Nakayama, S.4    Kiyofumi, O.5
  • 64
    • 33745851880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of PCR for sputum samples obtained by induced cough and serological test for diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children
    • Yamazaki T, Narita M, Sasaki N, Kenri T, Arakawa Y, Sasaki T. Comparison of PCR for sputum samples obtained by induced cough and serological test for diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children. Clin Vaccine Immunol. 2006;13:708-10.
    • (2006) Clin Vaccine Immunol , vol.13 , pp. 708-710
    • Yamazaki, T.1    Narita, M.2    Sasaki, N.3    Kenri, T.4    Arakawa, Y.5    Sasaki, T.6
  • 65
    • 0038044563 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sputum induction as a diagnostic tool for community acquired pneumonia in infants and young children form a high HIV prevalence area
    • Zar HJ, Tannenbaum E, Hanslo D, Hussey G. Sputum induction as a diagnostic tool for community acquired pneumonia in infants and young children form a high HIV prevalence area. Pediatric Pulmonol. 2003;36:58-62.
    • (2003) Pediatric Pulmonol , vol.36 , pp. 58-62
    • Zar, H.J.1    Tannenbaum, E.2    Hanslo, D.3    Hussey, G.4
  • 67
    • 0033985571 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bronchoalveolar lavage in children. ERS Task Force on bronchoalveolar lavage in children. European Respiratory
    • De Blic J, Midulla F, Barbato A, Clement A, Dab I, Eber E, et al. Bronchoalveolar lavage in children. ERS Task Force on bronchoalveolar lavage in children. European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J. 2000;15:217-31.
    • (2000) Society. Eur Respir J , vol.15 , pp. 217-231
    • De Blic, J.1    Midulla, F.2    Barbato, A.3    Clement, A.4    Dab, I.5    Eber, E.6
  • 68
    • 0028297367 scopus 로고
    • Bronchoalveolar lavage
    • Henderson AJW. Bronchoalveolar lavage. Arch Dis Child. 1994;70:167-9.
    • (1994) Arch Dis Child , vol.70 , pp. 167-169
    • Henderson, A.J.W.1
  • 69
    • 0035140579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pediatric bronchoscopy
    • Nicolai T. Pediatric bronchoscopy. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2001;31:150-64.
    • (2001) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.31 , pp. 150-164
    • Nicolai, T.1
  • 71
    • 0033768832 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tidal forced expirations. ERS/ATS Task Force on Standards for Infant Respiratory Function Testing. European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic
    • Sly PD, Tepper R, Henschen M, Gappa M, Stocks J. Tidal forced expirations. ERS/ATS Task Force on Standards for Infant Respiratory Function Testing. European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society. Eur Respir J. 2000;16:741-8.
    • (2000) Society. Eur Respir J , vol.16 , pp. 741-748
    • Sly, P.D.1    Tepper, R.2    Henschen, M.3    Gappa, M.4    Stocks, J.5
  • 72
    • 0034518888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specification for signal processing and data handling used for infant pulmonary function testing. ERS/ATS Task Force on Standards for Infant Respiratory Function Testing. European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic
    • Frey U, Stocks J, Sly P, Bates J. Specification for signal processing and data handling used for infant pulmonary function testing. ERS/ATS Task Force on Standards for Infant Respiratory Function Testing. European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society. Eur Respir J. 2000;16:1016-22.
    • (2000) Society. Eur Respir J , vol.16 , pp. 1016-1022
    • Frey, U.1    Stocks, J.2    Sly, P.3    Bates, J.4
  • 73
    • 0034071721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The Joint American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society Working Group on Infant Lung function. The raised rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161:1760-2
    • The Joint American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society Working Group on Infant Lung function. The raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161:1760-2.
  • 74
    • 0036107651 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Exploring the relationship between forced maximal flow at functional residual capacity and parameters of forced expiration from raised lung volume in healthy infants
    • Ranganathan SC, Hoo AF, Lum SY, Gotees I, Castle RA, Stocks J. Exploring the relationship between forced maximal flow at functional residual capacity and parameters of forced expiration from raised lung volume in healthy infants. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2002;33:419-28.
    • (2002) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.33 , pp. 419-428
    • Ranganathan, S.C.1    Hoo, A.F.2    Lum, S.Y.3    Gotees, I.4    Castle, R.A.5    Stocks, J.6
  • 76
    • 54849419618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relative ability of full and partial forced expiratory meneuvers to identify diminished airway function in infants with cystic fibrosis
    • Ranganathan SC, Bush A, Dezateux C, Carr SB, Hoo AF, Lum S, et al. Relative ability of full and partial forced expiratory meneuvers to identify diminished airway function in infants with cystic fibrosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161:763-8.
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.161 , pp. 763-768
    • Ranganathan, S.C.1    Bush, A.2    Dezateux, C.3    Carr, S.B.4    Hoo, A.F.5    Lum, S.6
  • 77
    • 0034080667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessment of bronchodilator responsiveness in infants with bronchiolitis. A comparison of the tidal and the raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique
    • Modl M, Eber E, Weinhandl E, Gruber W, Zach MS. Assessment of bronchodilator responsiveness in infants with bronchiolitis. A comparison of the tidal and the raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression technique. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;161:763-8.
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.161 , pp. 763-768
    • Modl, M.1    Eber, E.2    Weinhandl, E.3    Gruber, W.4    Zach, M.S.5
  • 80
    • 38349057445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feasibility of repetitive lung function measurements by raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression during methacholine challenge in young infants
    • Loland L, Bisgaard H. Feasibility of repetitive lung function measurements by raised volume rapid thoracoabdominal compression during methacholine challenge in young infants. Chest. 2008;133:115-22.
    • (2008) Chest , vol.133 , pp. 115-122
    • Loland, L.1    Bisgaard, H.2
  • 81
    • 0027194428 scopus 로고
    • Lung function in white children aged 4 to 19 years: II-Single breath analysis and plethysmography
    • Rosenthal M, Cramer D, Bain SH, Denison D, Bush A, Warner JO. Lung function in white children aged 4 to 19 years: II-Single breath analysis and plethysmography. Thorax. 1993;48:803-8.
    • (1993) Thorax , vol.48 , pp. 803-808
    • Rosenthal, M.1    Cramer, D.2    Bain, S.H.3    Denison, D.4    Bush, A.5    Warner, J.O.6
  • 82
    • 0034960994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plethysmographic measurements of lung volume and airway resistance. ERS/ATS Task Force on Standards for Infant Respiratory Function Testing. European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic
    • Stocks J, Godfrey S, Beardsmore C, Bar-Yishay E, Castile R. Plethysmographic measurements of lung volume and airway resistance. ERS/ATS Task Force on Standards for Infant Respiratory Function Testing. European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society. Eur Respir J. 2001;17:302-12.
    • (2001) Society. Eur Respir J , vol.17 , pp. 302-312
    • Stocks, J.1    Godfrey, S.2    Beardsmore, C.3    Bar-Yishay, E.4    Castile, R.5
  • 83
    • 0028931061 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stocks J, Quanjer PH. Reference values for residual functional residual capacity and total lung capacity. ATS Workshop on Lung Measurements. Official Statement of The European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J. 1995;8:492-506.
    • Stocks J, Quanjer PH. Reference values for residual volume, functional residual capacity and total lung capacity. ATS Workshop on Lung Volume Measurements. Official Statement of The European Respiratory Society. Eur Respir J. 1995;8:492-506.
  • 84
    • 22244489698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plethysmographic measurements of specific airway resistance in young children
    • Bisgaard H, Nielsen KG. Plethysmographic measurements of specific airway resistance in young children. Chest. 2005;128:355-62.
    • (2005) Chest , vol.128 , pp. 355-362
    • Bisgaard, H.1    Nielsen, K.G.2
  • 85
    • 0036606112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific airway resistance in 3-year-old children: A prospective cohort study
    • Lowe L, Murray CS, Custovic A, Simpson BM, Kissen PM, Woodcock A, et al. Specific airway resistance in 3-year-old children: A prospective cohort study. Lancet. 2002;359:1904-8.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1904-1908
    • Lowe, L.1    Murray, C.S.2    Custovic, A.3    Simpson, B.M.4    Kissen, P.M.5    Woodcock, A.6
  • 86
    • 0035881016 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discriminative capacity of bronchodilator response measured with three different lung function techniques in asthmatic and healthy children aged 2 to 5 years
    • Nielsen KG, Bisgaard H. Discriminative capacity of bronchodilator response measured with three different lung function techniques in asthmatic and healthy children aged 2 to 5 years. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164:554-9.
    • (2001) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.164 , pp. 554-559
    • Nielsen, K.G.1    Bisgaard, H.2
  • 87
    • 0017220904 scopus 로고
    • A simplified approach to the measurement of specific airway resistance
    • Dab I, Alexander F. A simplified approach to the measurement of specific airway resistance. Pediatr Res. 1976;10:998-9.
    • (1976) Pediatr Res , vol.10 , pp. 998-999
    • Dab, I.1    Alexander, F.2
  • 88
    • 0036606112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specific airway resistance in 3-year-old children: A prospective cohort study
    • Lowe L, Murray CS, Custovic A, Simpson BM, Kissen PM, Woodcock A, et al. Specific airway resistance in 3-year-old children: A prospective cohort study. Lancet. 2002;359:1904-8.
    • (2002) Lancet , vol.359 , pp. 1904-1908
    • Lowe, L.1    Murray, C.S.2    Custovic, A.3    Simpson, B.M.4    Kissen, P.M.5    Woodcock, A.6
  • 90
    • 0037336954 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Airway hyperresponsiveness
    • O'Byrne PM, Inman MD. Airway hyperresponsiveness. Chest. 2003;123:411-6.
    • (2003) Chest , vol.123 , pp. 411-416
    • O'Byrne, P.M.1    Inman, M.D.2
  • 91
    • 34250190592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: Pulmonary function testing in preschool children
    • Beydon N, Davis SD, Lombardi E, Allen JL, Arets HG, Aurora P, et al. An official American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society statement: Pulmonary function testing in preschool children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;175:1304-45.
    • (2007) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.175 , pp. 1304-1345
    • Beydon, N.1    Davis, S.D.2    Lombardi, E.3    Allen, J.L.4    Arets, H.G.5    Aurora, P.6
  • 92
    • 0035888674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between bronchial responsiveness and clinical evolution in infants who wheeze: A four-year prospective study
    • Delacourt C, Benoist MR, Waernessyckle S, Rufin P, Brouard JJ, De Blic J, et al. Relationship between bronchial responsiveness and clinical evolution in infants who wheeze: a four-year prospective study. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2001;164:1382-6.
    • (2001) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.164 , pp. 1382-1386
    • Delacourt, C.1    Benoist, M.R.2    Waernessyckle, S.3    Rufin, P.4    Brouard, J.J.5    De Blic, J.6
  • 93
    • 0029975553 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Measurement of lung function in awake 2-4-year-old asthmatic children during methacholine challenge and acute asthma: A comparison of the impulse oscillation technique, the interrupter technique, and transcutaneous measurement of oxygen versus whole-body plethysmography
    • Klug B, Bisgaard H. Measurement of lung function in awake 2-4-year-old asthmatic children during methacholine challenge and acute asthma: a comparison of the impulse oscillation technique, the interrupter technique, and transcutaneous measurement of oxygen versus whole-body plethysmography. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1996;21:290-300.
    • (1996) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.21 , pp. 290-300
    • Klug, B.1    Bisgaard, H.2
  • 94
    • 0033825793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of methacholine bronchial challenge performed by auscultation in young asthmatic children
    • Springer C, Godfrey S, Picard E, Uwyyed K, Rotschild M, Hananya S, et al. Efficacy and safety of methacholine bronchial challenge performed by auscultation in young asthmatic children. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000;162:857-60.
    • (2000) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.162 , pp. 857-860
    • Springer, C.1    Godfrey, S.2    Picard, E.3    Uwyyed, K.4    Rotschild, M.5    Hananya, S.6
  • 95
    • 17544396688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agreement between tracheal auscultation and pulmonary function in methacholine bronchial inhalation challenge in asthmatic children
    • De Frutos C, Pérez-Yarza EG, Aldasoro A, Emparanza JI, Callén M, Mintegui J. Agreement between tracheal auscultation and pulmonary function in methacholine bronchial inhalation challenge in asthmatic children. An Esp Pediatr. 2002;56:304-9.
    • (2002) An Esp Pediatr , vol.56 , pp. 304-309
    • De Frutos, C.1    Pérez-Yarza, E.G.2    Aldasoro, A.3    Emparanza, J.I.4    Callén, M.5    Mintegui, J.6
  • 96
    • 34147213176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Estudio de la hiperrespuesta bronquial a la metacolina mediante la auscultación traqueal en niños sanos menores de 4 años.
    • De Mir Messa I, Moreno A, Cobos N, Liñán S, Gartner S, Vizmanos G. Estudio de la hiperrespuesta bronquial a la metacolina mediante la auscultación traqueal en niños sanos menores de 4 años. Arch Bronconeumol. 2007;43:156-60.
    • (2007) Arch Bronconeumol , vol.43 , pp. 156-160
    • De Mir Messa, I.1    Moreno, A.2    Cobos, N.3    Liñán, S.4    Gartner, S.5    Vizmanos, G.6
  • 97
    • 1542313828 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is clinical wheezing reliable as the endpoint for bronchial challenges in preschool children?
    • Godfrey S, Uwyyed K, Springer C, Avital A. Is clinical wheezing reliable as the endpoint for bronchial challenges in preschool children? Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004;37:193-200.
    • (2004) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.37 , pp. 193-200
    • Godfrey, S.1    Uwyyed, K.2    Springer, C.3    Avital, A.4
  • 98
    • 0035094929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relationship between bronchial hyperresponsiveness and development of asthma in wheezy infants
    • Saga R, Mochizuki H, Tokuyama K, Morikawa A. Relationship between bronchial hyperresponsiveness and development of asthma in wheezy infants. Chest. 2001;119:685-90.
    • (2001) Chest , vol.119 , pp. 685-690
    • Saga, R.1    Mochizuki, H.2    Tokuyama, K.3    Morikawa, A.4
  • 102
    • 85031376804 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • British Guideline on the management of asthma (SIGN Updated Mayo 2008). A national clinical guideline. British Thoracic Society. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Update 2008. Disponible en: http://www.sign.ac.uk/ guidelines/fulltext/101/index.html
    • British Guideline on the management of asthma (SIGN Updated Mayo 2008). A national clinical guideline. British Thoracic Society. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Update 2008. Disponible en: http://www.sign.ac.uk/ guidelines/fulltext/101/index.html
  • 103
    • 85031381203 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • National Institutes of Health. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 3 (NAEPP EPR-3). Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma 2007. Disponible en: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/ asthma/index.htm
    • National Institutes of Health. National Asthma Education and Prevention Program. Expert Panel Report 3 (NAEPP EPR-3). Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Asthma 2007. Disponible en: http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/guidelines/ asthma/index.htm
  • 104
    • 14744284760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Swiss Paediatric Pulmonology Group. Phenotype specific treatment of obstructive airways disease in infancy and childhood: New recommendations of the Swiss Paediatric Pulmonology Group
    • Kuehni CE, Swiss Paediatric Pulmonology Group. Phenotype specific treatment of obstructive airways disease in infancy and childhood: new recommendations of the Swiss Paediatric Pulmonology Group. Swiss Med Wkly. 2005;135:95-100.
    • (2005) Swiss Med Wkly , vol.135 , pp. 95-100
    • Kuehni, C.E.1
  • 105
    • 34548564077 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Grupo de trabajo de para el Consenso sobre Tratamiento del Asma Infantil. Consenso sobre tratamiento del asma en pediatría.
    • Castillo JA, De Benito J, Escribano A, Fernández M, García de la Rubia S, Garde J, et al. Grupo de trabajo de para el Consenso sobre Tratamiento del Asma Infantil. Consenso sobre tratamiento del asma en pediatría. An Pediatr (Barc). 2007;67:253-73.
    • (2007) An Pediatr (Barc) , vol.67 , pp. 253-273
    • Castillo, J.A.1    De Benito, J.2    Escribano, A.3    Fernández, M.4    García de la Rubia, S.5    Garde, J.6
  • 108
    • 33747758047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secondary prevention of asthma by the use of Inhaled Fluticasone propionate in Wheezy INfants (IFWIN): Double-blind, randomised, controlled study
    • for the IFWIN study team
    • Murray CS, Woodcock A, Langley SJ, Morris J, Custovic A, for the IFWIN study team. Secondary prevention of asthma by the use of Inhaled Fluticasone propionate in Wheezy INfants (IFWIN): Double-blind, randomised, controlled study. Lancet. 2006;368:754-62.
    • (2006) Lancet , vol.368 , pp. 754-762
    • Murray, C.S.1    Woodcock, A.2    Langley, S.J.3    Morris, J.4    Custovic, A.5
  • 109
    • 1442332047 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Twelve-month safety and efficacy of inhaled fluticasone propionate in children aged 1 to 3 years with recurrent wheezing
    • Bisgaard H, Allen D, Milanowski J, Kalev I, Willis L, Davies P. Twelve-month safety and efficacy of inhaled fluticasone propionate in children aged 1 to 3 years with recurrent wheezing. Pediatrics. 2004;113:e87-e94.
    • (2004) Pediatrics , vol.113
    • Bisgaard, H.1    Allen, D.2    Milanowski, J.3    Kalev, I.4    Willis, L.5    Davies, P.6
  • 110
    • 27144529543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate in very young children with persistent asthma symptoms
    • Carlsen KC, Stick S, Kamin W, Cirule I, Hughes S, Wixon C. The efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate in very young children with persistent asthma symptoms. Respir Med. 2005;99:1393-402.
    • (2005) Respir Med , vol.99 , pp. 1393-1402
    • Carlsen, K.C.1    Stick, S.2    Kamin, W.3    Cirule, I.4    Hughes, S.5    Wixon, C.6
  • 111
    • 33745219017 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of inhaled fluticasone propionate chlorofluorocarbon in 2- to 4-year-old patients with asthma: Results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Wasserman RL, Baker JW, Kim KT, Blake KV, Scott CA, Wu W, et al. Efficacy and safety of inhaled fluticasone propionate chlorofluorocarbon in 2- to 4-year-old patients with asthma: results of a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006;96:808-18.
    • (2006) Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol , vol.96 , pp. 808-818
    • Wasserman, R.L.1    Baker, J.W.2    Kim, K.T.3    Blake, K.V.4    Scott, C.A.5    Wu, W.6
  • 112
    • 33751109992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate hydrofluoroalkane inhalation aerosol in preschoolage children with asthma: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study
    • Qaqundah PY, Sugerman RW, Ceruti E, Maspero JF, Kleha JF, Scott CA, et al. Efficacy and safety of fluticasone propionate hydrofluoroalkane inhalation aerosol in preschoolage children with asthma: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Pediatr. 2006;149:663-70.
    • (2006) J Pediatr , vol.149 , pp. 663-670
    • Qaqundah, P.Y.1    Sugerman, R.W.2    Ceruti, E.3    Maspero, J.F.4    Kleha, J.F.5    Scott, C.A.6
  • 115
    • 4143077022 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled fluticasone dipropionate decreases levels of nitric oxide in recurrenty wheezy infants
    • Moeller A, Franklin P, Hall GL, Turner S, Straub D, Wildhaber JH, et al. Inhaled fluticasone dipropionate decreases levels of nitric oxide in recurrenty wheezy infants. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2004;38:250-5.
    • (2004) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.38 , pp. 250-255
    • Moeller, A.1    Franklin, P.2    Hall, G.L.3    Turner, S.4    Straub, D.5    Wildhaber, J.H.6
  • 116
    • 84921431253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled steroids for episodic viral wheeze of childhood (Cochrane Review)
    • McKean M, Ducharme F. Inhaled steroids for episodic viral wheeze of childhood (Cochrane Review). The Cochrane Library, Issue 4, 2002.
    • (2002) The Cochrane Library, Issue , vol.4
    • McKean, M.1    Ducharme, F.2
  • 118
    • 0033855726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled corticosteroids during and after respiratory syncytial virus-bronchiolitis may decrease subsequent asthma
    • Kajosaari M, Syvanen P, Forars M, Juntunen-Backman K. Inhaled corticosteroids during and after respiratory syncytial virus-bronchiolitis may decrease subsequent asthma. Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2000;11:198-202.
    • (2000) Pediatr Allergy Immunol , vol.11 , pp. 198-202
    • Kajosaari, M.1    Syvanen, P.2    Forars, M.3    Juntunen-Backman, K.4
  • 119
    • 38049170869 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Inhaled corticosteroids for recurrent respiratory symptoms in preschool children in general practice: Randomized controlled trial
    • Schokker S, Kooi EM, De Wries TW, Brand PL, Mulder PG, Duiverman EJ, et al. Inhaled corticosteroids for recurrent respiratory symptoms in preschool children in general practice: randomized controlled trial. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2008;21:88-97.
    • (2008) Pulm Pharmacol Ther , vol.21 , pp. 88-97
    • Schokker, S.1    Kooi, E.M.2    De Wries, T.W.3    Brand, P.L.4    Mulder, P.G.5    Duiverman, E.J.6
  • 120
    • 0034774887 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Response of preschool children with asthma symptoms to fluticasone propionate
    • Roorda RJ, Mezei G, Bisgaard H, Maden C. Response of preschool children with asthma symptoms to fluticasone propionate. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;108:540-6.
    • (2001) J Allergy Clin Immunol , vol.108 , pp. 540-546
    • Roorda, R.J.1    Mezei, G.2    Bisgaard, H.3    Maden, C.4
  • 121
    • 34250863334 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should preschool wheezers ever be treated with inhaled corticosteroids?
    • Saglani S, Wilson N, Bush A. Should preschool wheezers ever be treated with inhaled corticosteroids? Semin Respir Crit Care Med. 2007;28:272-85.
    • (2007) Semin Respir Crit Care Med , vol.28 , pp. 272-285
    • Saglani, S.1    Wilson, N.2    Bush, A.3
  • 122
    • 0035461065 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, for the treatment of persistent asthma in children aged 2 to 5 years
    • Knorr B, Franchi LM, Bisgaard H, Vermeulen JH, LeSouef P, Santanello N, et al. Montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, for the treatment of persistent asthma in children aged 2 to 5 years. Pediatrics. 2001;108:e48.
    • (2001) Pediatrics , vol.108
    • Knorr, B.1    Franchi, L.M.2    Bisgaard, H.3    Vermeulen, J.H.4    LeSouef, P.5    Santanello, N.6
  • 125
    • 34548256745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of the September epidemic of asthma exacerbations in children: A randomized, controlled trial of montelukast added to usual therapy
    • Johnston NW, Mandhane PJ, Dai J, Duncan JM, Greene JM, Lambert K, et al. Attenuation of the September epidemic of asthma exacerbations in children: A randomized, controlled trial of montelukast added to usual therapy. Pediatrics. 2007;120:e702-e12.
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.120
    • Johnston, N.W.1    Mandhane, P.J.2    Dai, J.3    Duncan, J.M.4    Greene, J.M.5    Lambert, K.6
  • 126
    • 33846304206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of montelukast on bronchial hyperreactivity in preschool children
    • Hakim F, Vilozni D, Adler A, Livnat G, Tal A, Bentur L. The effect of montelukast on bronchial hyperreactivity in preschool children. Chest. 2007;131:180-6.
    • (2007) Chest , vol.131 , pp. 180-186
    • Hakim, F.1    Vilozni, D.2    Adler, A.3    Livnat, G.4    Tal, A.5    Bentur, L.6
  • 127
    • 13844275408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of montelukast on lung function and exhaled nitric oxide in infants with early childhood asthma
    • Straub DA, Moeller A, Minocchieri S, Hamacher J, Sennhauser FH, Hall GL, et al. The effect of montelukast on lung function and exhaled nitric oxide in infants with early childhood asthma. Eur Respir J. 2005;25:289-94.
    • (2005) Eur Respir J , vol.25 , pp. 289-294
    • Straub, D.A.1    Moeller, A.2    Minocchieri, S.3    Hamacher, J.4    Sennhauser, F.H.5    Hall, G.L.6
  • 128
    • 13644254648 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of montelukast on exhaled nitric oxide and lung function in asthmatic children 2 to 5 years old
    • Straub DA, Minocchieri S, Moeller A, Hamacher J, Wildhaber JH. The effect of montelukast on exhaled nitric oxide and lung function in asthmatic children 2 to 5 years old. Chest. 2005;127:509-14.
    • (2005) Chest , vol.127 , pp. 509-514
    • Straub, D.A.1    Minocchieri, S.2    Moeller, A.3    Hamacher, J.4    Wildhaber, J.H.5
  • 130
    • 24344454705 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Macrolides and airway inflammation in children
    • Shinkai M, Rubin BK. Macrolides and airway inflammation in children. Paediatr Respir Rev. 2005;6:227-35.
    • (2005) Paediatr Respir Rev , vol.6 , pp. 227-235
    • Shinkai, M.1    Rubin, B.K.2
  • 131
    • 34247222091 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Immmunomodulatory effects of macrolide antibiotics in respiratory diseases. Therapeutic implications in asthma and cystic fibrosis
    • Sharma S, Jaffe A, Dixon G. Immmunomodulatory effects of macrolide antibiotics in respiratory diseases. Therapeutic implications in asthma and cystic fibrosis. Pediatr Drugs. 2007;9:107-18.
    • (2007) Pediatr Drugs , vol.9 , pp. 107-118
    • Sharma, S.1    Jaffe, A.2    Dixon, G.3
  • 132
    • 33750143784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of clarithromycin on cytokines and chemokines in children with an acute exacerbation of recurrent wheezing: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial
    • Mónica Fonseca A, Okada PJ, Bowlare KL, Chávez Bueno S, Mejías A, Ríos AM, et al. Effect of clarithromycin on cytokines and chemokines in children with an acute exacerbation of recurrent wheezing: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2006;97:457-63.
    • (2006) Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol , vol.97 , pp. 457-463
    • Mónica Fonseca, A.1    Okada, P.J.2    Bowlare, K.L.3    Chávez Bueno, S.4    Mejías, A.5    Ríos, A.M.6
  • 133
    • 0023127724 scopus 로고
    • Airway responsiveness in wheezy infants: Evidence for functional beta adrenergic receptors
    • Prendiville A, Green S, Silverman M. Airway responsiveness in wheezy infants: evidence for functional beta adrenergic receptors. Thorax. 1987;42:100-4.
    • (1987) Thorax , vol.42 , pp. 100-104
    • Prendiville, A.1    Green, S.2    Silverman, M.3
  • 134
    • 0021243495 scopus 로고
    • Age-dependency of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors on thrombocytes and lymphocytes of asthmatic and nonasthmatic children
    • Reinhardt D, Zehmisch T, Becker B, Nagel-Hiemke M. Age-dependency of alpha- and beta-adrenoceptors on thrombocytes and lymphocytes of asthmatic and nonasthmatic children. Eur J Pediatr. 1984;142:111-6.
    • (1984) Eur J Pediatr , vol.142 , pp. 111-116
    • Reinhardt, D.1    Zehmisch, T.2    Becker, B.3    Nagel-Hiemke, M.4
  • 135
    • 0025046980 scopus 로고
    • Response of acute asthma to a beta 2 agonist in children less than two years of age
    • Bentur L, Kerem E, Canny G, Reisman J, Schuh S, Stein R, et al. Response of acute asthma to a beta 2 agonist in children less than two years of age. Ann Allergy. 1990;65:122-6.
    • (1990) Ann Allergy , vol.65 , pp. 122-126
    • Bentur, L.1    Kerem, E.2    Canny, G.3    Reisman, J.4    Schuh, S.5    Stein, R.6
  • 136
    • 0036048483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short acting beta agonists for recurrent wheeze in children under 2 years of age
    • CD002873
    • Chavasse R, Seddon P, Bara A, McKean M. Short acting beta agonists for recurrent wheeze in children under 2 years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(3):CD002873.
    • (2002) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.3
    • Chavasse, R.1    Seddon, P.2    Bara, A.3    McKean, M.4
  • 137
    • 4143125511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is bronchodilator response in 2-year-old children associated with asthma risk factors?
    • Lodrup Carlsen KC, Pettersen M, Carlsen KH. Is bronchodilator response in 2-year-old children associated with asthma risk factors? Pediatr Allergy Immunol. 2004;15:323-30.
    • (2004) Pediatr Allergy Immunol , vol.15 , pp. 323-330
    • Lodrup Carlsen, K.C.1    Pettersen, M.2    Carlsen, K.H.3
  • 138
    • 0030895713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aerosol delivery to wheezy infants: A comparison between a nebulizer and two small volume spacer
    • Le Souef PN. Aerosol delivery to wheezy infants: a comparison between a nebulizer and two small volume spacer. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1997;23:212-6.
    • (1997) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.23 , pp. 212-216
    • Le Souef, P.N.1
  • 139
    • 0034064966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Randomized trial of salbutamol via metered-dose inhaler with spacer versus nebulizer for acute wheezing in children less than 2 years of age
    • Rubilar L, Castro-Rodríguez JA, Girardi G. Randomized trial of salbutamol via metered-dose inhaler with spacer versus nebulizer for acute wheezing in children less than 2 years of age. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2000;29:264-9.
    • (2000) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.29 , pp. 264-269
    • Rubilar, L.1    Castro-Rodríguez, J.A.2    Girardi, G.3
  • 140
    • 0037235719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nebulizers versus metered-dose inhalers withs spacers for broncodilator therapy to treat wheezing in children aged 2 to 24 months in a pediatric emergency department
    • Delgado A, Chou KJ, Silver EJ, Crain EF. Nebulizers versus metered-dose inhalers withs spacers for broncodilator therapy to treat wheezing in children aged 2 to 24 months in a pediatric emergency department. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2003;157:76-80.
    • (2003) Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med , vol.157 , pp. 76-80
    • Delgado, A.1    Chou, K.J.2    Silver, E.J.3    Crain, E.F.4
  • 141
    • 85031386785 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cates CJ, Rowe BH, Bara A. Holding chambers versus nebulizers for beta-agonist treatment of acute asthma (Cochrane Review). En: The Cochrane Library, Issue 4. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2003.
    • Cates CJ, Rowe BH, Bara A. Holding chambers versus nebulizers for beta-agonist treatment of acute asthma (Cochrane Review). En: The Cochrane Library, Issue 4. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2003.
  • 142
    • 0026388906 scopus 로고
    • Short-term effect of albuterol, delivered via a new auxiliary device, in wheezy infants
    • Kraemer R, Frey U, Sommer CW, Russi E. Short-term effect of albuterol, delivered via a new auxiliary device, in wheezy infants. Am Rev Respir Dis. 1991;144:347-51.
    • (1991) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.144 , pp. 347-351
    • Kraemer, R.1    Frey, U.2    Sommer, C.W.3    Russi, E.4
  • 143
  • 144
    • 0026570116 scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of nebulized albuterol in children younger than 2 years of age with acute asthma
    • Bentur L, Canny GJ, Shields MD, Kerem E, Schuh S, Reisman JJ, et al. Controlled trial of nebulized albuterol in children younger than 2 years of age with acute asthma. Pediatrics. 1992;89:133-7.
    • (1992) Pediatrics , vol.89 , pp. 133-137
    • Bentur, L.1    Canny, G.J.2    Shields, M.D.3    Kerem, E.4    Schuh, S.5    Reisman, J.J.6
  • 145
    • 0025994064 scopus 로고
    • Do wheezy infants recovering from bronchiolitis respond to inhaled salbutamol?
    • Sly PD, Lanteri CJ, Raven JM. Do wheezy infants recovering from bronchiolitis respond to inhaled salbutamol? Pediatr Pulmonol. 1991;10:36-9.
    • (1991) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.10 , pp. 36-39
    • Sly, P.D.1    Lanteri, C.J.2    Raven, J.M.3
  • 146
    • 0027221999 scopus 로고
    • Delivery of salbutamol by metered dose inhaler and valved spacer to wheezy infants: Effect on bronchial responsiveness
    • Clarke JR, Aston H, Silverman M. Delivery of salbutamol by metered dose inhaler and valved spacer to wheezy infants: effect on bronchial responsiveness. Arch Dis Child. 1993;69:125-9.
    • (1993) Arch Dis Child , vol.69 , pp. 125-129
    • Clarke, J.R.1    Aston, H.2    Silverman, M.3
  • 147
    • 0031904284 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bronchodilator responsiveness testing using raised volume forced expiration in recurrently wheezing infants
    • Hayden MJ, Wildhaber JH, LeSouef PN. Bronchodilator responsiveness testing using raised volume forced expiration in recurrently wheezing infants. Pediatr Pulmonol. 1998;26:35-41.
    • (1998) Pediatr Pulmonol , vol.26 , pp. 35-41
    • Hayden, M.J.1    Wildhaber, J.H.2    LeSouef, P.N.3
  • 149
    • 0023008564 scopus 로고
    • Paradoxical deterioration in lung function after nebulised salbutamol in wheezy infants
    • O'Callaghan C, Milner AD, Swarbrick A. Paradoxical deterioration in lung function after nebulised salbutamol in wheezy infants. Lancet. 1986;2:1424-5.
    • (1986) Lancet , vol.2 , pp. 1424-1425
    • O'Callaghan, C.1    Milner, A.D.2    Swarbrick, A.3
  • 150
    • 0023129056 scopus 로고
    • Paradoxical response to nebulised salbutamol in wheezy infants, assessed by partial expiratory flow-volume curves
    • Prendiville A, Green S, Silverman M. Paradoxical response to nebulised salbutamol in wheezy infants, assessed by partial expiratory flow-volume curves. Thorax. 1987;42:86-91.
    • (1987) Thorax , vol.42 , pp. 86-91
    • Prendiville, A.1    Green, S.2    Silverman, M.3
  • 152
    • 0036048483 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short acting beta agonists for recurrent wheeze in children under 2 years of age
    • CD002873
    • Chavasse R, Seddon P, Bara A, McKean M. Short acting beta agonists for recurrent wheeze in children under 2 years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(3):CD002873.
    • (2002) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.3
    • Chavasse, R.1    Seddon, P.2    Bara, A.3    McKean, M.4
  • 153
    • 0028958908 scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of frequent nebulized ipratropium bromide added to frequent high-dose albuterol therapy in severe childhood asthma
    • Schuh S, Johnson DW, Callahan S, Canny G, Levison H. Efficacy of frequent nebulized ipratropium bromide added to frequent high-dose albuterol therapy in severe childhood asthma. J Pediatr. 1995;126:639-45.
    • (1995) J Pediatr , vol.126 , pp. 639-645
    • Schuh, S.1    Johnson, D.W.2    Callahan, S.3    Canny, G.4    Levison, H.5
  • 154
    • 0032505552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should inhaled anticholinergics be added to beta2 agonists for treating acute childhood and adolescent asthma? A systematic review
    • Plotnick LH, Ducharme FM. Should inhaled anticholinergics be added to beta2 agonists for treating acute childhood and adolescent asthma? A systematic review. BMJ. 1998;317:971-7.
    • (1998) BMJ , vol.317 , pp. 971-977
    • Plotnick, L.H.1    Ducharme, F.M.2
  • 156
    • 84921429633 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rowe BH, Spooner C, Ducharme FM, Bretzlaff JA, Bota CW. Early emergency department treatment of acute asthma with systemic corticosteroids (Cochrane Review). En: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2001.
    • Rowe BH, Spooner C, Ducharme FM, Bretzlaff JA, Bota CW. Early emergency department treatment of acute asthma with systemic corticosteroids (Cochrane Review). En: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2001.
  • 157
    • 0029896259 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Treatment of recurrent acute wheezing episodes in infancy with oral salbutamol and prednisolone
    • Fox G, Marsh MJ, Milner AD. Treatment of recurrent acute wheezing episodes in infancy with oral salbutamol and prednisolone. Eur J Pediatr. 1996;155:512-6.
    • (1996) Eur J Pediatr , vol.155 , pp. 512-516
    • Fox, G.1    Marsh, M.J.2    Milner, A.D.3
  • 158
    • 0035229808 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rowe BH, Spooner C, Ducharme FM, Bretzlaff JA, Bota CW. Corticosteroids for preventing relapse following acute exacerbations of asthma (Cochrane Review). En: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2001.
    • Rowe BH, Spooner C, Ducharme FM, Bretzlaff JA, Bota CW. Corticosteroids for preventing relapse following acute exacerbations of asthma (Cochrane Review). En: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2001.
  • 159
    • 0025132049 scopus 로고
    • Methylprednisolone therapy for acute asthma in infants and toddlers: A controlled clinical trial
    • Tal A, Levy N, Bearman JE. Methylprednisolone therapy for acute asthma in infants and toddlers: a controlled clinical trial. Pediatrics. 1990;86:350-6.
    • (1990) Pediatrics , vol.86 , pp. 350-356
    • Tal, A.1    Levy, N.2    Bearman, J.E.3
  • 160
    • 0242266584 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy of short course of parent-iniated oral prednisolone for viral wheeze in children aged 1-5 years: Randomised controlled trial
    • Ommen A, Lambert PC, Griqq J. Efficacy of short course of parent-iniated oral prednisolone for viral wheeze in children aged 1-5 years: randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2003;362:1433-8.
    • (2003) Lancet , vol.362 , pp. 1433-1438
    • Ommen, A.1    Lambert, P.C.2    Griqq, J.3
  • 161
    • 33750094903 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vuillermin P, South M, Robertson C. Parent-initiated oral corticosteroid therapy for intermittent wheezing illnesses in children (Cochrane Review). En: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2006.
    • Vuillermin P, South M, Robertson C. Parent-initiated oral corticosteroid therapy for intermittent wheezing illnesses in children (Cochrane Review). En: The Cochrane Library, Issue 3. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd; 2006.


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.