Chemotherapy in addition to preoperative radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer - A systematic overview

Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials

Volumn 3, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 204-211

  Glimelius, Bengt ^a,b   Holm, Torbjöm ^b   Blomqvist, Lennart ^b  

^a UPPSALA UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b KAROLINSKA UNIVERSITY HOSPITAL   (Sweden)

Author keywords

Local control; Locally advanced rectal cancer; Radiochemotherapy; Radiotherapy

Indexed keywords

FLUOROURACIL; FOLINIC ACID; METHOTREXATE; PLACEBO; ANTINEOPLASTIC ANTIMETABOLITE;

ADJUVANT THERAPY; ADVANCED CANCER; ANUS SPHINCTER; CANCER CHEMOTHERAPY; CANCER CONTROL; CANCER STAGING; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTINUOUS INFUSION; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; DISEASE FREE SURVIVAL; HUMAN; MONOTHERAPY; OVERALL SURVIVAL; PREOPERATIVE RADIOTHERAPY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RADIATION DOSE FRACTIONATION; RADIATION INDUCED EMESIS; RADIATION INJURY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RECTUM CANCER; RECURRENCE RISK; REVIEW; SYSTEMATIC REVIEW; TREATMENT DURATION; EVIDENCE BASED MEDICINE; METHODOLOGY; MULTIMODALITY CANCER THERAPY; PATHOLOGY; PREOPERATIVE CARE; RECTUM TUMOR; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ANTIMETABOLITES, ANTINEOPLASTIC; COMBINED MODALITY THERAPY; EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE; FLUOROURACIL; HUMANS; NEOPLASM STAGING; PREOPERATIVE CARE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS AS TOPIC; RECTAL NEOPLASMS; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 54049119251     PISSN: 15748871     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2174/157488708785700294     Document Type: Review

References (47)

1. Colorectal Cancer Collaborative Group. Adjuvant therapy for rectal cancer: a systematic overview of 8507 patients from 22 randomised trials. Lancet 2001; 58: 1291-304.
2. Camma C, Giunta M, Fiorica F, et al. Preoperative radiotherapy for resectable rectal cancer: A meta-analysis. JAMA 2000; 284: 1008-15.
3. Munro AJ, Bentley AHM. Adjuvant radiotherapy in operable rectal cancer: a systematic review. Sem Colon Rectal Surg 2002; 13: 31-42.
4. Glimelius B, Grönberg H, Järhult J, Wallgren A, Cavallin-ståhl E. A systematic overview of radiation therapy effects in rectal cancer. Acta Oncol 2003; 42: 476-92.
5. Bujko K, Kepka L, Michalski W, Nowacki MP. Does rectal cancer shrinkage induced by preoperative radio(chemo)therapy increase the likelihood of anterior resection? A systematic review of randomised trials. Radiother Oncol 2006; 80: 4-12.
6. NIH Consensus Conference. Adjuvant therapy for patients with colon and rectal cancer. JAMA 1990; 264: 1444-50.
7. NCI. Clinical Announcement. Adjuvant therapy of rectal cancer, 14th March; 1991.
8. Glimelius B. Chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer - is there an optimal combination? Ann Oncol 2001; 12: 1039-45.
9. Beets-Tan RG, Beets GL. Rectal cancer: review with emphasis on MR imaging. Radiology 2004; 232: 335-46.
10. Smith N, Brown G. Preoperative staging in rectal cancer. Acta Oncol 2008; 47:20-31.
11. Bosset JF, Collette L, Calais G, et al. Chemotherapy with preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2006; 355: 1114-23.
12. Gerard JP, Conroy T, Bonnetain F, et al. Preoperative radiotherapy with or without concurrent fluorouracil and leucovorin in T3-4 rectal cancers: results of FFCD 9203. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 4620-5.
13. Bujko K, Nowacki MP, Nasierowska-Guttmejer A, et al. Long-term results of a randomised trial comparing preoperative short-course radiotherapy vs preoperative conventionally fractionated chemoradiation for rectal cancer. Br J Surg 2006; 93: 1215-23.
14. Braendengen M, Tveit KM, Berglund Å, et al. A randomized phase III study (LARCS) comparing preoperative radiotherapy alone versus chemoradiotherapy in non-resectable rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2008; in press.
15. Sauer R, Becker H, Hohenberger W, et al. Preoperative versus postoperative chemoradiotherapy for rectal cancer. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1731-40.
16. Brown G, Daniels JR. Preoperative staging of rectal cancer: the MERCURY research project. Recent Results Cancer Res 2005; 165: 58-74.
17. MERCURY Study Group. Extramural depth of tumor invasion at thin-section MR in patients with rectal cancer: results of the MERCURY study. Radiology 2007; 243: 132-9.
18. Collette L, Bosset JF, den Dulk M, et al. Patients with curative resection of cT3-4 rectal cancer after preoperative radiotherapy or radiochemotherapy: does anybody benefit from adjuvant fluorouracil-based chemotherapy? J Clin Oncol 2007; 25: 4379-86.
19. Bosset JF, Calais G, Mineur J, et al. Enhanced tumorocidal effect of chemotherapy with preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer: preliminary results - EORTC 22921. J Clin Oncol 2005; 23: 5620-7.
20. Hyams DM, Masounas EP, Petrelli N, et al. A clinical trial to evaluate the worth of preopertive multimodality therapy in patients with operable carcinoma of the rectum. A progress report of the National Surgical Adjuvant Breast and Bowel Project protocol R-03. Dis Colon Rectum 1997; 40: 131-39.
21. Birgisson H, Påhlman L, Gunnarsson U, Glimelius B. Late adverse effects of radiation therapy for rectal cancer - a systematic overview. Acta Oncol 2007; 46: 504-16.
22. O'Connell MJ, Martenson JA, Wieand HS, et al. Improving adjuvant therapy for rectal cancer by combining protracted infusion fluorouracil with radiation therapy after curative surgery. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 502-07.
23. Smalley SR, Benedetti JK, Williamson SK, et al. Phase III trial of fluorouracil-based chemotherapy regimens plus radiotherapy in postoperative adjuvant rectal cancer: GI INT 0144. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 3542-7.
24. Chau I, Brown G, Cunningham D, et al. Neoadjuvant capecitabine and oxaliplatin followed by synchronous chemoradiation and total mesorectal excision in magnetic resonance imaging-defined poor-risk rectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 668-74.
25. Glynne-Jones R, Sebag-Montefiore D, Maughan TS, Falk SJ, McDonald AC. A phase I dose escalation study of continuous oral capecitabine in combination with oxaliplatin and pelvic radiation (XELOX-RT) in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer. Ann Oncol 2006; 17: 50-6.
26. Mohiuddin M, Winter K, Mitchell F, et al. Randomized phase II study of neoadjuvant combined-modality chemoradiation for distal rectal cancer: Radiation Therapy Oncology Group Trial 0012. J Clin Oncol 2006; 24: 650-5.
27. Glimelius B. Rectal cancer irradiation. Long course, short course or something else? Acta Oncol 2006; 45: 1013-7.
28. Frykholm G, Glimelius B, Påhlman L. Pre- or postoperative irradiation in adenocarcinoma of the rectum: Final treatment results of a randomized trial and an evaluation of late secondary effects. Dis Colon Rectum 1993; 36: 564-72.
29. Bipat S, Glas AS, Slors FJ, et al. Rectal cancer: local staging and assessment of lymph node involvement with endoluminal US, CT, and MR imaging - a meta-analysis. Radiology 2004; 232: 773-83.
30. Gualdi GF, Casciani E, Guadalaxara A, et al. Local staging of rectal cancer with transrectal ultrasound and endorectal magnetic resonance imaging: comparison with histologic findings. Dis Colon Rectum 2000; 43: 338-45.
31. Adam IJ, Mohamdee MO, Martin IG, et al. Role of circumferential margin involvement in the local recurrence of rectal cancer. Lancet 1994; 344: 707-11.
32. Dahlberg M, Påhlman L, Glimeius B. Cost-effectiveness of preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer. Results from the Swedish Rectal Cancer Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002; 54: 654-60.
33. van den Brink M, van den Hout WB, Stiggelbout AM, et al. Cost-utility analysis of preoperative radiotherapy in patients with rectal cancer undergoing total mesorectal excision: A study of the Dutch Colorectal Cancer Group. J Clin Oncol 2004; 22: 244-53.
34. Bakx R, Emous M, Legemate DA, et al. Harm and benefits of short-term pre-operative radiotherapy in patients with resectable rectal carcinomas. Eur J Surg Oncol 2006; 32: 520-6.
35. Hermanek P. Impact of surgeon's technique on outcome after treatment of rectal carcinoma. Dis Colon Rectum 1999; 42: 559-62.
36. Schrag D, Panageas KS, Riedel E, et al. Hospital and surgeon procedure volume as predictors of outcome following rectal cancer resection. Ann Surg 2002; 236: 583-92.
37. Martling A, Cedermark B, Johansson H, Rutqvist LE, Holm T. The surgeon as a prognostic factor after the introduction of total mesorectal excision in the treatment of rectal cancer. Br J Surg 2002; 89: 1008-13.
38. Fietkau R, Rodel C, Hohenberger W, et al. Rectal cancer delivery of radiotherapy in adequate time and with adequate dose is influenced by treatment center, treatment schedule, and gender and is prognostic parameter for local control: results of study CAO/ARO/AIO-94. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007; 67: 1008-19.
39. Smith NJ, Bees N, Barbachano Y, et al. Preoperative computed tomography staging of nonmetastatic colon cancer predicts outcome: implications for clinical trials. Br J Cancer 2007; 96: 1030-6.
40. Blomqvist L, Glimelius B. The 'good', the 'bad', and the 'ugly' rectal cancers. Acta Oncol 2008; 47: 5-8.
41. Radu C, Berglund Å, Påhlman L, Glimelius B. Short course preoperative radiotherapy with delayed surgery in rectal cancer - a retrospective study. Radiother Oncol 2008; 87: 343-9.
42. Courdi A. Fractionation sensitivity and equivalent doses. Acta Oncol 2007; 46: 395-6.
43. Suwinski R, Wzietek I, Tarnawski R, et al. Moderately low alpha/ beta ratio for rectal cancer may best explain the outcome of three fractionation schedules of preoperative radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007; 69: 793-9.
44. Moertel CG, Childs DS Jr, Reitemeier RJ, Colby MY Jr, Holbrook MA. Combined 5-fluorouracil and supervoltage radiation therapy of locally unresectable gastrointestinal cancer. Lancet 1969; 2: 865-7.
45. Rominger CJ, Gelber RD, Gunderson LL, Conner N. Radiation therapy alone or in combination with chemotherapy in the treatment of residual or inoperable carcinoma of the rectum and rectosigmoid or pelvic recurrence following colorectal surgery. Radiation Therapy Oncology Group study (76-16). Am J Clin Oncol 1985; 8: 118-27.
46. Overgaard M, Bertelsen K, Dalmark M, et al. A randomized feasibility study evaluating the effect of radiotherapy alone or combined with 5-fluorouracil in the treatment of locally recurrent or inoperable colorectal carcinoma. Acta Oncol 1993; 32: 547-53.
47. Jansson-Frykholm G, Påhlman L, Glimelius B. Combined chemo-and radiotherapy vs radiotherapy alone in the treatment of primary, nonresectable adenocarcinoma of the rectum. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2001; 50: 427-34.