The biological activity and chemistry of the southern African Combretaceae

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Volumn 119, Issue 3, 2008, Pages 686-699

  Eloff, J N ^a   Katerere, D R ^a   McGaw, L J ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PRETORIA   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Antibacterial; Antifungal; Combretaceae; Combretum; South Africa; Terminalia

Indexed keywords

ARJUNOLIC ACID; ASIATIC ACID; BIBENZYL DERIVATIVE; COMBRETACEAE EXTRACT; FLAVONOID; PLANT EXTRACT; TANNIN; TERMINALIA SERICEA EXTRACT; TERPENOID; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY; ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY; ARTICLE; COMBRETACEAE; COMBRETUM; COMBRETUM ALBOPUNCTACTUM; COMBRETUM IMBERBE; COMBRETUM NELSONII; COMBRETUM WOODII; CRYPTOCOCCUS NEOFORMANS; CYTOTOXICITY; DRUG ISOLATION; MICROSPORUM CANIS; MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; NONHUMAN; PHYTOCHEMISTRY; RURAL AREA; SOUTH AFRICA; SPECIES COMPOSITION; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; SPOROTHRIX SCHENCKII; TERMINALIA; TERMINALIA SERICEA; TRADITIONAL MEDICINE;

COMBRETACEAE; COMBRETUM; TERMINALIA;

EID: 53449101330     PISSN: 03788741     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2008.07.051     Document Type: Article

References (107)

1. Angeh, J.E., 2005. Isolation and characterization of antibacterial compounds present in members of Combretum section Hypocrateropsis. PhD Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.
2. Angeh, I.E., 2006. Potentising and application of an extract of Melianthus comosus against plant fungal pathogens. MSc Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.
3. Angeh J.E., Huang X., Sattler I., Swan G.E., Dahse H., Härtl A., and Eloff J.N. Anti-microbial and anti-inflammatory triterpenoids from Combretum imberbe (Combretaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 110 (2007) 56-60
4. Angeh J.E., Huang X., Swan G.E., Möllman U., Sattler I., and Eloff J.N. Novel antibacterial triterpenoid from Combretum padoides (Combretaceae). Arkivoc (ix) (2007) 113-120
5. Banskota A.H., Tezuka Y., Kim Q.T., Tanaka K., Saiki I., and Kadota S. Thirteen novel cycloartane-type triterpenes from Combretum quadrangulare. Journal of Natural Products 63 (2000) 57-64
6. Begue W.J., and Kline R.M. The use of tetrazolium salts in bioautographic procedures. Journal of Chromatography 64 (1972) 182-184
7. Beukes, S., 2004. In vitro antimicrobial activity of phytomedicine against acidogenic oral bacteria. MSc Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.
8. Bruggisser R., Von Daeniken K., Jundt G., Schaffner W., and Tullberg-Reinert H. Interference of plant extracts, phytoestrogens and antioxidants with the MTT tetrazolium assay. Planta Medica 68 (2002) 445-448
9. Burkhill H.M. The Useful Plants of West Tropical Africa. 2nd ed. (1985), Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, Great Britain
10. Carr J.D. Combretaceae in Southern Africa (1988), The Tree Society of Southern Africa, Johannesburg
11. Carr J.D., and Rogers C.B. Chemosystematic studies of the genus Combretum (Combretaceae) I. A convenient method of identifying species of this genus by a comparison of the polar constituents extracted from leaf material. South African Journal of Botany 53 (1987) 173-176
12. Carroll, M.W., Nash, R., 2005. A Sweeter Future for Imino Sugars. http://www.scripmag.com.
13. Castaldo S., and Capasso F. Propolis, an old remedy used in modern medicine. Fitoterapia 73 (2002) S1, S1-S6
14. Chaabi M., Benayache S., Benayache F., N'Gom S., Koné M., Anton R., Weniger B., and Lobstein A. Triterpenes and polyphenols from Anogeissus leiocarpus (Combretaceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 36 (2008) 59-62
15. Crombie L., and Crombie W.M.L. Cannabinoid formation in Cannabis sativa grafted inter-racially, and with two Hunulus species. Phytochemistry 14 (1975) 409-412
16. Cunningham A.B. People and medicines: the exploitation and conservation of traditional Zulu medicinal plants. Mitteilungen aus dem Institut für Allgemeine Botanik Hamburg 23b (1990) 979-990
17. Doig A.J., Williams D.H., Oelrichs P.B., and Baczynskyj L. Isolation and structure elucidation of punicalagin, a toxic hydrolysable tannin, from Terminalia oblongata. Journal Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1 (1990) 2317-2321
18. Durantel D., Alotte C., and Zoulim F. Glucosidase inhibitors as antiviral agents for hepatitis B and C. Current Opinion in Investigational Drugs 8 (2007) 125-129
19. Eldeen I.M.S., Elgorashi E.E., Mulholland D.A., and Van Staden J. Anolignan B: a bioactive compound from the roots of Terminalia sericea. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 103 (2006) 135-138
20. Eloff J.N. A sensitive and quick microplate method to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration of plant extracts for bacteria. Planta Medica 64 (1998) 711-713
21. Eloff J.N. Which extractant should be used for the screening and isolation of antimicrobial components from plants?. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 60 (1998) 1-8
22. Eloff, J.N., 1998c. Conservation of medicinal plants: selecting medicinal plants for research and gene banking. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 71, 209-222 [In: Adams, R.P., Adams, J.E. (Eds.), Conservation of Plant Genes III: Conservation and Utilization of African Plants. Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA].
23. Eloff J.N. It is possible to use herbarium specimens to screen for antibacterial components in some plants. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 67 (1999) 355-360
24. Eloff J.N. The antibacterial activity of 27 southern African members of the Combretaceae. South African Journal of Science 95 (1999) 148-152
25. Eloff J.N. On expressing the antibacterial activity of plant extracts-a small first step in applying scientific knowledge to rural primary heath care in South Africa. South African Journal of Science 96 (2000) 116-118
26. Eloff J.N. The container and stopper used may have important implications for the storage of plant extracts?. South African Journal of Botany 69 (2003) 603-604
27. Eloff J.N. Quantifying the bioactivity of plant extracts during screening and bioassay-guided fractionation. Phytomedicine 11 (2004) 370-371
28. Eloff J.N., Jäger A.K., and Van Staden J. The stability and relationship between anti-inflammatory activity and antibacterial properties of southern African Combretum species. South African Journal of Science 97 (2001) 291-293
29. Eloff J.N., Famakin J.O., and Katerere D.R. Combretum woodii (Combretaceae) leaf extracts have high activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. African Journal of Biotechnology 4 (2005) 1161-1166
30. Eloff J.N., Famakin J.O., and Katerere D.R. Isolation of an antibacterial stilbene from Combretum woodii (Combretaceae) leaves. African Journal of Biotechnology 4 (2005) 1166-1171
31. Eloff J.N., Angeh I., and McGaw L.J. A plant antifungal product from Melianthus comosus (Melianthaceae) leaf extracts GA Conference Helsinki September 2006. Planta Medica 72 (2006) 982
32. Eloff J.N., Picard J., and Masoko P. Resistance of animal fungal pathogens to solvents used in bioassays. South African Journal of Botany 73 (2007) 667-669
33. Facundo V.A., Andrade C.H.S., Silveira E.R., Braz-Filho R., and Hufford C.D. Triterpenes and flavonoids from Combretum leprosum. Phytochemistry 32 (1993) 411-415
34. Famakin, J.O., 2002. Isolation of antimicrobial compounds present in Combretum woodii. MSc Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.
35. Fiot J., Sanon S., Azas N., Mahiou V., Jansen O., Angenot L., Balnsard G., and Ollivier E. Phytochemical and pharmacological study of roots and leaves of Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel (Combretaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 106 (2006) 173-178
36. Fyhrquist, P., 2007. Traditional medicinal uses and biological activities of some plant extract of African Combretum Loefl., Terminalia L. and Pteleopsis ENGL. Species (Combretaceae). PhD Thesis. University of Helsinki, Finland.
37. Fyhrquist P., Mwasumbi L., Haeggstrom C.-A., Vuorela H., Hiltunen R., and Vuorela P. Ethnobotanical and antimicrobial investigation on some species of Terminalia and Combretum (Combretaceae) growing in Tanzania. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 79 (2002) 169-177
38. Garcez F.R., Garcez W.S., Martins M., and Lopes F.A. Triterpenoids, lignan and flavans from Terminalia argentea (Combretaceae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 31 (2003) 229-232
39. Hart J.H. Role of phytostilbenes in decay and disease resistance. Annual Review of Phytopathology 19 (1981) 1138-1143
40. Hutchings A., Scott A.H., Lewis G., and Cunningham A.B. Zulu Medicinal Plants: An Inventory (1996), University of Natal Press, Pietermaritzburg
41. Iwu M.M. Handbook of African Medicinal Plants (1993), CRC Press, Florida
42. Juneja R.K., Sharma S.C., and Tandon J.S. Two substituted bibenzyls and a dihydrophenanthrene from Cymbidium aloifolium. Phytochemistry 26 (1987) 1123-1125
43. Katerere, D.R.P., 2001. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies of African Combretaceae. PhD Thesis. University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
44. Katerere D.R., Gray A.I., Nash R.J., and Waigh R.D. Antimicrobial activity of pentacyclic triterpenes isolated from African Combretaceae. Phytochemistry 63 (2003) 81-88
45. Katerere D.R., Gray A.I., Kennedy A.R., Nash R.J., and Waigh R.D. Cyclobutanes from Combretum albopunctatum. Phytochemistry 65 (2004) 433-438
46. Kgatle, D.T., 2007. Isolation and characterization of antioxidant compounds from Combretum apiculatum (Sond.) subsp apiculatum leaf extracts. MSc Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.
47. Klopper, R.R., Chatelain, C., Bänninger, V., Steyn, H.M., De Wet, B.C, Arnold, T.H., Gautier, L., Smith, G.F., Spichiger, R., 2006. Checklist of the flowering plants of Sub-Saharan Africa. An index of accepted names and synonyms. South African Biodiversity Network Report No. 42, SABONET, Pretoria.
48. Kolodziej H., and Kiderlen A.F. Antileishmanial activity and immune modulatory effects of tannins and related compounds on Leishmania parasitised RAW 264, 7 cells. Phytochemistry 66 (2005) 2056-2071
49. Komape, P., 2005. Biological activity of leaf extracts of Combretum vendae and isolation of an antibacterial compound. MSc Thesis. Medunsa, South Africa.
50. Kotze M., and Eloff J.N. Extraction of antibacterial compounds from Combretum microphyllum (Combretaceae). South African Journal of Botany 68 (2002) 62-67
51. Kovács A., Vasas A., and Hohmann J. Natural phenanthrenes and their biological activity. Phytochemistry 69 (2008) 1084-1110
52. Kruger, J.P., 2004. Isolation, characterization and clinical application of an antibacterial compound from Terminalia sericea. PhD Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.
53. Kumar D.S., and Prabhakar Y.S. On the ethnomedical significance of the arjun tree, Terminalia arjuna (ROXB) Wight & Arnot. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 20 (1987) 173-190
54. Letcher R.M., and Nhamo L.R.M. Chemical constituents of the Combretaceae. Part I. Substituted phenanthrenes and 9,10-dihydrophenanthrenes from the heartwood of Combretum apiculatum. Journal of the Chemical Society (C) (1971) 3070-3078
55. Letcher R.M., and Nhamo L.R.M. Chemical constituents of the Combretaceae. Part III. Substituted phenanthrenes 9, 10-dihydrophenanthrenes, and bibenzyls from the heartwood of Combretum psidioides. Journal of the Chemical Society Perkin Transactions I (1972) 2941-2947
56. Letcher R.M., and Nhamo L.R.M. Chemical constituents of the Combretaceae. Part IV. Phenanthrene derivatives from the heartwood of Combretum hereroense. Journal of the Chemical Society Perkin Transactions I (1973) 1179-1181
57. Letcher R.M., Nhamo L.R.M., and Gumiro I.T. Chemical constituents of the Combretaceae. Part II. Substituted phenanthrenes 9, 10-dihydrophenanthrenes and a substituted bibenzyl from the heartwood of Combretum molle. Journal of the Chemical Society Perkin Transactions I (1972) 206-210
58. Liu T.Y., Ho L.K., Tsai Y.C., Chiang S.H., Chao T.W., Li J.H., and Chi C.W. Modification of mitomycin C-induced clastogenicity by Terminalia catappa L. in vitro and in vivo. Cancer Letters 105 (1996) 113-118
59. Majumder P.L., Guha S., and Sen S. Bibenzyl derivatives from the orchid Dendrobium amoenum. Phytochemistry 52 (1999) 1365-1369
60. Malan E., and Swinny E. Substituted bibenzyls, phenathrenes and 9, 10-dihydrophenathrenes from the heartwood of Combretum apiculatum. Phytochemistry 34 (1993) 1139-1142
61. Martini, N.D., 2002. The isolation and characterisation of antibacterial compounds isolated from Combretum erythrophyllum [Burch.] Sond. PhD Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.
62. Martini N.D., and Eloff J.N. The preliminary isolation of several antibacterial compounds from Combretum erythrophyllum (Combretaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 62 (1998) 255-263
63. Martini N.D., Katerere D.R.P., and Eloff J.N. Biological activity of five antibacterial flavonoids from Combretum erythrophyllum (Combretaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 93 (2004) 207-212
64. Masoko, P., 2006. Characterisation of antifungal compounds isolated from Terminalia and Combretum species (Combretaceae). PhD Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.
65. Masoko P., and Eloff J.N. The diversity of antifungal compounds of six South African Terminalia species (Combretaceae) determined by bioautography. African Journal of Biotechnology 4 (2005) 1425-1431
66. Masoko P., and Eloff J.N. Bioautography indicates the multiplicity of antifungal compounds from twenty-four southern African Combretum species (Combretaceae). African Journal of Biotechnology 5 (2006) 1625-1647
67. Masoko P., and Eloff J.N. Screening of twenty-four South African Combretum and six Terminalia species (Combretaceae) for antioxidant activities. African Journal of Traditional Complementary and Alternative Medicines 4 (2007) 231-239
68. Masoko P., Picard J., and Eloff J.N. Antifungal activities of six South African Terminalia species (Combretaceae). Journal of Ethnopharmacology 99 (2005) 301-308
69. Masoko P., Picard J., and Eloff J.N. The antifungal activity of twenty-four southern African Combretum species (Combretaceae). South African Journal of Botany 73 (2007) 173-183
70. McGaw L.J., Rabe T., Sparg S.G., Jäger A.K., Eloff J.N., and Van Staden J. An investigation on the biological activity of Combretum species. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 75 (2001) 45-50
71. Miyase T., and Ueno A. Ionone and bibenzyl glycoside from Epidium grandiflrium var. thunbergianum. Phytochemistry 30 (1991) 1727-1728
72. Montaudo G., Cacamese S., and Librando V. Photodimers of cinnamic acid and related compounds. A stereochemical study by NMR. Organic Magnetic Resonance 6 (1974) 534-536
73. Mosmann T. Rapid colorimetric assay for cellular growth and survival: application to proliferation and cytotoxicity assays. Journal of Immunological Methods 65 (1983) 55-63
74. Muetzel S., and Becker K. Extractability and biological activity of tannins from various tree leaves determined by chemical and biological assays as affected by drying procedure. Animal Feed Science and Technology 125 (2006) 139-149
75. Naidoo V., McGaw L.J., Bisschop S.P.R., Duncan N., and Eloff J.N. The value of plant extracts with antioxidant activity in attenuating coccidiosis in broiler chickens. Veterinary Parasitology 153 (2008) 215-219
76. Nakagawa K., Kubota H., Kimura T., Yamashita S., Tsuzuki T., Oikawa A., and Miyazawa T. Occurrence of orally administered mulberry 1-deoxynojirimycin in rat plasma. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 55 (2007) 8928-8933
77. NCCLS, 1990. Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Disc Susceptibility Tests, 4th ed. Approved Standard. NCCLS Document M2-A4. The National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards, Villanova, PA.
78. Neuwinger H.D. African Ethnobotany (Chemistry, Pharmacology, Toxicology) (1996), Chapman and Hall, Germany
79. Ogan A.U. The alkaloids in the leaves of Combretum micranthum. Studies on West African medicinal plants. VII. Planta Medica 21 (1972) 210
80. Okuda T., Yoshida T., and Hatano T. Ellagitannins as active constituents of medicinal plants. Planta Medica 55 (1989) 117-122
81. Oliver-Bever B. Medicinal Plants in Tropical West Africa (1986), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
82. Panzini I., Pelizzoni F., Verotta L., and Rogers C.B. Constituents of the fruit of South African Combretum species. South African Journal of Science 89 (1993) 324-327
83. Pettit G.R., Cragg G.M., Herald D.L., Schimdt J.M., and Lohavanijaya P. Isolation and structure of combretastatin. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 60 (1982) 1374-1376
84. Pettit G.R., Smith C.R., and Singh S.B. Recent advances in the chemistry of plant antineoplastic constituents. In: Hostettmann K., and Lea P.J. (Eds). Biologically Active Natural Products. Proceedings of the Phytochemical Society of Europe-27 (1987), Oxford Science Publications
85. Pettit G.R., Singh S.B., and Schmidt J.M. Isolation, structure, synthesis, and antimitotic properties of combretastatins B-3 and B-4 from Combretum caffrum. Journal of Natural Products 51 (1988) 517-527
86. Pettit G.R., Singh S.B., Niven M.L., and Schimdt J.M. Cell growth inhibitory dihydrophenanthrene and phenanthrene constituents of the African tree Combretum caffrum. Canadian Journal of Chemistry 66 (1988) 406-413
87. Rabie, A., 2005. Bioactivity of extracts and components of Pteleopsis myrtifolia. PhD Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.
88. Re R., Pellegrini N., Proteggente A., Pannala A., Yang M., and Rice-Evans C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine 26 (1999) 1231-1237
89. Rogers C.B. Pentacyclic triterpenoid rhamnosides from Combretum imberbe leaves. Phytochemistry 27 (1988) 3217-3220
90. Rogers C.B. New mono- and bi-desmosidic trieterpenoids isolated from Combretum padoides leaves. Journal of Natural Products 52 (1989) 528-533
91. Rogers C.B. Acidic dammarane arabinofuranosides from Combretum rotundifolium. Phytochemistry 40 (1995) 833-836
92. Rogers C.B., and Coombes P.H. Acidic triterpene glycosides in trichome secretions differentiate subspecies of Combretum collinum in South Africa. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 27 (1999) 321-323
93. Rogers C.B., and Subramony G. The structure of imberbic acid, a 1α-hydroxy pentacyclic triterpenoid from Combretum imberbe. Phytochemistry 27 (1988) 531-533
94. Rogers C.B., and Verotta L. Chemistry and biological properties of the African Combretaceae. In: Hostettman K., Chinyanganga F., Maillard M., and Wolfender J.-L. (Eds). Chemistry, Biological and Pharmacological Properties of African Medicinal Plants (1996), University of Zimbabwe Publications, Harare, Zimbabwe
95. Sacho H., and Schoub D.B. Current Perspectives on Nosocomial Infections (1993), Natal Witness Printing and Publishing, Pietermaritzburg
96. Samdumu, F.B., 2007. Characterization of antimicrobial compounds from Combretum paniculatum, a plant with proven anti-HIV replication activity. PhD Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.
97. Schwikkard S., Zhou B.-N., Glass T.E., Sharp J.L., Mattern M.R., Johnson R.K., and Kingston D.G.I. Bioactive compounds from Combretum erythrophyllum. Journal of Natural Products 63 (2000) 457-460
98. Seidel, V.P.M., 1999. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies on some species of Annonaceae. PhD Thesis. University of Strathclyde, UK.
99. Serage, A., 2004. Isolation and characterization of antibacterial compounds in Combretum apiculatum Sond subsp. apiculatum Excell. MSc Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.
100. Shoemaker M., Cohen I., and Campbell M. Reduction of MTT by aqueous herbal extracts in the absence of cells. Journal of Ethnopharmacology 93 (2004) 381-384
101. Solís P.N., Wright C.W., Anderson M.M., Gupta M.P., and Phillipson J.D. A microwell cytotoxicity assay using Artemia salina (brine shrimp). Planta Medica 59 (1993) 250-252
102. Stace C.A. The significance of the leaf epidermis in the taxonomy of the Combretaceae II. The genus Combretum subgenus Combretum in Africa. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 62 (1969) 131-168
103. Tan F., Shi S., Zhong Y., Gong X., and Wang Y. Phylogenetic relationships of Combretoideae (Combretaceae) inferred from plastid, nuclear gene and spacer sequences. Journal of Plant Research 115 (2002) 475-481
104. Tanaka T., Nonaka G.I., and Nishioka I. Tannins and related compounds. XLII. Isolation and characterization of four new hydrolysable tannins, terflavins A and B, tergallagin and tercatain from the leaves of Terminalia catappa L. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 34 (1986) 1039-1049
105. Tanaka T., Morita A., Nonaka G., Lin T.C., Nishioka I., and Ho F.C. Tannins and related-compounds. 103. Isolation and characterization of new monomeric, dimeric and trimeric ellagitannins, calamansanin and calamanin-a, calamanin-b and calamanin-c, from Terminalia calamansanai (Blanco) Rolfe. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 39 (1991) 60-63
106. Toda F., Tanal K., and Kato M. Stereoselective photodimerisation of chalcones in the molten state. Journal of the Chemical Society Perkin Transactions I (1998) 1315-1319
107. Zishiri, V.K., 2005. Potentising and application of a Combretum woodii leaf extract with high antibacterial and antioxidant activity. MSc Thesis. University of Pretoria, South Africa.