The role of immunocompetent cell renal infiltration in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension;El papel de la infiltración renal de células inmunocompetentes en la patogenia de la hipertensión arterial

Nefrologia

Volumn 28, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 483-492

  Rodríguez Iturbe, Bernardo ^a  

^a HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DE MARACAIBO   (Venezuela)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

SODIUM;

ANIMAL; CYTOLOGY; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; IMMUNOLOGY; INFLAMMATION; KIDNEY; METABOLISM; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RENIN ANGIOTENSIN ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; HUMANS; HYPERTENSION; INFLAMMATION; KIDNEY; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN SYSTEM; SODIUM;

EID: 53049103269     PISSN: 02116995     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (92)

1. Leonard WR. Food for thought: Dietary change was a driving force in human evolution. Sci Am 2002; 287: 106-115.
2. Eaton SB, Konnerin M. Paleolithic nutrition. A consideration of its nature and current implications. N Engl J Med 1985; 312: 283-289.
3. Eaton SB, Eaton SB III. Paleolithic vs modern diets: selected pathophysiologic implications. Eur J Nutr 2000; 39: 67-70.
4. MacFarlane WV. Aboriginal desert hunter/gatherer in transition. En: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization. The nutrition of Aborigines in relation to the ecosystem in central Australia. Melbourne, Australia: Commonwealth Sci Publications 1978, pp. 49-62.
5. Chagnon NA. Citado por Oliver WJ en Primitive people without salt: A perspective from industrialized societies. Ann Arbor MI, Quality Books Inc. 1925, pp. 226-227.
6. Meneton P, Jeunemaitre X, DeWardener HE, MacGregor GA. Links between dietary salt intake, renal handling, blood pressure and cardiovascular diseases. Physiol Rev 2005; 85: 679-715.
7. Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Romero F, Johnson RJ. Pathophysiologic mechanisms of salt-dependent hypertension. Am J Kidney Dis 2007; 50: 655-672.
8. Oliver WJ. Primitive people without salt: A perspective from industrialized societies. Ann Arbor MI, Quality Books Inc. 1925.
9. Alderman MH. Dietary sodium and cardiovascular health in hypertensive patients - The case against universal sodium restriction. J Am Soc Nephrol 2004; 15: S47-S50.
10. He FJ, MacGregor GA. Effect of longer-term salt modest salt reduction on blood pressure. Cochrane Database of Systematic reviews, Issue 1 2004. Article No: CD004937, 2004.
11. Kawasaki T, Delea CS, Bartter FC, Smith H. The effect of high-sodium and low-sodium intakes on blood pressure and other related variables in human subjects with idiopathic hypertension. Am J Med 1978; 64: 193-198.
12. Luft FC, Rankin LI, Bloch R, Weyman AE, Willis LR, Murray RH y cols. Cardiovascular and humoral responses to extremes of sodium intake in normal black and white men. Circulation 1979; 60: 697-706.
13. Weinberger MH, Millar JZ, Luft FC, Grim CE, Fineberg NS. Definitions and characteristics of sodium sensitivity and blood pressure resistance. Hypertension 1986; 8: II 127-II 134.
14. Sullivan JM. Salt sensitivity: Definition, conception, methodology and long-term issues. Hypertension 1991; 17 (Supl. 1): S161-S168.
15. Kimura G, Brenner BM. Implications of the linear pressure-natriuresis relationship and the importance of sodium sensitivity in hypertension. J Hypertens 1997; 15: 1055-1061.
16. Flack JM, Grimm RH Jr, Staffileno BA, Elmer P, Yunis C, Hedquist L y cols. New salt-sensitivity metrics: Variability-adjusted blood pressure change and urinary sodium-to-creatinine ratio. Ethn Dis 2002; 12: 10-19.
17. Guyton AC, Coleman TG, Wilcox CS. Quantitative analysis of the pathophysiology of hypertension. J Am Soc Nephrol 1969; 10: 2248-2258.
18. Guyton AC. Blood pressure control: Special role of the kidney and body fluids. Science 1991; 252: 1813-1816.
19. Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Pons H, Quiroz Y, Gordon K, Rincón J, Chávez M y cols. Mycophenolate mofetil prevents salt-sensitive hypertension resulting from angiotensin II exposure. Kidney Int 2001; 59: 2222-2232.
20. Quiroz Y, Pons H, Gordon Kl, Rincón J, Chávez M, Parra G y cols. Mycophenolate mofetil prevents the salt-sensitive hypertension resulting from short-term nitric oxide síntesis inhibition. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2002; 281: F38-F47.
21. Álvarez V, Quiroz Y, Nava M, Pons H, Rodríguez-Iturbe B. Overload proteinuria is followed by salt-sensitive hypertension caused by renal infiltration of immune cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2002; 283: F1132-F1141.
22. Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Quiroz Y, Nava M, Bonet L, Chávez M, Herrera-Acosta J y cols. Reduction of renal immune cell infiltration results in blood pressure control in genetically hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2002; 282: F191-F201.
23. Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Ferrebuz A, Vanegas V, Quiroz Y, Mezzano S, Vaziri ND. Early and sustained inhibition of Nuclear Factor kappa B prevents hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2005; 315; 51-57.
24. Bravo Y, Quiroz Y, Ferrebuz A, Vaziri ND, Rodríguez-Iturbe B. Mycophenolate mofetil administration reduces renal inflammation, oxidative stress and arterial pressure in rats with lead-induced hypertension. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2007; 297: F616-F623.
25. Vanegas V, Ferrebuz A, Quiroz Y, Rodríguez-Iturbe B. Hypertension in Page (cellophane wrapped) kidney is due to interstitial nephritis. Kidney Int 2005; 68: 1161-1170.
26. Johnson RJ, Schreiner GF. Hypothesis: the role of acquired tubulointerstitial disease in the pathogenesis of salt-dependent hypertension. Kidney Int 1997; 52: 1169-1179.
27. Johnson RJ, Herrera-Acosta J, Schreiner GF, Rodríguez-Iturbe B. Subtle acquired renal injury as a mechanism of salt-sensitive hypertension. New Engl J Med 2002; 346: 913-923.
28. Nakagawa T, Kang D-H, Ohashi R, Suga S, Herrera-Acosta J, Rodríguez-Iturbe B y cols. Tubulointerstitial disease: role of ischemia and microvascular disease. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2003; 12: 233-241.
29. Johnson RJ, Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Nakagawa T, Kang D-H, Feig DI, Herrera-Acosta J. Subtle renal injury is likely a common mechanism for salt-sensitive hypertension. Hypertension 2005; 45: 326-330.
30. Navar LG. The role of the kidneys in hypertension. J Clin Hypertens 2005; 7: 542-549.
31. Navar LG, Harrison-Bernard LM, Nishiyama A, Kobori H. Regulation of intrarenal angiotensin II in hypertension. Hypertension 2002; 39: 316-322.
32. Nishiyama A, Seth DM, Navar LG. Renal interstitial fluid concentrations of angiotensins I and II in anesthetized rats. Hypertension 2002; 39: 129-134.
33. Kobori H, Ozawa Y, Suzaki Y, Prieto-Carrasquero MC, Nishiyama A, Shoji T y cols. Young Scholars Award Lecture: intratubular angiotensinogen in hypertension and kidney diseases. Am J Hypertens 2006; 19: 541-550.
34. Franco M, Martínez F, Quiroz Y, Galicia O, Bautista R, Johnson RJ y cols. Renal angiotensin II concentration and interstitial infiltration of immune cells are correlated with blood pressure levels in salt-sensitive hypertension. Am J Physiol Reg Integr Comp Physiol 293: R251-R256.
35. Touyz RM. Reactive oxygen species, vascular oxidative stress and redox signaling in hypertension. What is the clinical significance? Hypertension 2004; 44: 348-252.
36. Wilcox CS. Oxidative stress and nitric oxide deficiency in the kidney: A critical link to hypertension? Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2005; 289: R913-R935.
37. Welch WJ. Intrarenal oxygen and hypertension. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2006; 33: 1002-1005.
38. Vaziri ND, Rodríguez-Iturbe B. Oxidative stress and inflammation in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Nat Clin Prac Nephrol 2006; 2: 582-593.
39. Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Zhan Chang-DE, Quiroz Y, Sindhu RK, Vaziri ND. Antioxidant-rich diet improves hypertension and reduces renal immune infiltration in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hypertension 2003; 41: 341-346.
40. Nava M, Quiroz Y, Vaziri ND, Rodríguez-Iturbe B. Melatonin reduces renal interstitial inflammation and improves hypertension in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2003; 284: F447-F454.
41. Stephens NG, Parsons A, Schofield PM, Kelly F, Cheeseman K, Mitchinson MJ. Randomized controlled trial of vitamin E in patients with coronary disease: Cambridge Heart Antioxidant Study (CHAOS). Lancet 1996; 347: 781-786.
42. Gruppo Italiano Per Lo Studio Della Sopravivenza Nell'infarto Miocardico (GISSI). Dietary supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and vitamin E alter myocardial infarction: results of the GISSI prevention trial. Lancet 1999; 354: 447-455.
43. Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation (Hope) Investigators. Vitamin E supplementation and cardiovascular events in high risk patients. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 154-160.
44. Heart Protection Study Collaborative Groups. MRC/BHF heart protection study of antioxidant vitamin supplementation in 20,536 high-risk individuals: a randomized placebo-controlled trial. Lancet 2002; 360: 23-33.
45. Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Sepassi L, Quiroz Y, Ni Z, Wallace Dc, Vaziri ND. Association of mitochondrial SOD deficiency with salt-sensitive hypertension and accelerated renal senescence. J Appl Physiol 2007; 102: 255-260.
46. Bravo Y, Quiroz Y, Ferrebuz A, Vaziri ND, Rodríguez-Iturbe B. Mycophenolate mofetil administration reduces renal inflammation, oxidative stress and arterial pressure in rats with lead-induced hypertension. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2007; 297: F616-F623.
47. Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Quiroz Y, Ferrebuz A, Parra G, Vaziri ND. Evolution of renal interstitial inflammation and NF-kB activation in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am J Nephrol 2004; 24: 587-594.
48. Franco F, Martínez F, Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Johnson Rj, Santamaría J, Montoya A y cols. Angiotensin II, Interstitial Inflammation, and the Pathogenesis of Salt-sensitive Hypertension. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2006; 291: F1281-F1287.
49. Ruiz-Ortega M, Esteban V, Rupérez M, Sánchez-López E, Rodríguez-Vita J, Carvajal G, Egido J. Renal and vascular hipertensión-induced inflammation: role of angiotensin II. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2006; 15: 159-166.
50. Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Johnson RJ, Herrera-Acosta J. Tubulointerstitial damage and progression of renal failure. Kidney Int 2005; 68 (Supl. 99); S82-S86.
51. Khraibi AA. Renal interstitial hydrostatic pressure and sodium excretion in hypertension and pregnancy. J Hypertens 2002; 20 (Supl. 3): S21-S27.
52. Guzik TJ, Hoch NE, Brown KA, McCann LA, Rahman A, Dikalov S y cols. Role of the T cell in the genesis of angiotensin II induced hypertension and vascular dysfunction. J Exp Med 2007; 204: 2449-2460.
53. Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Quiroz Y, Kim CH, Vaziri ND. Hypertension induced by aortic coarctation above the renal arteries is associated with immune cell infiltration of the kidneys. Am J Hypertens 2005; 18: 1449-1456.
54. Sanders PW. Salt intake, endothelial cell signaling, and progression of kidney disease. Hypertension 2004; 43: 142-146.
55. Gu JW, Tian N, Shparago M, Tan W, Bailey AP, Manning RD Jr. Renal NF-kappaB activation and TNF-alpha upregulation correlate with salt-sensitive hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006; 291: R1817-1824.
56. Siegel AK, Kossmehl P, Planert M, Schulz A, Wehland M, Stoll M y cols. Genetic linkage of albuminuria and renal injury in Dahl salt-sensitive rats on a high-salt diet: comparison with spontaneously hypertensive rats. Physiol Genomics 2004; 18: 218-225.
57. Ruan X, Wagner C, Chatziantoniou C, Kurtz A, Arendshorst WJ. Regulation of angiotensin II receptor AT1 subtypes in renal afferent arterioles during chronic changes in sodium diet. J Clin Invest 1997; 99: 1072-1081.
58. Meng S, Cason GW, Gannon AW, Racusen LC, Manning RD Jr. Oxidative stress in Dahl salt-sensitive hypertension. Hypertension 2003; 41: 1346-1352.
59. Taylor NE, Glocka P, Liang M, Cowley AW Jr. NADPH oxidase in the renal medulla causes oxidative stress and contributes to salt-sensitive hypertension in Dahl S rats. Hypertension 2006; 47: 692-698.
60. Kitiyakara C, Chabrashvili T, Chen Y, Blau J, Karber A, Aslam S y cols. Salt intake, oxidative stress, and renal expression of NADPH oxidase and superoxide dismutase. J Am Soc Nephrol 2003; 14: 2775-2782.
61. Zewde T, Wu F, Mattson DL. Influence of dietary NaCl on L-arginine transport in the renal medulla. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2004; 286: R89-R93.
62. Ni Z, Vaziri ND. Effect of salt loading on nitric oxide synthase expression in normotensive rats. Am J Hypertens 2001; 14: 155-163.
63. Svendsen UG. Evidence for an initial, thymus independent and a chronic, thymus-dependent phase of DOCA and salt hypertension in mice. Acta Path Microbiol Scand 1976; 84: 523-528.
64. Tuttle RS, Boppana DP. Antihypertensive effect of interleukin-2. Hypertension 1990; 15: 89-94.
65. Takeichi N, Suzuki K, Kobayashi H. Immunologic depression in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Immunol 1980; 40: 120-126.
66. Bendich A, Belisle EH, Strausser HR. Immune system modulation and its effects on blood pressure of the spontaneously hypertensive male and female rat. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1981; 99: 600-607.
67. Khraibi AA, Norman RA Jr, Dzielak DJ. Chronic immunosuppression attenuates hypertension in Okamoto spontaneously hypertensive rats. Am J Physiol 1984; 247 (Heart Circ Physiol 16): H722-H726.
68. Khraibi AA. Associations between disturbances of the immune system and hypertension. Am J Hypertens 1991; 4: 635-641.
69. Svendsen JG. Spontaneous hypertension and hypetensive vascular disease in the NZB strain of mice. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand (A) 1977; 85 (3): 261-268.
70. Norman RA Jr, Galloway PG, Dzielak DJ, Huang M. Mechanisms of partial renal infarct hypertension. J Hypertens 1988; 6: 397-403.
71. Dzielak DJ. AIDS, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis-hypertension? Hypertension 1990; 15: 95-96.
72. Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Vaziri ND, Herrera-Acosta J, Johnson RJ. Oxidative stress, renal infiltration of immune cells and salt-sensitive hypertension: all for one and one for all. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2004; 286: F606-F616.
73. Rodríguez-Iturbe B, Vaziri ND. Salt sensitive hypertension: update on novel findings. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2007; 22: 992-995
74. Müller DN, Shagdarsuren E, Park JL, Dechend R, Mervaala E, Hampich F y cols. Immunosuppressive treatment protects against angiotensin-II induced renal damage. Am J Pathol 2002; 161: 1679-1693.
75. Mattson DL, James L, Berdan EA, Meister CJ. Immune suppression attenuates hypertension and renal disease in Dahl salt-hypertensive rats. Hypertension 2006; 48: 149-156.
76. Tian N, Gu JW, Braddy SJ, Rose RA, Hughson MD, Manning RD Jr. Immune suppression prevents renal damage and dysfunction and reduces arterial pressure in salt-sensitive hypertension. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2007; 292: H1018-H1025.
77. Bataillard P, Freiche J-C, Vincent M, Touraine J-L, Sassard JU. Effects of neonatal thymectomy on blood pressure and immunological characteristics of the genetically hypertensive rats of the Lyon strain. J Hypertens 1986; 4 (Supl. 3): 5455-5467.
78. Svendsen JG. Spontaneous hypertension and hypertensive vascular disease in the NZB strain of mice. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand (A) 1977; 85 (3): 261-268.
79. Stewart T, Jung FF, Manning J, Vehaskari VM. Kidney immune cell infiltration and oxidative stress contribute to prenatally programmed hypertension. Kidney Int 2005; 68: 2180-2188.
80. Norman RA Jr, Galloway PG, Dzielak DJ, Huang M. Mechanisms of partial renal infarct hypertension. J Hypertens 1988; 6: 397-403.
81. Beswick RA, Zhang H, Marable D, Catravas JD, Hill WD, Webb RC. Long-term antioxidant administration attenuates mineralocorticoid hypertension and renal inflammatory response. Hypertension 2001; 37: 781-786.
82. Lee DL, Sturgis LC, Labazi H, Osborne JB Jr, Fleming C, Pollock JS y cols. Angiotensin II hypertension in attenuated in interleukin-g knockout mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2006; 290: H935-H940.
83. Herrera J, Ferrebuz A, MacGregor EG, Rodríguez-Iturbe B. Mycophenolate mofetil treatment improves hypertension in patents with psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17 (Supl. 3): S218-S225.
84. Kaufmann SHE. Heat shock proteins and the immune response. Immunol Today 1990; 11: 129-136.
85. Young RA. Stress proteins and immunology. Annu Rev Immunol 1990; 8: 401-420.
86. Bravo J, Quiroz Y, Pons H, Parra G, Herrera-Acosta J, Johnson RJ y cols. Vimentin and heat shock protein expression are induced in the kidney by angiotensin and by nitric oxide inhibition. Kidney Int 2003; 64 (Supl. 86): S46-S51.
87. Ishizaka N, Aizawa T, Ohno M, Usui Si S, Mori I, Tang SS y cols. Regulation and localization of HSP70 and HSP25 in the kidney of rats undergoing long-term administration of angiotensin II. Hypertension 2002; 39: 122-128.
88. Romero F, Yaguas K, Quiroz Y, Johnson RJ, Rodríguez-Iturbe B. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) develop renal heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression and serum anti-HSP70 antibodies. World Congress of Nephrology. April 21-25, 2007. Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. (M-PO-0684). Proceedings of WCN 2007, p. 246
89. Chávez M, Romero F, Críani L, Barrios Y, Hidalgo-Useche P, Johnson RJ, Rodríguez-Iturbe B. Patients with essential hypertension have serum antibodies against the inducible Heat Shock Protein 70 (HSP 70). J Am Soc Nephrol 2006; 17: 34A.
90. Parra G, Vanegas V, Yaguas K, Herrera-Acosta J, Johnson RJ, Rodríguez-Iturbe B. Evidence for T cell reactivity to renal antigens in experimental hypertension: T cell proliferation to vimentin and HSP70. J Am Soc Nephrol 2005; 16: 171A.
91. C Jiménez Díaz, A del Cañizo. En: Manual de Medicina Interna. L. Hernando y G. Marañón, eds. Ruiz Hermanos Editores, Madrid 1934 (Cortesía del Dr. Víctor García Nieto).
92. WHO World Health Report 2002. http://www.who.int/whr/2002/en/whr02_ch4. Acceso: Junio 21, 2008.