Randomised controlled trial of vitamin E in patients with coronary disease: Cambridge Heart Antioxidant Study (CHAOS)

Lancet

Volumn 347, Issue 9004, 1996, Pages 781-786

  Stephens, Nigel G ^a,c,f   Parsons, Ann ^a,c   Schofield, Peter M ^c   Kelly, Frank ^d   Cheeseman, Kevin ^e   Mitchinson, Malcolm J ^b   Brown, Morris J ^a  

^a Clinical Pharmacology Unit   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^c PAPWORTH HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^d ST THOMAS HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

^e BRUNEL UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

^f NORTHWICK PARK HOSPITAL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; LOW DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN;

ADULT; AGED; ARTICLE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED CLINICAL TRIAL; CONTROLLED STUDY; CORONARY ARTERY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; DEATH; DIARRHEA; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; DYSPEPSIA; FEMALE; FOLLOW UP; HEART INFARCTION; HUMAN; ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE; LIPOPROTEIN METABOLISM; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; MORTALITY; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; RASH; RISK; VITAMIN BLOOD LEVEL;

EID: 0029925181     PISSN: 01406736     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)90866-1     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Steinberg D. Antioxidants in the prevention of human atherosclerosis: summary of the proceedings of a National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Workshop: Sept 5-6, 1991: Bethesda, Maryland. Circulation 1992; 85: 2337-44.
2. Salonen JT, Salonen R, Penttila I, et al. Serum fatty acids, apolipoproteins, selenium and vitamin antioxidants and the risk of death from coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol 1985; 56: 226-31.
3. Kok FJ, de Bruijn AM, Vermeeren R, et al. Serum selenium, vitamin antioxidants, and cardiovascular mortality: a 9-year follow-up study in the Netherlands. Am J Clin Nutr 1987; 45: 462-68.
4. Hense HW, Stender M, Bors W, Keil U. Lack of an association between serum vitamin E and myocardial infarction in a population with high vitamin E levels. Atherosclerosis 1993; 103: 21-28.
5. Rimm EB, Stampfer MJ, Ascherio A, Giovannucci E, Colditz GA, Willett WC. Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary heart disease in men. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1450-56.
6. Stampfer MJ, Hennekens CH, Manson JE, Colditz GA, Rosner B, Willett WC. Vitamin E consumption and the risk of coronary disease in women. N Engl J Med 1993; 328: 1444-49.
7. The alpha-tocopherol beta carotene cancer prevention group. The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers. N Engl J Med 1994; 330: 1029-35.
8. Carpenter KLH, Taylor SE, van der Veen C, Williamson BK, Ballantine JA, Mitchinson MJ. Lipids and oxidised lipids in human atherosclerotic lesions at different stages of development. Biochem Biophys Acta 1995; 1256: 141-50.
9. Steinberg D. Clinical trials of antioxidants in atherosclerosis: are we doing the right thing? Lancet 1995 346: 36-38.
10. Davies MJ, Thomas A. The pathological basis and microanatomy of occlusive thrombus formation in human coronary arteries. Br Heart J 1981; 50: 127-34.
11. Pocock SJ. Group sequential methods in the design and analysis of clinical trials. Biometrika 1977; 67: 191-97.
12. Palomaki P, Miettinen H, Mustaniemi H, et al. Diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction by MONICA and FINMONICA diagnostic criteria in comparison with hospital discharge diagnosis. J Clin Epidemiol 1994; 47: 659-66.
13. Kelly FJ, Rodgers W, Handel J, Smith S, Hall MA. Time course of vitamin E repletion in the premature infant. Br J Nutr 1990; 63: 631-38.
14. Riemersma RA, Wood DA, Macintyre CC, Elton RA, Gey KF, Oliver MF. Risk of angina pectoris and plasma concentrations of vitamin A, C, and E and carotene. Lancet 1991; 337: 1-5.
15. Horwitt MK, Harvey CC, Dahm CH Jr, Searcy MT. Relationship between tocopherol and serum lipid levels for determination of nutritional adequacy. Ann NY Acad Sci 1972; 203: 223-36.
16. Mitchinson MJ. Insoluble lipids in human atherosclerotic plaques. Atherosclerosis 1982; 45: 11-15.
17. Mitchinson MJ. Macrophages, oxidised lipids and atherosclerosis. Med Hypotheses 1983; 12: 171-78.
18. Steinbrecher UP, Parthasarathy S, Leake DS, Witztum JL, Steinberg D. Modification of low density lipoprotein by endothelial cells involves lipid peroxidation and degradation of low density lipoprotein phospholipids. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1984; 81: 3883-87.
19. Steinberg D, Parthasarathy S, Carew TE, Khoo JC, Witztum JL. Beyond cholesterol: modifications of low density lipoprotein that increase its atherogenicity. N Engl J Med 1989; 320: 915-23.
20. Ross R. The pathogenesis of atherosclerosis: a perspective for the 1990's. Nature 1993; 362: 801-09.
21. Carpenter KLH, Wilkins GM, Fussell B, et al. Production of oxidised lipids during modification of low-density lipoprotein by macrophages or copper. Biochem J 1994; 304: 625-33.
22. MRC Working Party on Mild to Moderate Hypertension. MRC trial of therapy of mild hypertension: principal results. BMJ 1985; 291: 97-104.
23. Wu HP, Tai TY, Chuang LM, Lin BJ, Wang JD, Teng CM. Effect of tocopherol platelet aggregation in non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus: ex vivo and in vitro studies. J Formosan Med Assoc 1992; 91: 270-75.
24. Steiner M. Influence of vitamin E on platelet function in humans. J Am Coll Nutr 1991; 10: 466-73.
25. Dowd P, Zheng ZB. On the mechanism of the anticlotting action of vitamin E quinone. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92: 8171-75.
26. Boulanger CM, Tanner FC, Bea ML, Hahn AW, Werner A, Luscher TF. Oxidized low density lipoproteins induce mRNA expression and release of endothelin from human and porcine endothelium. Circ Res 1992; 70: 1191-97.
27. Ball RY, Stowers EC, Burton JH, Cary RNB, Skeeper JN, Mitchinson MJ. Evidence that the death of macrophage foam cells contributes to the lipid core of atheroma. Atherosclerosis 1995; 114: 45-54.
28. Mitchinson MJ. The new face of atherosclerosis. Br J Clin Pract 1994; 48: 149-51.
29. Felton CV, Crook D, Davies MJ, Oliver MF. Lipid and fatty acid distribution in nonulcerated and ulcerated human aortic plaques. J Vasc Med Biol 1993; 4: 228-34.
30. Kritchevsky SB, Shimakawa T, Tell GS, et al. Dietary antioxidants and carotid artery wall thickness: the ARIC study. Circulation 1995; 92: 2142-50.
31. Hodis HN, Mack WJ, LaBree L, et al. Serial coronary angiographic evidence that antioxidant vitamin intake reduces progression of coronary artery atherosclerosis. JAMA 1995; 273: 1849-54.