메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 37, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 1130-1146

Individual threat, group threat, and racial policy: Exploring the relationship between threat and racial attitudes

Author keywords

Prejudice; Racial attitudes; Racial threat

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; HISTORY; HUMAN; HUMAN RELATION; RACE; SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY;

EID: 51349138674     PISSN: 0049089X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2008.04.001     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (38)

References (68)
  • 3
    • 0025691744 scopus 로고
    • The killing fields of the Deep South: the market for cotton and the lynching of blacks, 1882-1930
    • Beck E.M., and Tolnay S.E. The killing fields of the Deep South: the market for cotton and the lynching of blacks, 1882-1930. American Sociological Review 55 (1990) 526-539
    • (1990) American Sociological Review , vol.55 , pp. 526-539
    • Beck, E.M.1    Tolnay, S.E.2
  • 4
    • 1842530912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ballot manipulation and the "menace of negro domination": racial threat and felon disenfranchisement in the United States, 1850-2002
    • Behrens A., Uggen C., and Manza J. Ballot manipulation and the "menace of negro domination": racial threat and felon disenfranchisement in the United States, 1850-2002. American Journal of Sociology 109 (2003) 559-605
    • (2003) American Journal of Sociology , vol.109 , pp. 559-605
    • Behrens, A.1    Uggen, C.2    Manza, J.3
  • 5
    • 12444334208 scopus 로고
    • Per cent non-white and discrimination in the South
    • Blalock Jr. H.M. Per cent non-white and discrimination in the South. American Sociological Review 22 (1957) 677-682
    • (1957) American Sociological Review , vol.22 , pp. 677-682
    • Blalock Jr., H.M.1
  • 8
    • 84964179951 scopus 로고
    • Race prejudice as a sense of group position
    • Blumer H. Race prejudice as a sense of group position. Pacific Sociological Review 1 (1958) 3-7
    • (1958) Pacific Sociological Review , vol.1 , pp. 3-7
    • Blumer, H.1
  • 9
    • 51349162777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Blumer, H.G. 1955. Reflections on theory of race relations. In: Lind, A.W. (Ed.), Race Relations in World Perspective, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, HI, pp. 3-21.
    • Blumer, H.G. 1955. Reflections on theory of race relations. In: Lind, A.W. (Ed.), Race Relations in World Perspective, University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, HI, pp. 3-21.
  • 10
    • 58149366470 scopus 로고
    • Whites' opposition to busing: symbolic racism or realistic group conflict?
    • Bobo L. Whites' opposition to busing: symbolic racism or realistic group conflict?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 45 (1983) 1196-1210
    • (1983) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.45 , pp. 1196-1210
    • Bobo, L.1
  • 11
    • 84936628910 scopus 로고
    • Attitudes toward the black political movement: trends, meaning, and effects on racial policy preferences
    • Bobo L. Attitudes toward the black political movement: trends, meaning, and effects on racial policy preferences. Social Psychology Quarterly 51 (1988) 287-302
    • (1988) Social Psychology Quarterly , vol.51 , pp. 287-302
    • Bobo, L.1
  • 12
    • 51349134288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bobo, L. 1988b. Group conflict, prejudice, and the paradox of contemporary racial attitudes. In: Katz, P.A., Taylor, D.A. (Eds.), Eliminating Racism: Profiles in Controversy, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 85-114.
    • Bobo, L. 1988b. Group conflict, prejudice, and the paradox of contemporary racial attitudes. In: Katz, P.A., Taylor, D.A. (Eds.), Eliminating Racism: Profiles in Controversy, Plenum Press, New York, pp. 85-114.
  • 13
    • 0032219978 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Race, interests, and beliefs about affirmative action: unanswered questions and new directions
    • Bobo L. Race, interests, and beliefs about affirmative action: unanswered questions and new directions. American Behavioral Scientist 41 (1998) 985-1003
    • (1998) American Behavioral Scientist , vol.41 , pp. 985-1003
    • Bobo, L.1
  • 14
    • 0030318221 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Perceptions of racial group competition: extending Blumer's theory of group position to a multiracial social context
    • Bobo L., and Hutchings V.L. Perceptions of racial group competition: extending Blumer's theory of group position to a multiracial social context. American Sociological Review 61 (1996) 951-972
    • (1996) American Sociological Review , vol.61 , pp. 951-972
    • Bobo, L.1    Hutchings, V.L.2
  • 15
    • 0029821403 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes on residential integration: perceived status differences, mere in-group preference, or racial prejudice?
    • Bobo L., and Zubrinsky C.L. Attitudes on residential integration: perceived status differences, mere in-group preference, or racial prejudice?. Social Forces 74 (1996) 883-909
    • (1996) Social Forces , vol.74 , pp. 883-909
    • Bobo, L.1    Zubrinsky, C.L.2
  • 16
    • 0001271027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prejudice as group position: microfoundations of a sociological approach to racism and race relations
    • Bobo L.D. Prejudice as group position: microfoundations of a sociological approach to racism and race relations. Journal of Social Issues 55 (1999) 445-472
    • (1999) Journal of Social Issues , vol.55 , pp. 445-472
    • Bobo, L.D.1
  • 17
    • 13544263503 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Feminist attitudes and support for gender equality: opinion change in women and men, 1974-1998
    • Bolzendahl C.I., and Myers D.J. Feminist attitudes and support for gender equality: opinion change in women and men, 1974-1998. Social Forces 83 (2004) 759-789
    • (2004) Social Forces , vol.83 , pp. 759-789
    • Bolzendahl, C.I.1    Myers, D.J.2
  • 18
    • 0015407737 scopus 로고
    • A theory of ethnic antagonism: the split labor market
    • Bonacich E. A theory of ethnic antagonism: the split labor market. American Sociological Review 37 (1972) 547-559
    • (1972) American Sociological Review , vol.37 , pp. 547-559
    • Bonacich, E.1
  • 19
    • 0020685359 scopus 로고
    • Black concentration and lynchings in the South: testing Blalock's power-threat hypothesis
    • Corzine J., Creech J., and Corzine L. Black concentration and lynchings in the South: testing Blalock's power-threat hypothesis. Social Forces 61 (1983) 774-796
    • (1983) Social Forces , vol.61 , pp. 774-796
    • Corzine, J.1    Creech, J.2    Corzine, L.3
  • 20
    • 12344265865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The impact of serious crime, racial threat, and economic inequality on private police size
    • D'Alessio S.J., Eitle D., and Stolzenberg L. The impact of serious crime, racial threat, and economic inequality on private police size. Social Science Research 34 (2005) 267-282
    • (2005) Social Science Research , vol.34 , pp. 267-282
    • D'Alessio, S.J.1    Eitle, D.2    Stolzenberg, L.3
  • 21
    • 0036711080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of racial threat on interracial and intraracial crimes
    • D'Alessio S.J., Stolzenberg L., and Eitle D. The effect of racial threat on interracial and intraracial crimes. Social Science Research 31 (2002) 392-408
    • (2002) Social Science Research , vol.31 , pp. 392-408
    • D'Alessio, S.J.1    Stolzenberg, L.2    Eitle, D.3
  • 22
    • 51349141512 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Davis, J.A., Smith, T.W., Marsden, P.V. 2003. General Social Surveys, 1972-2002: [Cumulative File] [Computer file]. 2nd ICPSR version. National Opinion Research Center [producer], Chicago, IL. Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, Storrs, CT. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributors], University of Connecticut/Ann Arbor, MI. Accessed September 26, 2003, .
    • Davis, J.A., Smith, T.W., Marsden, P.V. 2003. General Social Surveys, 1972-2002: [Cumulative File] [Computer file]. 2nd ICPSR version. National Opinion Research Center [producer], Chicago, IL. Roper Center for Public Opinion Research, Storrs, CT. Inter-university Consortium for Political and Social Research [distributors], University of Connecticut/Ann Arbor, MI. Accessed September 26, 2003, .
  • 23
    • 33745936758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The ties that bind and those that don't: toward reconciling group threat and contact theories of prejudice
    • Dixon J.C. The ties that bind and those that don't: toward reconciling group threat and contact theories of prejudice. Social Forces 84 (2006) 2179-2204
    • (2006) Social Forces , vol.84 , pp. 2179-2204
    • Dixon, J.C.1
  • 24
    • 0036967675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial threat and social control: a test of the political, economic, and threat of black crime hypotheses
    • Eitle D., D'Alessio S.J., and Stolzenberg L. Racial threat and social control: a test of the political, economic, and threat of black crime hypotheses. Social Forces 81 (2002) 557-576
    • (2002) Social Forces , vol.81 , pp. 557-576
    • Eitle, D.1    D'Alessio, S.J.2    Stolzenberg, L.3
  • 25
    • 0037938754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An ethnographer looks at neo-Nazi and Klan groups: The Racist Mind revisited
    • Ezekiel R.S. An ethnographer looks at neo-Nazi and Klan groups: The Racist Mind revisited. American Behavioral Scientist 46 (2002) 51-71
    • (2002) American Behavioral Scientist , vol.46 , pp. 51-71
    • Ezekiel, R.S.1
  • 26
    • 0000667094 scopus 로고
    • The impact of issue framing on public opinion: toward affirmative action programs
    • Fine T.S. The impact of issue framing on public opinion: toward affirmative action programs. Social Science Journal 29 (1992) 323-335
    • (1992) Social Science Journal , vol.29 , pp. 323-335
    • Fine, T.S.1
  • 30
    • 0036209790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Studying hate crime with the internet: what makes racists advocate racial violence?
    • Glaser J., Dixit J., and Green D.P. Studying hate crime with the internet: what makes racists advocate racial violence?. Journal of Social Issues 58 (2002) 177-193
    • (2002) Journal of Social Issues , vol.58 , pp. 177-193
    • Glaser, J.1    Dixit, J.2    Green, D.P.3
  • 31
    • 51349128401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Goldin, C. 2002. A pollution theory of discrimination: male and female differences in occupations and earnings. Working Paper No. 8985. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
    • Goldin, C. 2002. A pollution theory of discrimination: male and female differences in occupations and earnings. Working Paper No. 8985. National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, MA.
  • 32
    • 51349096206 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Green, D.P., Abelson, R.P., Garnett, M. 1999. The distinctive political views of hate-crime perpetrators and white supremacists. In: Prentice, D.A., Miller, D.T. (Eds.), Cultural Divides: Understanding and Overcoming Group Conflict, Russell Sage Foundation, New York, pp. 429-464.
    • Green, D.P., Abelson, R.P., Garnett, M. 1999. The distinctive political views of hate-crime perpetrators and white supremacists. In: Prentice, D.A., Miller, D.T. (Eds.), Cultural Divides: Understanding and Overcoming Group Conflict, Russell Sage Foundation, New York, pp. 429-464.
  • 33
    • 84937299954 scopus 로고
    • Opposition to bilingual education: prejudice or the defense of realistic interests?
    • Huddy L., and Sears D.O. Opposition to bilingual education: prejudice or the defense of realistic interests?. Social Psychology Quarterly 58 (1995) 133-143
    • (1995) Social Psychology Quarterly , vol.58 , pp. 133-143
    • Huddy, L.1    Sears, D.O.2
  • 36
    • 0001124785 scopus 로고
    • Prejudice and politics: symbolic racism versus racial threats to the good life
    • Kinder D.R., and Sears D.O. Prejudice and politics: symbolic racism versus racial threats to the good life. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 40 (1981) 414-431
    • (1981) Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , vol.40 , pp. 414-431
    • Kinder, D.R.1    Sears, D.O.2
  • 37
    • 85024376587 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kluegel, J.R., Bobo, L.D. 2003. Perceived group discrimination and policy attitudes: the sources and consequences of the race and gender gaps. In: O'Conner, A., Tilly, C., Bobo, L.D. (Eds.), Urban Inequality: Evidence from Four Cities, Russell Sage Foundation, New York, pp. 163-213.
    • Kluegel, J.R., Bobo, L.D. 2003. Perceived group discrimination and policy attitudes: the sources and consequences of the race and gender gaps. In: O'Conner, A., Tilly, C., Bobo, L.D. (Eds.), Urban Inequality: Evidence from Four Cities, Russell Sage Foundation, New York, pp. 163-213.
  • 38
    • 17244369013 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prejudice, politics, and public opinion: understanding the sources of racial policy attitudes
    • Krysan M. Prejudice, politics, and public opinion: understanding the sources of racial policy attitudes. Annual Review of Sociology 26 (2000) 135-168
    • (2000) Annual Review of Sociology , vol.26 , pp. 135-168
    • Krysan, M.1
  • 39
    • 1342306404 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social structural position and prejudice: an exploration of cross-national differences in regression slopes
    • Kunovich R.M. Social structural position and prejudice: an exploration of cross-national differences in regression slopes. Social Science Research 33 (2004) 20-44
    • (2004) Social Science Research , vol.33 , pp. 20-44
    • Kunovich, R.M.1
  • 41
    • 0030305730 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Issue frames and group-centrism in American public opinion
    • Nelson T.E., and Kinder D.R. Issue frames and group-centrism in American public opinion. Journal of Politics 58 (1996) 1055-1078
    • (1996) Journal of Politics , vol.58 , pp. 1055-1078
    • Nelson, T.E.1    Kinder, D.R.2
  • 42
    • 0025529665 scopus 로고
    • The political context of competition: lynching and urban racial violence, 1882-1914
    • Olzak S. The political context of competition: lynching and urban racial violence, 1882-1914. Social Forces 69 (1990) 395-421
    • (1990) Social Forces , vol.69 , pp. 395-421
    • Olzak, S.1
  • 45
    • 0032345706 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reactions toward the new minorities of western Europe
    • Pettigrew T.F. Reactions toward the new minorities of western Europe. Annual Review of Sociology 24 (1998) 77-103
    • (1998) Annual Review of Sociology , vol.24 , pp. 77-103
    • Pettigrew, T.F.1
  • 47
    • 84930590097 scopus 로고
    • Prejudice as a response to perceived group threat: population composition and anti-immigrant and racial prejudice in Europe
    • Quillian L. Prejudice as a response to perceived group threat: population composition and anti-immigrant and racial prejudice in Europe. American Sociological Review 60 (1995) 586-611
    • (1995) American Sociological Review , vol.60 , pp. 586-611
    • Quillian, L.1
  • 48
    • 0030362807 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Group threat and regional change in attitudes toward African-Americans
    • Quillian L. Group threat and regional change in attitudes toward African-Americans. American Journal of Sociology 102 (1996) 816-860
    • (1996) American Journal of Sociology , vol.102 , pp. 816-860
    • Quillian, L.1
  • 49
    • 0031451141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interaction and the conservation of gender inequality: considering employment
    • Ridgeway C.L. Interaction and the conservation of gender inequality: considering employment. American Sociological Review 62 (1997) 218-235
    • (1997) American Sociological Review , vol.62 , pp. 218-235
    • Ridgeway, C.L.1
  • 52
  • 53
  • 54
    • 0031512917 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is it really racism? The origins of white Americans' opposition to race-targeted policies
    • Sears D.O., van Laar C., Carrillo M., and Kosterman R. Is it really racism? The origins of white Americans' opposition to race-targeted policies. Public Opinion Quarterly 61 (1997) 16-53
    • (1997) Public Opinion Quarterly , vol.61 , pp. 16-53
    • Sears, D.O.1    van Laar, C.2    Carrillo, M.3    Kosterman, R.4
  • 55
    • 0036669742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Labor market competition, perceived threat, and endorsement of economic discrimination against foreign workers in Israel
    • Semyonov M., Raijman R., and Yom-Tov A. Labor market competition, perceived threat, and endorsement of economic discrimination against foreign workers in Israel. Social Problems 49 (2002) 416-431
    • (2002) Social Problems , vol.49 , pp. 416-431
    • Semyonov, M.1    Raijman, R.2    Yom-Tov, A.3
  • 56
    • 4544230408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Population size, perceived threat, and exclusion: a multiple-indicators analysis of attitudes toward foreigners in Germany
    • Semyonov M., Raijman R., Yom-Tov A., and Schmidt P. Population size, perceived threat, and exclusion: a multiple-indicators analysis of attitudes toward foreigners in Germany. Social Science Research 33 (2004) 681-701
    • (2004) Social Science Research , vol.33 , pp. 681-701
    • Semyonov, M.1    Raijman, R.2    Yom-Tov, A.3    Schmidt, P.4
  • 57
    • 84925930102 scopus 로고
    • Racial tolerance as a function of group position
    • Smith A.W. Racial tolerance as a function of group position. American Sociological Review 46 (1981) 558-573
    • (1981) American Sociological Review , vol.46 , pp. 558-573
    • Smith, A.W.1
  • 58
    • 0032876582 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Black church arson in the United States, 1989-1996
    • Soule S.A., and Van Dyke N. Black church arson in the United States, 1989-1996. Ethnic and Racial Studies 22 (1999) 724-742
    • (1999) Ethnic and Racial Studies , vol.22 , pp. 724-742
    • Soule, S.A.1    Van Dyke, N.2
  • 62
    • 20644434899 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affirmative action: legislative history, judicial interpretations, public consensus
    • Smelser N.J., Wilson W.J., and Mitchell F. (Eds), National Academy Press, Washington, DC
    • Swain C.M. Affirmative action: legislative history, judicial interpretations, public consensus. In: Smelser N.J., Wilson W.J., and Mitchell F. (Eds). America Becoming: Racial Trends and Their Consequences vol. 1 (2001), National Academy Press, Washington, DC 318-347
    • (2001) America Becoming: Racial Trends and Their Consequences , vol.1 , pp. 318-347
    • Swain, C.M.1
  • 63
    • 0031283725 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How media frames move public opinion: an analysis of the women's movement
    • Terkildsen N., and Schnell F. How media frames move public opinion: an analysis of the women's movement. Political Research Quarterly 50 (1997) 879-900
    • (1997) Political Research Quarterly , vol.50 , pp. 879-900
    • Terkildsen, N.1    Schnell, F.2
  • 64
    • 0020742311 scopus 로고
    • Causes and consequences of sex-role attitudes and attitude change
    • Thornton A., Alwin D.F., and Camburn D. Causes and consequences of sex-role attitudes and attitude change. American Sociological Review 48 (1983) 211-227
    • (1983) American Sociological Review , vol.48 , pp. 211-227
    • Thornton, A.1    Alwin, D.F.2    Camburn, D.3
  • 65
    • 43249131960 scopus 로고
    • The power threat hypothesis and black lynching: "wither" the evidence?
    • Tolnay S.E., Beck E.M., and Massey J.L. The power threat hypothesis and black lynching: "wither" the evidence?. Social Forces 67 (1989) 634-640
    • (1989) Social Forces , vol.67 , pp. 634-640
    • Tolnay, S.E.1    Beck, E.M.2    Massey, J.L.3
  • 66
    • 0036246375 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attitudes and behavioural intentions towards ethnic minorities: an empirical test of several theoretical explanations for the Dutch case
    • Verberk G., Scheepers P., and Felling A. Attitudes and behavioural intentions towards ethnic minorities: an empirical test of several theoretical explanations for the Dutch case. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies 28 (2002) 197-219
    • (2002) Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies , vol.28 , pp. 197-219
    • Verberk, G.1    Scheepers, P.2    Felling, A.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.