Reactive flow models of the Anarraaq Zn-Pb-Ag deposit, Red Dog district, Alaska

Mineralium Deposita

Volumn 43, Issue 7, 2008, Pages 735-757

  Schardt, Christian ^a,d   Garven, Grant ^b   Kelley, Karen D ^c   Leach, David L ^c  

^a JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b TUFTS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c DENVER FEDERAL CENTER   (United States)

^d RWTH AACHEN UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Alaska; Anarraaq; Base metals; Lead zinc deposit; Reactive fluid flow modeling; Red Dog district

Indexed keywords

FLOW MODELING; FLUID FLOW; FLUID INCLUSION; HEAT FLOW; LEAD; ORE BODY; ORE DEPOSIT; ZINC;

ALASKA; BROOKS RANGE; NORTH AMERICA; RED DOG MINE; UNITED STATES;

CANIS FAMILIARIS;

EID: 51049117936     PISSN: 00264598     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s00126-008-0193-3     Document Type: Article

References (50)

1. Anderson GM, Garven G (1987) Sulfate-sulfide-carbonate associations in Mississippi Valley-type lead-zinc deposits. Econ Geol 82:482-488
2. Appold MS, Garven G (1999) The hydrology of ore formation in the Southeast Missouri district: Numerical models of topography-driven fluid flow during the Ouachita orogeny. Econ Geol 94:913-935
3. Appold MS, Garven G (2000) Reactive flow models of ore formation in the Southeast Missouri district. Econ Geol 95:1605-1626
4. Ayuso RA, Kelley KD, Leach DL, Young LE, Slack JF, Wandless G, Lyon AM, Dillingham JL (2004) Origin of the Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag deposits, Brooks Range, Alaska: Evidence from regional Pb and Sr isotope sources. Econ Geol 99:1533-1553
5. Cooke DR, Bull SW, Large RR, McGoldrick PJ (2000) The importance of oxidized brines for the formation of Australian Proterozoic stratiform sediment-hosted Pb-Zn (Sedex) deposits. Econ Geol 95:1-17
6. Cooke DR, Bull S, Large RR (2003) Processes of ore formation in the stratiform sediment-hosted Zn-Pb deposits of northern Australia; testing the Century model. J Geochem Expl 78-79:519-524
7. Corbella M, Ayora C, Cardellach E (2004) Hydrothermal mixing, carbonate dissolution and sulfide precipitation in Mississippi Valley-type deposits. Min Dep 39:344-357
8. De Marsily G (1986) Quantitative hydrogeology. Academic, New York, p 440
9. De Vera J, McClay KR, King AR (2004) Structure of the Red Dog district, western Brooks Range, Alaska. Econ Geol 99:1415-1434
10. Dumoulin JA, Bird KJ (2001) Stratigraphy and lithofacies of Lisburne Group carbonate rocks (Carboniferous-Permian) in the National Petroleum Reserve, Alaska. SEPM Core Workshop 21:141-166
11. Dumoulin JA, Harris AG, Schmidt JM (1993) Deep-water lithofacies and conodont faunas of the Lisburne Group, west-central Brooks Range, Alaska. U S Geol Surv Bull 2068:12-30
12. Dumoulin JA, Young LE, Blome CD (2001) Sedimentologic and paleontologic constraints on setting and age of the Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag massive sulfide deposit, Western Brooks Range, Alaska. Geol Soc Am - Abstracts with Programs 33:272
13. Dumoulin JA, Harris AG, Blome CD, Young LE (2004) Depositional settings, correlation, and age of Carboniferous rocks in the western Brooks Range, Alaska. Econ Geol 99:1355-1384
14. Freeze RA, Cherry JA (1979) Groundwater. Prentice Hall, New Jersey, p 604
15. Garven G, Freeze RA (1984) Theoretical analysis of the role of groundwater flow in the genesis of stratabound ore deposits: 2. Quantitative results. Am J Sci 284:1125-1174
16. Garven G, Raffensperger JP (1997) Hydrogeology and geochemistry of ore genesis in sedimentary basins. In: Barnes HL (ed) Geochemistry of hydrothermal ore deposits. Wiley, New York, pp 125-189
17. Garven G, Appold MS, Toptygina VI, Hazlett TJ (1999) Hydrogeologic modeling of the genesis of carbonate-hosted lead-zinc ores. Hydrogeol J 7:108-126
18. Garven G, Bull SW, Large RR (2001) Hydrothermal fluid flow models of stratiform ore genesis in the McArthur Basin, Northern Territory, Australia. Geofluids 1:289-311
19. Garven G, Raffensperger JP, Dumoulin JA, Bradley A, Young LE, Kelley KD, Leach DL (2003) Coupled heat and fluid flow modeling of the Carboniferous Kuna basin, Alaska: Implications for the genesis of the Red Dog Pb-Zn-Ag-Ba ore district. J Geochem Expl 78-79:215-219
20. Hanor J (1996) Controls on the solubilization of lead and zinc in basinal brines. Econ Geol Special Publication 4:483-500
21. Ingebritsen SE, Sanford WE, Neuzil CE (2006) Groundwater in geologic processes. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p 536
22. Jennings S, King AR (2002) Geology, exploration history and future discoveries in the Red Dog district, western Brooks Range, Alaska. University of Tasmania/Centre for Ore Deposit Research Spec Publ 4:151-158
23. Johnson JW, Oelkers EH, Helgeson HC (1992) SUPCRT92: A software package for calculating the standard molal thermodynamic properties of minerals, gases, aqueous species, and reactions from 1 to 5,000 bar and 0 to 1,000°C. Comp Geosci 18:899-947
24. Johnson CA, Kelley KD, Leach DL (2004) Sulfur and oxygen isotopes in barite deposits of the western Brooks Range, Alaska, and implications for the origin of the Red Dog massive sulfide deposits. Econ Geol 99:1435-1448
25. Kelley KD, Jennings S (2004) A special issue devoted to barite and Zn-Pb-Ag deposits in the Red Dog district, western Brooks Range, northern Alaska: Preface. Econ Geol 99:1267-1280
26. Kelley KD, Leach DL, Johnson CA, Clark JL, Fayek M, Slack JF, Anderson VM, Ayuso RA, Ridley WI (2004a) Textural, compositional, and sulfur isotope variations of sulfide minerals in the Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag deposits, Brooks Range, Alaska: Implications for ore formation. Econ Geol 99:1509-1532
27. Kelley KD, Dumoulin JA, Jennings S (2004b) The Anarraaq Zn-Pb-Ag and barite deposit, Northern Alaska: Evidence for replacement of carbonate by barite and sulfides. Econ Geol 99:1577-1591
28. Large RR (2003) The formation of giant stratiform sediment-hosted Zn-Pb-Ag deposits. Geol Soc Am - Abstracts with Programs 35:12
29. Leach DL, Marsh E, Emsbo P, Rombach CS, Kelley KD, Anthony M (2004) Nature of hydrothermal fluids at the shale-hosted Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag deposits, Brooks Range, Alaska. Econ Geol 99:1449-1480
30. Leach DL, Sangster DF, Kelley KD, Large RR, Garven G, Allen CR, Gutzmer J, Walters S (2005) Sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits: A global perspective. Econ Geol 100:561-607
31. Leach DL, Macquar JC, Lagneau V, Leventhal J, Emsbo P, Premo W (2006) Precipitation of lead-zinc ores in the Mississippi Valley-type deposit at Trèves, Cévennes region of southern France. Geofluids 6:24-44
32. Lewchuk MT, Foucher J, Elmore RD (2004) Paleomagnetism of the Mesozoic Asik Mountain mafic complex in northern Alaska: Implications for the tectonic history of the Arctic composite terrane. Econ Geol 99:1555-1567
33. Moore DW, Young LE, Modene JS, Plahuta JT (1986) Geologic setting and genesis of the Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag deposit, western Brooks Range, Alaska. Econ Geol 81:1696-1727
34. Moore TE, Wallace WK, Bird KJ, Karl SM, Mull CG, Dillon JT (1994) Geology of northern Alaska: The geology of Alaska. Geol Soc Am G-1:49-140
35. Morelli RM, Creaser RA, Selby D, Kelley KD, Leach DL, King AR (2004) Re-Os Sulfide Geochronology of the Red Dog Sediment-Hosted Zn-Pb-Ag Deposit, Brooks Range, Alaska. Econ Geol 99:1569-1576
36. Oliver NHS, McLellan JG, Hobbs BE, Cleverley JS, Ord A, Feltrin L (2006) Numerical models of extensional deformation, heat transfer, and fluid flow across basement-cover interfaces during basin-related mineralization. Econ Geol 101:1-31
37. Plumlee GS, Leach DL, Hofstra AH, Landis GP, Rowan EL, Viets JG (1994) Chemical reaction path modeling of ore deposition in Mississippi valley-type Pb-Zn deposits of the Ozark region, U.S. Midcontinent. Econ Geol 89:1361-1383
38. Potter CJ, Dumoulin JA (2008) Geologic rationale for extensional basin framework during Red Dog mineralization. In: Kelley KD (ed) Regional fluid flow and basin modeling in northern Alaska. U.S. Geological Survey Circ 1319:32-35
39. Raffensperger JP (1993) Quantitative evaluation of the hydrologic and geochemical processes involved in the formation of unconformity-type uranium deposits. Unpubl Ph.D. Dissertation. Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, p 679.
40. Raffensperger JP, Garven G (1995a) The formation of unconformity-type uranium ore deposits. 1. Coupled groundwater flow and heat transport modeling. Am J Sci 295:581-630
41. Raffensperger JP, Garven G (1995b) The formation of unconformity-type uranium ore deposits. 2. Coupled hydrochemical modeling. Am J Sci 295:639-696
42. Raffensperger JP, Garven G (1995c) Fluid flow and geochemical modeling in sediment-hosted ore systems. International Field Conference on Carbonate-hosted Lead-Zinc Deposits Workshop, St. Louis, 125 p.
43. Rombach CS, Layer PW (2004) Geochronology of the western and central Brooks Range, Alaska: Implications for the geologic evolution of the Anarraaq and Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag deposits. Econ Geol 99:1307-1322
44. Salas J, Taberner C, Esteban M, Ayora C (2007) Hydrothermal dolomitization, mixing corrosion and deep burial porosity formation: numerical results from 1-D reactive transport models. Geofluids 7:99-111
45. Simms MA, Garven G (2004) Thermal convection in faulted extensional sedimentary basins: Theoretical results from finite element modeling. Geofluids 4:109-130
46. Slack JF, Dumoulin JA, Schmidt JM, Young LE, Rombach CS (2004a) Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in the Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag district and vicinity, western Brooks Range, Alaska: Provenance, deposition, and metallogenic significance. Econ Geol 99:1385-1414
47. Slack JF, Kelley KD, Anderson VM, Clark JL, Ayuso RA (2004b) Multistage hydrothermal silicification and Fe-Tl-As-Sb-Ge-REE enrichment in the Red Dog Zn-Pb-Ag district, northern Alaska: Geochemistry, origin, and exploration applications. Econ Geol 99:1481-1508
48. Sverjensky DA (1987) The role of migrating oil field brines in the formation of sediment-hosted Cu-rich deposits. Econ Geol 82:1130-1141
49. Werdon MB, Layer PW, Newberry RJ (2004) 40Ar/39Ar dating of Zn-Pb-Ag mineralization in the northern Brooks Range, Alaska. Econ Geol 99:1323-1343
50. Young LE (2004) A geologic framework for mineralization in the western Brooks Range, Alaska. Econ Geol 99:1281-1306