Understanding patterns of attitude change: When implicit measures show change, but explicit measures do not

Journal of Experimental Social Psychology

Volumn 44, Issue 5, 2008, Pages 1355-1361

  Gawronski, Bertram ^a   LeBel, Etienne P ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Attitude change; Evaluative conditioning; Implicit measures; Introspection; Mere ownership

Indexed keywords

EID: 48749097604     PISSN: 00221031     EISSN: 10960465     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jesp.2008.04.005     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Beggan J.K. On the social nature of nonsocial perception: The mere ownership effect. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 62 (1992) 229-237
2. Bosson J.K., Swann W.B., and Pennebaker J.W. Stalking the perfect measure of implicit self-esteem: The blind men and the elephant revisited?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79 (2000) 631-643
3. Dasgupta N., and Greenwald A.G. On the malleability of automatic attitudes: Combating automatic prejudice with images of admired and disliked individuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81 (2001) 800-814
4. De Houwer J., Thomas S., and Baeyens F. Associative learning of likes and dislikes: A review of 25 years of research on human evaluative conditioning. Psychological Bulletin 127 (2001) 853-869
5. Dijksterhuis A. I like myself but I don't know why: Enhancing implicit self-esteem by subliminal evaluative conditioning. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 86 (2004) 345-355
6. Fazio R.H., Jackson J.R., Dunton B.C., and Williams C.J. Variability in automatic activation as an unobtrusive measure of racial attitudes: A bona fide pipeline?. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 69 (1995) 1013-1027
7. Fazio R.H., and Olson M.A. Implicit measures in social cognition research: Their meaning and use. Annual Review of Psychology 54 (2003) 297-327
8. Gawronski B., and Bodenhausen G.V. Associative and propositional processes in evaluation: An integrative review of implicit and explicit attitude change. Psychological Bulletin 132 (2006) 692-731
9. Gawronski B., Bodenhausen G.V., and Becker A. I like it, because I like myself: Associative self-anchoring and post-decisional change of implicit evaluations. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 43 (2007) 221-232
10. Gawronski B., and Strack F. On the propositional nature of cognitive consistency: Dissonance changes explicit, but not implicit attitudes. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology 40 (2004) 535-542
11. Greenwald A.G., and Farnham S.D. Using the Implicit Association Test to measure self-esteem and self-concept. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 79 (2000) 1022-1038
12. Greenwald A.G., McGhee D.E., and Schwartz J.K.L. Measuring individual differences in implicit cognition: The Implicit Association Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 74 (1998) 1464-1480
13. Greenwald A.G., Nosek B.A., and Banaji M.R. Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: I. An improved scoring algorithm. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 85 (2003) 197-216
14. Gregg A.P., Seibt B., and Banaji M.R. Easier done than undone: Asymmetry in the malleability of implicit preferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 90 (2006) 1-20
15. Hofmann W., Gschwendner T., Nosek B.A., and Schmitt M. What moderates implicit-explicit consistency?. European Review of Social Psychology 16 (2005) 335-390
16. Karpinski A., and Hilton J.L. Attitudes and the Implicit Association Test. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 81 (2001) 774-788
17. Koole S.L., Dijksterhuis A., and Van Knippenberg A. What's in a name: Implicit self-esteem and the automatic self. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 80 (2001) 669-685
18. Kornblum S., Hasbroucq T., and Osman A. Dimensional overlap: Cognitive basis for stimulus-response compatibility-a model and taxonomy. Psychological Review 97 (1990) 253-270
19. Neely J.H. Semantic priming and retrieval from lexical memory: Roles of inhibitionless spreading activation and limited-capacity attention. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General 106 (1977) 226-254
20. Nier J.A. How dissociated are implicit and explicit racial attitudes? A bogus pipeline approach. Group Processes and Intergroup Relations 8 (2005) 39-52
21. Olson M.A., and Fazio R.H. Reducing automatically activated racial prejudice through implicit evaluative conditioning. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 32 (2006) 421-433
22. Payne B.K., Cheng S.M., Govorun O., and Stewart B.D. An inkblot for attitudes: Affect misattribution as implicit measurement. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 89 (2005) 277-293
23. Petty R.E., Tormala Z.L., Brinol P., and Jarvis W.B.G. Implicit ambivalence from attitude change: An exploration of the PAST Model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 90 (2006) 21-41
24. Rudman L.A., Phelan J.E., and Heppen J.B. Developmental sources of implicit attitudes. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 33 (2007) 1700-1713
25. Rydell R.J., and McConnell A.R. Understanding implicit and explicit attitude change: A systems of reasoning analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 91 (2006) 995-1008
26. Schuette R.A., and Fazio R.H. Attitude accessibility and motivation as determinants of biased processing: A test of the MODE model. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 21 (1995) 704-710
27. Thurstone L.L. Attitudes can be measured. American Journal of Sociology 33 (1928) 529-554
28. Walther E., Nagengast B., and Traselli C. Evaluative conditioning in social psychology: Facts and speculations. Cognition and Emotion 19 (2005) 175-196
29. Wilson T.D., and Dunn D.S. Effects of introspection on attitude-behavior consistency: Analyzing reasons versus focusing on feelings. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 22 (1986) 249-263
30. Wilson T.D., Dunn D.S., Kraft D., and Lisle D.J. Introspection, attitude change, and attitude-behavior consistency: The disruptive effects of explaining why we feel the way we do. In: Berkowitz L. (Ed). Advances in experimental social psychology Vol. 22 (1989), Academic Press, New York 287-343
31. Wilson T.D., Lindsey S., and Schooler T.Y. A model of dual attitudes. Psychological Review 107 (2000) 101-126
32. In: Wittenbrink B., and Schwarz N. (Eds). Implicit measures of attitudes (2007), Guilford Press, New York