메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 10, 2008, Pages 2479-2494

The white-backed woodpecker: Umbrella species for forest conservation planning?

Author keywords

Boreal forests; Conservation planning; Dead wood; Deciduous forests; Dendrocopos leucotos; Indicator species; Protected areas; Umbrella species; White backed woodpecker; Woodland key habitats

Indexed keywords

BIRD; BREEDING POPULATION; CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT; CONSERVATION PLANNING; DECIDUOUS FOREST; FOREST ECOSYSTEM; FOREST MANAGEMENT; MIXED FOREST; POPULATION DECLINE; PROTECTED AREA; RED LIST;

EID: 48549094547     PISSN: 09603115     EISSN: 15729710     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10531-008-9394-4     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (83)

References (76)
  • 1
    • 0001884719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Landscape analysis as a tool for the scientific management of biodiversity
    • P Angelstam 1997 Landscape analysis as a tool for the scientific management of biodiversity Ecol Bull 46 140 170
    • (1997) Ecol Bull , vol.46 , pp. 140-170
    • Angelstam, P.1
  • 2
    • 0000846617 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of moose density on timber quality and biodiversity restoration in Sweden, Finland, and Russian Karelia
    • P Angelstam P-E Wikberg P Danilov 2000 Effects of moose density on timber quality and biodiversity restoration in Sweden, Finland, and Russian Karelia Alces 36 133 145
    • (2000) Alces , vol.36 , pp. 133-145
    • Angelstam, P.1    Wikberg, P.-E.2    Danilov, P.3
  • 3
    • 0347220094 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of forest structure on the presence of woodpeckers with different specialisation in a landscape history gradient in NE Poland
    • Garstang United Kingdom
    • Angelstam P, Breuss M, Mikusiński G et al (2002) Effects of forest structure on the presence of woodpeckers with different specialisation in a landscape history gradient in NE Poland. In: Chamberlain D, Wilson A (eds) Avian landscape ecology. IALE(UK). Garstang, United Kingdom, pp 25-38
    • (2002) Avian Landscape Ecology. IALE(UK) , pp. 25-38
    • Angelstam, P.1    Breuss, M.2    Mikusiński, G.3    Chamberlain, D.4    Wilson, A.5
  • 4
    • 1242319232 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Habitat modelling as a tool for landscape-scale conservation-a review of parameters for focal forest birds
    • P Angelstam J-M Roberge A Lõhmus 2004 Habitat modelling as a tool for landscape-scale conservation-a review of parameters for focal forest birds Ecol Bull 51 427 453
    • (2004) Ecol Bull , vol.51 , pp. 427-453
    • Angelstam, P.1    Roberge, J.-M.2    Lõhmus, A.3
  • 10
    • 0036914153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changes in mixed deciduous forests of boreal Sweden 1866-1999 based on interpretation of historical records
    • 10.1023/A:1021226600159
    • A-L Axelsson L Östlund E Hellberg 2002 Changes in mixed deciduous forests of boreal Sweden 1866-1999 based on interpretation of historical records Landscape Ecol 17 403 418 10.1023/A:1021226600159
    • (2002) Landscape Ecol , vol.17 , pp. 403-418
    • Axelsson, A.-L.1    Östlund, L.2    Hellberg, E.3
  • 11
    • 33645101328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A multiscale method for selecting indicator species and priority conservation areas: A case study for broadleaved forests in Lombardy, Italy
    • 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00331.x
    • L Bani D Massimino L Bottoni R Massa 2006 A multiscale method for selecting indicator species and priority conservation areas: a case study for broadleaved forests in Lombardy, Italy Conserv Biol 20 512 526 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00331.x
    • (2006) Conserv Biol , vol.20 , pp. 512-526
    • Bani, L.1    Massimino, D.2    Bottoni, L.3    Massa, R.4
  • 12
    • 0142059822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Reserves, resilience and dynamic landscapes
    • 10.1639/0044-7447(2003) 032[0389:RRADL]2.0.CO;2
    • J Bengtsson P Angelstam T Elmqvist 2003 Reserves, resilience and dynamic landscapes Ambio 32 389 396 10.1639/0044-7447(2003) 032[0389:RRADL]2.0.CO;2
    • (2003) Ambio , vol.32 , pp. 389-396
    • Bengtsson, J.1    Angelstam, P.2    Elmqvist, T.3
  • 13
    • 0028163206 scopus 로고
    • Threatened plant, animal, and fungus species in Swedish forests: Distribution and habitat associations
    • 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08030718.x
    • Å Berg B Ehnström L Gustafsson 1994 Threatened plant, animal, and fungus species in Swedish forests: distribution and habitat associations Conserv Biol 8 718 731 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1994.08030718.x
    • (1994) Conserv Biol , vol.8 , pp. 718-731
    • Berg, Å.1    Ehnström, B.2    Gustafsson, L.3
  • 15
    • 0031863757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Territory quality and feather growth in the white-backed woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos
    • 10.2307/3677201
    • A Carlson 1998 Territory quality and feather growth in the white-backed woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos J Avian Biol 29 205 207 10.2307/3677201
    • (1998) J Avian Biol , vol.29 , pp. 205-207
    • Carlson, A.1
  • 16
    • 0034212495 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of habitat loss on a deciduous forest specialist species: White-backed woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos
    • 10.1016/S0378-1127(99) 00215-7
    • A Carlson 2000 The effect of habitat loss on a deciduous forest specialist species: white-backed woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos Forest Ecol Manag 131 215 221 10.1016/S0378-1127(99) 00215-7
    • (2000) Forest Ecol Manag , vol.131 , pp. 215-221
    • Carlson, A.1
  • 18
    • 33646676534 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Logging affects the white-backed woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos distribution in the Białowieża Forest
    • D Czeszczewik W Walankiewicz 2006 Logging affects the white-backed woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos distribution in the Białowieża Forest Ann Zool Fenn 43 221 227
    • (2006) Ann Zool Fenn , vol.43 , pp. 221-227
    • Czeszczewik, D.1    Walankiewicz, W.2
  • 23
    • 33745684905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating reserves for species richness and representation in northern California
    • 10.1111/j.1366-9516.2006.00263.x
    • JR Dunk WJ Zielinski HH Welsh 2006 Evaluating reserves for species richness and representation in northern California Divers Distrib 12 434 442 10.1111/j.1366-9516.2006.00263.x
    • (2006) Divers Distrib , vol.12 , pp. 434-442
    • Dunk, J.R.1    Zielinski, W.J.2    Welsh, H.H.3
  • 25
    • 33845408286 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Recommendations for assessing the effectiveness of surrogate species approaches
    • 10.1007/s10531-005-2631-1
    • JM Favreau CA Drew GR Hess 2006 Recommendations for assessing the effectiveness of surrogate species approaches Biodivers Conserv 15 3949 3969 10.1007/s10531-005-2631-1
    • (2006) Biodivers Conserv , vol.15 , pp. 3949-3969
    • Favreau, J.M.1    Drew, C.A.2    Hess, G.R.3
  • 26
    • 0033855924 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A new method for selection of umbrella species for conservation planning
    • 10.1890/1051-0761(2000) 010[0569:ANMFSO]2.0.CO;2
    • E Fleishman DD Murphy PF Brussard 2000 A new method for selection of umbrella species for conservation planning Ecol Appl 10 569 579 10.1890/1051-0761(2000) 010[0569:ANMFSO]2.0.CO;2
    • (2000) Ecol Appl , vol.10 , pp. 569-579
    • Fleishman, E.1    Murphy, D.D.2    Brussard, P.F.3
  • 27
    • 0034213960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Amount, structure, and dynamics of dead wood on managed forestland in Sweden
    • 10.1016/S0378-1127(99) 00208-X
    • J Fridman M Walheim 2000 Amount, structure, and dynamics of dead wood on managed forestland in Sweden Forest Ecol Manag 131 23 26 10.1016/S0378-1127(99) 00208-X
    • (2000) Forest Ecol Manag , vol.131 , pp. 23-26
    • Fridman, J.1    Walheim, M.2
  • 29
    • 15244359288 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abundance of two threatened woodpecker species in relation to the proportion of spruce plantations in native pine forests of western Norway
    • 10.1007/s10531-004-6065-y
    • I Gjerde M Sætersdal T Nilsen 2005 Abundance of two threatened woodpecker species in relation to the proportion of spruce plantations in native pine forests of western Norway Biodivers Conserv 14 377 393 10.1007/s10531-004-6065-y
    • (2005) Biodivers Conserv , vol.14 , pp. 377-393
    • Gjerde, I.1    Sætersdal, M.2    Nilsen, T.3
  • 31
    • 0032874615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of Swedish woodland key habitats using redlisted bryophytes and lichens
    • 10.1023/A:1008934526658
    • L Gustafsson J de Jong M Norén 1999 Evaluation of Swedish woodland key habitats using redlisted bryophytes and lichens Biodivers Conserv 8 1101 1114 10.1023/A:1008934526658
    • (1999) Biodivers Conserv , vol.8 , pp. 1101-1114
    • Gustafsson, L.1    De Jong, J.2    Norén, M.3
  • 32
    • 33846266907 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relative performance of umbrella species for biodiversity conservation in island archipelagos of the Great Lakes, North America
    • 10.2980/1195-6860(2006) 13[475:TRPOUS]2.0.CO;2
    • HA Hager RM Gorman TD Nudds 2006 The relative performance of umbrella species for biodiversity conservation in island archipelagos of the Great Lakes, North America Écoscience 13 475 484 10.2980/1195-6860(2006) 13[475:TRPOUS]2.0.CO;2
    • (2006) Écoscience , vol.13 , pp. 475-484
    • Hager, H.A.1    Gorman, R.M.2    Nudds, T.D.3
  • 33
    • 29844434190 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparing the potential effectiveness of conservation planning approaches in central North Carolina, USA
    • 10.1016/j.biocon.2005.10.003
    • GR Hess FH Koch MJ Rubino 2006 Comparing the potential effectiveness of conservation planning approaches in central North Carolina, USA Biol Conserv 128 358 368 10.1016/j.biocon.2005.10.003
    • (2006) Biol Conserv , vol.128 , pp. 358-368
    • Hess, G.R.1    Koch, F.H.2    Rubino, M.J.3
  • 34
    • 0028682977 scopus 로고
    • Habitat selection of a viable population of white-backed woodpeckers Dendrocopos leucotos
    • O Hogstad I Stenberg 1994 Habitat selection of a viable population of white-backed woodpeckers Dendrocopos leucotos Fauna Norv Ser C Cinclus 17 75 94
    • (1994) Fauna Norv Ser C Cinclus , vol.17 , pp. 75-94
    • Hogstad, O.1    Stenberg, I.2
  • 36
    • 0031742117 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Substrate requirements of red-listed saproxylic invertebrates in Sweden
    • 10.1023/A:1008888319031
    • M Jonsell J Weslien B Ehnström 1998 Substrate requirements of red-listed saproxylic invertebrates in Sweden Biodivers Conserv 7 749 764 10.1023/A:1008888319031
    • (1998) Biodivers Conserv , vol.7 , pp. 749-764
    • Jonsell, M.1    Weslien, J.2    Ehnström, B.3
  • 37
    • 1842787552 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Saproxylic beetles in natural and man-made deciduous high stumps retained for conservation
    • 10.1016/j.biocon.2003.08.017
    • M Jonsell K Nitterus K Stighäll 2004 Saproxylic beetles in natural and man-made deciduous high stumps retained for conservation Biol Conserv 118 163 173 10.1016/j.biocon.2003.08.017
    • (2004) Biol Conserv , vol.118 , pp. 163-173
    • Jonsell, M.1    Nitterus, K.2    Stighäll, K.3
  • 38
    • 21244447637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ecology of species living on dead wood - Lessons for dead wood management
    • BG Jonsson N Kruys T Ranius 2005 Ecology of species living on dead wood - lessons for dead wood management Silva Fenn 39 289 309
    • (2005) Silva Fenn , vol.39 , pp. 289-309
    • Jonsson, B.G.1    Kruys, N.2    Ranius, T.3
  • 40
    • 48549094078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Myndighet värvar fans till "lövskogens IK"
    • (in Swedish)
    • H Liedholm 2006 Myndighet värvar fans till "Lövskogens IK" SkogsEko 2 10 11 (in Swedish)
    • (2006) SkogsEko , vol.2 , pp. 10-11
    • Liedholm, H.1
  • 41
    • 0032873912 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The influence of former land-use on vegetation and biodiversity in the boreo-nemoral zone of Sweden
    • M Lindbladh 1999 The influence of former land-use on vegetation and biodiversity in the boreo-nemoral zone of Sweden Ecography 22 485 498
    • (1999) Ecography , vol.22 , pp. 485-498
    • Lindbladh, M.1
  • 42
    • 0031754043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The origin of present forest composition and pattern in southern Sweden
    • 10.1046/j.1365-2699.1998.2530463.x
    • M Lindbladh R Bradshaw 1998 The origin of present forest composition and pattern in southern Sweden J Biogeogr 25 463 477 10.1046/j.1365-2699.1998. 2530463.x
    • (1998) J Biogeogr , vol.25 , pp. 463-477
    • Lindbladh, M.1    Bradshaw, R.2
  • 43
    • 0027100710 scopus 로고
    • Changes in the boreal forests of Sweden 1870-1991
    • (in Swedish with English summary)
    • P Linder L Östlund 1992 Changes in the boreal forests of Sweden 1870-1991 Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 86 199 215 (in Swedish with English summary)
    • (1992) Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift , vol.86 , pp. 199-215
    • Linder, P.1    Östlund, L.2
  • 44
    • 0013531970 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-taxon congruence in complementarity and conservation of temperate biodiversity
    • 10.1017/S1367943002002226
    • MP Lund C Rahbek 2002 Cross-taxon congruence in complementarity and conservation of temperate biodiversity Anim Conserv 5 163 171 10.1017/S1367943002002226
    • (2002) Anim Conserv , vol.5 , pp. 163-171
    • Lund, M.P.1    Rahbek, C.2
  • 45
    • 0031947596 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Threatened beetles in white-backed woodpecker habitats
    • 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.96484.x
    • P Martikainen L Kaila Y Haila 1998 Threatened beetles in white-backed woodpecker habitats Conserv Biol 12 293 301 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1998.96484.x
    • (1998) Conserv Biol , vol.12 , pp. 293-301
    • Martikainen, P.1    Kaila, L.2    Haila, Y.3
  • 46
    • 0001374278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • European woodpeckers and anthropogenic habitat change: A review
    • G Mikusiński P Angelstam 1997 European woodpeckers and anthropogenic habitat change: a review Vogelwelt 118 277 283
    • (1997) Vogelwelt , vol.118 , pp. 277-283
    • Mikusiński, G.1    Angelstam, P.2
  • 47
    • 0035127075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Woodpeckers as indicators of forest bird diversity
    • 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.99236.x
    • G Mikusiński M Gromadzki P Chylarecki 2001 Woodpeckers as indicators of forest bird diversity Conserv Biol 15 208 217 10.1046/j.1523-1739. 2001.99236.x
    • (2001) Conserv Biol , vol.15 , pp. 208-217
    • Mikusiński, G.1    Gromadzki, M.2    Chylarecki, P.3
  • 48
    • 0346306176 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distribution of deciduous stands in villages located in coniferous forest landscapes in Sweden
    • 10.1639/0044-7447(2003) 032[0520:DODSIV]2.0.CO;2
    • G Mikusiński P Angelstam U Sporrong 2003 Distribution of deciduous stands in villages located in coniferous forest landscapes in Sweden Ambio 32 520 526 10.1639/0044-7447(2003) 032[0520:DODSIV]2.0.CO;2
    • (2003) Ambio , vol.32 , pp. 520-526
    • Mikusiński, G.1    Angelstam, P.2    Sporrong, U.3
  • 49
    • 37349048981 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Conservation planning in forest landscapes of Fennoscandia and an approach to the challenge of Countdown 2010
    • G Mikusiński RL Pressey L Edenius 2007 Conservation planning in forest landscapes of Fennoscandia and an approach to the challenge of Countdown 2010 Conserv Biol 21 1445 1454
    • (2007) Conserv Biol , vol.21 , pp. 1445-1454
    • Mikusiński, G.1    Pressey, R.L.2    Edenius, L.3
  • 51
    • 0002155849 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forests in the temperate-boreal transition: Natural and man-made features
    • SG Nilsson 1997 Forests in the temperate-boreal transition: natural and man-made features Ecol Bull 46 61 71
    • (1997) Ecol Bull , vol.46 , pp. 61-71
    • Nilsson, S.G.1
  • 52
    • 0027073581 scopus 로고
    • Woodland key habitats of rare and endangered species will be mapped in a new project of the Swedish National Board of Forestry
    • (in Swedish with English summary)
    • J Nitare M Norén 1992 Woodland key habitats of rare and endangered species will be mapped in a new project of the Swedish National Board of Forestry Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift 86 219 226 (in Swedish with English summary)
    • (1992) Svensk Botanisk Tidskrift , vol.86 , pp. 219-226
    • Nitare, J.1    Norén, M.2
  • 53
    • 0030731560 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The history and transformation of a Scandinavian boreal forest landscape since the 19th century
    • L Östlund O Zackrisson A-L Axelsson 1997 The history and transformation of a Scandinavian boreal forest landscape since the 19th century Can J Forest Res 27 1198 1206
    • (1997) Can J Forest Res , vol.27 , pp. 1198-1206
    • Östlund, L.1    Zackrisson, O.2    Axelsson, A.-L.3
  • 54
    • 33748922958 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A mechanistic approach to evaluation of umbrella species as conservation surrogates
    • 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00444.x
    • K Ozaki M Isono T Kawahara 2006 A mechanistic approach to evaluation of umbrella species as conservation surrogates Conserv Biol 20 1507 1515 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2006.00444.x
    • (2006) Conserv Biol , vol.20 , pp. 1507-1515
    • Ozaki, K.1    Isono, M.2    Kawahara, T.3
  • 55
    • 1042267736 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus-a good candidate for an umbrella species in taiga forests
    • T Pakkala J Pellikka H Lindén 2003 Capercaillie Tetrao urogallus-a good candidate for an umbrella species in taiga forests Wildlife Biol 9 309 316
    • (2003) Wildlife Biol , vol.9 , pp. 309-316
    • Pakkala, T.1    Pellikka, J.2    Lindén, H.3
  • 56
    • 33745308229 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Targets for maintenance of dead wood for biodiversity conservation based on extinction thresholds
    • 10.1080/02827580600688269
    • T Ranius L Fahrig 2006 Targets for maintenance of dead wood for biodiversity conservation based on extinction thresholds Scand J Forest Res 21 201 208 10.1080/02827580600688269
    • (2006) Scand J Forest Res , vol.21 , pp. 201-208
    • Ranius, T.1    Fahrig, L.2
  • 57
    • 0346281498 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • How much time is required to survey land birds in forest-dominated atlas squares?
    • J-M Roberge S Svensson 2003 How much time is required to survey land birds in forest-dominated atlas squares? Ornis Fennica 80 111 120
    • (2003) Ornis Fennica , vol.80 , pp. 111-120
    • Roberge, J.-M.1    Svensson, S.2
  • 58
    • 1242288085 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Usefulness of the umbrella species concept as a conservation tool
    • 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00450.x
    • J-M Roberge P Angelstam 2004 Usefulness of the umbrella species concept as a conservation tool Conserv Biol 18 76 85 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2004.00450.x
    • (2004) Conserv Biol , vol.18 , pp. 76-85
    • Roberge, J.-M.1    Angelstam, P.2
  • 59
    • 33645088728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Indicator species among resident forest birds-a cross-regional evaluation in northern Europe
    • 10.1016/j.biocon.2005.12.008
    • J-M Roberge P Angelstam 2006 Indicator species among resident forest birds-a cross-regional evaluation in northern Europe Biol Conserv 130 134 147 10.1016/j.biocon.2005.12.008
    • (2006) Biol Conserv , vol.130 , pp. 134-147
    • Roberge, J.-M.1    Angelstam, P.2
  • 60
    • 41949129618 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Specialised woodpeckers and naturalness in hemiboreal forests-deriving quantitative targets for conservation planning
    • J-M Roberge P Angelstam M-A Villard 2008 Specialised woodpeckers and naturalness in hemiboreal forests-deriving quantitative targets for conservation planning Biol Conserv 141 997 1012
    • (2008) Biol Conserv , vol.141 , pp. 997-1012
    • Roberge, J.-M.1    Angelstam, P.2    Villard, M.-A.3
  • 62
    • 14744284011 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tree diameter distributions in natural and managed old Pinus sylvestris-dominated forests
    • 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.11.021
    • S Rouvinen T Kuuluvainen 2005 Tree diameter distributions in natural and managed old Pinus sylvestris-dominated forests Forest Ecol Manag 208 45 61 10.1016/j.foreco.2004.11.021
    • (2005) Forest Ecol Manag , vol.208 , pp. 45-61
    • Rouvinen, S.1    Kuuluvainen, T.2
  • 63
    • 0037544542 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Planning open spaces for wildlife 2: Modeling and verifying focal species habitat
    • 10.1016/S0169-2046(02) 00203-7
    • MJ Rubino GR Hess 2003 Planning open spaces for wildlife 2: modeling and verifying focal species habitat Landsc Urban Plan 64 89 104 10.1016/S0169- 2046(02) 00203-7
    • (2003) Landsc Urban Plan , vol.64 , pp. 89-104
    • Rubino, M.J.1    Hess, G.R.2
  • 64
    • 0002033692 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Forest management, coarse woody debris and saproxylic organisms: Fennoscandian boreal forests as an example
    • J Siitonen 2001 Forest management, coarse woody debris and saproxylic organisms: Fennoscandian boreal forests as an example Ecol Bull 49 11 41
    • (2001) Ecol Bull , vol.49 , pp. 11-41
    • Siitonen, J.1
  • 65
    • 48549105760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Statistics Sweden Statistics Sweden, Stockholm. Accessed 20 Jun 2006
    • Statistics Sweden (2006) Protected nature 2004. Statistics Sweden, Stockholm. http://www.scb.se/templates/Publikation_156597.asp. Accessed 20 Jun 2006.
    • (2006) Protected Nature 2004
  • 66
    • 0036273226 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and avian biodiversity: Testing the umbrella-species concept
    • 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.01129.x
    • W Suter RF Graf R Hess 2002 Capercaillie (Tetrao urogallus) and avian biodiversity: testing the umbrella-species concept Conserv Biol 16 778 788 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2002.01129.x
    • (2002) Conserv Biol , vol.16 , pp. 778-788
    • Suter, W.1    Graf, R.F.2    Hess, R.3
  • 68
    • 48549096504 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sweden's County Administrations Sweden's County Administrations, Stockholm. Accessed 20 Jun 2006
    • Sweden's County Administrations (2006) GISdata från länsstyrelserna. Sweden's County Administrations, Stockholm. http://www.gis.lst.se/lstgis/. Accessed 20 Jun 2006.
    • (2006) GISdata Från Länsstyrelserna
  • 69
    • 0027808279 scopus 로고
    • Population contraction of the white-backed woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos in Finland as a consequence of habitat alteration
    • 10.1016/0006-3207(93) 90133-L
    • R Virkkala T Alanko T Laine J Tiainen 1993 Population contraction of the white-backed woodpecker Dendrocopos leucotos in Finland as a consequence of habitat alteration Biol Conserv 66 47 53 10.1016/0006-3207(93) 90133-L
    • (1993) Biol Conserv , vol.66 , pp. 47-53
    • Virkkala, R.1    Alanko, T.2    Laine, T.3    Tiainen, J.4
  • 70
    • 2342551685 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Snag importance for woodpeckers in deciduous stands of the Białowieża forest
    • (in Polish with English summary)
    • W Walankiewicz D Czeszczewik C Mitrus E Bida 2002 Snag importance for woodpeckers in deciduous stands of the Białowieża forest Notatki Ornitologiczne 43 61 71 (in Polish with English summary)
    • (2002) Notatki Ornitologiczne , vol.43 , pp. 61-71
    • Walankiewicz, W.1    Czeszczewik, D.2    Mitrus, C.3    Bida, E.4
  • 71
    • 0036203921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tourism and flagship species in conservation
    • 10.1023/A:1014864708777
    • MJ Walpole N Leader-Williams 2002 Tourism and flagship species in conservation Biodivers Conserv 11 543 547 10.1023/A:1014864708777
    • (2002) Biodivers Conserv , vol.11 , pp. 543-547
    • Walpole, M.J.1    Leader-Williams, N.2
  • 72
    • 2542419441 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Species distributions, surrogacy, and important conservation regions in Canada
    • 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00590.x
    • LD Warman DM Forsyth ARE Sinclair 2004 Species distributions, surrogacy, and important conservation regions in Canada Ecol Lett 7 374 379 10.1111/j.1461-0248.2004.00590.x
    • (2004) Ecol Lett , vol.7 , pp. 374-379
    • Warman, L.D.1    Forsyth, D.M.2    Sinclair, A.R.E.3
  • 73
    • 0034800722 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • An assessment of the focal-species approach for conserving birds in variegated landscapes in southeastern Australia
    • 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.00166.x
    • J Watson D Freudenberger D Paull 2001 An assessment of the focal-species approach for conserving birds in variegated landscapes in southeastern Australia Conserv Biol 15 1364 1373 10.1046/j.1523-1739.2001.00166.x
    • (2001) Conserv Biol , vol.15 , pp. 1364-1373
    • Watson, J.1    Freudenberger, D.2    Paull, D.3
  • 74
    • 0029478546 scopus 로고
    • Ecology and behaviour of white-backed woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos) in a primaeval temperate forest (Białowieża National Park, Poland)
    • T Wesołowski 1995 Ecology and behaviour of white-backed woodpecker (Dendrocopos leucotos) in a primaeval temperate forest (Białowieża National Park, Poland) Die Vogelwarte 38 61 75
    • (1995) Die Vogelwarte , vol.38 , pp. 61-75
    • Wesołowski, T.1
  • 75
    • 7544225477 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Avian community response to pine-grassland restoration
    • 10.2193/0091-7648(2004) 032[0819:ACRTPR]2.0.CO;2
    • DR Wood LW Burger JL Bowman CL Hardy 2004 Avian community response to pine-grassland restoration Wildlife Soc B 32 819 829 10.2193/0091-7648(2004) 032[0819:ACRTPR]2.0.CO;2
    • (2004) Wildlife Soc B , vol.32 , pp. 819-829
    • Wood, D.R.1    Burger, L.W.2    Bowman, J.L.3    Hardy, C.L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.