메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 9, Issue 7, 2008, Pages 597-605

Affective Analgesia Following Muscarinic Activation of the Ventral Tegmental Area in Rats

Author keywords

acetylcholine; carbachol; emotion; muscarinic receptors; reinforcement; Ventral tegmental area; vocalization

Indexed keywords

ATROPINE; CARBACHOL; CHOLINERGIC RECEPTOR STIMULATING AGENT; MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR; MUSCARINIC RECEPTOR BLOCKING AGENT;

EID: 45549095088     PISSN: 15265900     EISSN: 15288447     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2008.01.334     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (22)

References (59)
  • 1
    • 0031978937 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine receptor antagonists in the nucleus accumbens attenuate analgesia induced by ventral tegmental area substance P or morphine and by nucleus accumbens amphetamine
    • Altier N., and Stewart J. Dopamine receptor antagonists in the nucleus accumbens attenuate analgesia induced by ventral tegmental area substance P or morphine and by nucleus accumbens amphetamine. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 285 (1998) 208-215
    • (1998) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.285 , pp. 208-215
    • Altier, N.1    Stewart, J.2
  • 2
    • 0033595751 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens in analgesia
    • Altier N., and Stewart J. The role of dopamine in the nucleus accumbens in analgesia. Life Sci 65 (1999) 2269-2287
    • (1999) Life Sci , vol.65 , pp. 2269-2287
    • Altier, N.1    Stewart, J.2
  • 3
    • 0031627346 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The catecholaminergic innervation of the rat amygdala
    • Asan E. The catecholaminergic innervation of the rat amygdala. Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol 142 (1998) 1-118
    • (1998) Adv Anat Embryol Cell Biol , vol.142 , pp. 1-118
    • Asan, E.1
  • 4
    • 0037143440 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deletion of the M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor attenuates morphine reinforcement and withdrawal but not morphine analgesia
    • Basile A.S., Fedorova I., Zapata A., Liu X., Shippenberg T., Duttaroy A., Yamada M., and Wess J. Deletion of the M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor attenuates morphine reinforcement and withdrawal but not morphine analgesia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99 (2002) 11452-11457
    • (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.99 , pp. 11452-11457
    • Basile, A.S.1    Fedorova, I.2    Zapata, A.3    Liu, X.4    Shippenberg, T.5    Duttaroy, A.6    Yamada, M.7    Wess, J.8
  • 5
    • 0027323812 scopus 로고
    • The capacity of motor reflex and vocalization thresholds to support avoidance conditioning in the rat
    • Borszcz G.S. The capacity of motor reflex and vocalization thresholds to support avoidance conditioning in the rat. Behav Neurosci 107 (1993) 678-693
    • (1993) Behav Neurosci , vol.107 , pp. 678-693
    • Borszcz, G.S.1
  • 6
    • 0029098132 scopus 로고
    • Pavlovian conditional vocalizations of the rat: A model system for analyzing the fear of pain
    • Borszcz G.S. Pavlovian conditional vocalizations of the rat: A model system for analyzing the fear of pain. Behav Neurosci 109 (1995) 648-662
    • (1995) Behav Neurosci , vol.109 , pp. 648-662
    • Borszcz, G.S.1
  • 7
    • 0029035123 scopus 로고
    • Increases in vocalization and motor reflex thresholds are influenced by the site of morphine microinjection: Comparisons following administration into the periaqueductal gray, ventral medulla, and spinal subarachnoid space
    • Borszcz G.S. Increases in vocalization and motor reflex thresholds are influenced by the site of morphine microinjection: Comparisons following administration into the periaqueductal gray, ventral medulla, and spinal subarachnoid space. Behav Neurosci 109 (1995) 502-522
    • (1995) Behav Neurosci , vol.109 , pp. 502-522
    • Borszcz, G.S.1
  • 8
    • 0032814376 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential contributions of medullary, thalamic, and amygdaloid serotonin to the antinociceptive action of morphine administered into the periaqueductal gray: A model of morphine analgesia
    • Borszcz G.S. Differential contributions of medullary, thalamic, and amygdaloid serotonin to the antinociceptive action of morphine administered into the periaqueductal gray: A model of morphine analgesia. Behav Neurosci 113 (1999) 612-631
    • (1999) Behav Neurosci , vol.113 , pp. 612-631
    • Borszcz, G.S.1
  • 9
    • 33744552527 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Contribution of the ventromedial hypothalamus to generation of the affective dimension of pain
    • Borszcz G.S. Contribution of the ventromedial hypothalamus to generation of the affective dimension of pain. Pain 123 (2006) 155-168
    • (2006) Pain , vol.123 , pp. 155-168
    • Borszcz, G.S.1
  • 10
    • 0026488389 scopus 로고
    • Characterization of tail shock elicited withdrawal reflexes in intact and spinal rats
    • Borszcz G.S., Johnson C.P., Anderson M.E., and Young B.J. Characterization of tail shock elicited withdrawal reflexes in intact and spinal rats. Physiol Behav 52 (1992) 1055-1062
    • (1992) Physiol Behav , vol.52 , pp. 1055-1062
    • Borszcz, G.S.1    Johnson, C.P.2    Anderson, M.E.3    Young, B.J.4
  • 11
    • 0028150695 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of motor reflex and vocalization thresholds following systemically administered morphine, fentanyl, and diazepam in the rat: assessment of sensory and performance variables
    • Borszcz G.S., Johnson C.P., and Fahey K.A. Comparison of motor reflex and vocalization thresholds following systemically administered morphine, fentanyl, and diazepam in the rat: assessment of sensory and performance variables. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 49 (1994) 827-834
    • (1994) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.49 , pp. 827-834
    • Borszcz, G.S.1    Johnson, C.P.2    Fahey, K.A.3
  • 12
    • 0029915062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The differential contribution of spinopetal projections to increases in vocalization and motor reflex thresholds generated by the microinjection of morphine into the periaqueductal gray
    • Borszcz G.S., Johnson C.P., and Thorp M.V. The differential contribution of spinopetal projections to increases in vocalization and motor reflex thresholds generated by the microinjection of morphine into the periaqueductal gray. Behav Neurosci 110 (1996) 368-388
    • (1996) Behav Neurosci , vol.110 , pp. 368-388
    • Borszcz, G.S.1    Johnson, C.P.2    Thorp, M.V.3
  • 13
    • 0029832675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increases in vocalization and motor reflex thresholds generated by the intrathecal administration of serotonin or norepinephrine
    • Borszcz G.S., Johnson C.P., and Williams D.H. Increases in vocalization and motor reflex thresholds generated by the intrathecal administration of serotonin or norepinephrine. Behav Neurosci 110 (1996) 809-822
    • (1996) Behav Neurosci , vol.110 , pp. 809-822
    • Borszcz, G.S.1    Johnson, C.P.2    Williams, D.H.3
  • 14
    • 0037401401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of amygdala lesions on conditional and unconditional vocalizations in rats
    • Borszcz G.S., and Leaton R.N. The effect of amygdala lesions on conditional and unconditional vocalizations in rats. Neurobiol Learn Memory 79 (2003) 212-225
    • (2003) Neurobiol Learn Memory , vol.79 , pp. 212-225
    • Borszcz, G.S.1    Leaton, R.N.2
  • 15
    • 0024367117 scopus 로고
    • Nicotinic excitation of rat ventral tegmental neurones in vitro studied by intracellular recording
    • Calabresi P., Lacey M.G., and North R.A. Nicotinic excitation of rat ventral tegmental neurones in vitro studied by intracellular recording. Br J Pharmacol 98 (1989) 135-140
    • (1989) Br J Pharmacol , vol.98 , pp. 135-140
    • Calabresi, P.1    Lacey, M.G.2    North, R.A.3
  • 16
    • 0001458105 scopus 로고
    • Observations on the neuropharmacology of morphine and morphine-like analgesia
    • Carroll M.N., and Lim K.S. Observations on the neuropharmacology of morphine and morphine-like analgesia. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther 125 (1960) 383-403
    • (1960) Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther , vol.125 , pp. 383-403
    • Carroll, M.N.1    Lim, K.S.2
  • 17
    • 0035424943 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Therapeutic opportunities from muscarinic receptor research
    • Eglen R.M., Choppin A., and Watson N. Therapeutic opportunities from muscarinic receptor research. Trends Pharmacol Sci 22 (2001) 409-414
    • (2001) Trends Pharmacol Sci , vol.22 , pp. 409-414
    • Eglen, R.M.1    Choppin, A.2    Watson, N.3
  • 18
    • 0021800728 scopus 로고
    • Odors released by stressed rats produce opioid analgesia in unstressed rats
    • Fanselow M.S. Odors released by stressed rats produce opioid analgesia in unstressed rats. Behav Neurosci 99 (1985) 589-592
    • (1985) Behav Neurosci , vol.99 , pp. 589-592
    • Fanselow, M.S.1
  • 19
    • 0033794295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laterodorsal tegmental stimulation elicits dopamine efflux in the rat nucleus accumbens by activation of acetylcholine and glutamate receptors in the ventral tegmental area
    • Forster G.L., and Blaha C.D. Laterodorsal tegmental stimulation elicits dopamine efflux in the rat nucleus accumbens by activation of acetylcholine and glutamate receptors in the ventral tegmental area. Eur J Neurosci 12 (2000) 3596-3604
    • (2000) Eur J Neurosci , vol.12 , pp. 3596-3604
    • Forster, G.L.1    Blaha, C.D.2
  • 20
    • 0036134228 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M5 muscarinic receptors are required for prolonged accumbal dopamine release after electrical stimulation of the pons in mice
    • Forster G.L., Yeomans J.S., Takeuchi J., and Blaha C.D. M5 muscarinic receptors are required for prolonged accumbal dopamine release after electrical stimulation of the pons in mice. J Neurosci 22 (2002) RC190
    • (2002) J Neurosci , vol.22
    • Forster, G.L.1    Yeomans, J.S.2    Takeuchi, J.3    Blaha, C.D.4
  • 21
    • 0024423033 scopus 로고
    • Analgesia and the neural substrate of reward
    • Franklin K.B.J. Analgesia and the neural substrate of reward. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 13 (1989) 149-154
    • (1989) Neurosci Biobehav Rev , vol.13 , pp. 149-154
    • Franklin, K.B.J.1
  • 22
    • 0032052747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analgesia and abuse potential: An accidental association or a common substrate
    • Franklin K.B.J. Analgesia and abuse potential: An accidental association or a common substrate. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 59 (1998) 993-1002
    • (1998) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.59 , pp. 993-1002
    • Franklin, K.B.J.1
  • 23
    • 0033566716 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain-induced analgesia mediated by mesolimbic reward circuits
    • Gear R.W., Aley K.O., and Levine J.D. Pain-induced analgesia mediated by mesolimbic reward circuits. J Neurosci 19 (1999) 7175-7181
    • (1999) J Neurosci , vol.19 , pp. 7175-7181
    • Gear, R.W.1    Aley, K.O.2    Levine, J.D.3
  • 24
    • 0018097993 scopus 로고
    • Validity and sensitivity of ratio scales of sensory and affective verbal pain descriptors: Manipulation of affect by diazepam
    • Gracely R.H., McGrath P., and Dubner R. Validity and sensitivity of ratio scales of sensory and affective verbal pain descriptors: Manipulation of affect by diazepam. Pain 5 (1978) 19-29
    • (1978) Pain , vol.5 , pp. 19-29
    • Gracely, R.H.1    McGrath, P.2    Dubner, R.3
  • 25
    • 0031749164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of midbrain presumed dopaminergic neurons by muscarinic cholinergic receptors: An in vivo electrophysiological study in the rat
    • Gronier B., and Rasmussen K. Activation of midbrain presumed dopaminergic neurons by muscarinic cholinergic receptors: An in vivo electrophysiological study in the rat. Br J Pharmacol 124 (1998) 455-464
    • (1998) Br J Pharmacol , vol.124 , pp. 455-464
    • Gronier, B.1    Rasmussen, K.2
  • 26
    • 12344258777 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptors in the parafascicular nucleus suppresses the affective reaction of rats to noxious stimulation
    • Harte S.E., Kender R.G., and Borszcz G.S. Activation of 5-HT1A and 5-HT7 receptors in the parafascicular nucleus suppresses the affective reaction of rats to noxious stimulation. Pain 113 (2005) 405-415
    • (2005) Pain , vol.113 , pp. 405-415
    • Harte, S.E.1    Kender, R.G.2    Borszcz, G.S.3
  • 27
    • 0034683192 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antinociceptive effects of morphine injected into the nucleus parafascicularis thalami of the rat
    • Harte S.E., Lagman A.L., and Borszcz G.S. Antinociceptive effects of morphine injected into the nucleus parafascicularis thalami of the rat. Brain Res 874 (2000) 78-86
    • (2000) Brain Res , vol.874 , pp. 78-86
    • Harte, S.E.1    Lagman, A.L.2    Borszcz, G.S.3
  • 28
    • 0031975934 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antinociception following opioid stimulation of the basolateral amygdala is expressed through the periaqueductal gray and rostral ventromedial medulla
    • Helmstetter F.J., Tershner S.A., Poore L.H., and Bellgowan P.S. Antinociception following opioid stimulation of the basolateral amygdala is expressed through the periaqueductal gray and rostral ventromedial medulla. Brain Res 779 (1998) 104-118
    • (1998) Brain Res , vol.779 , pp. 104-118
    • Helmstetter, F.J.1    Tershner, S.A.2    Poore, L.H.3    Bellgowan, P.S.4
  • 29
    • 36148977592 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine reward circuitry: Two projection systems from the ventral midbrain to the nucleus accumbens-olfactory tubercle complex
    • Ikemoto S. Dopamine reward circuitry: Two projection systems from the ventral midbrain to the nucleus accumbens-olfactory tubercle complex. Brain Res Rev 56 (2007) 27-78
    • (2007) Brain Res Rev , vol.56 , pp. 27-78
    • Ikemoto, S.1
  • 30
    • 0037111865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rewarding effects of the cholinergic agents carbachol and neostigmine in the posterior ventral tegmental area
    • Ikemoto S., and Wise R.A. Rewarding effects of the cholinergic agents carbachol and neostigmine in the posterior ventral tegmental area. J Neurosci 22 (2002) 9895-9904
    • (2002) J Neurosci , vol.22 , pp. 9895-9904
    • Ikemoto, S.1    Wise, R.A.2
  • 31
    • 26944440083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attenuation of negative pain affect produced by unilateral spinal nerve injury in the rat following anterior cingulate cortex activation
    • LaBuda C.J., and Fuchs P.N. Attenuation of negative pain affect produced by unilateral spinal nerve injury in the rat following anterior cingulate cortex activation. Neuroscience 136 (2005) 311-322
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.136 , pp. 311-322
    • LaBuda, C.J.1    Fuchs, P.N.2
  • 32
    • 0025270550 scopus 로고
    • Muscarine depolarizes rat substantia nigra zona compacta and ventral tegmental neurons in vitro through M1-like receptors
    • Lacey M.G., Calabresi P., and North R.A. Muscarine depolarizes rat substantia nigra zona compacta and ventral tegmental neurons in vitro through M1-like receptors. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 253 (1990) 395-400
    • (1990) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.253 , pp. 395-400
    • Lacey, M.G.1    Calabresi, P.2    North, R.A.3
  • 33
    • 4344628621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dopamine and NMDA systems modulate long-term nociception in the rat anterior cingulate cortex
    • Lopez-Avila A., Coffeen U., Ortega-Legaspi J.M., del Angel R., and Pellicer F. Dopamine and NMDA systems modulate long-term nociception in the rat anterior cingulate cortex. Pain 111 (2004) 136-143
    • (2004) Pain , vol.111 , pp. 136-143
    • Lopez-Avila, A.1    Coffeen, U.2    Ortega-Legaspi, J.M.3    del Angel, R.4    Pellicer, F.5
  • 34
    • 0027985668 scopus 로고
    • Morphine analgesia in the formalin test: Evidence for forebrain and midbrain sites of action
    • Manning B.H., Morgan M.J., and Franklin K.B.J. Morphine analgesia in the formalin test: Evidence for forebrain and midbrain sites of action. Neuroscience 63 (1994) 289-294
    • (1994) Neuroscience , vol.63 , pp. 289-294
    • Manning, B.H.1    Morgan, M.J.2    Franklin, K.B.J.3
  • 35
    • 0023727615 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of ascending neurons containing dopamine and noradrenaline in the control of spontaneous activity and of evoked responses in the rat prefrontal cortex
    • Mantz J., Milla C., Glowinski J., and Thierry A.M. Differential effects of ascending neurons containing dopamine and noradrenaline in the control of spontaneous activity and of evoked responses in the rat prefrontal cortex. Neuroscience 27 (1988) 517-526
    • (1988) Neuroscience , vol.27 , pp. 517-526
    • Mantz, J.1    Milla, C.2    Glowinski, J.3    Thierry, A.M.4
  • 36
    • 45549094413 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of pain by stereotaxic methods, Confinia
    • Mark V.H., Ervin F.R., and Yakovlev P.I. The treatment of pain by stereotaxic methods, Confinia. Neurologica 22 (1962) 238-245
    • (1962) Neurologica , vol.22 , pp. 238-245
    • Mark, V.H.1    Ervin, F.R.2    Yakovlev, P.I.3
  • 37
    • 0025177345 scopus 로고
    • The tragedy of needless pain
    • Melzack R. The tragedy of needless pain. Sci Am 262 (1990) 27-33
    • (1990) Sci Am , vol.262 , pp. 27-33
    • Melzack, R.1
  • 38
    • 27744542546 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Midbrain muscarinic receptors modulate morphine-induced accumbal and striatal dopamine efflux in the rat
    • Miller A.D., Forster G.L., Yeomans J.S., and Blaha C.D. Midbrain muscarinic receptors modulate morphine-induced accumbal and striatal dopamine efflux in the rat. Neuroscience 136 (2005) 531-538
    • (2005) Neuroscience , vol.136 , pp. 531-538
    • Miller, A.D.1    Forster, G.L.2    Yeomans, J.S.3    Blaha, C.D.4
  • 39
    • 0025359334 scopus 로고
    • 6-Hydroxydopamine lesions of the ventral tegmentum abolish D-amphetamine and morphine analgesia in the formalin test but not in the tail flick test
    • Morgan M.J., and Franklin K.B.J. 6-Hydroxydopamine lesions of the ventral tegmentum abolish D-amphetamine and morphine analgesia in the formalin test but not in the tail flick test. Brain Res 519 (1990) 144-149
    • (1990) Brain Res , vol.519 , pp. 144-149
    • Morgan, M.J.1    Franklin, K.B.J.2
  • 40
    • 0037427811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Affective analgesia following the administration of morphine into the amygdala of rats
    • Nandigama P., and Borszcz G.S. Affective analgesia following the administration of morphine into the amygdala of rats. Brain Res 959 (2003) 343-354
    • (2003) Brain Res , vol.959 , pp. 343-354
    • Nandigama, P.1    Borszcz, G.S.2
  • 41
    • 0028172074 scopus 로고
    • Infusion of nicotine in the ventral tegmental area or the nucleus accumbens of the rat differentially affects accumbal dopamine release
    • Nisell M., Nomikos G.G., and Svensson T.H. Infusion of nicotine in the ventral tegmental area or the nucleus accumbens of the rat differentially affects accumbal dopamine release. Pharmacol Toxicol 75 (1994) 348-352
    • (1994) Pharmacol Toxicol , vol.75 , pp. 348-352
    • Nisell, M.1    Nomikos, G.G.2    Svensson, T.H.3
  • 42
    • 0023256181 scopus 로고
    • Ventral tegmental (A10) system: Neurobiology, 1: Anatomy and connectivity
    • Oades R.D., and Halliday G.M. Ventral tegmental (A10) system: Neurobiology, 1: Anatomy and connectivity. Brain Res 434 (1987) 117-165
    • (1987) Brain Res , vol.434 , pp. 117-165
    • Oades, R.D.1    Halliday, G.M.2
  • 43
    • 45549086421 scopus 로고
    • Symposium: Can the euphoric, analgetic and physical dependence of drugs be separated?
    • Oberst F. Symposium: Can the euphoric, analgetic and physical dependence of drugs be separated?. Fed Am Soc Exp Biol Proc 2 (1943) 187-203
    • (1943) Fed Am Soc Exp Biol Proc , vol.2 , pp. 187-203
    • Oberst, F.1
  • 44
    • 13244287714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Laterodorsal tegmental projections to identified cell populations in the rat ventral tegmental area
    • Omelchenko N., and Sesack S.R. Laterodorsal tegmental projections to identified cell populations in the rat ventral tegmental area. J Comp Neurol 483 (2005) 217-235
    • (2005) J Comp Neurol , vol.483 , pp. 217-235
    • Omelchenko, N.1    Sesack, S.R.2
  • 45
    • 21444443526 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential modulation of anterior cingulate cortical activity by afferents from ventral tegmental area and mediodorsal thalamus
    • Onn S.P., and Wang X.B. Differential modulation of anterior cingulate cortical activity by afferents from ventral tegmental area and mediodorsal thalamus. Eur J Neurosci 21 (2005) 2975-2992
    • (2005) Eur J Neurosci , vol.21 , pp. 2975-2992
    • Onn, S.P.1    Wang, X.B.2
  • 48
    • 0033984456 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Acetylcholine release in ventral tegmental area by hypothalamic self-stimulation, eating, and drinking
    • Rada P.V., Mark G.P., Yeomans J.S., and Hoebel B.G. Acetylcholine release in ventral tegmental area by hypothalamic self-stimulation, eating, and drinking. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 65 (2000) 375-379
    • (2000) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.65 , pp. 375-379
    • Rada, P.V.1    Mark, G.P.2    Yeomans, J.S.3    Hoebel, B.G.4
  • 49
    • 0017161859 scopus 로고
    • Potentiation of central reward by localised perfusion of acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine
    • Redgrave P., and Horrell R.I. Potentiation of central reward by localised perfusion of acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine. Nature 262 (1976) 305-307
    • (1976) Nature , vol.262 , pp. 305-307
    • Redgrave, P.1    Horrell, R.I.2
  • 50
    • 0030569029 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formalin- and carrageenan-induced inflammation attenuates place preferences produced by morphine, methamphetamine and cocaine
    • Suzuki T., Kishimoto Y., and Misawa M. Formalin- and carrageenan-induced inflammation attenuates place preferences produced by morphine, methamphetamine and cocaine. Life Sci 59 (1996) 1667-1674
    • (1996) Life Sci , vol.59 , pp. 1667-1674
    • Suzuki, T.1    Kishimoto, Y.2    Misawa, M.3
  • 51
    • 0018880462 scopus 로고
    • Central mechanisms of chronic pain (neuralgias and certain other neurogenic pain)
    • Bonica J.J. (Ed), Raven Press, New York, NY
    • Sweet W.H. Central mechanisms of chronic pain (neuralgias and certain other neurogenic pain). In: Bonica J.J. (Ed). Pain (1980), Raven Press, New York, NY 287-303
    • (1980) Pain , pp. 287-303
    • Sweet, W.H.1
  • 53
    • 0025313499 scopus 로고
    • Localization of m5 muscarinic receptor mRNA in rat brain examined by in situ hybridization histochemistry
    • Vilaro M.T., Palacios J.M., and Mengod G. Localization of m5 muscarinic receptor mRNA in rat brain examined by in situ hybridization histochemistry. Neurosci Lett 114 (1990) 154-159
    • (1990) Neurosci Lett , vol.114 , pp. 154-159
    • Vilaro, M.T.1    Palacios, J.M.2    Mengod, G.3
  • 54
    • 0031968889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The pharmacology of mesocortical dopamine neurons: A dual-probe microdialysis study in the ventral tegmental area and prefrontal cortex of the rat brain
    • Westerink B.H., Enrico P., Feimann J., and deVries J.B. The pharmacology of mesocortical dopamine neurons: A dual-probe microdialysis study in the ventral tegmental area and prefrontal cortex of the rat brain. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 285 (1998) 143-154
    • (1998) J Pharmacol Exp Ther , vol.285 , pp. 143-154
    • Westerink, B.H.1    Enrico, P.2    Feimann, J.3    deVries, J.B.4
  • 56
    • 0024553362 scopus 로고
    • Brain dopamine and reward
    • Wise R.A., and Rompre P.P. Brain dopamine and reward. Ann Rev Psychol 40 (1989) 191-225
    • (1989) Ann Rev Psychol , vol.40 , pp. 191-225
    • Wise, R.A.1    Rompre, P.P.2
  • 57
    • 0030847966 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors in ventral tegmental area contribute to brain-stimulation reward
    • Yeomans J.S., and Baptista M. Both nicotinic and muscarinic receptors in ventral tegmental area contribute to brain-stimulation reward. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 57 (1997) 915-921
    • (1997) Pharmacol Biochem Behav , vol.57 , pp. 915-921
    • Yeomans, J.S.1    Baptista, M.2
  • 58
    • 0035958088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • M5 muscarinic receptors are needed for slow activation of dopamine neurons and for rewarding brain stimulation
    • Yeomans J.S., Forster G., and Blaha C. M5 muscarinic receptors are needed for slow activation of dopamine neurons and for rewarding brain stimulation. Life Sci 68 (2001) 2449-2456
    • (2001) Life Sci , vol.68 , pp. 2449-2456
    • Yeomans, J.S.1    Forster, G.2    Blaha, C.3
  • 59
    • 0021979098 scopus 로고
    • Cholinergic involvement in lateral hypothalamic rewarding brain stimulation
    • Yeomans J.S., Kofman O., and McFarlane V. Cholinergic involvement in lateral hypothalamic rewarding brain stimulation. Brain Res 329 (1985) 19-26
    • (1985) Brain Res , vol.329 , pp. 19-26
    • Yeomans, J.S.1    Kofman, O.2    McFarlane, V.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.