메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 45, Issue 4, 2008, Pages 632-642

Probing attentional dysfunctions in schizophrenia: Startle modification during a continuous performance test

Author keywords

Automatic processing; Continuous performance test; Controlled processing; Prepulse inhibition; Schizophrenia; Selective attention; Startle eyeblink modification

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ASSOCIATION; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; FEMALE; HUMAN; MALE; PERFORMANCE; PREPULSE INHIBITION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SCHIZOPHRENIA; STARTLE REFLEX; STIMULUS RESPONSE;

EID: 45149101643     PISSN: 00485772     EISSN: 14698986     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.2008.00653.x     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (16)

References (66)
  • 1
    • 0001351156 scopus 로고
    • Off line latency and amplitude scoring of the human reflex eyeblink with FORTRAN IV [Abstract]
    • Balaban, M. T., Losito, B., Simons, R. F. Graham, F. K. (1986). Off line latency and amplitude scoring of the human reflex eyeblink with FORTRAN IV [Abstract]. Psychophysiology, 23, 612.
    • (1986) Psychophysiology , vol.23 , pp. 612
    • Balaban, M.T.1    Losito, B.2    Simons, R.F.3    Graham, F.K.4
  • 4
    • 0002133494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short lead interval startle modification
    • In. M. E. Dawson, A. M. Schell. A. H. Bohmelt. (Eds.), pp.). New York: Cambridge University Press.
    • Blumenthal, T. D. (1999). Short lead interval startle modification. In M. E. Dawson, A. M. Schell A. H. Bohmelt (Eds.), Startle modification (pp. 51 71). New York: Cambridge University Press.
    • (1999) Startle Modification , pp. 51-71
    • Blumenthal, T.D.1
  • 5
    • 0345085551 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional modulation of short- and long-lead-interval modification of the acoustic startle eyeblink response: Comparing auditory and visual prestimuli
    • Bohmelt, A. H., Schell, A. M. Dawson, M. E. (1999). Attentional modulation of short- and long-lead-interval modification of the acoustic startle eyeblink response: Comparing auditory and visual prestimuli. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 32, 239 250.
    • (1999) International Journal of Psychophysiology , vol.32 , pp. 239-250
    • Bohmelt, A.H.1    Schell, A.M.2    Dawson, M.E.3
  • 6
    • 0025190458 scopus 로고
    • Sensorimotor gating and schizophrenia: Human and animal model studies
    • Braff, D. L. Geyer, M. (1990). Sensorimotor gating and schizophrenia: Human and animal model studies. Archives of General Psychiatry, 47, 181 188.
    • (1990) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 181-188
    • Braff, D.L.1    Geyer, M.2
  • 7
    • 0035870801 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Impact of prepulse characteristics on the detection of sensorimotor gating deficits in schizophrenia
    • Braff, D. L., Geyer, M. A., Light, G. A., Sprock, J., Perry, W., Cadenhead, K. S., et al 2001). Impact of prepulse characteristics on the detection of sensorimotor gating deficits in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 49, 171 178.
    • (2001) Schizophrenia Research , vol.49 , pp. 171-178
    • Braff, D.L.1    Geyer, M.A.2    Light, G.A.3    Sprock, J.4    Perry, W.5    Cadenhead, K.S.6
  • 8
    • 0034891977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human studies of prepulse inhibition of startle: Normal subjects, patient groups, and pharmacological studies
    • Braff, D. L., Geyer, M. A. Swerdlow, N. R. (2001). Human studies of prepulse inhibition of startle: Normal subjects, patient groups, and pharmacological studies. Psychopharmacology, 156, 234 258.
    • (2001) Psychopharmacology , vol.156 , pp. 234-258
    • Braff, D.L.1    Geyer, M.A.2    Swerdlow, N.R.3
  • 9
    • 0026581360 scopus 로고
    • Gating and habituation of the startle reflex in schizophrenic patients
    • Braff, D. L., Grillon, C. Geyer, M. A. (1992). Gating and habituation of the startle reflex in schizophrenic patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 49, 206 215.
    • (1992) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.49 , pp. 206-215
    • Braff, D.L.1    Grillon, C.2    Geyer, M.A.3
  • 10
    • 0018120068 scopus 로고
    • Prestimulus effects on human startle reflex in normals and schizophrenics
    • Braff, D., Stone, C., Callaway, E., Geyer, M., Glick, I. Bali, L. (1978). Prestimulus effects on human startle reflex in normals and schizophrenics. Psychophysiology, 15, 339 343.
    • (1978) Psychophysiology , vol.15 , pp. 339-343
    • Braff, D.1    Stone, C.2    Callaway, E.3    Geyer, M.4    Glick, I.5    Bali, L.6
  • 11
    • 0032908295 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Symptom correlates of prepulse inhibition deficits in male schizophrenic patients
    • Braff, D. L., Swerdlow, N. R. Geyer, M. A. (1999). Symptom correlates of prepulse inhibition deficits in male schizophrenic patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 596 602.
    • (1999) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 596-602
    • Braff, D.L.1    Swerdlow, N.R.2    Geyer, M.A.3
  • 12
    • 0025058695 scopus 로고
    • Glucose metabolic rate in normals and schizophrenics during the Continuous Performance Test assessed by positron emission tomography
    • Buchsbaum, M. S., Nuechterlein, K. H., Haier, R. J., Wu, J., Sicotte, N., Hazlett, E., et al 1990). Glucose metabolic rate in normals and schizophrenics during the Continuous Performance Test assessed by positron emission tomography. British Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 216 227.
    • (1990) British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.156 , pp. 216-227
    • Buchsbaum, M.S.1    Nuechterlein, K.H.2    Haier, R.J.3    Wu, J.4    Sicotte, N.5    Hazlett, E.6
  • 13
    • 0027490265 scopus 로고
    • Impaired startle prepulse inhibition and habituation in patients with schizotypal personality disorder
    • Cadenhead, K. S., Geyer, M. A. Braff, D. L. (1993). Impaired startle prepulse inhibition and habituation in patients with schizotypal personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 150, 1862 1867.
    • (1993) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.150 , pp. 1862-1867
    • Cadenhead, K.S.1    Geyer, M.A.2    Braff, D.L.3
  • 14
    • 0033806859 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modulation of the startle response and startle laterality in relatives of schizophrenic patients and in subjects with schizotypal personality disorder: Evidence of inhibitory deficits
    • Cadenhead, K. S., Swerdlow, N. R., Shafer, K. M., Diaz, M. Braff, D. L. (2000). Modulation of the startle response and startle laterality in relatives of schizophrenic patients and in subjects with schizotypal personality disorder: Evidence of inhibitory deficits. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 1660 1668.
    • (2000) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.157 , pp. 1660-1668
    • Cadenhead, K.S.1    Swerdlow, N.R.2    Shafer, K.M.3    Diaz, M.4    Braff, D.L.5
  • 15
    • 0020035060 scopus 로고
    • An information processing model for schizophrenia
    • Callaway, E. Naghdi, S. (1982). An information processing model for schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 339 347.
    • (1982) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.39 , pp. 339-347
    • Callaway, E.1    Naghdi, S.2
  • 17
  • 18
    • 0002028952 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cognitive, clinical, and neurophysiological implications of startle modification
    • In. P. J. Lang, R. F. Simons. M. T. Balaban. (Eds.), pp.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • Dawson, M. E., Schell, A. M., Swerdlow, N. R. Filion, D. L. (1997). Cognitive, clinical, and neurophysiological implications of startle modification. In P. J. Lang, R. F. Simons M. T. Balaban (Eds.), Attention and orienting: Sensory and Motivational Processes (pp. 257 275). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1997) Attention and Orienting: Sensory and Motivational Processes , pp. 257-275
    • Dawson, M.E.1    Schell, A.M.2    Swerdlow, N.R.3    Filion, D.L.4
  • 19
    • 0019161546 scopus 로고
    • Attentional factors in the inhibition of a reflex by a visual stimulus
    • DelPezzo, E. M. Hoffman, H. S. (1980). Attentional factors in the inhibition of a reflex by a visual stimulus. Science, 210, 673 674.
    • (1980) Science , vol.210 , pp. 673-674
    • Delpezzo, E.M.1    Hoffman, H.S.2
  • 20
    • 0027327380 scopus 로고
    • Modification of the acoustic startle-reflex eyeblink: A tool for investigating early and late attentional processes
    • Filion, D. L., Dawson, M. E. Schell, A. M. (1993). Modification of the acoustic startle-reflex eyeblink: A tool for investigating early and late attentional processes. Biological Psychology, 35, 185 200.
    • (1993) Biological Psychology , vol.35 , pp. 185-200
    • Filion, D.L.1    Dawson, M.E.2    Schell, A.M.3
  • 21
    • 0018387873 scopus 로고
    • Consciousness, information processing and schizophrenia
    • Frith, C. D. (1979). Consciousness, information processing and schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 134, 225 235.
    • (1979) British Journal of Psychiatry , vol.134 , pp. 225-235
    • Frith, C.D.1
  • 22
    • 0033602910 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failures of autonomic and strategic processing in schizophrenia: Comparisons of event-related potential and startle blink modification
    • Ford, J. M., Roth, W. T. Pfefferbaum, A. (1999). Failures of autonomic and strategic processing in schizophrenia: Comparisons of event-related potential and startle blink modification. Schizophrenia Research, 37, 149 163.
    • (1999) Schizophrenia Research , vol.37 , pp. 149-163
    • Ford, J.M.1    Roth, W.T.2    Pfefferbaum, A.3
  • 23
    • 0016504948 scopus 로고
    • Presidential Address, 1974. the more or less startling effects of weak prestimulation
    • Graham, F. K. (1975). Presidential Address, 1974. The more or less startling effects of weak prestimulation. Psychophysiology, 12, 238 248.
    • (1975) Psychophysiology , vol.12 , pp. 238-248
    • Graham, F.K.1
  • 24
    • 0001381161 scopus 로고
    • Distinguishing among orienting, defense, and startle reflexes
    • In. H. D. Kimmel, E. H. v. Olst. J. F. Orlebeke. (Eds.), pp.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • Graham, F. K. (1979). Distinguishing among orienting, defense, and startle reflexes. In H. D. Kimmel, E. H. v. Olst J. F. Orlebeke (Eds.), The orienting reflex in humans (pp. 137 167). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
    • (1979) The Orienting Reflex in Humans , pp. 137-167
    • Graham, F.K.1
  • 25
    • 0002004640 scopus 로고
    • Control of blink reflex excitability
    • In. R. F. Thompson, L. H. Hicks. V. B. Shvyrkov. (Eds.), pp.). New York: Academic Press.
    • Graham, F. K. (1980). Control of blink reflex excitability. In R. F. Thompson, L. H. Hicks V. B. Shvyrkov (Eds.), Neural mechanisms of goal-directed behavior and learning (pp. 511 519). New York: Academic Press.
    • (1980) Neural Mechanisms of Goal-directed Behavior and Learning , pp. 511-519
    • Graham, F.K.1
  • 27
    • 0015072958 scopus 로고
    • Non-parametric indexes for sensitivity and bias: Computing formulas
    • Grier, J. B. (1971). Non-parametric indexes for sensitivity and bias: Computing formulas. Psychological Bulletin, 75, 424 429.
    • (1971) Psychological Bulletin , vol.75 , pp. 424-429
    • Grier, J.B.1
  • 28
    • 0036255291 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional modification of short-lead prepulse inhibition and long-lead prepulse facilitation of acoustic startle among preadolescent boys
    • Hawk, L. W., Jr., Pelham, W. E., Jr. Yartz, A. R. (2002). Attentional modification of short-lead prepulse inhibition and long-lead prepulse facilitation of acoustic startle among preadolescent boys. Psychophysiology, 39, 333 339.
    • (2002) Psychophysiology , vol.39 , pp. 333-339
    • Hawk Jr., L.W.1    Pelham Jr., W.E.2    Yartz, A.R.3
  • 29
    • 4243654962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensorimotor gating deficits and hypofrontality in schizophrenia
    • Hazlett, E. A. Buchsbaum, M. S. (2001). Sensorimotor gating deficits and hypofrontality in schizophrenia. Frontiers in Bioscience, 6, D1069 1072.
    • (2001) Frontiers in Bioscience , vol.6
    • Hazlett, E.A.1    Buchsbaum, M.S.2
  • 30
    • 0031941351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prefrontal cortex glucose metabolism and startle eyeblink modification abnormalities in unmedicated schizophrenia patients
    • Hazlett, E. A., Buchsbaum, M. S., Haznedar, M. M., Singer, M. B., Germans, M. K., Schnur, D. B., et al 1998). Prefrontal cortex glucose metabolism and startle eyeblink modification abnormalities in unmedicated schizophrenia patients. Psychophysiology, 35, 186 198.
    • (1998) Psychophysiology , vol.35 , pp. 186-198
    • Hazlett, E.A.1    Buchsbaum, M.S.2    Haznedar, M.M.3    Singer, M.B.4    Germans, M.K.5    Schnur, D.B.6
  • 31
    • 0035881239 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thalamic activation during an attention-to-prepulse startle modification paradigm: A functional MRI study
    • Hazlett, E. A., Buchsbaum, M. S., Tang, C. Y., Fleischman, M. B., Wei, T. C., Byne, W., et al 2001). Thalamic activation during an attention-to-prepulse startle modification paradigm: A functional MRI study. Biological Psychiatry, 50, 281 291.
    • (2001) Biological Psychiatry , vol.50 , pp. 281-291
    • Hazlett, E.A.1    Buchsbaum, M.S.2    Tang, C.Y.3    Fleischman, M.B.4    Wei, T.C.5    Byne, W.6
  • 32
    • 0034977783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional stages of information processing during a continuous performance test: A startle modification analysis
    • Hazlett, E. A., Dawson, M. E., Schell, A. M. Nuechterlein, K. H. (2001). Attentional stages of information processing during a continuous performance test: A startle modification analysis. Psychophysiology, 38, 669 677.
    • (2001) Psychophysiology , vol.38 , pp. 669-677
    • Hazlett, E.A.1    Dawson, M.E.2    Schell, A.M.3    Nuechterlein, K.H.4
  • 33
    • 0642313110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficient attentional modulation of the startle response in patients with schizotypal personality disorder
    • Hazlett, E. A., Levine, J., Buchsbaum, M. S., Silverman, J. M., New, A., Sevin, E. M., et al 2003). Deficient attentional modulation of the startle response in patients with schizotypal personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 160, 1621 1626.
    • (2003) American Journal of Psychiatry , vol.160 , pp. 1621-1626
    • Hazlett, E.A.1    Levine, J.2    Buchsbaum, M.S.3    Silverman, J.M.4    New, A.5    Sevin, E.M.6
  • 34
    • 34249294864 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Deficient attentional modulation of startle eyeblink is associated with symptom severity in the schizophrenia spectrum
    • Hazlett, E. A., Romero, M. J., Haznedar, M.M, New, A.S, Goldstein, K.E, Newmark, R. E., et al 2007). Deficient attentional modulation of startle eyeblink is associated with symptom severity in the schizophrenia spectrum. Schizophrenia Research, 93, 288 295.
    • (2007) Schizophrenia Research , vol.93 , pp. 288-295
    • Hazlett, E.A.1    Romero, M.J.2    Haznedar, M.M.3    New, A.S.4    Goldstein, K.E.5    Newmark, R.E.6
  • 35
    • 33644631726 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of background and prepulse characteristics on prepulse inhibition and facilitation: Implications for neuropsychiatric research
    • Hsieh, M. H., Swerdlow, M. R. Braff, D. L. (2006). Effects of background and prepulse characteristics on prepulse inhibition and facilitation: Implications for neuropsychiatric research. Biological Psychiatry, 59, 555 559.
    • (2006) Biological Psychiatry , vol.59 , pp. 555-559
    • Hsieh, M.H.1    Swerdlow, M.R.2    Braff, D.L.3
  • 36
    • 0029931774 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tracking early and late stages of information processing: Contributions of startle eyeblink reflex modification
    • Jennings, P. D., Schell, A. M., Filion, D. L. Dawson, M. E. (1996). Tracking early and late stages of information processing: Contributions of startle eyeblink reflex modification. Psychophysiology, 33, 148 155.
    • (1996) Psychophysiology , vol.33 , pp. 148-155
    • Jennings, P.D.1    Schell, A.M.2    Filion, D.L.3    Dawson, M.E.4
  • 38
    • 0242669399 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural correlates of tactile prepulse inhibition: A functional MRI study in normal and schizophrenic subjects
    • Kumari, V., Gray, J. A., Geyer, M. A., Ffytche, D., Soni, W., Mitterschiffthaler, M. T., et al 2003). Neural correlates of tactile prepulse inhibition: A functional MRI study in normal and schizophrenic subjects. Psychiatry Research, 122, 99 113.
    • (2003) Psychiatry Research , vol.122 , pp. 99-113
    • Kumari, V.1    Gray, J.A.2    Geyer, M.A.3    Ffytche, D.4    Soni, W.5    Mitterschiffthaler, M.T.6
  • 39
    • 0036019541 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of typical and atypical antipsychotics on prepulse inhibition in schizophrenia: A critical evaluation of current evidence and directions for future research
    • Kumari, V. Sharma, T. (2002). Effects of typical and atypical antipsychotics on prepulse inhibition in schizophrenia: A critical evaluation of current evidence and directions for future research. Psychopharmacology, 162, 97 101.
    • (2002) Psychopharmacology , vol.162 , pp. 97-101
    • Kumari, V.1    Sharma, T.2
  • 40
    • 0037311550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional blink modulation in a reaction time task: Performance feedback, warning stimulus modality, and task difficulty
    • Lipp, O. V. Hardwick, S. A. (2003). Attentional blink modulation in a reaction time task: Performance feedback, warning stimulus modality, and task difficulty. Biological Psychology, 62, 115 132.
    • (2003) Biological Psychology , vol.62 , pp. 115-132
    • Lipp, O.V.1    Hardwick, S.A.2
  • 41
    • 2642544990 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional blink reflex modulation in a continuous performance task is modality specific
    • Lipp, O. V. Neumann, D. L. (2004). Attentional blink reflex modulation in a continuous performance task is modality specific. Psychophysiology, 41, 417 425.
    • (2004) Psychophysiology , vol.41 , pp. 417-425
    • Lipp, O.V.1    Neumann, D.L.2
  • 43
    • 0037141865 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of varying levels of mental workload on startle eyeblink modulation
    • Neumann, D. L. (2002). Effect of varying levels of mental workload on startle eyeblink modulation. Ergonomics, 45, 583 602.
    • (2002) Ergonomics , vol.45 , pp. 583-602
    • Neumann, D.L.1
  • 44
    • 0001516060 scopus 로고
    • Vigilance in schizophrenia and related disorders
    • In. pp.). New York: Elsevier Science.
    • Nuechterlein, K. H. (1991). Vigilance in schizophrenia and related disorders. In Handbook of schizophrenia (Vol. 5, pp. 397 433). New York: Elsevier Science.
    • (1991) Handbook of Schizophrenia , vol.5 , pp. 397-433
    • Nuechterlein, K.H.1
  • 45
    • 45149108160 scopus 로고
    • Continuous Performance Test (CPT) program for IBM-PC compatible microcomputers, 3-7 CPT Version. Los Angeles: University of California.
    • Nuechterlein, K. H. Asarnow, R. F. (1993). Continuous Performance Test (CPT) program for IBM-PC compatible microcomputers, 3-7 CPT Version. Los Angeles: University of California.
    • (1993)
    • Nuechterlein, K.H.1    Asarnow, R.F.2
  • 46
    • 0021295806 scopus 로고
    • A heuristic vulnerability/stress model of schizophrenic episodes
    • Nuechterlein, K. H. Dawson, M. E. (1984a). A heuristic vulnerability/stress model of schizophrenic episodes. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 10, 300 312.
    • (1984) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.10 , pp. 300-312
    • Nuechterlein, K.H.1    Dawson, M.E.2
  • 47
    • 0021304003 scopus 로고
    • Information processing and attentional functioning in the developmental course of schizophrenia disorders
    • Nuechterlein, K. H. Dawson, M. E. (1984b). Information processing and attentional functioning in the developmental course of schizophrenia disorders. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 10, 160 203.
    • (1984) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.10 , pp. 160-203
    • Nuechterlein, K.H.1    Dawson, M.E.2
  • 49
    • 0022540717 scopus 로고
    • Attentional vulnerability indicators, thought disorder, and negative symptoms
    • Nuechterlein, K. H., Edell, W. S., Norris, M. Dawson, M. E. (1986). Attentional vulnerability indicators, thought disorder, and negative symptoms. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 12, 408 426.
    • (1986) Schizophrenia Bulletin , vol.12 , pp. 408-426
    • Nuechterlein, K.H.1    Edell, W.S.2    Norris, M.3    Dawson, M.E.4
  • 50
    • 0014158440 scopus 로고
    • The effects of daily administration of carphenazine on attention in the schizophrenic patient
    • Orzack, M. H., Kornetsky, C. Freeman, H. (1967). The effects of daily administration of carphenazine on attention in the schizophrenic patient. Psychopharmacologia, 11, 31 38.
    • (1967) Psychopharmacologia , vol.11 , pp. 31-38
    • Orzack, M.H.1    Kornetsky, C.2    Freeman, H.3
  • 51
    • 0000503515 scopus 로고
    • The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale
    • Overall, J. Gorham, D. (1962). The Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale. Psychological Reports, 10, 799 812.
    • (1962) Psychological Reports , vol.10 , pp. 799-812
    • Overall, J.1    Gorham, D.2
  • 52
    • 0033048833 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensorimotor gating and thought disturbance measured in close temporal proximity in schizophrenic patients
    • Perry, W., Geyer, M. A. Braff, D. L. (1999). Sensorimotor gating and thought disturbance measured in close temporal proximity in schizophrenic patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 56, 277 281.
    • (1999) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.56 , pp. 277-281
    • Perry, W.1    Geyer, M.A.2    Braff, D.L.3
  • 53
    • 33644611674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sensorimotor gating and habituation of the startle response in schizophrenic patients randomly treated with amisulpride or olanzapine
    • Quednow, B. B., Wagner, M., Westheide, J., Beckmann, K., Bliesener, N., Maier, W., et al 2006). Sensorimotor gating and habituation of the startle response in schizophrenic patients randomly treated with amisulpride or olanzapine. Biological Psychiatry, 59, 536 545.
    • (2006) Biological Psychiatry , vol.59 , pp. 536-545
    • Quednow, B.B.1    Wagner, M.2    Westheide, J.3    Beckmann, K.4    Bliesener, N.5    Maier, W.6
  • 54
    • 26944452878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of perceptual processing demands on startle eyeblink modification
    • Rissling, A. J., Dawson, M. E., Schell, A. M. Nuechterlein, K. H. (2005). Effects of perceptual processing demands on startle eyeblink modification. Psychophysiology, 42, 440 446.
    • (2005) Psychophysiology , vol.42 , pp. 440-446
    • Rissling, A.J.1    Dawson, M.E.2    Schell, A.M.3    Nuechterlein, K.H.4
  • 55
    • 0041737572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sustained attention impairment correlates to gray matter decreases in first episode neuroleptic-naïve schizophrenic patients
    • Salgado-Pineda, P., Baeza, I., Pérez-Gómez, M., Vendrell, P., Junqué, C., Bargalló, N., et al 2003). Sustained attention impairment correlates to gray matter decreases in first episode neuroleptic-naïve schizophrenic patients. NeuroImage, 19, 365 375.
    • (2003) NeuroImage , vol.19 , pp. 365-375
    • Salgado-Pineda, P.1    Baeza, I.2    Pérez-Gómez, M.3    Vendrell, P.4    Junqué, C.5    Bargalló, N.6
  • 56
    • 0032500624 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Attentional improvement following quetiapine fumarate treatment in schizophrenia
    • Sax, K. W., Strakowski, S. M. Keck, P. E., Jr. (1998). Attentional improvement following quetiapine fumarate treatment in schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 33, 151 155.
    • (1998) Schizophrenia Research , vol.33 , pp. 151-155
    • Sax, K.W.1    Strakowski, S.M.2    Keck Jr., P.E.3
  • 57
    • 0028907909 scopus 로고
    • Attentional modulation of startle in psychosis-prone college students
    • Schell, A. M., Dawson, M. E., Hazlett, E. A. Filion, D. L. (1995). Attentional modulation of startle in psychosis-prone college students. Psychophysiology, 32, 266 273.
    • (1995) Psychophysiology , vol.32 , pp. 266-273
    • Schell, A.M.1    Dawson, M.E.2    Hazlett, E.A.3    Filion, D.L.4
  • 60
    • 0017756565 scopus 로고
    • Phenothiazine effects on psychological and psychophysiological dysfunction in chronic schizophrenics
    • Spohn, H. E., Lacoursiere, R. B., Thompson, K. Coyne, L. (1977). Phenothiazine effects on psychological and psychophysiological dysfunction in chronic schizophrenics. Archives of General Psychiatry, 34, 633 644.
    • (1977) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.34 , pp. 633-644
    • Spohn, H.E.1    Lacoursiere, R.B.2    Thompson, K.3    Coyne, L.4
  • 61
    • 0034927844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neural circuit regulation of prepulse inhibition of startle in the rat: Current knowledge and future challenges
    • Swerdlow, N. R., Geyer, M. A. Braff, D. L. (2001). Neural circuit regulation of prepulse inhibition of startle in the rat: Current knowledge and future challenges. Psychopharmacology, 156, 194 215.
    • (2001) Psychopharmacology , vol.156 , pp. 194-215
    • Swerdlow, N.R.1    Geyer, M.A.2    Braff, D.L.3
  • 62
    • 33845325470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Startle gating deficits in a large cohort of patients with schizophrenia: Relationship to medications, symptoms, neurocognition, and level of function
    • Swerdlow, N. R., Light, G. A., Cadenhead, K. S., Sprock, J., Hsieh, M. H. Braff, D. L. (2006). Startle gating deficits in a large cohort of patients with schizophrenia: Relationship to medications, symptoms, neurocognition, and level of function. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63, 1325 1335.
    • (2006) Archives of General Psychiatry , vol.63 , pp. 1325-1335
    • Swerdlow, N.R.1    Light, G.A.2    Cadenhead, K.S.3    Sprock, J.4    Hsieh, M.H.5    Braff, D.L.6
  • 63
    • 0007182459 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effective neuroleptic medication removes prepulse inhibition deficits in schizophrenia patients
    • Weike, A. I., Bauer, U. Hamm, A. O. (2000). Effective neuroleptic medication removes prepulse inhibition deficits in schizophrenia patients. Biological Psychiatry, 47, 61 70.
    • (2000) Biological Psychiatry , vol.47 , pp. 61-70
    • Weike, A.I.1    Bauer, U.2    Hamm, A.O.3
  • 64
    • 0017413946 scopus 로고
    • Reliability of the PSE (ninth edition) used in a population study
    • Wing, J. K., Nixon, J. M., Mann, S. A. Leff, J. P. (1977). Reliability of the PSE (ninth edition) used in a population study. Psychological Medicine, 7, 505 516.
    • (1977) Psychological Medicine , vol.7 , pp. 505-516
    • Wing, J.K.1    Nixon, J.M.2    Mann, S.A.3    Leff, J.P.4
  • 65
    • 1542513218 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prepulse facilitation and prepulse inhibition in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings
    • Wynn, J. K., Dawson, M. E., Schell, A. M., McGee, M., Salveson, D. Green, M. F. (2004). Prepulse facilitation and prepulse inhibition in schizophrenia patients and their unaffected siblings. Biological Psychiatry, 55, 518 523.
    • (2004) Biological Psychiatry , vol.55 , pp. 518-523
    • Wynn, J.K.1    Dawson, M.E.2    Schell, A.M.3    McGee, M.4    Salveson, D.5    Green, M.F.6


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.