Tracking early and late stages of information processing: Contributions of startle eyeblink reflex modification

Psychophysiology

Volumn 33, Issue 2, 1996, Pages 148-155

  Jennings, Penny D ^a   Schell, Anne M ^b   Filion, Diane L ^a   Dawson, Michael E ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b OCCIDENTAL COLLEGE   (United States)

Author keywords

Active attention; Controlled processing; Passive attention; Prepulse inhibition; Startle blink facilitation; Startle eyeblink modification

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; ATTENTION; AUDITORY STIMULATION; CONTROLLED STUDY; EYELID REFLEX; FACILITATION; FEMALE; HEART RATE; HUMAN; HUMAN EXPERIMENT; INFORMATION PROCESSING; MALE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SKIN CONDUCTANCE; STARTLE REFLEX; TASK PERFORMANCE;

ADULT; AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM; BLINKING; FEMALE; HUMANS; MALE; MENTAL PROCESSES; STARTLE REACTION;

EID: 0029931774     PISSN: 00485772     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8986.1996.tb02118.x     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Anthony, B. J. (1985). In the blink of an eye: Implications of reflex modification for information processing. In P. K. Ackles, J. R. Jennings, & M. G. H. Coles (Eds.), Advances in psychophysiology (Vol. 1, pp. 167-218). Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
2. Anthony, B. J., & Graham, F. K. (1983). Evidence for sensory-selective set in young infants. Science, 220, 742-744.
3. Anthony, B. J., & Graham, F. K. (1985). Blink reflex modification by selective attention: Evidence for the modulation of "automatic" processing. Biological Psychology, 21, 43-59.
4. Anthony, B. J., & Putnam, L. E. (1985). Cardiac and blink reflex concomitants of attentional selectivity: A comparison of adults and young children. Psychophysiology, 22, 508-516.
5. Balaban, M. T., Losito, B., Simons, R. F., & Graham, F. K. (1986). Offline latency and amplitude scoring of the human reflex eyeblink with FORTRAN IV. Psychophysiology, 23, 612 (Abstract).
6. Bauer, L. O. (1982). Preparatory modification of the polysynaptic eyeblink reflex. Psychophysiology, 19, 550-551 (Abstract).
7. BMDP (1990). Biomedical statistical software. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.
8. Bohlin, G., Graham, F. K., Silverstein, L. D., & Hackley, S. A. (1981). Cardiac orienting and startle blink modification in novel and signal situations. Psychophysiology, 18, 603-611.
9. Braff, D. L., & Geyer, M. A. (1990). Sensorimotor gating and schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 47, 181-188.
10. Braff, D. L, Stone, C., Callaway, E., Geyer, M. A., Glick, I., & Bali, L. (1978). Prestimulus effects of human startle reflex in normals and schizophrenics. Psychophysiology, 15, 339-343.
11. Davis, M., Gendelman, D. S., Tischler, M. D., & Gendelman, P. M. (1982). A primary acoustic startle circuit: Lesion and stimulation studies. Journal of Neuroscience, 2, 791-805.
12. Dawson, M. E., Hazlett, E. A., Filion, D. L., Nuechterlein, K. H., Schell, A. M. (1993). Attention and schizophrenia: Impaired modulation of the startle reflex. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 102, 633-641.
13. Dawson, M. E., Schell, A. M., & Filion, D. L. (1990). The electrodermal system. In J. T. Cacioppo & L. G. Tassinary (Eds.), Principles of psychophysiology physical, social, and inferential elements (pp. 295-324). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
14. DelPezzo, E. M., & Hoffman, H. S. (1980). Attentional factors in the inhibition of a reflex by a visual stimulus. Science, 210, 673-674.
15. Filion, D. L., Dawson, M. E., & Schell, A. M. (1993). Modification of the acoustic startle-reflex eyeblink: A tool for investigating early and late attentional processes. Biological Psychology, 35, 185-200.
16. Filion, D. L., Dawson, M. E., & Schell, A. M. (1994) Probing the orienting response with startle blink modification and secondary reaction time. Psychophysiology, 31, 68-78.
17. Graham, F. K. (1975). The more or less startling effects of weak prestimulation. Psychophysiology, 12, 238-248.
18. Graham, F. K. (1979). Distinguishing among orienting, defense, and startle reflexes. In H. D. Kimmel, E. H. van Olst, & J. F. Orlebeke (Eds.), The orienting reflex in humans (pp. 137-167). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
19. Graham, F. K. (1980). Control of reflex blink excitability. In R. F. Thompson, L. H. Hicks, & V. B. Shvyrkov (Eds.), Neural mechanisms of goal-directed behavior and learning (pp. 511-519). New York: Academic Press.
20. Graham, F. K., & Murray, G. M. (1977). Discordant effects of weak prestimulation on magnitude and latency of the reflex blink. Physiological Psychology, 5, 108-114.
21. Graham, F. K., Putnam, L. E., & Leavitt, L. A. (1975). Lead stimulation effects on human cardiac orienting and blink reflexes. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 1, 161-169.
22. Hackley, S. A., & Graham, F. K. (1987). Effects of attending selectively to the spatial position of reflex-eliciting and reflex-modulating stimuli. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 13, 411-424.
23. Hoffman, H. S., & Ison, J. R. (1980). Reflex modification in the domain of startle: I. Some empirical findings and their implications for how the nervous system processes sensory input. Psychological Review, 87, 175-189.
24. Leitner, D. S., & Cohen, M. E. (1985). The role of the inferior colliculus in inhibition of acoustic startle in the rat. Physiology and Behavior, 34, 65-70.
25. Michie, P. T., Solowij, N. , Crawford, J. M., & Glue, L. C. (1993). The effects of between-source discriminability on attended and unattended auditory ERPs. Psychophysiology, 30, 205-220.
26. Putnam, L. E. (1990). Great expectations: Anticipatory responses of the heart and brain. In J. W. Rohrbaugh, K. Parasuraman, & R. Johnson Jr. (Eds.), Event-related potentials: Basic issues and applications (pp. 109-129). New York: Oxford University Press.
27. Schell, A. M., Dawson, M. E., Hazlett, E. A., & Filion, D. L. (1995). Attentional modulation of startle in psychosis-prone college students. Psychophysiology, 32, 266-273.
28. Silverstein, L. D., Graham, F. K., & Bohlin, G. (1981). Selective attention effects on the reflex blink. Psychophysiology, 18, 240-247.
29. Silverstein. L. D., Graham, F. K., & Calloway, J. M. (1980). Preconditioning and excitability of the human orbicularis oculi reflex as a function of state. Electroencephalography and Clinical Neurophysiology, 48, 406-417.
30. Swerdlow, N. R., Caine, S. B., Braff, D. L., & Geyer, M. A. (1992). The neural substrates of sensorimotor gating of the startle reflex: A review of recent findings and their implications. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 6, 132-146.